George H. Marcus

Functionalist Design An Ongoing History

Preste1 Munich· New York

Contents

7 Acknowledgments

9 Introduction

16 Plates

33 Fitness for Purpose

47 Absence of Ornament

67 Standardization

94 Revolution in Metal

lIS Machine Art

127 The Bauhaus Style

152 Where Are We At?

166 Selected Bibliography

168 Index of Names

Index of!\ames

AaJto, :'\h'ur 95,129

:\iain 121

:\lbefs,A.nni [3

.-\ibers, J\\sef 95

:\Ii>t!rl , Prince 37 , 40

.-\rgan , Giulin Carlo 130

Banham , Reyner 15 -1

Barr, AJfreJH.,j r. 11 7- IS

Baumelstcr, \YiJli 67-68

Bay..: r, Herb..:n 101 , Il7

Ikhrcns, Peler 50 ,52- 53,

69- 70,72

Bcrg..:r, :\nhur 52

Bernhllrd, Lud:ln 53

Benseh, Karl 72,75

Bill, At!:" S, 12S

Iloesiger, \\iilly I ~ I

Bona , M:lrio 157-58

Hrandt,l\larianne 16- 17 ,

57, 78- Ra, 15.5- 56

Brend..:ndi":l'k, Hin 78- 79

Hreuer, Marcd 10 , 11, 15,

8..f-85, 89, 91 - 92, 9-1 -9&,

IDI , ID5, 112 , I24, 13 .. , I-lo,

LP-·B , 1..j.9 , [5,5- 56, 158,

, 160, [62 - 6.{

Brown, Dcnisl' Scut! q . 152

Brmm, Ford i\bddox ..f3-..f-l

Bruckmann, Peler 52-53

Ducher, Herta 5R

BUr\un , Scon 156-SS

Cole , Henry (Fell." Summcrly)

37, 39-4° ,41

Coop Himmdbl:m 31, 158

De Pas , D' Urbmo,

Lomazzi 1.59

Deskey, D llil,lld wo

Dexd, \,\-'alter 117

De Zurku. Edw.:m..l Roben

130

Dieckmann. bich 85-87

ThICker, Rich"rd /7, 79

Dl1esburg, Theo van 55

Eames, Charles 119,141 ,

160

t.:dgdl, Georg..: 1 Iafilh.l 10

168

Fisker, Kay 59, 61, 130

FrJnck, Kaj q3

h :tnk, ,\\ichd 160

Frit'dl~ndt'f, ,\ \.argueritt.' 60,

6,

Gavina , Dim) LP- .B

GloJ.g, John 9.j.

Greenough, HOf:u io 131

Grelscil , Hcrmann 60

Grillith, GCfr y 13/\- 39

Grnpius, Waiter 9, q.

5" - 55 , 67· 72, 7.j. , 76. 7S,

I}O , 92, 9 .. , I':Q -25, 130,

[32, 134, 154

Guym, ;\ . 10 [

HaefeJi , J\ ~a:-.: Ern~1 77

H'I~St'nptlllg , Gust<\\· 95

Heinc.', T homlls T hetldol'

4~

Henningsc.'n, Poul 77 -78

Herbsl, R<;"t1c 97

Herft', Rk hard 5~· 57

He~k<;"tt , John 9

Hncnc, M:1X 85,87

HolTmann , j (ll>Cf 71.

Hudnut , Jo~eph 131

ttten , J(lhann..:s 55

Jack , Gewge \\ 'ashinglOn .j...f '

Jahn, Marlin 57

Jeannefl' l, Pierre 22,30,

75-76 , 101-3, 105-7. Ill,

124- , I.jO, LP, 158-59

John~. jasper 156

Johnson , Philip I1 , Ill , 11 5,

111 , 113, [30, 131 , 135 ,

140, I47 , 153-5"

Juckl' r, Karl J. 18. 59

KaJlai , Erml 12-1

Kandinsky, W'assily 55 , I-ll

KimbaU , Fiske IO

Kjaerholm, Pnul Q.j.- ..]5

Kiee. Paul 55

Klil1l , Kallre R2-R,l , IH

Knoll , FiMence (Schust) n ,

.2.9 , 135 , qu

Km.II, H ans 11. 13-1 - 35,

137 Koch .. Io,h'gens 1-1-1

Korhnnen, Tuin) q6

KrJnlef, Fcrdin:md 56,

86- 87, 89

La Aoche , RdOU\ 76

Le Corbusier (Chiu'les­

Edouard Jcanllcret)

IU-Il , 12, 30, 5..f, 57· 67 ,

7..f-79, 81 -83, 94, IO I-fl.

11 2, 11 7, 110- 21 , 124, 131 ,

qo-.p, 1.'4' 1-1',1, 15..], 156,

158-60, 162

Lcger,Ferrl:lnd 116 ,1(1),120

Leyner, ,\\ark 165

Lidnblau, Erost 56

Lllbmeyr, Ludwig 51

Loos, :\dolf -17

Loran, Erie 131

Lur~'''I , .l"ndrc 101

Mackintosh , Ch:trles Rellnie

,60

i\\;lgg, Helmul 1-1 -1

,\kBridl', Henry 118

,\ider-Grade, Julius 50- ~1

,\ \endilli , .l" lessandro 30,

15S- 56, 1~9 ;\kyer" l"uolf 78

A\eyer. !ianlles 9~, 12-1

;\l ies \'3n der Rohe, Ludwlg

1O-11 , 20 . 16-28, 32,

67-6~ , 79 , 87, 89, 90, IQ[ ,

106, IOR-I l, 130, 132,

134-..fU, I-l-l--I7, q \h IS.2·

158, 160-6 [ , 163- 65

.~lohnly-l\agy. Lizslo 128

,\\ollino, C3rhl 129

M{lrilz, .l"nureas 59-60

,\\unis, William 9, ~1-45 ,

4R, <;0- <;1

.\Iumfo rtl, Lewis In

l\\Ulhesius. Hcnn:mn 50,

54,72

Nelson, Gemgt' 29, 129,

q l ,14-4- -I5

l\~'ssen , Gn.'I;). \ ' 0 11 19· 134

Nl'~St' I1. \'\'aller \'on 134

Kil'meYl'r, Adelhen 72

Noguchi , lsamu 121)-30, [60

Dud, j, ].1'. 67

Ozenfant , .l"m~Jee 5-4 , ')7

Paul , Bruno 71-72,7"

Paxton ,Joseph ') , 3"- 35

Perriand, Ch;ulolle 12, .2.4,

]0,9-1. 101-3, 105, 107,

11 2, 12-4,qO - ,,2 , I:;R - 60

Petri , Trudc 60

l'..:rSllef, l\l kolaus 9, 130

l' rt:yrl'mbel, HallS 7R,80

Pllgin , ,l". \'\:. ~. 3",.12

Aand .. l,,\·n 131 -33

Read , Herbt'rt ',) , 14

Redgr:we, RIChard 3-1-36,

40 - 41, 4-1- , 51

Reich, Lily 60, 62 , w8-9

Renner, Paul 86

RIt'mt' l;.;chm id, Richard

49-50,52 , 71- 73

Rle!\'dd, Gcrrit 75 · 77, 92

Rockfellcr, NdS~)ll 121

ROt'richr, Ilans 128 -29

Rnhdc , Gil ben 99- 100

Rmh, Alfred 7R

Ru~kin. John -10, " .2.. 45 , 4H

Saarinan , Eern 129

Sartoris, Albeno 10

Schlumboh m, Peler 63,65

Schne(k, Adol f G. 19 ,

RS -86, H8

Scully, Vincent 152

Shl't!ler, Charles 12()

Sko\', Torbell 158-59

Socrates 33

Stam, ,\ \3ft 95-96, 9S,1I 2

Slraub, Karl 67, 69

Sullivan , Louis [.2- ' 3

Tigerman , Slallley 1;2

Van de Velde, Henry 72

Vl'blen , T Il(l rs[<"in -t:;.59

VCniuri , Rllben q , 152,

154 , 160

Wagenfeld , Wilhdm 18 ,57,

59,63

\\"ebb , Phihp 43

Weber, Heldi q .2

\\ "eidanz , Gu~t:l\' :;8-59

Weill, Bruno tBewe) 101

\\ "enz-Vit'tor. Elfe S8

\Yhi rnl,m , \'\ "0111 131

\\ 'ing!t'r, Ham ,\1. 149

\Yingqu ist, S\'en 118

\\olfe ; li)nl Il- Il

\\'right, Frank Lloyd 131

Wright, Rus~e l 129

Xenophon 33

Zimmermann , ErnsT 71, R~