FRAMED STRUCTURE

Members: Soriana Álvarez #C. 09-11053Teresa Tam #C. 09-11034Ainara Ricchiutti #C. 09-11016

Logical Sequence: 1.  Framed Structures

-Introduction:  Structural function

Structural types and a definition of framed structure

2. Building components of the structure

3. Structural material-Wood-Concrete -Steel

4. Examples 

Structural function

requirements• Physical actions• Mass• Inertia forces •Dimensional changes

• Stable• Resist basic charges• Overload withstand foreseeable• Earthquakes

structural objective• Limiting deformations• Vibrations prevent • The passage of time.

Structural typology

We are refering to its geometry, depending mainly on its use, taking into account the maximum material efficiency, and minimum obstruction space.

Burnham pavilionChicago ILLINOIS

Museum of contemporary cultureLondon ENGLAND

GEOMETRY SPACE

Framed StructureA framed structure in any material is one that is made

stable by a skeleton that is able to stand by itself as a rigid structure without depending on floors or walls to resist deformation. Materials such as wood, steel, and reinforced concrete, which are strong in both tension and compression.

The

surfa

ce

elem

entsFunction is to cover the surface

The constituent elements

Horiz

onta

l lin

ear

elem

ents

For concrete to steel is the width and thickness

Beams

The

verti

cal

elem

ents

Area and shape.

Stru

ctur

al

mat

eria

lthe tensile modulus

elasticity

hea

vy t

imbe

r fr

ame,

The heavy timber frame, in which large posts, spaced relatively far apart, support

thick floors and roof beams.

In the heavy-timber system, the beams are strong enough to allow the upper story and

roof to project beyond the plane of the ground-floor posts, increasing the space and

weather protection. The members are usually exposed on the exterior.

hea

vy t

imbe

r fr

ame,

Am

eric

an li

ght

woo

d

fram

e (b

allo

on fr

ame)

Composed of many small and closely spaced

members that could be handled easily and assembled quickly by nailing instead of by the

slow joinery and dowelling of the past. Construction is similar in the two systems, since

they are both based on the post-and-lintel principle . Posts must rest on a level, waterproof

foundation, usually composed of masonry or concrete, on which the sill (base member) is

attached

The

light

fram

e The light frame, however, is sheathed

with vertical or horizontal boarding or shingling, which is jointed or overlapped for weather protection. Sheathing helps to brace as well as to protect the frame,

so the frame is not structurally independent as in steel frame

construction. The light frame system has not been significantly improved since its

introduction, and it lags behind other modern techniques

Stee

l fra

min

g Steel framing is based on the same principle

but is much simplified by the far greater strength of the material, which provides more

rigidity with fewer members. The load-bearing capacity of steel is adopted for

buildings many times higher than those made of other materials. Because the column and

beam are fused by riveting or welding , stresses are distributed between them, and

both can be longer and lighter than in structures in which they work independently

as post-and-lintel.

Stee

l Fr

amin

g

Since structural steel must be protected from

corrosion, the skeleton is either covered by curtain

walls or surfaced in concrete or, more rarely,

painted. The steel frame is used also in single story

buildings where large spans are required

The simple cube then can be

abandoned for covering systems employing arches, trusses, and other

elements in a limitless variety of

forms in order to suit the functions of the

building.

EXAMPLES

Tower cranes and communication towers

the Eiffel Tower (Paris, Francia)

the Sullivan Center (Chicago, USA)

THANKS