Forging- Bending

DropTwisting and Scrolling

By Joe O’Neill

Forging Information• Forging processes can be carried out either

by hand or machine

• Most forging processes are carried out when the metal is HOT. This avoids the work hardening and also requires less energy to achieve the final result

• Was originally ALL done by hand but is a dieing trade due to machinery

Different Processes• Basic hand processes are carried out with the use

of Hammers, Tongs and Anvils• Larger forces can be achieved by using mechanical hammers• The different Processes of Forging are: 1. Bending – Bending the metal2. Drawing Down – The metal is hammered into a

thinner section3. Punching and Drifting – Punch a hole into the metal

and smoothing/tidying up the hole4. Twisting and Scrolling – Twisting the metal and

Scrolling the metal5. Drop Forging – A mechanical process used in

mass production (Spanners and Hammer heads)

Bending• A bend is produced in the piece

being worked• The bend can either be sharp or

gradual• A more gradual bend can be

achieved with the metal being cold while a sharp bend will require the metal to be hot

Twisting and Scrolling• These two processes can be carried out while

the metal is hot or cold the result will depend on what type of metal being forged

• Both of the processes require manual labour and a high degree of skill

• Used to create small amounts of products only• Products mad by Twisting and Scrolling are:

Wrought iron gates, Horse shoes and stirrups for riding

Drop Forging• Drop forging is used when large numbers of

similar objects are being made (mass production) therefore machines are required

• Drop forging is a refining process• To make a product by drop forging you 1st

draw down the metal to a rough shape then place the metal in the Drop dies and set the machine to apply pressure

• This forces the metal to the shape of the dies• To achieve a final drop forged product the

metal will be forged several times

Drop Forging