Fireproofing Testing Today and The Future - NFCA Home · Fireproofing Testing Today and The Future ... DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ... UL 1709

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Fireproofing Testing Today and The Future

Luke Woods Principal Engineer Fire Resistance and Containment – UL

COPYRIGHT © 2013 UL LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED OR DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

Luke Woods

• Mechanical (BS) and Fire Protection Engineer (MS)

• Principal Engineer for Fire Resistance and Containment

• 7 years with UL

• Formerly employed by fireproofing product manufacturer

• Experience with testing, standards, building codes, construction

• Membership of NFPA, SFPE, ISO, ASTM

• Other association participation – Firestops, Fire Doors, Fire Dampers

etc.

3


Who is UL?

• Accredited 3rd party testing and certification laboratory.

• Standards development organization (SDO).

• Research

• Quality assurance.

• Market surveillance.

• Training/consultants.

• Know by test and state the facts.

4


UL Facts and Figures

• Founded in 1894

• 131 global laboratories.

• Over 10,000 employees.

• 1,490 current standards.

• Over 100 countries with UL customers.

• Over 20,000 types of products evaluated.

• 22 Billion UL Marks on products.


Relevant Firestop Standards

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Standard Type Standard Reference

Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

UL 263 (ASTM E119, ULC-S101, ISO 834, BS 476)

Rapid Rise Fire Test of Protection Materials for Structural Steel UL 1709 (ASTM E1529)

Jet Fire ISO 22899

Durability of SFRM’s UL 2431


UL 263

• Fourteenth edition. First edition 1929.

• Standard t-T curve

• Loading requirements – where required.

• Standard hose stream – where required.

• Standard conditions of acceptance

• Report of standard information.

• Reference by building codes and local jurisdictions

• UL Categories CHPX, CDWZ, BYBU

7


CAN ULC S101

• Fourth edition. First edition 1982.

• Standard t-T curve

• Loading requirements – Limit States Design Method

• Standard hose stream – where required.

• Standard conditions of acceptance

• Report of standard information.

• Reference by building codes and local jurisdictions

• UL Category CHPX7/C, CDWZ7

8


UL 1709

• Fourth Edition. First Published in 1989.

• More intense fire and energy exposure.

• Environmental exposure criteria.

• Limited scope to columns.

• Used for onshore petrochemical and industrial steelwork protection.

• Ongoing updates.

9


UL 2431

• Evaluates SFRM and IFRM fire

performance after impact,

vibration and environmental

exposure.

• Recent revision and adoption.

• Looking to become Certification

requirements for SFRM and IFRM.

10


Jet Fire – ISO 22899

• Simulates fire from pressurized

piping or tanking network

commonly found in oil refineries.

• Projects a 240-300 kW/m2 heat

flux sonic gas jet fire exposure.

UL 1709 heat flux is approximately

190-220 kW/m2 .

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Full Scale Panel/Wall Furnace

Dimensions

13 feet tall

15 feet wide

Specifications

Pre-mix gas burners

Computer automated

Positive and negative pressure tests in addition to various t-T curves.

Adjacent hose stream station.

12


Column Furnace

Dimensions

Width – 10 ft.

Height – 10 ft.

Depth – 8 ft.

Specifications

UL 263 and UL 1709 testing

Full and short sections

Non loaded chamber

Manually controlled

13


Full Scale Floor Furnace

Dimensions

14 feet long

17 feet wide

Specifications

Premixed gas burners

Fully automated.

Designed to hit various t-T curves.

Used for testing floor, roof, short columns.

14


Large Scale Floor Furnace

15


Small scale panel/wall furnace

Dimensions

52 inches wide

62 inches tall

Specifications

Positive and Neutral Pressure capable.

Standard t-T exposure curve

16


Small Scale Floor Furnace

Dimensions

4 feet wide

4 feet long

2 feet deep

Dimensions

Fully automated.

Used for both UL and ULC testing.

17


Data Acceptance Program

Remote testing capabilities.

Extends UL’s breadth.

Broadens means for UL Certification.

Global resources.

18


UL 263 Time (t) – Temperature (T) Curve

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480

Tem

pera

ture

(°F)

Time (s)


UL 1709 Time (t) – Temperature (T) Curve

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480

Tem

pera

ture

(°F)

Time (s)


UL 263/1709 Time-Temperature Comparison

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480

Tem

pera

ture

(°F)

Time (s)

UL 263 UL 1709


Comparison of UL 263 to UL 1709

UL 263 – 14th ed. (1st ed. 1929) UL 1709 – 4th ed. (1st ed. 1989) Models wood fueled fire Models oil fueled fire

T-t Curve – 1000°F at 5 min T-t Curve – 2000°F at 5 min Columns, Walls, Floors, Roofs, Beams Columns Only

No calibration requirements Calibration required Optional environmental exposures Mandatory environmental exposures

Same TC layout Same C o A - 1000°F average and 1200°F maximum


Conditions of Acceptance

Sustain the imposed load

Max Deflection

Max Deflection Rate

No Passage of Flame

Openings or Ignition of Cotton Waste

250°F + Ambient Temperature Rise

Beam Temperatures

Withstand Hose Stream (Walls)

Floor or Roof


Thermocouple Locations

24


Conditions of Acceptance – UL 263

Ability to support the implied loading for the duration of the endurance test. Beams includes max. deflection and max. rate of deflection.

Prevent thermal transmission to < 325 F on the unexposed side of the

assembly for the duration of the endurance test. Limit steel temperatures from reaching 1100/1300°F average/max

individual for beams. Limit steel temperatures from reaching 1000/1200°F average/max

individual for unloaded columns. Withstand hose stream (where required).


Full Scale Column Specimens – UL 263 and UL 1709

Structural Tube Wide Flange


Conditions of Acceptance – UL 263 and 1709

Full Scale

6.1 The transmission of heat through the protection material during the period of fire exposure for which Classification is desired shall not raise the average temperature at any of the four levels of the steel column above 1000°F (538°C) and no thermocouple shall indicate a temperature greater than 1200°F (649°C).


Small Scale Specimens

6 x 6 in. tubes.

3/16 in. wall.

2 ft. tall.

8 x 8 x ¼ in. plates.

Plates at each end.


Conditions of Acceptance – UL 1709

Small Scale

Subjected to Simulated Environments

Comparative fire test conducted to determine relative performance

10.1 The average temperature of the test samples shall not exceed 1000°F (538°C) and no thermocouple shall indicate a temperature greater than 1200°F (649°C) within a time equal to three quarters of the control sample.


Hose Stream Test


Hose Stream

31

• Measures assembly durability from impact. • Mandated by code and test standard. • Not required for all fire tests or fire ratings (e.g. Europe)


Hose Stream Requirements

UL 263

• Mandatory for walls rated over 60 minutes.

ASTM E2226

• Exclusive method

• Requires turn OFF assembly

32


SFRM and IFRM Ratings

Fire Resistance Restrained Assembly Restrained Beam Unrestrained Assembly Unrestrained Beam Column Walls (Loadbearing and non-loadbearing)

Environmental Ratings

Interior General Purpose Interior Conditioned Space Exterior

33


UL 2341 Environmental Conditions

Simulated Environment Exposure to:

• Aging • High Humidity • Salt Spray • Industrial Atmosphere • Wet/Freeze/Thaw Cycle

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Environmental Effects

Cracking

Erosion

Delamination

UV Decomposition

Chipping


Durability and Environmental Evaluation – UL 2431

Exposure to impact, vibration and environmental condition. Conduct fire test, either UL 263 or UL 1709. Individual sample set shall be w/in 90% EPT of control sample. Multiple sample set average shall be w/in 85% EPT of control sample.


UL Certification Process

Witness Production of test material • Provides traceability between production and test preparation Witnessed sample preparation and application • Ensures the correct sample is prepared

Consistent thickness readings during preparation and before testing

Fire Test

Environmental Exposure Test

Evaluation of Data Package

Final Certification

Online Certification Database Updated


UL Fire Resistive Design

Includes:

Rating

Construction

Certified Components

Generic Components

Special Instructions

Future?


Recent Activity

UL Industry Annual Meeting - Task groups established and routinely meet. - Task groups for UL 1709, Alternate Formulations, Topcoat

Certification Attachments statement in UL FR Directory Loading information – Further explanation for WSD vs. LSDM Multi-Temperature Analysis Revisions to UL 1709 Revision to UL Environmental Program (UL 2431)

39


Multi Temperature Analysis

Provides SFRM or IFRM thicknesses for a specific temperature and time.

Not to replace current Certification criteria.

Only to be used for performance based design approaches.

40


The Future

• What do FP contractors need? • Testing of attachments? • Testing of connections between

beams and columns? • Routine retests? • New standards? • Updated UL FRD? • More participation with UL

activities: − Standards Development − Industry Meetings − Education Seminars

41


UL Resources

UL.com (link)

UL fire resistance directory (link)

Code correlation database (link)

Architectural services (link)

[email protected]

UL TSA/FSA Newsletters

UL Fire Wizard (link)

UL (+1.877.854.3577)

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THANK YOU Luke Woods 508-372-9029 [email protected]

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Fireproofing Testing Today and The Future - NFCA Home · Fireproofing Testing Today and The Future ... DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ... UL 1709