Finish Globalization What is Geography? Themes and Issues in World Regional

Geography

For Next Class: Read McKnight & Hess 2005 (pp. , 30-41), available on AsUlearn under the assigned readings link

Themes and Issues in WRG

2015 Peru Summer Study Abroad: Andean Societies and Environments

July 6 to July 26, 2015GHY 1011: Global Climate Change (4 hrs)

GHY 3140: Andean Mountain Geography (3 hrs) This 20-day intensive program introduces students to Andean Mountain Geography and Climate and Tropical Glaciers through direct field experience and research activities, readings, discussions, and meetings with guest speakers. Field excursions to Machu Picchu and other locations in the Sacred Valley and an 8-day trek in the Cordillera Vilcanota (with strenuous ascents to over 17,000 ft) will provide an outstanding setting for the study of Andean human-environment interactions and the impacts of climate variability and change on tropical glaciers, ecosystems, and human populations.

Program Leaders: Dr. Baker Perry, Mrs. Patience Perry, and Dr. Anton Seimon

Interested? Contact Dr. Perry (perrylb@appstate.edu) to apply or for more information.

Homework Exercise

What are the arguments of the pro-Globalizers?

How do the critics of globalization respond? What is your position?

Advocates of Globalization

Enhances competition, allows capital to flow to poor areas, and encourages technological innovation

Promotes efficiency and enhances national productivity

Economic convergence – world’s poorer countries will eventually catch up

Rising tide lifts all boats Even sweatshops are a good thing – provide jobs

to those who otherwise would not

Critics of Globalization

Globalization is not a “natural” process (result of the Washington Consensus and neoliberal economic policies)

Inequality continues to increase; trickle-down theory has yet to be validated• Richest 20% consume 86% of global resources

Local, sustainable economies suffer as a result of the focus on free-market, export-oriented economies

Free-market economic model is not the one that Western countries used for their own economic development

Dhaka, Bangladesh

A Middle Position?

Globalization of anti-globalization Importance of managing globalization Strong, yet efficient governments Dani Rodrik:

• “The world market is a source of disruption and upheaval as much as it is an opportunity for profit and economic growth.”

What the World Eats

http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1626519_1373664,00.html

http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1645016,00.html

What is Geography?

Study of spatial patterns and processes and human-environment interactions

Five fundamental themes:• Location• Movement• Place: cultural landscape• Scales: global to local• Human-environment interaction

Setting the Boundaries – World Regions

Figure 1.20

Themes and Issues in WRG

o Setting the Boundarieso Physical (or Environmental) Geographyo Population and Settlemento Cultural Coherence and Diversityo Geopolitical Frameworko Economic and Social Development

Key Terms

See p. 48 and be very familiar with the definitions and broader significance of these terms

e.g., colonialism, demographic transition model, nation-state, purchasing power parity (PPP), total fertility rate (TFR)

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Population and Settlement

Figure 1.22

Population Growth and Change

Age–Sex Structure of Populations

Figure 1.24

Group Exercise: Demographic Transition Model

What is the Demographic Transition Model and how does it help us to understand the past and current demographic trends in the developed and developing world?

The Demographic Transition

The Demographic Transition

Figure 1.25

Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 22

Population Movements Migration

• Voluntary

• Forced (e.g., Refugees like those pictured in Figure 1.27 at right)

• Push vs. Pull FactorsSouthern Sudan

Global Cities in the 21st Century

Figure 1.28

Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff

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Language …

Figure 1.36

Figure 1.37

Dubai, UAE

Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff

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… and Religion

Figure 1.38

Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff 26

Geopolitical FrameworkNations vs. States Ethnic Separatism – Centripetal

vs. Centrifugal Forces

Figure 1.42 Figure 1.43Basques in Spain

Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th edition: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, and Wyckoff

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The Colonial Imprint

Figure 1.44

Wealth and Poverty

Figure 1.44

2009 Global Recession

Figure 1.45

Impoverished Brick Workers in India

Development: Economic and Social

Economic Development

Figure 1.48

Figure 1.49

Social Development – Health and Education

Figure 1.51

Figure 1.50

Receiving a polio vaccine in Jakarta

Women and Literacy