FIGURE 9-1

Packed tower air stripper.

FIGURE 9-2

Two- film theory.

FIGURE 9-3

Differential section.

FIGURE 9-4

An air stripping unit.

FIGURE 9-5

Generalized pressure dropcorrelations.

FIGURE 9-6

Schematic of carbon contactor.

FIGURE 9-7

Carbon contactors.

FIGURE 9-8

Schematic of activated carbon adsorption systems.

FIGURE 9-9

Transport processes.

FIGURE 9-10

Carbon adsorption breakthrough Curve showing movement of an adsorption zone.

FIGURE 9-11

Laboratory breakthrough curves.

FIGURE 9-12

Bed-depth service time curves

corresponding to Table 9-4.

FIGURE 9-13

Atmospheric pressure steam stripping column.

FIGURE 9-14

Vacuum steam stripper.

FIGURE 9-15

Mass transfer across trays.

FIGURE 9-16Construction of

McCabe-

Thielediagram.

FIGURE 9-17

Completed McCabe-Thiele diagram.

FIGURE 9-18

Design curve—constant bottoms concentration.

FIGURE 9-19

Plate types.

FIGURE 9-20

Equipment arrangement for a typical UV/H2O2 system.

FIGURE 9-21Destruction of chlorinatedorganics by ozone with andwithout UV radiation.

FIGURE 9-22

Reaction of ozone in aqueous solution.

FIGURE 9-23

Degradation of phenol by ozone.

FIGURE 9-24

Control of H2O2 dosage by ORP.

FIGURE 9-25

Decomposition of trichlorethylene with

H2O2, UV and H2O2 UV.

FIGURE 9-26

Destruction of halogenated aliphatics by H2O2 +UV at 20C.

FIGURE 9-27

Control of cyanide destruction by

ORP.

FIGURE 9-28

Schematic diagram of an SCF process for extracting organic compounds from water using CO2.

FIGURE 9-29

Process schematic diagram for SCF oxidation of an aqueous waste.

FIGURE 9-30

Pressure temperature phase

diagram for water.

FIGURE 9-31

Variation in reduced density (ρR ) near the critical point for a pure compound.

FIGURE 9-32

Generalized reduced viscosities.

FIGURE 9-33

Properties of water at 250 atm.

FIGURE 9-34

Operation of electrodialysis systems.

FIGURE 9-35

Schematic of electrodialysis system.

FIGURE 9-36

Three-compartment electrodialysis cell.

FIGURE 9-37

Pickle liquor recovery process.

FIGURE 9-38

Pictorial explanation of reverse osmosis.

FIGURE 9-39

Flow diagram for a reverse osmosis system treating plating rinsewater.

FIGURE 9-40

Reverse osmosis unit.

FIGURE 9-41

Batch and continuous ultrafiltration operations.

FIGURE 9-42

Verification of the solute permeation

model for Tomhannock natural organic

matter (NOM).

FIGURE 9-43

The effect of operation protocol on aggregate permeate concentration and mass throughput (molecular weight

separation).