8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

1/18

Dewi Rahmawati

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

2/18

Outline

a. Definisi Diare

b. Gejala-gejala Diare

c. Terapi (Farmakologi & Non Farmakologi

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

3/18

Definisi

Diarrhoea is defined as an increased

frequency of bowel evacuation, withthe passage of abnormallysoft or watery faeces

The basis of treatment iselectrolyte and fluid replacement;in addition, antidiarrhoeals areuseful in adults and olderchildren

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

4/18

Diare Non Spesifik : diakibatkan karena cemas/stressselflim

Diare Spesifik : Infeksi Virus, bakteri, atau penyakit IBD, IBS

Diare akut : kurang dari 14 hari

Diare kronis : lebih dari 3 minggu

Jenis Diare

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

5/18

Acute diarrhea

a. Rapid onset

b. Produces watery stools that are passed frequently

c. Abdominal cramps, flatulence and weakness or malaise

d. Nausea and vomiting

Symptoms

Perlu ditanyakan pada bayimengenai muntah dan

demam yg di alami

Sevdehydr

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

6/18

The presence of blood or mucus in the stools

Diarrhoea with severe vomiting or with a high fever would

referral or require medicaladvice

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

7/18

Chronic diaarrhoeamore than 3 weeks duration

Bowel conditions antara lain;

Crohnsdisease,IBS or ulcerativecolitis and requires medical

advice

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

8/18

Irritable bowel syndrome This non-serious, but troublesome,co

one of the more common causes of recurrent bowel dysfunctioadolescents and young adults.

The patient usually describes the frequent passage of small vostool rather than true diarrhoea.

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

9/18

Infeksi

Penyebab

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

10/18

Obat-obatan

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

11/18

Diarrhoea of greater than

1 days duration in children younger than 1 year

2 days duration in children under 3 years and elderly patients

3 days duration in older children and adults

When to refer

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

12/18

Oral rehydration therapy

Tx utk cegah dehidrasi terutama pd anak dan lansia

standard treatment for acute diarrhoea in babies and young ch

Oral rehydration sachets may be used with antidiarrhoeals in

children and adults

Management Terapi

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

13/18

Oral rehydration therapy contain sodium as chloride and bica

glucose and potassium.

The absorption of sodium is facilitated in the presence of gluco

Patients should be reminded that only water should be used tothe solution (never fruit or fizzy drinks) and that boiled and cowater should be used for children younger than 1 year.

The solution can be kept for 24 h if stored in a refrigerator. Fizdrinks should never be

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

14/18

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

15/18

effective antidiarrhoeal treatment for use in older children an

When recommending loperamide the pharmacist should reminto drink plenty of extra fluids.

Oral rehydration sachets may be recommended.

Loperamide may not be recommended for use in children unde

Loperamide

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

16/18

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

17/18

The theoretical basis for its inclusion is that morphine, together

other narcotic drugs such as codeine, is known to slow the actioGI tract; indeed, constipation is a well recognize side-effect of drugs.

Kaolin and morphine mixture remains a popular choice for som

despite the lack of evidence of its effectivenessOpioid analgesic : ESO konstipasi

Morphine

Jangka waktu Pengobatan : 1 hari pada naka-anak, 2 hari pselainanak

8/10/2019 FARKOM. DIARE

18/18

Px Diare disrankan minum selain susu

Boleh dianjurkan menghindari makanan padat selama 24 jam.ASI/PASI tetap harus diberikan pd bayi terutama yangundernourishutamakan kesehatan.

PASI dihentikan, jika diduga karena enzim sal cerna tdk beker

baik terutama pd fase akut diare atau karena tidak cocok dgn (susu sapi)lactose intolerance