Facial Bone Facial Bone Anatomy & Anatomy & PositioningPositioning

RTEC 233RTEC 233

Week 6Week 6

FINALFINAL

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Anterior Aspect Anterior Aspect of Facial Bonesof Facial Bones 6 paired facial 6 paired facial

bonesbones1) 1)

2) 2)

3) 3)

4) 4)

5) 5)

6) 6)

2 single bones2 single bones7) 7)

8) 8)

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Palatine BonesPalatine Bones

1.1. L-shaped bonesL-shaped bones

2.2. _________ portion forms _________ portion forms posterior hard palateposterior hard palate

3.3. _______ portion extends _______ portion extends between 1maxillae and between 1maxillae and 1 pterygoid plate of 1 pterygoid plate of sphenoid bonesphenoid bone

4.4. Articulates with 2 Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 4 cranial bones and 4 facial bonesfacial bones

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Zygomatic BonesZygomatic Bones

1.1. Forms ________Forms ________2.2. Forms lower Forms lower

outer margin of outer margin of ______________

3.3. Articulates with 3 Articulates with 3 cranial bonescranial bones

1)1)2)2)3)3)

4.4. Articulates with Articulates with maxillaemaxillae

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Inferior Nasal CochaeInferior Nasal Cochae

1.1. The only pair of The only pair of conchae that are conchae that are _______ facial bones_______ facial bones

2.2. Articulates with Articulates with 1)1)2)2)3) 3) 4)4)

3.3. Covered with Covered with mucous membranes mucous membranes to: to: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Lacrimal BonesLacrimal Bones About the size & About the size &

shape of a fingernailshape of a fingernail

Lacrimal foramen for Lacrimal foramen for tear ducttear duct

Lie anteriorly on the Lie anteriorly on the medial side of orbitmedial side of orbit

Can be seen on PA Can be seen on PA and lateral projectionsand lateral projections

Articulates with 2 Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 2 cranial bones and 2 facial bonesfacial bones

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Nasal BonesNasal Bones

Fused and form Fused and form bridge of nosebridge of nose

Vary in size Vary in size considerablyconsiderably

The point of junction The point of junction with the frontal bone with the frontal bone is the nasion is the nasion

Articulates with 2 Articulates with 2 cranial and 2 facial cranial and 2 facial bonesbones

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VomerVomer

Forms inferosuperior Forms inferosuperior part of nasal septumpart of nasal septum

Deviated nasal Deviated nasal septumseptum

Depressions for blood Depressions for blood vesselsvessels

Articulates with 2 Articulates with 2 cranial bones & 4 cranial bones & 4 facial bonesfacial bones

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MandibleMandible

1.1. Only _______ bone Only _______ bone in the skullin the skull

2.2. ________& largest ________& largest facial bonefacial bone

3.3. ___bones at birth___bones at birth

4.4. Contains Contains ______foramina______foramina

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Pathologic Indications for Pathologic Indications for Facial RadiographyFacial Radiography

FracturesFractures BlowoutBlowout TripodTripod LeFortLeFort CoutrecoupCoutrecoup

Foreign Body Foreign Body

OsteomyelitisOsteomyelitis

NeoplasmsNeoplasms

Secondary Secondary OsteomyelitisOsteomyelitis

TMJ SyndromeTMJ Syndrome

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Sample FracturesSample Fractures

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Tripod FracturesTripod Fractures

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TripodTripodFractureFracture

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LeFort FracturesLeFort Fractures

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Lefort 2Lefort 2

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Foreign BodyForeign Body

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OsteomyelitisOsteomyelitis

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TMJ TMJ syndromesyndrome

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TMJ SyndromeTMJ Syndrome

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Positioning: Lateral Positioning: Lateral Facial bonesFacial bones

CR is CR is perpendicularperpendicular enters lateral enters lateral

zygomatic bone ½ zygomatic bone ½ way between outer way between outer canthus and EAM.canthus and EAM.

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Lateral Facial Lateral Facial RadiographRadiograph

All facial bones in All facial bones in with zygomatic bone with zygomatic bone in centerin center

Almost SI mandibular Almost SI mandibular

ramirami

SI orbital roofs (no SI orbital roofs (no tilt)tilt)

No rotation of sella No rotation of sella turcicaturcica

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Positioning: Waters Positioning: Waters

CR perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit acanthionto exit acanthion

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Waters RadiographWaters Radiograph

Distance from Distance from lateral border of lateral border of skull and orbit skull and orbit equal on each sideequal on each side

Petrous ridges Petrous ridges projected projected immediately below immediately below maxillary sinusesmaxillary sinuses

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Reverse WatersReverse Waters

CR perpendicular CR perpendicular and enters and enters acanthionacanthion

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Reverse Waters Reverse Waters RadiographRadiograph

Distance from Distance from lateral border of lateral border of skull and orbit skull and orbit equal on each sideequal on each side

Petrous ridges Petrous ridges projected projected immediately below immediately below maxillary sinusesmaxillary sinuses

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Modified WatersModified Waters

CR perpendicular CR perpendicular and exits and exits acanthionacanthion

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Modified Waters Modified Waters RadiographRadiograph

Petrous ridges Petrous ridges projected projected immediately below immediately below the inferior border the inferior border of the orbitsof the orbits

Equal distance Equal distance from lateral orbit from lateral orbit to lateral skull on to lateral skull on both sidesboth sides

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PA Axial - CaldwellPA Axial - Caldwell

CR 15 caudal to CR 15 caudal to exit nasionexit nasion

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PA Axial- Caldwell PA Axial- Caldwell RadiographRadiograph

Equal distance from Equal distance from lat skull to lat orbitlat skull to lat orbit

Symmetric petrous Symmetric petrous ridges in lower 1/3 ridges in lower 1/3 orbitorbit

Penetration of frontal Penetration of frontal bone without bone without excessive density at excessive density at lateral borders of lateral borders of skull.skull.

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Lateral Nasal BonesLateral Nasal Bones

CR perpendicular CR perpendicular to the bridge of to the bridge of nose at a point 1” nose at a point 1” distal to the nasiondistal to the nasion

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Lateral Nasal bones Lateral Nasal bones RadiographRadiograph

No rotation of No rotation of nasal bone and soft nasal bone and soft tissuetissue

Anterior nasal Anterior nasal spine and spine and frontonasal suture frontonasal suture evidentevident

Close collimationClose collimation

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