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EXPOSUREEXPOSUREHow we can manipulate shutter
speed, aperture & ISO to achieve different visual results
How we can manipulate shutter speed, aperture & ISO to achieve
different visual results
Pin Hole CamerasPin Hole CamerasFirst camera-like device invented by the Ancient Chinese & Greeks
Consists of a pin-sized hole that allows light to enter a box through a tiny hole and project an image of the object onto a surface
Film or Sensor
RECAPRECAPCamera = device that captures reflected light
First camera was the pin-hole invented by the Ancient Chinese & Greek
Exposure = the amount of light the film or sensor is exposed to
Photographers control how much light is let into the camera by manipulating:
shutter speed - how fast the mirror opens/closes
aperture - the opening in the lens
bigger opening, smaller f-stop number, more light let in.
smaller opening, bigger f-stop number, less light let in.
ISO - how sensitive the film or sensor is to light
lower ISO = less sensitive = less grain = less noise
Higher ISO = more sensitive = more grain = more noise
Don’t have a tripod?Don’t have a tripod?You can use ANY FLAT, STILL surface as a tripod!
TableChairLedgeLadderCabinet
Counter topthe floor
Does your camera have a timer setting?
Set the camera up, put it on a short timerStep back and let the camera take the pic!
Measured in f-stop
Measured in f-stop
Smaller number = bigger hole =
more light
Smaller number = bigger hole =
more light
Larger number = smaller hole =
less light
Larger number = smaller hole =
less light
Why not use a high ISO all the time?Why not use a high ISO all the time?
The higher your ISO, the more you will see “grain” and “digital noise” in your picture
Use as low an ISO as possible!
Better cameras cope with this better than cheaper ones
More important that megapixels! Pixels
Depth of Field
Depth of Field
The area of your picture that is in focus.The extent to which your picture is in focus
through space
Which has the higher aperture?Which has the
higher aperture?
High f-stop = smaller hole =
large dof =more in focus
Shallow (small) DOFShallow (small) DOFLow f-stop (small #, big hole) = SHALLOW DEPTH OF FIELD
Less of the picture is in focus
Lots of blurry parts
Lots of “depth” shown
Depth = sense of going ‘backwards’
Deep (large) DOFDeep (large) DOF
High Aperture used (high #, smaller hole) = Deep Depth of Field
MORE parts are in focus
LESS sense of “depth”