Evolutia cinematografiei

7/21/2019 Evolutia cinematografiei

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Ektrnoubdrd

Ohth khȕtdree bekdjhtncrhade dstd bnkseodrhtĂ h a 60

odbdjfred 8054, bæko Hktnekd Iujeård, oek Iynk, hcĂouet, !h "hres, uk s#n$ bu ejhceke %k jeȕbhrd& 'usdsdrĂa!jhtd bu bhjdrd (Ăbutd od aee sĂe, Hucust hko InuesIujeård, ȕe )rddkthtd bu h*utnru! uknr )rnedbtnhrdrdh!ehtd tnt od de&

H (nst )dktru )rejh ohtĂ bæko h (nst (n!nset ȕetdrjdku! +bekdjhtncrhad, ehr )rektrd ek-eth.e sd h/h ȕe<dnrcds å!es, uk e!eenkest od !h 2dhtru! ?nuoeke, bhrd h %kbd)ut jhe tæreu sĂ a!jdd ȕe sĂ )rnedbtdd oe-drsda!jd& 1)drejdktd d1esthsdrĂ %ksĂ bu ju!.e hke %khektd& "rektrdd!d, %k 8033, bd! h! !ue ho$dhrouyfreocd, bhrd h (ntncrhaht ukbh! od)!hsækousd bu -etdĂ, bu

h*utnru! h 6 od bhjdrd& Ehr %k8005, 7e!!ehj 'redsd<rddkd h )rejet uk )htdkt )dktrubhjdrh sh +brnkn(ntncrhabĂ& =k hbddhȕe )drenhoĂ, 2#njhs oesnk !ubrh, %k !hfnrhtnru! sĂu, !h od-n!thrdh+9ekdtncrh(u!ue, )htdktht %k 8058&

:d (n!nsdhu %k hbdh )drenhoĂ jhe ju!td te)ure od a!j

)dktru %krdcestrhrd ȕe jhe ju!td -etdd od )rnedbthrd, ohr %k bæ.e-h hke hu od-dket sthkohro a!ju! od ;4 jj h! !ueoesnk ȕe )rnedbthrdh !h 8> bhord )d sdbukoĂ (n!nsetĂ odIujerd& Ih hbd! jnjdkt, a!jd!d h-dhu jhe )u.ek od ukjekut ȕe )rddkthu, od nfebde, n sekcurĂ sbdkĂ oek -eh.hod e bu e shu od !h uk d-dkejdkt s)nrte-, s)rd d1dj)!u&



6

LeenkĂre!d h-dhu !nb %k tej)u! uknr s)dbthbn!d odoe-drtesjdkt shu d1)ne.ee )drenoebd&

-n!uteh bekdjhtncrhade

Hȕh h %kbd)ut drh a!jd!nr jutd, bhrd h ourht )ækĂ %khke 85;& =k hbdhstĂ )drenhoĂ, a!jd!d drhu hbnj)hkehtdod juebĂ !e-d& =k 85;, o$ek :& "nrtdr oek db#e)h !ue 2#njhs oesnk h %jfukĂtĂ.et )rnbdsu! od doethrd h!a!jd!nr, sthfe!eko bĂ ukethtdh od fhĂ h a!ju!ue ku dstdsbdkh, bh %k tdhtru, be bhoru!& =k 850 d1esthu od*h 8&od bekdjhtncrh(d )d tdretnreu! :FH, ekoustreh %kbd)æko sĂbh)dtd n strubturĂ b!hrĂ od fusekdss bd %kburh*hbnksn!eohrdh&

'e!jd!d ku od)Ăȕdhu %kbĂ 84 jekutd&Ohr, %k 85>, h (nst )rnedbthtĂ ȕe )rejh)rnoub.ed od 0 od jekutd, a!ju!

hustrh!ehk +2#d :tnry n( t#d Bd!!y <hkc&Ehr d1dj)!u! hbdsth h (nst urjht ȕe od h!.e)rnoubĂtne hfeh %k 8588& Hu urjht h)nekujdrnhsd !ukcjdtrh*d durn)dkd,)rdbuj uddk !ehfdt# D'rhk.h, 8586A,

un LhoesC DEth!eh, 858;A ȕe @hfereh DEth!eh, 858A&

'e!ju! h od-dket n htrhb.ed )dktru b!hsd!d od je*!nb,

aeko rdbuknsbut bh n hod-ĂrhtĂ (nrjĂ od hrtĂ, h-ækorn!u! sĂu %k bu!turh sdbn!u!ue 6& Ohr b!hsd!d jhe doubhtdbnkseodrhu bĂ a!ju! dstd onhr )dktru bde kddoubh.e,)rd(dræko sĂ jdhrcĂ !h tdhtru& =k 853, %k 'rhk.h, hu !uhtkhȕtdrd ȕe hȕh kujetd!d +'e!js oHrt, jdketd sĂ houbĂ %k



6

sĂ!e!d od bekdjh ȕe b!hsd!d snbeh!d su)drenhrd& rhu, od(h)t, )edsd od tdhtru a!jhtd ȕe )rnedbthtd %k sĂ!e!d odbekdjh ȕe ku hu )reks !h )uf!eb&

@uj "reju! GĂfne nkoeh! h %kbdteket od-n!thrdhhbdstde ekoustree )d bnktekdktu! durn)dhk, ?n!!y$nnou! hod-dket bdktru! bekdjhtncrh(de oek %ktrdhch !ujdM %k hkee856 )rnoubdh od*h 0 od a!jd hkuh!, rd)rddktæko

06 oek ekoustreh c!nfh!Ă&

<drjhkeh drh bnkseodrhtĂ)rekbe)h!u! bnkburdkt h!hjdrebhke!nr, %k tej) bd jhe)rnhs)Ăth bekdjhtncrhad rusĂdrh ju!t jhe ekn-hte-Ă& =khbdhstĂ )drenhoĂ h !uhtkhȕtdrd ȕe a!ju! ekoehk, %k

urjĂtnhrdh odbhoĂ aeko od*h )rnousd, %k jdoed, 63 oda!jd )d hk&

=k 8563, stuoenure!d 7hrkdr Jrns& %kbdrbhu oe-drsd)rnoub.ee od a!j bu sukdt, ehr )ækĂ %k 8565 jhe tnhtda!jd!d od !h ?n!!y$nno h-dhu oeh!ncure ȕe juebĂ& :ds)ukd bĂ knuthtdh sukdtu!ue h (nst (nhrtd htrhbte-Ă )dktru)uf!eb, )rhbteb sh!-æko ekoustreh bekdjhtncrhade od

d(dbtd!d brede dbnknjebd oek hkee 85;&

=k hkee 85, rĂfneu! ȕe )rn)hchkoh rĂfneu!ue drhu)rekbe)h!d!d tdjd h!d a!jd!nr, d!d bnd1estæko budbrhkeĂre h!d uknr jhre n)drd !etdrhrd, )rdbuj ?dkry L h!!ue :#h9ds)dhrd D85A shu + D85A& Ou)Ă bd! odh!



6

One!dh GĂfne nkoeh!, %k hkee 854,td!d-eeukdh h od-dket n hjdkek.hrd)dktru bekdjhtncrhad& Kujdrnhsd sĂ!eod bekdjh hu (nst %kb#esd ȕe, )dktru hȕe

rdbĂ)Ăth s)dbthtnree, )rnoubĂtnree huod-dket ek-dkte-e ȕe %k bddh bd )re-dȕtdoejdkseuke!d )rnedb.ee!nr, )d )rekbe)eu!+feccdr es fdttdr&

=k hkee 853, a!jd!d bu)rekodhu oekbd %k bd jhe ju!td sbdkd od sd1 d1)!ebet, ohr ȕe ejhcekecrhabd bu nhjdke rĂke.e ȕe sækcdræko& =k :FH h h)Ărut ȕe

uk knu cru) od rdh!ehtnre od a!jd, )rdbuj 'rhkbes 'nro@n))n!h, :td-dk :)ed!fdrc, <dnrcd Iubhs ȕe Jrehk od"h!jh, %k )hrh!d! bu n brdȕtdrd h )n)u!hretĂ.ee a!jd!nr odhutnr&

=k hkee 850, -eenkhrdh a!jd!nr !h -eodn, hbhsĂ, drhod*h n hbte-ethtd )n)u!hrĂ& =k )rejh )hrtd h odbhode,stuoenure!d od a!j hu %kbdrbht sĂ ektdrebĂ hbdhstĂ

hbte-ethtd, bnkseodrækon e!dch!Ă )d jnte- bĂ %kbĂ!bhuord)ture!d od hutnr& Ku hu rduȕet&

Hkee 855 hu (nst jhrbh.e od h)hre.ehbhsd!nr od )rnoub.ed ekod)dkodktd, ohr ȕe hd(dbtd!nr s)dbeh!d %k a!jd ȕe h !ukcjdtrh*d!nr od hkejh.ed& Oestrefu.eh oeceth!Ă h

od-dket uk (dknjdk, !dce!d ord)ture!nr odhutnr aeko ehr %k htdk.eh stuoenure!nr&

=k hkee 6 h (nst rækou! onbujdkthrd!nr sĂ hefĂ)hrtd od subbds bnjdrbeh!, bu tet!ure )rdbuj +hrb# n( "dkcueks ȕe +'hrdk#det 5N88& =k 66, Oeskdy )rnoubd ȕe



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)reju! a!j )dktru EH\, +2rdhsurd "!hkdt, ehr %k 6;,+2#d htre1 Gd-n!utenks h fdkdabeht, od hsdjdkdh, od n!hkshrd )dktru EH\& u!t jhe rdbdktu! +2#d Ohr9 Bkec#tdstd ȕe )reju! a!j bhrd h (nst a!jht )hr.eh! bu td#kn!nced

EH\& 2ntohtĂ, a!ju! ;O (nst rdhous %k htdk.eh )uf!ebu!ue, %k )rekbe)h! od )rnoub.eh +<#nsts n( t#d Hfyss h !ue Xhjds@hjdrk oek 6;&

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