ESRI TW BestPracticesServer ASMC

ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server –– Best Practices Tuning and Best Practices Tuning and

Alaska Surveying & Mapping ConferenceAlaska Surveying & Mapping Conference

Seattle Open House 2008Seattle Open House 2008 11

ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server –– Best Practices Tuning and Best Practices Tuning and Optimization of GIS servicesOptimization of GIS services

Timothy R. WeisenburgerTimothy R. Weisenburger

ESRIESRI

AgendaAgenda

––ArcGIS Server ArchitectureArcGIS Server Architecture

––Tuning Tuning and Configuration of Servicesand Configuration of Services

––Map Document OptimizationMap Document Optimization

•• Dynamic Map ServicesDynamic Map Services

•• Map CachingMap Caching


ArcGIS Server 9.2ArcGIS Server 9.2

•• Complete & Integrated serverComplete & Integrated server--based GISbased GIS

•• OutOut--ofof--thethe--box applications and services box applications and services

•• Tremendous developer opportunitiesTremendous developer opportunities

Spatial DataSpatial Data

ArcGISArcGISDesktopDesktop

UC 2007 Tech SessionsUC 2007 Tech Sessions 33

ArcGIS ServerArcGIS Server

Spatial DataSpatial DataManagementManagement

VisualizationVisualization(Mapping)(Mapping)

SpatialSpatialAnalysisAnalysis

Web MappingWeb MappingApplicationsApplications

ArcGISArcGISMobileMobile

ArcGISArcGISExplorerExplorer

JavaJava

.NET.NET

Web Architecture Web Architecture -- OverviewOverview

•• ClientsClients

–– Web Browsers, Mobile DevicesWeb Browsers, Mobile Devices

–– ArcGIS Desktop Clients, ArcGIS ExplorerArcGIS Desktop Clients, ArcGIS Explorer

•• Web TierWeb Tier

–– Web ServerWeb Server

–– Web ADFWeb ADF

•• GIS ServerGIS Server

ClientsClients

Web ServerWeb Server

InternetInternet

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•• GIS ServerGIS Server

–– SOM SOM –– Server Object ManagerServer Object Manager

•• Load Distribution, LoggingLoad Distribution, Logging

–– SOC SOC –– Server Object ContainerServer Object Container

•• Processes GIS functionalityProcesses GIS functionality

•• Data / Data Server Data / Data Server

–– GeodatabasesGeodatabases (Personal, File, SDE)(Personal, File, SDE)

–– File Based (Shape, Raster, Other)File Based (Shape, Raster, Other)

Web ADFWeb ADF

SOMSOM

SOCSOC

DataData

GIS

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Tuning and Configuration of ServicesTuning and Configuration of Services


Tuning and Configuration of ServicesTuning and Configuration of ServicesMeet the Benchmark ExpectationMeet the Benchmark Expectation

GIS Resource GIS Service

Map document (.mxd) Map service

Globe document (.3dd) Globe service

Available ServicesAvailable Services


Globe document (.3dd) Globe service

Address locator Geocoding service

ArcGIS Toolbox (.tbx) Geoprocessing service

Geodatabase Geodata service

Service Instances, Processes and ThreadsService Instances, Processes and Threads

•• Service Instance Service Instance –– A single A single

occurrence of a service that occurrence of a service that

represents an application (MXD)represents an application (MXD)

•• Thread Thread –– Equates to a service Equates to a service

instance at the operating system instance at the operating system

level level


•• Instances are hosted by ArcSOC Instances are hosted by ArcSOC

processesprocesses

ArcSOC.exe

Setting Capacity Setting Capacity

•• Limits number of service Limits number of service instances running on a specific instances running on a specific host machine. host machine.

•• Once this limit is reached, Server Once this limit is reached, Server starts replacing least recently starts replacing least recently used instances instead of used instances instead of


creating new ones.creating new ones.

•• Serve large number of services Serve large number of services only part of which are used at any only part of which are used at any point in timepoint in time

–– Supports “limited resource” Supports “limited resource”

scenarioscenario

•• Serving a large library of mapsServing a large library of maps

•• Individual services rarely usedIndividual services rarely used

IsolationIsolation

•• High Isolation Example: 12 service High Isolation Example: 12 service instances equates to 12 instances equates to 12 ArcSOC.exe processes with one ArcSOC.exe processes with one instance/thread eachinstance/thread each

•• Low Isolation Example: 12 service Low Isolation Example: 12 service

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•• Low Isolation Example: 12 service Low Isolation Example: 12 service instances equates to 3 ArcSOC.exe instances equates to 3 ArcSOC.exe processes with up to four processes with up to four instances/threads eachinstances/threads each

•• Recommendation: Use high Recommendation: Use high isolationisolation

–– A failed instance is “isolated” to one A failed instance is “isolated” to one

ArcSOC.exe processArcSOC.exe process

ArcSOC.exe

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Pooled Service ModelPooled Service Model


•• State information (e.g., Current extent, layer visibility, etc.) State information (e.g., Current extent, layer visibility, etc.)

maintained in web server / browsermaintained in web server / browser

•• Scales better due to shared object poolScales better due to shared object pool

NonNon--Pooled Service ModelPooled Service Model


•• Typically holds its reference to the service for the duration of Typically holds its reference to the service for the duration of the application's session the application's session

•• Number of users on the system can have no more than a 1:1 Number of users on the system can have no more than a 1:1 correlation with the number of running service instancescorrelation with the number of running service instances

•• Do not use internet connections to nonDo not use internet connections to non--pooledpooled

Configuring Pooled / NonConfiguring Pooled / Non--Pooled InstancesPooled Instances

•• Define MinDefine Min--Max instancesMax instances

•• Typically 2Typically 2--4 instances per 4 instances per SOC CPUs/coresSOC CPUs/cores

–– Depends on relative Depends on relative


–– Depends on relative Depends on relative

performance of data sourceperformance of data source

–– Depends on local / ArcSDE Depends on local / ArcSDE

datadata

•• Instances are distributed Instances are distributed across all host serversacross all host servers

Wait Time and Usage TimeWait Time and Usage Time

•• Wait TimeWait Time

–– Time it takes to Request a Time it takes to Request a ServiceService

–– Handle the Error Handle the Error

•• Usage TimeUsage Time

–– How long can a service be How long can a service be


–– How long can a service be How long can a service be usedused

–– Geoprocessing VS MappingGeoprocessing VS Mapping

–– Failure or Long ProcessesFailure or Long Processes

Statistics Tracks these TimesStatistics Tracks these Times

Memory/CPU BottleneckMemory/CPU Bottleneck

•• LSASSLSASS

–– Local Security Authentication Server system process (lsass.exe) Local Security Authentication Server system process (lsass.exe) grows in CPU usage and memory utilization under heavy load.grows in CPU usage and memory utilization under heavy load.

•• Solution:Solution:

–– Install ArcGIS Server Service Pack 1 or later.Install ArcGIS Server Service Pack 1 or later.

–– Deploy web services and applications into a new application pool.Deploy web services and applications into a new application pool.


–– Deploy web services and applications into a new application pool.Deploy web services and applications into a new application pool.

–– Change identity of the new application pool to ArcGISWebServices user.Change identity of the new application pool to ArcGISWebServices user.

–– Turn off web service/web application authentication.Turn off web service/web application authentication.

•• Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2003

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•• Windows XP Windows XP

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Scaling Out Scaling Out –– Adding More Computing PowerAdding More Computing Power


ArcGIS Server DeploymentsArcGIS Server Deployments

Common Developer ConfigurationCommon Developer Configuration

Workgroup Workgroup or Enterpriseor Enterprise

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

DBMSDBMS

System Design Strategies White PaperSystem Design Strategies White Paper

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

DBMSDBMS

Direct ConnectDirect Connect

Small Capacity Small Capacity EnterpriseEnterprise

or Standard Development/Testing Environmentor Standard Development/Testing Environment

Architecture and Design 2008 Architecture and Design 2008 1616

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

DBMSDBMS

Direct ConnectDirect Connect Direct ConnectDirect Connect

DBMSDBMSDBMSDBMS

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

ArcSDEArcSDE

SOCSOC

SOMSOM

Web TierWeb Tier

Direct ConnectDirect Connect Direct ConnectDirect Connect

DBMSDBMS

High Availability, Medium Capacity EnterpriseHigh Availability, Medium Capacity Enterpriseor Standard Production Environmentor Standard Production EnvironmentHigh Availability, Small Capacity EnterpriseHigh Availability, Small Capacity Enterprise

Optimizing GIS Resources for GIS ServicesOptimizing GIS Resources for GIS Services


Optimizing GIS Resources for GIS ServicesOptimizing GIS Resources for GIS ServicesDynamic Maps and CachingDynamic Maps and Caching

Dynamic Map Dynamic Map ServicesServices

•• We encourage the use of cached map services and only We encourage the use of cached map services and only

when necessary use dynamic map services!when necessary use dynamic map services!

Considerations:Considerations:

•• Know your audience and their needs requirementsKnow your audience and their needs requirements

•• Understand the Understand the tradetrade--offsoffs


•• Understand the Understand the tradetrade--offsoffs

You want to Optimize Map Refresh Time!You want to Optimize Map Refresh Time!

Optimize Your Map Services Optimize Your Map Services -- The MXDThe MXD

•• Maps can include both dynamic as well as static layersMaps can include both dynamic as well as static layers

•• Design your maps for the Web Design your maps for the Web –––– Consideration with single source to multiple usersConsideration with single source to multiple users–– Minimize the data pushMinimize the data push

•• Dynamic Layers = rapidly changing dataDynamic Layers = rapidly changing data–– Roads symbolized by current snow depthRoads symbolized by current snow depth

–– Electrical network showing the latest posted work orderElectrical network showing the latest posted work order

–– Tracking Data / Updated GPS Point DataTracking Data / Updated GPS Point Data


–– Tracking Data / Updated GPS Point DataTracking Data / Updated GPS Point Data

•• Static Layers = more slowly changing dataStatic Layers = more slowly changing data–– LanduseLanduse / / LandcoverLandcover

–– Road NetworkRoad Network

–– BasemapBasemap datadata

–– ImageryImagery

•• Data Location and Access and Bandwidth IssuesData Location and Access and Bandwidth Issues–– SDE The FastestSDE The Fastest

–– File based File based –– Disk ContentionDisk Contention

–– Don’t Use Outside Services (Don’t Use Outside Services (ArcIMSArcIMS, ArcGIS Server, WMS), ArcGIS Server, WMS)•• STAY WITH YOUR LOCAL RESOURCESSTAY WITH YOUR LOCAL RESOURCES

•• Outside resources are better utilized at the Outside resources are better utilized at the Web Tier Web Tier levellevel

General Guidelines General Guidelines –– Dynamic MapsDynamic Maps

•• Show relevant informationShow relevant information

–– Start simple (Start simple (additional layers can be toggled on by useradditional layers can be toggled on by user))

–– Use field visibility (Use field visibility (hide unnecessary attributeshide unnecessary attributes) Not the Shape) Not the Shape

•• Use scale dependencies Use scale dependencies

–– Use data appropriate for the given scale (generalize if necessary)Use data appropriate for the given scale (generalize if necessary)


–– Display similar number of features at all scales for consistent user Display similar number of features at all scales for consistent user

experienceexperience

•• Remove Unused Layers and Data FramesRemove Unused Layers and Data Frames

•• Make sure data projections is the same as the Data FrameMake sure data projections is the same as the Data Frame

•• Use Definition QueriesUse Definition Queries

Point, Line & Polygon renderingPoint, Line & Polygon rendering

•• PointsPoints

–– Use single layer Simple or Character markers for best performanceUse single layer Simple or Character markers for best performance

–– Use EMF instead of bitmapsUse EMF instead of bitmaps

–– Use Integer (vs. character) fields for symbol valuesUse Integer (vs. character) fields for symbol values

–– Avoid halos, complex shapes, maskingAvoid halos, complex shapes, masking


–– Avoid halos, complex shapes, maskingAvoid halos, complex shapes, masking

•• Line & PolygonsLine & Polygons

–– Use ESRI_Optimized styleUse ESRI_Optimized style

•• Outlines for all fills are simple lines instead of cartographic linesOutlines for all fills are simple lines instead of cartographic lines

•• Picture fills are EMFPicture fills are EMF--based instead of BMPbased instead of BMP--basedbased

•• Improves drawing performance by > 50%Improves drawing performance by > 50%

–– Avoid cartographic lines (also includes polygon outline!)Avoid cartographic lines (also includes polygon outline!)

ESRI_Optimized Lines and PolygonsESRI_Optimized Lines and Polygons

•• Outlines for all fills are Outlines for all fills are

simple lines instead of simple lines instead of

cartographic linescartographic lines

•• Picture fills are EMFPicture fills are EMF--


based instead of BMPbased instead of BMP--

basedbased

•• Improves drawing Improves drawing

performance by > 50%performance by > 50%

http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicname=Creating_fill_symbolshttp://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicname=Creating_fill_symbols


•• Use annotation instead of labelsUse annotation instead of labels

•• Use indexed fields (reduce label SQL query number and complexity Use indexed fields (reduce label SQL query number and complexity

when possible)when possible)

•• Use label and feature conflict weights sparinglyUse label and feature conflict weights sparingly

•• Avoid special effects (fill patterns, halos, callouts, backgrounds)Avoid special effects (fill patterns, halos, callouts, backgrounds)

Text and LabelingText and Labeling


•• Avoid very large text size (60+ pts)Avoid very large text size (60+ pts)

•• Avoid Maplex for dynamic labelingAvoid Maplex for dynamic labeling

•• Avoid overuseAvoid overuse

•• Avoid Highway SymbolsAvoid Highway Symbols

•• Use Scale DependenciesUse Scale Dependencies

Mapping Application Image SizeMapping Application Image Size

•• Map RequestMap Request

–– 600 x 400600 x 400

–– 1200 x 8001200 x 800

JPEG = 70 KBJPEG = 70 KB


–– 1200 x 8001200 x 800

•• Recommendation:Recommendation:

–– Use reasonable output image size to support application Use reasonable output image size to support application while minimizing impact to networkwhile minimizing impact to network

JPEG = 161 KBJPEG = 161 KB

Output Image TypeOutput Image Type

•• Output image sizes vary by format and data typeOutput image sizes vary by format and data type

–– 600 x 400 Example600 x 400 Example

RasterRaster

VectorVector

JPEG = 76 KBJPEG = 76 KB PNG24 = 316 KBPNG24 = 316 KB BMP = 703 KBBMP = 703 KB


VectorVector

•• Recommendation:Recommendation:–– Use appropriate output type to support application while minimizing impact to Use appropriate output type to support application while minimizing impact to

network. Generally raster data is best served in a JPEG format, while vector data is network. Generally raster data is best served in a JPEG format, while vector data is

best served in PNG format. Use PNG32 to support transparency.best served in PNG format. Use PNG32 to support transparency.

PNG24 = 30 KBPNG24 = 30 KBJPEG = 70 KBJPEG = 70 KB BMP = 703 KBBMP = 703 KB

Cached Map ServicesCached Map Services


Cached Map ServiceCached Map Service

•• Tiles preTiles pre--rendered rendered

at fixed scales at fixed scales

•• Rapid display of Rapid display of


•• Rapid display of Rapid display of

static base mapsstatic base maps

•• Richer symbols and Richer symbols and

more informationmore information

The cached images are stored on diskThe cached images are stored on disk


Example of a cached map serviceExample of a cached map service

Why cache a map?Why cache a map?

•• Which is faster?Which is faster?

–– Let the server draw the map Let the server draw the map OROR

–– Get the map image from a cache Get the map image from a cache


•• By caching, you only have to render the map once: By caching, you only have to render the map once:

When you create the cache.When you create the cache.

•• Caching is an Caching is an investmentinvestment..

Industry StandardIndustry Standard

•• Google MapsGoogle Maps

•• Microsoft Virtual EarthMicrosoft Virtual Earth

•• Yahoo! MapsYahoo! Maps

•• ArcGIS OnlineArcGIS Online

•• others…others…


•• others…others…

•• You want You want performanceperformance, , scalabilityscalability, and , and high qualityhigh quality!!

Classic Dynamic Mapping TradeClassic Dynamic Mapping Trade--OffOffQuality vs. SpeedQuality vs. Speed


•• Shaded ReliefShaded Relief

•• Transparent LayersTransparent Layers

•• Maplex LabelingMaplex Labeling

–– 1.5 Seconds1.5 Seconds

•• LowLow--res reliefres relief

•• Solid colorsSolid colors

•• AnnotationAnnotation

–– 4 Seconds4 Seconds

If you can cache your map, then there is no need to trade quality for performance!If you can cache your map, then there is no need to trade quality for performance!

What types of maps should I cache?What types of maps should I cache?

•• Base mapsBase maps

•• Maps that don’t change frequentlyMaps that don’t change frequently


•• Maps you won’t be editingMaps you won’t be editing

As long as the Cache is available As long as the Cache is available –– Map Image requests are not required Map Image requests are not required Freeing up the Server ResourcesFreeing up the Server Resources

What type of cache should I create?What type of cache should I create?

•• Fused cacheFused cache

––Includes all layers in map in one “fused” imageIncludes all layers in map in one “fused” image

––Good performanceGood performance

––Can’t toggle layers on and offCan’t toggle layers on and off


•• Multilayer cacheMultilayer cache

––Can choose groups of layers to be cached separatelyCan choose groups of layers to be cached separately

––Performance decreases with number of layer groupsPerformance decreases with number of layer groups

––Can toggle layers on and offCan toggle layers on and off

Where is my server cache directory?Where is my server cache directory?

•• If you installed all of the components of ArcGIS Server on If you installed all of the components of ArcGIS Server on

one machine, you get a server cache directory by default.one machine, you get a server cache directory by default.

•• This default server cache directory is This default server cache directory is

C:C:\\arcgisserverarcgisserver\\arcgiscachearcgiscache


•• If you installed the components of ArcGIS Server over If you installed the components of ArcGIS Server over

multiple machines, you must create a server cache multiple machines, you must create a server cache

directory in ArcCatalog or Managerdirectory in ArcCatalog or Manager

Can I still access the underlying data?Can I still access the underlying data?

•• The GIS server still has access to the data for The GIS server still has access to the data for

operations such as:operations such as:

––QueryQuery

––IdentifyIdentify

––SelectionSelection


––SelectionSelection

Designing the CacheDesigning the Cache

•• Tip:Tip: Use one tiling scheme for all caches in your organization Use one tiling scheme for all caches in your organization

–– Cache the same map area at the same set of scale levels for all caches.Cache the same map area at the same set of scale levels for all caches.

–– Ensures your fused map caches can be efficiently combined within your Ensures your fused map caches can be efficiently combined within your

end client (ArcGIS Desktop, Web Mapping Application)end client (ArcGIS Desktop, Web Mapping Application)

•• Identify Identify a set of a set of basemapsbasemaps

–– Try not to duplicate Try not to duplicate basemapsbasemaps across multiple tiling schemesacross multiple tiling schemes

•• Group layers into logical thematic mapsGroup layers into logical thematic maps


–– Aerial ImageryAerial Imagery

–– HydrographyHydrography (lakes, streams, ponds, rivers, etc.)(lakes, streams, ponds, rivers, etc.)

–– Transportation (local roads, main thoroughfares, highways, etc.)Transportation (local roads, main thoroughfares, highways, etc.)

–– LandbaseLandbase (parcels, building footprints)(parcels, building footprints)

–– ElevationElevation

•• Best performance will be achieved by blending multiple fused cached Best performance will be achieved by blending multiple fused cached map servicesmap services

••Each Layer has its own scale propertiesEach Layer has its own scale properties

••Each layer is visible within an upper Each layer is visible within an upper and lower scale thresholdand lower scale threshold

••Layers are only visible at appropriate Layers are only visible at appropriate scalescale

••Together the layers work as one mapTogether the layers work as one map

Layer VisibilityLayer Visibility

••You can define a list of scale You can define a list of scale thresholds for the entire mapthresholds for the entire map

••Use these to test the map at specific Use these to test the map at specific scales as if you were to create cachesscales as if you were to create cachesat these scalesat these scales

Map Scales (target scales)Map Scales (target scales)

Cached map design tipsCached map design tips


Tips For Large CachesTips For Large Caches

Invest First in a Small Area for all ScalesInvest First in a Small Area for all Scales

Make sure relevant data is visibleMake sure relevant data is visible

Select Appropriate Scales Select Appropriate Scales Do all the Areas Require all Scales?Do all the Areas Require all Scales?

Build Smaller Area Caches FirstBuild Smaller Area Caches First

1st level 1:16,000,000 1 tile1st level 1:16,000,000 1 tile2nd level 1:8,000,000 4 tiles2nd level 1:8,000,000 4 tiles3rd level 1:4,000,000 16 tiles3rd level 1:4,000,000 16 tiles4th level 1:2,000,000 64 tiles4th level 1:2,000,000 64 tiles5th level 1:1,000,000 256 tiles5th level 1:1,000,000 256 tiles6th level 1:500,000 1,024 tiles6th level 1:500,000 1,024 tiles


Reset your Full ExtentReset your Full Extent

Specify Extent Areas (Cities)Specify Extent Areas (Cities)

Use the Update Cache MethodUse the Update Cache Method

Create Scales First to Represent AllCreate Scales First to Represent All

Select Scales Appropriate for each AreaSelect Scales Appropriate for each Area

6th level 1:500,000 1,024 tiles6th level 1:500,000 1,024 tiles7th level 1:250,000 4,096 tiles7th level 1:250,000 4,096 tiles8th level 1:125,000 16,384 tiles8th level 1:125,000 16,384 tiles9th level 1:62,500 65,536 tiles9th level 1:62,500 65,536 tiles10th level 1:31,250 262,144 tiles10th level 1:31,250 262,144 tiles

How Many SOC Instances for Caching?How Many SOC Instances for Caching?

•• Cache generation runs as a Cache generation runs as a

“batch process” and for the “batch process” and for the

most part consumes a CPU.most part consumes a CPU.

•• Good practice is to use an Good practice is to use an

N+1 approach where number N+1 approach where number

of SOC processes should of SOC processes should

equate to the number of equate to the number of


equate to the number of equate to the number of

available CPU cores, plus available CPU cores, plus

one more.one more.

•• The additional SOC will The additional SOC will

consume any “leftconsume any “left--over” CPU over” CPU

cycles while busy SOCs are cycles while busy SOCs are

waiting on data. Too many waiting on data. Too many

SOCs will cause resource SOCs will cause resource

competition.competition.

•• Tuning Tuning and configuring servicesand configuring services–– http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.2/dotNet/manager/publishing/tuning_serhttp://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.2/dotNet/manager/publishing/tuning_ser

vices.htmvices.htm

•• Map Design Considerations for Dynamic MapsMap Design Considerations for Dynamic Maps–– http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.2/dotNet/manager/publishing/map_servihttp://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.2/dotNet/manager/publishing/map_servi

ce.htmce.htm

•• Creating Fill SymbolsCreating Fill Symbols–– http://http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicnawebhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicna

HelpHelp


–– http://http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicnawebhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?id=305&pid=297&topicna

me=Creating_fill_symbolsme=Creating_fill_symbols

•• Local HelpLocal Help

•• http://Blogs.esri.comhttp://Blogs.esri.com

•• http://webhelp.esri.comhttp://webhelp.esri.com

Questions ?Questions ?


Questions ?Questions ?

Timothy R WeisenburgerTimothy R [email protected]@esri.com

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ESRI TW BestPracticesServer ASMC