Equipping Utilities with the Skills to Face Increasing ... BERRY... · Equipping Utilities with the Skills to Face Increasing Grid Complexity ... protection, communication ... busbar

Equipping Utilities with the Skills to Face Increasing Grid Complexity

Tom Berry European Utility Week 2014

Schneider Electric 2

Smart Grids = Complex Grids

● Electrical networks are large inter-connected systems ● Traditionally managed by different organizations, each with specialists in

equipment, protection, communication, control etc

● Smart grids can add intelligence and communication everywhere

● Standards are an important step but not sufficient ● Achieving efficiency and reliable performance needs inter-disciplinary skills


ENERGY MARKET Transmission Distribution Centralised Generation

Utility network Grid users

Industry

Buildings

Data Centres

Infrastructure

Renewable Energy Plants

Consumers

Consumers Active

Active

Residential

Electric Vehicles

Smart Grids combine electrical & IT expertise plus both technical & commercial domains

Active Energy Efficiency: Energy visibility & Means to act Distributed Generation Distributed Generation

ENERGY MARKET


Modeling

Evolution of skills

Protection Measure Control & IT

Equipment

Yesterday

Protection

Measurea.t Control & IT

Equipment

Comm

Today

Remote

Comm

Field

Remote

Comm

Field

Ergonomics – Social skills


Standards as a first step

● Various international standards are addressing aspects of inter-operability within power systems ● Brings together information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT)

● The IT methodology brings the concepts of ● Use cases ● Data Models ● Services ● Service mappings to specific communication technologies and media


Smart Grid Architecture Model

● Smart grid architecture model ● Defines inter-operability layers, domains, zones and typical systems

● Data modelling is a key technique ● Sender and receiver(s) have the same understanding of the meaning of the

exchanged information ● Helps capture requirements in a non-ambiguous way ● Enables long-lasting re-usability ● Guides design and implementation ● Guides test


Smart Grid Architecture model

GenerationTransmission

DistributionDER

CustomerPremises

Process

Field

Station

Operation

Enterprise

Market

Domains

Zones

Component Layer

Communication Layer

Information Layer

Function Layer

ProtocolProtocol

Data ModelData Model

Outline of Usecase

Functions

Business Layer

Business ObjectivesPolit. / Regulat.. Framework

InteroperabilityLayers


Introducing systems

GenerationTransmission

DistributionDER

CustomerPremises

Process

Field

Station

Operation

Enterprise

Market

Domains

Zones

Component Layer

Communication Layer

Information Layer

Function Layer

ProtocolProtocol

Data ModelData Model

Outline of Usecase

Functions

Business Layer

Business ObjectivesPolit. / Regulat.. Framework

InteroperabilityLayers

Collection of systems

Mapping Chart

Components Cluster

System Chart

Comm Chart

Info Chart

UC breakdown (per system)

System Approach


Mapping Chart

Achieving interoperability involves considering the system engineering process

● Top-down ● From the requirements to the implementation ● The most robust way in the long term

● Bottom-up ● From selected components to upper

application levels ● Short term efficiency

● Mixed ● To take existing devices into account

Business Layer

Function Layer

Information Layer

Communication Layer

Component Layer


● The most stable part of your system is your requirements ● Components are there to match user’s requirements ● Formal standard languages are available to capture your requirements

in a neutral way

System tools, relying on open standards, enable you to increase dramatically the engineering process efficiency !

System life cycle Design Commissioning Maintenance Upgrade

Business Layer

Function Layer

Information Layer

Communication Layer

Component Layer


A shift in standard usage

Impl

emen

tatio

n ac

tiviti

es V

endo

rs

« S

tand

ards

sco

pe »

S

yste

m a

ctiv

ities

U

ser o

rient

ed

Testing cases Interoperability

Compliance

Requirement Architecture

UCs Requirement Architecture Use Cases

Testing cases Interoperability

Implementation & test

Specification

Top-down solution & system driven

Conventional bottom-up product-oriented

vs. Business Layer

Function Layer

Information Layer

Communication Layer

Component Layer

NEW


How to address the Smart Grids challenge efficiently ? ●  Incorporate modelling workforce expertise into

company assets. ● Secure electrical process expertise at the core of the

engineering activity, through maintainable components.

● Create standardized functional requirements for different asset types such as feeder, transformer, busbar and others.

● Clearly document all electrical system details and constraints into standardized artefacts.

● Multiply corporate intelligence into different domain-specific teams & locations.

● Construct a solid re-usable base reference model suitable for different engineering groups & activities such as purchasing, maintenance, R&D.


Modelling tools are becoming unavoidable to manage the complexity – they are just arriving

• 100% based on IEC 61850 standard • Capable to design and configure an open distributed system and its components • Inside an heterogeneous smart grid solution!

• Catch your requirements in a formal way – non ambiguous • Create templates for further efficiency • Model the communication needs • Select the components in an open world and check its fit • Configure the devices


State of the art “smart” system specification (for SAS)

1.  System Specification ● Cross-domain requirement full review ● Review/update applicable company standards

and conventional designs ● Modelling of SAS Interfaces to other systems ● Mapping of SAS Functionality ● System architecture definition ●  Implementation constraints ● Conformance requirements to IEC61850 ● Cyber-security requirements

● Deliverables : ● Word document containing the new

specification where future systems will be based on, their minimum requirements in terms of desired functions and interoperability with other systems.

● SSD file containing the substation topology and the required functions dispersed on the switchyard.

● Role based access design


State of the art “smart” system design (for SAS) 2.  System Design

● Design of virtual IEDs to host the different functions.

● Functional naming implementation definition ● UML model with time reference for the

distributed functions to be implemented. ● Generic mimic generation for the basic HMI

representation. ● Network topology, prioritization & traffic

segregation. ● Client virtualization with standard protocol

translation when applicable.

● Deliverables : ●  UML model ●  ICD file with virtual IED contents ●  SCD file with virtualized devices & clients ●  Word document containing full system pre-configuration, network & message detail, IED detailed

implementation, tables with different system details and the mapped signals ●  Word document containing the validation plan


Possible outcome of the previous stages reducing implementation risks 3.  System virtual testing

●  Based on the system design model ●  All test sheets based on the virtual implementation,

containing a step by step testing procedure to be followed during system FAT & SAT.

● Deliverables : ●  Word document containing the different test sheets and

their expected results.

4.  System pre-testing ●  Based on System Design, test the static capabilities of

selected devices model & firmware to fulfil and match the functional requirement.

●  Creation of an estimated performance report based on system design & selected devices.

● Deliverables : ●  Word document containing the test report


State of the art “smart” system integration (for SAS)

5.  System advanced Integration & interoperability test ●  Transformation of the system virtual design into reality

by incorporating the selected devices. ●  Performing an interoperability test with the selected

devices at functional level. ●  Creation of an estimated performance report based on

system implementation . ●  Perform endurance tests with selected devices

ensuring robustness & reliability.

● Deliverables : ●  Real SCD implementation file, + all IEC61850

deliverables (ICD, IID, CID) ●  Real test sheets based on device implementation ●  Word document containing the different estimated

performances ●  Word document containing the interoperability test. ●  Word document containing the endurance test result.


Conclusion

● Setting-up Smart Grids is one of the most ambitious challenges the Industry has ever had

● Data model standards and modelling are becoming the corner stone of to reach interoperability at information level.

● Standards for the core models are ready ● User groups are working on defining inter-operability profiles

● Skills and processes need to be considered ● New design tools are under development

Documents

Equipping Utilities with the Skills to Face Increasing ... BERRY... · Equipping Utilities with the Skills to Face Increasing Grid Complexity ... protection, communication ... busbar