Environmental Impact Assessment Report Faisalabad West …EIA Faisalabad West GS%26TL (Final).pdfEnvironmental Impact Assessment Report Faisalabad West GS & T/L ii 2.4.8 The Pakistan

Environmental Impact Assessment Report Faisalabad West GS & T/L

i

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................. 1

1.2 The Project ........................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Need for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study ............................... 2

1.4 Scope of Services and Approach to Carry Out the Study ............................... 2

1.4.1 Specific Tasks for the Study Team .............................................................. 3

1.4.2 Task Assignment ......................................................................................... 3

1.4.3 Resource Requirements .............................................................................. 3

1.4.4 Field Visits ................................................................................................... 3

1.4.5 Review of Legal and Administrative Framework .......................................... 4

1.4.6 Identification of Impacts ............................................................................... 5

1.4.7 Evaluation of Impacts .................................................................................. 5

1.4.8 Identification of Mitigation Measures ........................................................... 5

1.4.9 Development of Environmental Management Plan and Environmental

Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................ 5

1.5 Structure of the Report ....................................................................................... 6

2. LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ............................................... 7

2.1 General ................................................................................................................. 7

2.2 National Conservation Strategy (NCS) .............................................................. 7

2.3 Biodiversity Action Plan ..................................................................................... 7

2.4 Environment Related National Laws/ Policies .................................................. 7

2.4.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 .............................................. 8

2.4.2 Punjab Environmental Protection (Amendment) Act, 2012 .......................... 8

2.4.3 Environmental Protection Agency Review of lEE and EIA Regulations, 2000

.................................................................................................................... 9

2.4.4 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), 2000 ........................... 9

2.4.5 The Antiquities Act, 1975 ........................................................................... 10

2.4.6 The Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, and Rules, 1969 ............................ 10

2.4.7 The Factories Act, 1934............................................................................. 10


ii

2.4.8 The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 ................................................................ 11

2.4.9 The Explosives Act, 1884 .......................................................................... 11

2.4.10 National Resettlement Policy and Ordinance ........................................ 11

2.4.11 The Forestry Act, 1927 .......................................................................... 11

2.4.12 The Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and

Management) Act, 1972 ........................................................................ 11

2.4.13 The Telegraphy Act, 1910 ..................................................................... 12

2.4.14 The West Pakistan Water and Power Act, 1958 .................................... 12

2.4.15 Safety Regulations ................................................................................ 12

2.4.16 Other Regulations .................................................................................. 12

2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES ...................................................................... 12

2.5.1 Guidelines of Pakistan EPA ....................................................................... 12

2.6 International Protocols and Obligations ......................................................... 14

2.6.1 The Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals,

1979 .......................................................................................................... 14

2.6.2 The Rio Declaration, 1992 ......................................................................... 14

2.6.3 Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar Convention), 1971 ............................... 15

2.7 JICA Guidelines ................................................................................................. 15

2.1.1 JICA Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations 2010 ......... 15

2.1.2 JICA’s Involuntary Resettlement Policy ..................................................... 15

3. PROJECT DISCRIPTION............................................................................................ 18

3.1 General ............................................................................................................... 18

3.2 Faisalabad West Grid Station and Allied Transmission Line Project ........... 18

3.3 Scope of Work ................................................................................................... 18

3.4 Civil works, Equipment, Machinery and other Physical Facilities Required

for the Project ............................................................................................... 19

3.4.1 Civil Works and Other Facilities ................................................................. 19

3.4.2 Equipment & Machinery............................................................................. 19

3.5 Project Alignment .............................................................................................. 21

3.6 Design Aspects ................................................................................................. 25

3.6.1 Design Standards for Grid Station ............................................................. 25

3.6.4 Safety Parameters ..................................................................................... 26


iii

3.7 Construction Aspects ....................................................................................... 27

3.7.1 Contractor’s Arrangement .......................................................................... 27

3.7.2 Construction Schedule............................................................................... 27

3.7.3 Construction Camps .................................................................................. 27

3.7.4 Work Force ................................................................................................ 28

3.7.5 Construction Materials ............................................................................... 29

3.7.6 Work Base ................................................................................................. 31

3.8 Activities during Planning and Design Phase ................................................ 31

3.9 Activities during Construction Phase .............................................................. 32

3.10 Activities during Operation Phase ................................................................... 34

3.10.1 Foundations ........................................................................................... 35

3.10.2 Steel Works ........................................................................................... 35

3.10.3 Conductor, Overhead Ground Wire, Hardware and Insulators .............. 35

3.11 The Project Cost ................................................................................................ 36

4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................ 37

4.1 No Project Option .............................................................................................. 37

4.2 Alternatives of Location .................................................................................... 38

4.2.1 Development of Environmental Site Selection Criteria .............................. 38

4.2.2 Final Site Selection .................................................................................... 40

4.3 Alternative Construction Methods ................................................................... 40

4.4 Alternative Geometry ........................................................................................ 40

5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS .................................... 41

5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 41

5.2 Physical Environment ....................................................................................... 41

5.2.1 Topography, Geography, Geology, and Soils ............................................ 42

5.2.2 Seismology ................................................................................................ 42

5.2.3 Climate, Temperature and Rainfall ............................................................ 42

5.2.4 Groundwater Resources ............................................................................ 44

5.2.5 Surface Water Resources .......................................................................... 44

5.2.6 Ambient Air Quality .................................................................................... 44

5.2.7 Noise ......................................................................................................... 45


iv

5.3 Biological Environment .................................................................................... 46

5.3.1 Flora .......................................................................................................... 46

5.3.2 Fauna ........................................................................................................ 46

5.3.3 Protected Areas/ National Sanctuaries ...................................................... 47

5.3.4 Wetlands and Aquatic Biology ................................................................... 47

5.3.5 Game Reserves & Wildlife Sanctuaries ..................................................... 47

5.4 Socioeconomic Environment ........................................................................... 47

5.4.1 Political and Administrative Setup ............................................................. 47

5.4.2 Demographic Analysis ............................................................................... 48

5.4.3 Employment ............................................................................................... 49

5.4.4 Income Sources and Expenditure .............................................................. 50

5.4.5 Economic Infrastructure ............................................................................. 50

5.4.6 Social Infrastructure ................................................................................... 51

5.4.7 Religious, Archaeological and Historical Sites ........................................... 51

5.4.8 Gender Impacts ......................................................................................... 51

5.4.9 Village Profiles ........................................................................................... 52

6. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND DISCLOSURE ......................................... 54

6.1 Objectives of Consultation ............................................................................... 54

6.2 Consultative Aspects ........................................................................................ 54

6.3 Stakeholder’s Consultations ............................................................................ 54

6.4 Public Consultations ......................................................................................... 55

6.5 Concerns Regarding the Project ...................................................................... 58

7. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION

MEASURES ................................................................................................................ 60

7.1 General ............................................................................................................... 60

7.2 Delineation of Project Corridor of Impact (COI) .............................................. 60

7.3 Project Impact Matrix ........................................................................................ 60

7.4 Impacts during pre-construction stage ........................................................... 65

7.4.1 Impact due to Land Acquisition .................................................................. 65

7.4.2 Encroachment, Landscape and Physical Disfiguration .............................. 65

7.4.3 Loss of Crops ............................................................................................ 65


v

7.5 Impacts during Construction Stage ................................................................. 66

7.5.1 Ambient Air Quality .................................................................................... 66

7.5.2 Noise Level ................................................................................................ 67

7.5.3 Soil Erosion ............................................................................................... 68

7.5.4 Drainage .................................................................................................... 68

7.5.5 Soil Contamination .................................................................................... 69

7.5.6 Cut and Fill and Waste Disposal ................................................................ 69

7.5.7 Impact on Water Resources ...................................................................... 70

7.5.8 Flora, Trees, Ecology and Protected Areas ............................................... 71

7.5.9 Wildlife and Fauna ..................................................................................... 72

7.5.10 Impacts on Local Communities/Workforce ............................................ 72

7.5.11 Indigenous, Vulnerable and Women Headed Households .................... 73

7.5.12 Public Health and Safety Hazards ......................................................... 74

7.5.13 Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites .................................................. 75

7.5.14 Sanitation, Solid Waste Disposal, Communicable Diseases ................. 75

7.5.15 Disease Vectors .................................................................................... 75

7.6 Impacts during Operational Stages ................................................................. 76

7.6.1 Air Pollution and Noise from the Enhanced Operations ............................. 76

7.6.2 Pollution from Oily Run-Off, Fuel Spills and Dangerous Goods ................. 76

7.6.3 Impacts on Ecological Resources .............................................................. 77

7.7 Enhancements ................................................................................................... 77

7.8 Environmental and Social Risk Assessment .................................................. 77

7.8.1 Effect of Electro Magnetic Field (EMF) ...................................................... 78

7.8.2 Excessive Noise Problem .......................................................................... 78

7.8.3 Failure to Work of Electronic Devices/Equipment ...................................... 78

7.8.4 Danger to Bird Movements ........................................................................ 78

7.9 Environmental and Social Benefits of the Project .......................................... 79

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ............................... 80

8.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................... 80

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ............................................ 80

8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ........................................................ 110


vi

8.3.1 Institutional Structure for Implementation and Operation of the Project ... 110

8.3.2 Environmental and Social Monitoring by ESIC ........................................ 113

8.4 Estimated Environmental and Social Management Costs ........................... 125

9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................... 128

9.1 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................ 128

9.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................... 129


vii

List of Figures

Figure 3.1: 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station ................................................................................ 22

Figure 3.2: Transmission Line Route ................................................................................................... 23

Figure 3.3: Layout Plan of 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station ......................................................... 24

Figure 5.1: Seismic Zoning Map of Pakistan ........................................................................................ 43

Figure 8.1: NTDC’s Institutional Setup for Project Implementation .................................................... 111

Figure 8.2: Organogram of NTDC Environment and Social Impact Cell............................................. 112


viii

List of Tables

Table 2.1: Liquid Effluent Discharge Limits ......................................................................................... 13

Table 2.2: Emissions Discharge Limits ............................................................................................... 13

Table 2.3: Standards and Guidelines for Ambient Levels of Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide and

Particulate Matter (g/Nm3, unless otherwise defined) ..................................................... 14

Table 3.1: Grid Station Equipment ...................................................................................................... 19

Table 3.2: Transmission Line Equipment ............................................................................................ 20

Table 3.3: Detail of Residential Buildings ............................................................................................ 20

Table 3.4: Detail of Non-Residential Buildings .................................................................................... 21

Table 3.5: Permissible Conductor Clearance at 65o............................................................................ 25

Table 3.6: Distribution of Labor ........................................................................................................... 28

Table 3.7: Estimated Works in Grid Station ........................................................................................ 28

Table 3.8: Estimated Works on Transmission Line ............................................................................. 29

Table 3.9: Materials required for the Project ....................................................................................... 29

Table 3.10: Estimated Construction Materials for Single Tower ............................................................ 29

Table 3.11: Machinery Requirement ..................................................................................................... 30

Table 3.12: Equipment and Installation ................................................................................................. 30

Table 5.1: Laboratory results of Drinking Water near the proposed Grid Station ................................ 44

Table 5.2: Ambient Air Quality Test result of the Project area ............................................................. 45

Table 5.3: Noise Level Reference Point # 1: Proposed site 500 KV Grid Station near Chak 201JB ... 45

Table 5.4: Noise Level Reference Point # 2: Near 220 KV Grid Station Gojra Toba road ................... 45

Table 5.5: WHO Guideline Values for Community Noise in Specific Environments ............................ 45

Table 5.6: Town-Wise Distribution of Urban & Rural Population of Chiniot District ............................. 48

Table 6.1: List of Officials Consulted ................................................................................................... 55

Table 6.2: List of Public Consultations along the T/L Route Alignment ............................................... 56

Table 7.1: Project Impact Matrix for Grid Station (Before Application of Mitigation Measures) ........... 61

Table 7.2: Project Impact Matrix for Grid Station (After Application of Mitigation Measures) .............. 62

Table 7.3: Project Impact Matrix for Transmission Line (Before Application of Mitigation Measures) . 63

Table 7.4: Project Impact Matrix for Transmission Line (After Application of Mitigation Measures) .... 64

Table 7.5: National Environmental Quality Standards for Noise ......................................................... 68

Table 8.1: Environmental Management Plan ...................................................................................... 82


ix

Table 8.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan ........................................................................................ 114

Table 8.3: Estimated Environmental and Social Management Costs ................................................ 125

Table 8.4: Grievance Redress Process ............................................................................................... 127


Page 1 of 129

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

The Power Generation Capacity of Pakistan is 19,855 MW including all resources like hydal, thermal and Independent Power Producers (IPPs). The contribution of power generation through hydel, thermal and IPPs is 6461 MW, 4811 MW and 6365 MW respectively. The power generated from Thermal and IPPs sources is costly and the government as well as public cannot afford the high prices of electricity. Therefore, to generate cheap electricity, the WAPDA is endeavoring to explore the hydropower resources. In this regard, WAPDA is working on various hydropower projects including Diamer Bhasha Dam, Kurram Tangi Dam, Munda Dam, Kohala Dam, Golen-Gol Hydropower, Dasu Hydropower, Bunji Hydropower, Neelum Jhelum Hydropower, Palas Hydropower and Spatgah Hydropower projects. For dispersal of power from these hydropower projects, which are mostly located in northern part of the country, large and extensive power transmission network consisting of 500 kV, 220 kV transmission lines and grid stations will be required. All the power plants in WAPDA’s power system are operated in an integrated manner to supply power to the National Grid consisting of a large network of High Voltage and Extra High Voltage (HV & EHV) transmission lines and grid stations. National Transmission and Despatch Company (NTDC) is responsible for construction, maintenance and operation of transmission lines and grid stations of 220 kV, 500 kV and above. Due to inflow of new power, the existing system needs up gradation and installment of new grids and transmission lines. The proposed 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station and allied 40 km transmission liens is also a step towards improved energy transmission system. This document is the Environmental Impact Assessment for the construction of 500 KV Faisalabad West Grid Station with associated 500 KV and 220 KV Transmission Lines of a length of about 40 KM. The proposed Grid Station and Transmission Line are being funded by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Distribution lines and substations are included under energy projects and EIA is required by GoP for all projects involving sub transmission / distribution lines above 11 KV Transmission Lines and for Grid Stations (Schedule II).

1.2 The Project

The proposed grid station is located at Bhowana – Painsara road and transmission line 40 Km length will be connected with 220 KV Toba tek sing Grid Station located at Gojra – Toba tek sing road. The land for Grid Station about 50 acres is in process of land acquisition through Land Acquisition Act 1894. Surveys and Investigation (S&I) department of NTDC has conducted initial survey of the line route and transmission line route marking has been done on GT Sheets and Google Earth. NTDC construct three towers per kilometer, which means about 140 towers, will need to be constructed.


Page 2 of 129

1.3 Need for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study

The development projects bring about changes, both positive and negative, in the environmental and social settings of the project area. The intensity and level of change, however, depends upon the nature of the project and the baseline environmental conditions of the area. For the last four decades this aspect has gained a momentum both at official and public level. As a result of this, official regulations and laws have been promulgated for the protection and conservation of the physical, biological and social environment. The law makes it mandatory to carry out environmental assessment studies before commencement of construction activities of any project. Section 12 of Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 2012 states that “No proponent of a project shall commence construction or operation unless he has filed with the Provincial Agency an initial environmental examination or, where the project is likely to cause an adverse environmental effect, an environmental impact assessment, and has obtained from the Provincial Agency approval in respect thereof.” Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Review of IEE and EIA) Regulations, 2000 provided the guidelines for categorizing the projects. Schedule II of IEE/EIA regulation, states that any transmission line higher than 11 kV will require an EIA report. Therefore, this project falls in schedule II and thus an EIA has been prepared.

1.4 Scope of Services and Approach to Carry Out the Study

The Terms of references stipulated following major objectives of this study i.e.

a. Identify adverse environmental and social impacts associated with various project components and phases of project implementation.

b. Describe baseline environmental and social conditions of the whole project corridor.

c. Identification of environmental and social impact of the project and suggest mitigation measures.

d. To assess and establish the existing environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the Project area.

e. To implement and execute environmental safeguards considering the harmful effects due to the Project.

f. To propose mitigation and monitoring measures that can be incorporated into the design of the Project to remove or reduce the damaging effects of various factors, as far as possible, and to control and monitor, residual factors.

g. To facilitate environmental decision making. h. To facilitate an appropriate follow up process with requirements for

monitoring, management, audit and evaluation. i. To assess the proposed activities and to ensure that they comply with the

relevant environmental and social regulations and standards. j. Describe the governing national and international laws & regulatory

framework on environment and institutional arrangements. k. Prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Environmental Costs

etc. l. To prepare an EIA report as per the relevant guidelines for submittal to the

Provincial Environment Protection Department.


Page 3 of 129

1.4.1 Specific Tasks for the Study Team

Based upon the available information, a set of tasks has been conceptualized for the Project viz.

Task 1: Establishment of time frame for various Project components. Task 2: Examination and analysis of relevant environmental regulations. Task 3: Initial consultations with the relevant agencies and stakeholders. Task 4: Description of the Project and alternatives. Task 5: Description of the Environment. Task 6: Prediction and Evaluation of the impacts. Task 7: Institutional and legal aspects. Task 8: Environmental Management Action Plan. Task 9: Consultation with stakeholders. Task 10: Institutional capacity building and training.

1.4.2 Task Assignment

For timely completion of the EIA study, the field activities were planned. Careful planning ensured effective resource management and timely completion of tasks throughout the period of association. Task assignment was done according to the expertise and experience. In this context the consultant engaged a team of competent experts for conducting EIA study, which included the following persons:

Name Designation / Position

Mr. Shabir Ahmad Khan Environmental Expert (Team Leader)

Mr. Muzaffar Abbas Social Expert

Mr. Ali Salman Zafar Environmentalist/Data Collection and Data Management Specialist

1.4.3 Resource Requirements

For obtaining all available data regarding the 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station and Transmission Line project, a number of meetings were held with the officials of NTDC, concerned government and non-government agencies i.e. Forest Department, Agriculture Department, etc. The credibility of this EIA study depends on the quality and reliability of the baseline information, which was used to evaluate the impacts on existing environment. In addition, the impacts of the future development plan on the area’s environment will also be determined. The published and unpublished data were collected for assessing the environmental conditions besides direct data collection from the field.

1.4.4 Field Visits

The consultant team visited the Project site and adjoining areas frequently to collect baseline data and investigate physical, biological, and socioeconomic resources. In


Page 4 of 129

addition, meetings were held with the stakeholders and community members in the Project area to collect primary information about the Project and record their views and concerns regarding the proposed transmission line project. The rapid Social Appraisal methodology was applied to discover the facts (empirically verifiable observations or verifying the old facts) on the prevailing socio-economic and cultural conditions of the Project area. Various aspects of the physical environment probed during the survey include the followings: Physical Environment This includes a wide range of aspects viz.

General characteristics of the site

Geological/ seismological information

Soil (Particularly degree of salinity and water logging) " Topography and natural drainage

Climate (temperature, winds, precipitation and relative humidity)Incidence of flood

Surface and ground water quality

Ambient air quality (3 selected locations) Sewage effluents

Solid waste and Drainage (quantity and proposed disposal management)

Noise levels (source of noise e.g. mechanical operation, traffic on the adjoining road - monitoring of 8 hrs at three selected points)

Ecological Environment

Flora (Existing Trees and other plants)

Fauna (animals, birds, reptiles, commonly found) Socio-economic Environment

Income level

Employment/ occupation

Business/commercial (Ownership status, Encroachments) "' Education (Literacy level; Schools)

Religion/sect

Population/density

Gender ratio

Role of women

Public health (availability of sanitation, medical facilities)

Aesthetic values

Archaeological/ Historical entities

Cultural values

1.4.5 Review of Legal and Administrative Framework

The objective of the review of legal and administrative framework is to obtain information on all legislation pertaining to the Project development. The Consultant Experts reviewed the environmental policies, national, international and provincial


Page 5 of 129

laws and guidelines relevant to the Project. A synopsis of all relevant laws is included in the Report.

1.4.6 Identification of Impacts

The impacts have been identified for the methodical consideration of likely or possible significant impacts on the environment because of heavy transmission line project. The aim of this task was to assess the associated risks with these impacts. The identification of impacts is a key activity in the environmental assessment process, which is based on the professional judgment of team’s experience supported by national and international guidelines.

1.4.7 Evaluation of Impacts

Each impact identified has been evaluated against its significance in the terms of its severity and likelihood of its occurrence. The impact evaluation process was carried out to prioritize each potential impact and screen out insignificant or inconsequential impacts. The significance of the impacts has been assessed in terms of the effects on the natural ecosystem, level of public concern and conformity with legislative or statutory requirements. The assessment of the severity was to consider the nature, magnitude, extent and location, timing and duration and reversibility of the potential impact. The evaluation of the significant impacts will outline the basis for development of environmental mitigation and monitoring program.

1.4.8 Identification of Mitigation Measures

The objective of identification of mitigation measures is to identify practices, technologies or activities that would prevent or minimize all significant negative environmental impacts and propose physical and procedural controls to ensure that mitigation is effective. On the basis of the impact evaluation performed, changes or improved practices have been suggested, where practical, in the planned activities, to prevent and control unacceptable adverse impacts resulting from normal or extreme events. Monitoring requirements have been defined and institutional arrangements for monitoring have been suggested.

1.4.9 Development of Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been developed for effective implementation of the recommended mitigation measures. The EMP includes controls to minimize the identified impacts, and monitoring program to monitor residual impacts, if any, during the operation. The EMP also describes procedures to be followed during the operation of the Project and identify roles and responsibilities of all concerned personnel, including reporting in the operational phase. Together


Page 6 of 129

with Environmental Management Plan, an Environmental Monitoring Plan has been framed to ensure that all the corrective actions to counter the adverse environmental impacts have been taken.

1.5 Structure of the Report

The Environmental Impact Assessment Report comprises of nine chapters and annexes. Chapter 1, Introduction; gives an introduction of the Project, scope of work for Environmental Impact Assessment, Approach and methodology, the study team etc. Chapter 2, Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework; provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation that applies to the proposed project. The project is expected to comply with all national/provincial legislation relating to environment in Pakistan, and to obtain all the required regulatory clearances. It also deals with the requirements of international agencies and other international protocols for protection of biodiversity for which Pakistan has firm commitment. Chapter 3, Description of the Project; gives a rather detailed account of the Project particularly emphasizing those project components which are of importance in relation with environmental and social aspects. Chapter 4, Analysis of Alternatives; describes the analysis of alternatives, which could be site alternative, design or technology alternatives. Chapter 5, Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions; provides information about the environmental and social settings of the project area, geology, climate, flora, fauna, water resources, socioeconomic conditions etc. Chapter 6, Stakeholders and Public Consultations; deals with the outcome of the consultation carried out with the local communities, knowledgeable people, public representatives, etc. It discusses the concern of various tires of the people and provides an outline how these have been addressed within the EIA of the project. Chapter 7, Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures; identifies the potential impacts due to the implementation of 500 kV grid station and allied transmission lines on the physical, biological and social environment of the Project Area. Chapter 8, Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans; outlines the environmental management plan, identifies the roles and responsibilities to implement EMP, suggest monitoring frequencies of various parameters, environmental costs etc. Chapter 9, Conclusions and Recommendations; sums up the report and conclusions and recommendations resulting from the study.


Page 7 of 129

2. LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

2.1 General

The enactment of comprehensive legislation on the environment, covering multiple areas of concern, is a relatively new and ongoing phenomenon in Pakistan. However, a basic policy and legislative framework for the protection of the environment and overall biodiversity in the country are now in place. The Project is expected to comply with all legislations relating to environment in vogue in Pakistan.

2.2 National Conservation Strategy (NCS)

The National Conservation Strategy (NCS) is the first policy document (approved by the federal cabinet in March 1992) that pledged to balance Pakistan economic development with the conservation of natural resources. Underlying goal of this document is that all economic and statutory development in the country should be such that it does not conflict with the interests of nature conservation. The NCS outlines the country’s primary approach towards encouraging sustainable development, conserving natural resources, and improving efficiency in the use and management of resources. The NCS has 68 specific programs in 14 core areas in which policy intervention is considered crucial for the preservation of Pakistan’s natural and physical environment. The core areas that are relevant in the context of the proposed project are pollution prevention and abatement, restoration of rangelands, increasing energy efficiency, conserving biodiversity, supporting forestry and plantations, and the preservation of cultural heritage. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 is the basic legislative tool empowering the government to frame regulations for the protection of the environment. The policy, laws, regulations and standards relevant to the project, in the context of environmental protection are described in the following sections.

2.3 Biodiversity Action Plan

Pakistan is a signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity, and is thereby obligated to develop a national strategy for the conservation of biodiversity. The Government of Pakistan has constituted a Biodiversity working group under the auspices of the Ministry of Environment, Local Government and Rural Development to develop a Biodiversity Action Plan for the country. After an extensive consultative exercise, a draft Action Plan has been developed. The plan which has been designed to complement the NCS and the proposed provincial conservation strategies identifies the causes of biodiversity loss in Pakistan and suggests a series of proposals for action to conserve biodiversity in the country.

2.4 Environment Related National Laws/ Policies

Pakistan has a number of laws concerned with the management and protection of the environment. Most of the existing laws on environmental issues were enforced over an extended period of time, and are context-specific. These laws are old and do not cover all the environmental issues. The penalties under these laws are very


Page 8 of 129

small, that becomes ineffective to control the environmental degradation. However, the enactment of comprehensive legislation on the environment, in the form of an act of parliament, has been promulgated as PEPA, 1997.

2.4.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (the Act) is the basic legislative tool empowering the government to frame regulations for the protection of the environment. The Act is applicable to a broad range of issues and extends to air, water, soil, marine and noise pollution, as well as the handling of hazardous waste. The discharge or emission of any effluent, waste, air pollutant or noise in an amount, concentration or level in excess of the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) specified by the Pakistan environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) has been prohibited under the Act, and penalties have been prescribed for those contravening the provisions of the Act. The powers of the Federal and Provincial Environmental Protection Agencies (EPAs), established under the Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance 1983, have also been considerably enhanced under this legislation and they have been given the power to conduct inquiries into possible breaches of environmental law either of their own accord, or upon the registration of a complaint. The requirement for environmental assessment is laid out in Section 12 (1) of the Act. Under this section, no project involving construction activities or any change in the physical environment can be undertaken unless an Initial Environmental Examination (lEE) or an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is conducted, and approval is accorded by the Federal or Provincial EPAs. The section 12(6) of the act states that this provision is applicable only to such categories of projects as Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of lEE and EIA Regulations, 2000 (the Regulations); and are discussed hereinafter.

2.4.2 Punjab Environmental Protection (Amendment) Act, 2012

After 18th Constitutional Amendment in the Constitution of Pakistan, the Federal Ministry of Environment has been dissolved and subject of environment has been handed over to provinces. EPA Punjab has formulated its own act. The major content of the act is same as of PEPA, 1997. Minor amendments/changes have been made viz.

The Name of Act has been changed into “Punjab Environmental Protection (Amendment) Act, 2012”.

For the words “Federal Government”, wherever occur, the word “Government” shall be substituted;

For the words “Federal Agency”, wherever occur, the words “Provincial Agency” shall be substituted; and

For the word “National”, wherever occurs, the word “Punjab” shall be substituted.

All the other clauses, sub-clauses, sections and sub-sections are almost same.


Page 9 of 129

2.4.3 Environmental Protection Agency Review of lEE and EIA Regulations, 2000

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of lEE and EIA Regulations, 2000 (the Regulations) prepared by the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) under the powers conferred upon it by the Act, provide the necessary details on preparation, submission and review of the lEE and the EIA. Categorization of projects for lEE and EIA is one of the main components of the Regulations. Projects have been classified on the basis of expected degree of adverse environmental impacts. Project types listed in Schedule-I are designated as potentially less damaging to the environment and those listed in Schedule-II as having potentially serious adverse effects. Schedule-I projects require a lEE to be conducted, provided they are not located in environmentally sensitive areas. For the schedule-II projects, conducting an EIA is necessary. The Project falls in the schedule-II, Section-A Energy, hence an EIA has been conducted. Since the project is located in Punjab, therefore it falls in the jurisdiction of Punjab-EPA. Salient features of the regulation, relevant to the proposed Project are listed below: i. Categories of projects requiring lEE and EIA are issued through two schedules

attached with the Regulations. ii. A fee, depending on the cost of the project, has been imposed for review of EIA

and lEE. iii. The submittal is to be accompanied by an application in prescribed format

included as schedule IV of the Regulations. iv. The EPA is bound to conduct a preliminary scrutiny and reply within 10 days of

submittal of report a) confirming completeness, b) asking for additional information, or c) requiring additional studies.

v. The EPA is required to make every effort to complete the review process for IEE within 45 days and of the EIA within 90 days, of issue of confirmation of completeness.

vi. EPAs accord their approval subject to following conditions:

Before commencing construction of the project, the proponent is required to submit an undertaking accepting the conditions.

Before commencing operation of the Project, the proponent is required to obtain from EPA a written confirmation of compliance with approved conditions and requirements of the EIA.

vii. An EMP is required to be submitted with the request for obtaining confirmation of compliance.

viii. The EPAs are required to issue confirmation of compliance within 15 days of receipt of request and complete documentation.

ix. The EIA approval will be valid for three years from the date of accord. x. A monitoring report is required to be submitted to the EPA after completion of

construction, followed by annual monitoring reports during operations.

2.4.4 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), 2000

The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), promulgated under the PEPA 1997, specify the following standards:

Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (32 parameters) in municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters, sewage treatment facilities, and the sea (three separate sets of numbers).


Page 10 of 129

Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseous emissions from industrial sources.

Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (two parameters) in gaseous emissions from vehicle exhaust.

Maximum allowable noise levels from vehicles. These standards apply to the gaseous emissions and liquid effluents discharged by batching plants, campsites and construction machinery. The standards for vehicles will apply during the construction as well as operation phase of the project. The standards are attached as Annex-I.

2.4.5 The Antiquities Act, 1975

The Antiquities Act of 1975 ensures the protection of cultural resources in Pakistan. The act is designed to protect antiquities from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful excavation, trade and export. Antiquities have been defined in the Act as ancient products of human activity, historical sites, or sites of anthropological or cultural interest, national monuments, etc. The law prohibits new construction in the proximity of a protected antiquity and empowers the Government of Pakistan to prohibit excavation in any area that may contain articles of archaeological significance. Under the Act, the project proponents are obligated to: Ensure that no activity is undertaken in the proximity of a protected antiquity, and If during the course of the Project an archaeological discovery is made, it should

be reported to the Department of Archaeology, Government of Pakistan.

2.4.6 The Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, and Rules, 1969

The Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, has been extended with effect from March 05, 1978, to the whole of Pakistan. It deals with the licensing requirement for driving; powers of licensing authority, Regional Transport Authority and those of Court vis-à-vis disqualification for license and registration requirements to control road transport; compensations for the death of or injury to a passenger of public carrier; powers of Road Transport Corporation; traffic rules, power to limit speed, weight, use of vehicles; power to erect traffic signs; specific duties of drivers in case of accident and powers of police officers to check and penalize traffic offenders.

2.4.7 The Factories Act, 1934

The pertinent clauses of the Act are those that deal with health, safety and welfare of the workers, disposal of solid waste and effluent, and damage to private and public property. It also deals with the regulations for handling and disposing of toxic and hazardous materials. As the construction activity has also been classified as an ‘industry’, the regulations will be applicable to the Contractors.


Page 11 of 129

2.4.8 The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860

The Act deals with the offences where public or private properties and human lives are affected due to intentional or accidental misconduct of an individual or a mass of people. It also addresses violation to any law of the country.

2.4.9 The Explosives Act, 1884

It provides regulations for handling, transportation and use of explosives. The contractors have to abide by the regulation during quarrying, blasting and for other purposes.

2.4.10 National Resettlement Policy and Ordinance

At this point, the only legislation relating to land acquisition and compensation is the Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894. The LAA is, however, limited to a cash compensation policy for the acquisition of land and built-up property, and damage to other assets, such as crops, trees, and infrastructure. The LAA does not consider the rehabilitation and resettlement of disrupted populations and the restoration of their livelihoods. Experience with large-scale infrastructure development projects implemented by institutions such as the Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and National Highway Authority (NHA) has demonstrated the need for a cohesive national policy for resettlement. In spite of the fact that a National Resettlement Policy and related legislation has been drafted, it has not been officially notified. In the absence of this, the NTDC has its own system for payments for loss of trees and crops. The payments are made at three stages i.e. one at foundation stage, second at tower erection stage and third at wire stringing stage.

2.4.11 The Forestry Act, 1927

The Forestry Act, 1927; empowers the government to declare certain areas reserved forest. As no reserved forest exists in the vicinity of the proposed subproject, this law will not affect to the proposed subproject.

2.4.12 The Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act, 1972

The Punjab Wildlife Protection Ordinance, 1972; empowers the government to declare certain areas reserved for the protection of wildlife and control activities within in these areas. It also provides protection to endangered species of wildlife. As no activities are planned in these areas, no provision of this law is applicable to the proposed subproject.


Page 12 of 129

2.4.13 The Telegraphy Act, 1910

This Act was promulgated for installation of telegraph poles and stringing. This Act makes a provision of installing poles/towers without acquiring any land. However, provision is there for temporary acquisition of land during the construction period. As such, compensation is made for the loss of crop for a specific period.

2.4.14 The West Pakistan Water and Power Act, 1958

This Act authorizes WAPDA to construct and operate electrical transmission lines with powers and obligations of a licensee under the Telegraphy Act 1910. This Act also establishes policy for land acquisition and compensation, as well as the degree of liability of WAPDA for damages sustained by landowners or others.

2.4.15 Safety Regulations

Following laws and regulations directly or indirectly govern the occupational health and safety issues during the currently studied production activities: PEPA Laws, 2000 Labor Laws Electricity Rules, 1937

2.4.16 Other Regulations

Other regulations which could be relevant to this project include:

The Forest Act 1927. Rules for Prohibition and Regulation of Fishing Burboster, Labeo Rohita,

Catlcatla, Cirrhina, and Mirgala less than 10 inches in length. (No. 2989/54-6541-D (f), 1954.

West Pakistan Land Reform Rules, 1959. West Pakistan Land Reforms Regulation, 1959, MLR No. 64. West Pakistan Wildlife Protection Ordinance 1959. Wildlife Protection Rules 1960. The Land Acquisition Act 1984. Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act 1992.

2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES

2.5.1 Guidelines of Pakistan EPA

Sets of environmental guidelines to facilitate environmental assessment studies have been developed under the statutory cover of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. The following guidelines have been developed through a consultative process: Guidelines for the preparation and review of environmental reports Guidelines for Public Consultations Guidelines for sensitive and critical areas


Page 13 of 129

Sectoral Guidelines Table - 2.1 and 2.2 depicts the maximum discharge limits of pollutants for liquid effluents and gaseous emissions. Ambient air quality standards are provided as Table 2.3.

Table 2.1: Liquid Effluent Discharge Limits

Parameter Oil and Gas Production (Onshore)

Other Industry

pH 6-9 6-9

BOD5 50 mg/l 30 mg/l

COD - 150 mg/l

Total Suspended Solids 50 mg/l 30 mg/l

Oil and Grease 20 mg/l 10 mg/l

Chromium (Hexavalent) - 0.1 mg/l

Chromium (total) - 0.5 mg/l

Lead - 0.1 mg/l

Phenol 1 mg/l 0.5 mg/l

Benzene - 0.05 mg/l

Benzo(a)pyrene - 0.05 mg/l

Sulfide 1 mg/l 1 mg/l

Nitrogen (total) - 10 mg/l

Cyanide (total) 0.2 mg/l -

Total Toxic Metals 5 mg/l -

Temperature Increase <3oC <3oC

Table 2.2: Emissions Discharge Limits

Parameter Oil and Gas Production (Onshore)

Other Industry

Volatile Organic Compounds (including benzene)

20 mg/Nm3 -

Hydrogen Sulfide 30 mg/Nm3 152 mg/Nm3

Sulfur Oxides (for oil production) 1,000 mg/Nm3 -

Sulfur Oxides (for sulfur recovery units) - 150 mg/Nm3

Sulfur Oxides (for combustion units) - 500 mg/Nm3

Nitrogen oxides (gas fired) 320 mg/Nm3 -

Nitrogen oxides (oil fired) 460 mg/Nm3 -

Nitrogen oxides (excluding catalytic units) - 460 mg/Nm3

Particulate matter - 50 mg/Nm3

Odor at the receptor end Not offensive -

Nickel And vanadium (combined) - 2 mg/Nm3


Page 14 of 129

Table 2.3: Standards and Guidelines for Ambient Levels of Nitrogen Oxides,

Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate Matter (g/Nm3, unless otherwise defined)

Pollutant Agency Annual Average

24-hr Average

1-hr Average

Nitrogen Oxides

EU (1985) 200 - -

USEPA (1992) 100 - -

WHO (1977) - - 190-230

WHO for Europe (1987)

- 150 400

Sulfur Oxides EU (1985) 80-120 250-350 -

USEPA (1992) 80 365 -

WHO (1977) 40-60 100-150 -


50 125 350

Particulates EU (1985) 80 (BS) 150 (TSP)

250 (BS) 300 (TSP)

-

USEPA (1992) 50 (PM10) 150 (PM10) -

WHO (1977) 40-60 (BS) 60-90 (TSP)

100-150 (BS) 150-230 (TSP)

-


50 (BS) 70 (PM10) 125 (BS)

120 SP) -

2.6 International Protocols and Obligations

As Pakistan is a member of a number of international organizations like United Nations Organization (UNO), Organization of Islamic Countries (OIC), South Asian Association for Regional Corporation (SAARC), Economic Corporation Organization (ECO), etc., so it has to follow the international protocols and obligations related to the environmental perspective. The protocols and obligations related to the proposed project are as under:

2.6.1 The Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, 1979

The Convention requires the countries to take action to avoid endangering migratory species. Species covered in the Convention should be given special attention during EIA and monitoring, and any impacts identified should be mitigated to acceptable levels.

2.6.2 The Rio Declaration, 1992

The Rio Declaration comprises twenty seven principles which address such important issues as; sustainable development to integrate environmental protection into the development process; common but differentiated responsibilities to conserve, protect and restore the earth’s ecosystems; public participation and


Page 15 of 129

information access at the national level, reduce and eliminate unsustainable patterns of production and consumption.

2.6.3 Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar Convention), 1971

The broad aim of the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) is to halt the worldwide loss of wetlands and to conserve those that remain through wise use and technology transfer. Contracting Parties have made commitments to:

Designate at least one site that meets the Ramsar criteria for inclusion in the list of Wetlands of International Importance.

Protect the ecological character of listed sites.

Include wetlands conservation within their national land-use planning.

Establish nature reserves on wetlands and promote wetland training.

2.7 JICA Guidelines

2.1.1 JICA Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations 2010

JICA Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations 2010, are to encourage project proponents etc. to have appropriate consideration for environmental and social impacts, as well as ensure that JICA support for and examination of environmental and social consideration are conducted accordingly. The guidelines outline JICA responsibilities and procedures, along with its requirements for project proponents etc, in order to facilitate the achievement of these objectives. In doing so, JICA endeavors to ensure transparency, predictability and accountability in its support for and examination of environmental and social considerations.

2.1.2 JICA’s Involuntary Resettlement Policy

The JICA guidelines for environmental and social considerations are applicable to this project subject to provisions in this E IA report. The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been also developed in accordance with the requirements of the JICA on Involuntary Resettlement. The involuntary resettlement may cause severe long-term socioeconomic hardships, impoverishment and environmental damages unless appropriate measures are carefully planned and carried out. The key principle of JICA policies on involuntary resettlement is summarized below.

i. Involuntary resettlement and loss of means of livelihood are to be avoided when feasible by exploring all viable alternatives.

ii. When, population displacement is unavoidable, effective measures to minimize the impact and to compensate for losses should be taken.

iii. People who must be resettled involuntarily and people whose means of livelihood will be hindered or lost must be sufficiently compensated and supported, so that they can improve or at least restore their standard of living, income opportunities and Production levels to pre-project levels.


Page 16 of 129

iv. Compensation must be based on the full replacement cost as much as possible.

v. Compensation and other kinds of assistance must be provided prior to displacement.

vi. For projects that entail large-scale involuntary resettlement, resettlement action plans must be prepared and made available to the public. It is desirable that the resettlement action plan include elements laid out in the World Bank Safeguard Policy, OP 4.12.

vii. In preparing a resettlement action plan, consultations must be held with the affected people and their communities based on sufficient information made available to them in advance. When consultations are held, explanations must be given in a form, manner, and language that are understandable to the affected people.

viii. Appropriate participation of affected people must be promoted in planning, implementation, and monitoring of resettlement action plans.

ix. Appropriate and accessible grievance mechanisms must be established for the affected people and their communities.

x. Above principles are complemented by World Bank OP 4.12, since it is stated in JICA Guideline that “JICA confirms that projects do not deviate significantly from the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies”. Additional key principle based on World Bank OP 4.12 is as follows.

xi. Affected people are to be identified and recorded as early as possible in order to establish their eligibility through an initial baseline survey (including population census that serves as an eligibility cut-off date, asset inventory, and socioeconomic survey), preferably at the project identification stage, to prevent a subsequent influx of encroachers of others who wish to take advance of such benefits.

xii. Eligibility of Benefits include, the PAPs who have formal legal rights to land (including customary and traditional land rights recognized under law), the PAPs who don't have formal legal rights to land at the time of census but have a claim to such land or assets and the PAPs who have no recognizable legal right to the land they are occupying.

xiii. Preference should be given to land-based resettlement strategies for displaced persons whose livelihoods are land-based.

xiv. Provide support for the transition period (between displacement and livelihood restoration.

xv. Particular attention must be paid to the needs of the vulnerable groups among those displaced, especially those below the poverty line, landless, elderly, women and children, ethnic minorities etc.

xvi. For projects that entail land acquisition or involuntary resettlement of fewer than 200 people, abbreviated resettlement plan is to be prepared.

xvii. In addition to the above core principles on the JICA policy, it also laid emphasis on a detailed resettlement policy inclusive of all the above points; project specific resettlement plan; institutional framework for implementation; monitoring and evaluation mechanism; time schedule for implementation; and, detailed Financial Plan etc. The Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations (hereafter, the “new Guidelines”) and the Objection Procedures based on the Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations (hereafter, the new “Objection Procedures”) were put into effect on July 1, 2010. Description of “replacement cost” is as follows:


Page 17 of 129

Land in Urban Areas- The pre-displacement market value of land of equal size and use, with similar or improved public infrastructure facilities and services and located in the vicinity of the affected land, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes.

Houses and Other Structures- The market cost of the materials to build a replacement structure with an area and quality similar or better than those of the affected structure, or to repair a partially affected structure, plus the cost of transporting building materials to the construction site, plus the cost of any labor and contractors’ fees, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes.


Page 18 of 129

3. PROJECT DISCRIPTION

3.1 General

This Chapter provides an overview of the project including the proposed Grid Station and associated TL, project components, design considerations, construction procedures, operation and maintenance activities. The safety parameters to be followed by NTDC (WAPDA) during construction and operation stages as well as construction arrangements and procedures to be adopted for Grid Station have been discussed in detail in this section.

3.2 Faisalabad West Grid Station and Allied Transmission Line Project

The Grid Station is located at Bhowana – Painsara road District Chiniot of Punjab Province. While allied Transmission Line is about 40 KM in length to be connected with 220 KV Toba Teksing Grid Station. The main objectives of the project are:

Increase in the available system capacity to meet future load growth at/around proposed project.

Improvement in voltage profile at/around the proposed Faisalabad west substation, especially in the 132 kV network of FESCO.

Reduction in the loading of transformers at 500 kV Gatti and 220 kV substations of Jaranwala Road, Nishatabad and Summandri Road.

Improvement in reliability of NTDCL and FESCO system networks.

Improvement in power supply position of FESCO.

3.3 Scope of Work

The project involves following major components:

A 500/220/132kV Substation Faisalabad West with two 500/220kV, 750MVA and three 220/132kV, 250MVA transformers along with allied equipment and accessories.

500 kV double circuit transmission line on quad bundled Drake conductor for looping in/out of existing 500 kV Muzaffargarh-Gatti S/C at 500 kV Faisalabad West (2 km).

220 kV double circuit transmission line on twin bundled Rail conductor from 500 kV Faisalabad West to T.T Singh (38 km).

Extension at existing 220 kV T.T Singh substation for construction of two 220 kV line bays at T.T Singh.

A layout plans has been depicted in Fig. 3.3.


Page 19 of 129

3.4 Civil works, Equipment, Machinery and other Physical Facilities Required for the Project

3.4.1 Civil Works and Other Facilities

Basic infrastructure facilities including civil work foundations for installation of equipment, control room buildings & other associated residential & non-residential buildings and cable trenches etc. will be required, for which necessary provision has been made in the cost estimate.

3.4.2 Equipment & Machinery

List of equipment required for 500 kV Substation along with associated transmission line is listed below:

Table 3.1: Grid Station Equipment

Sr. No. Item

Unit

Qty.

Equipment for 500kV Substation Faisalabad West

A 500 kV equipment

I Circuit Breaker Set 6

Ii Bus Isolator Set 14

Iii Line Isolator Set 2

Iv CT No. 24

V CCVT No. 10

Vi 500/220kV, 750MVA Auto T/F No. 2

Vii Lightning arrestor No. 12

B 220 kV equipment




Iv CT No. 42

V CVT No. 13

Vi 220/132kV, 250MVA Auto T/F No. 3


C 132 kV equipment




Iv CT No. 48

V PT No. 15

Vi 132/11kV 6.3MVA Aux. T/F No. 1



Page 20 of 129

Sr. No. Item

Unit

Qty.

Equipment for Extension at 220 kV T.T Singh

D 220 kV equipment




Iv CT No. 12

V CVT No. 6

Vi Lightning arrestor No. 6

Table 3.2: Transmission Line Equipment

Sr. No. Item Unit Qty.

A 500 kV D/C Transmission Line for In/Out of 500 kV Muzaffargarh – Gatti S/C at Faisalabad West

I Towers No. 6

Ii Conductor (Drake) Km 50

Iii Shield Wire Km 2

Iv OPGW Km 2

V Insulator No. 3000

Vi Hardware Lot 1

B 220 kV D/C Transmission Line from Faisalabad West to T.T Singh

I Towers No. 136

Ii Conductor (Rail) Km 567

Iii OPGW Km 47

V Insulator No. 27374

Vi Hardware Lot 1

physical facilities to be installed at this project are provided in Table 3.3 and 3.4.

Table 3.3: Detail of Residential Buildings

Residential Building

Type No Cov.Area Rate/sqft Total

I 1 3000 1800 5.40

II 3 2500 1800 13.50

III 8 1500 1800 21.60

IV 10 1000 1800 18.00

V 15 606 1800 16.36

Sub-Total 74.86

20% for elec.,severage etc 14.97

Total 89.83


Page 21 of 129

Table 3.4: Detail of Non-Residential Buildings

3.5 Project Alignment

As the project is on ‘Turn-key’ basis i.e. construction by a contractor/ developer and turn-over to NTDC in a ready-to-use condition, which includes design, supply and installation. In this context, the proposed design provided by NTDC will be finalized by the contractor at the stage of implementation. However, the NTDC has launched the land acquisition process and Section-4, 5 and 5A have been implemented. The Survey & Investigation (S&I) wing of NTDC has marked the route alignment of transmission line on G.T. Sheet (Annex-II). This EIA has been prepared on the basis of this route. The existing land use of the Grid Station and transmission line is mostly agricultural land with some riverine areas. Route alignment

In addition to the new grid station, construction of 40 km connecting transmission line from new Faisalabad West substation to existing Toba Tek Sing 220 kV Substation passes through Chaks Jhang Branch are 306,300,299,352,416,415, Chak Chatta and Pinnernkay villages belonging to districts Chinot and Toba Tek Singh. There will be installation of 120 towers on the line, i.e. each tower will be erected at a distance of 333 m as reported by Survey & Investigation Section of NTDC. Width of RoW

In consultation with the Survey & Investigation section of NTDC and the E&SIC (PMU), NTDC, the width of RoW for T/L considered was 30 m, i.e. 15 m on either side from the center of transmission line and it was 225 m2 (i.e. 15m x15m) in case of tower spotting.

Non-Residential buildings

Type No. Cov.Area Rate/sqft Total

Office 1 2550 1800 4.59

Control Room 1 2550 1800 4.59

Battery Room 1 2550 1800 4.59

Diesel Gen. Room 1 2550 1800 4.59

Relay Room 1 2550 1800 4.59

Mosque 1 5800 1800 10.44

Total 33.39


Page 22 of 129

Figure 3.1: 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station


Page 23 of 129

Figure 3.2: Transmission Line Route


Page 24 of 129

Figure 3.3: Layout Plan of 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station


Page 25 of 129

3.6 Design Aspects

3.6.1 Design Standards for Grid Station

The layout plan of a substation which involves various installations of equipment, control room and ancillary facilities are standardized by NTDC. The design of associated Transmission Line is based on following parameters (See Table 3.5).

Table 3.5: Permissible Conductor Clearance at 65o

S. No.

Description Clearance (m)

1 Cultivated land traversed by vehicles 6.7

2 Roads and Streets 7.9

3

Communication and Power lines:

Power lines up to 66 KV

Power lines up to 33 KV

2.7 2.7

4 Highways 7.9

5 Railroads 7.9

6 Electrified railroad trolley wire 3.85

7 River at high flood 9.1

8 Places accessible to pedestrians only 7.9

9 Building roofs not accessible to people 5.2

10 Top of trees (Orchards) 5

11 Canals 9.1

NTDC has developed design parameters for the planning and design of transmission systems in Pakistan. The design parameters are based on standard NTDC’s existing specifications and practices for the existing as well as proposed Grid Stations and transmission lines. The parameters considered for the system and human safety are described below in detail. 3.6.2 Climatic Consideration Local climatic conditions, i.e. the temperature, wind velocity, thunder storm levels, relative humidity, etc., control the selection of materials to be used. The following climate parameters were considered in the design criteria.

Maximum Temperature 41.5oC Minimum Temperature 2.1oC Annual Mean temperature 29.6oC (maximum) to 14.6oC (minimum) Maximum Rainfall 420 mm/month Annual Relative Humidity 60.1%

3.6.3 Tower Structures for Associated Transmission Line All the towers shall be self-supporting type, lattice steel structures, fabricated from galvanized structural steel shapes. The steel employed will be in accordance with the latest edition of the standards. All towers will be equipped with danger plates, number plates and anti-climbing devices. Various tower designs to be used are attached as Annex-III.


Page 26 of 129

3.6.4 Safety Parameters

For EHV lines, safety considerations are of two types. One is related with the safety of the system, while others are those that are related to the public. It is for this reason that NTDC (WAPDA) has adopted a 50 m wide (25 m either side from the centerline) corridor as the ROW for the allied 500 KV transmission line and 30 m for 220 KV Transmission line in this Project. The aspects are to be considered in this regard are as under: (a) System Safety Conductor to Tower Clearance: For the safety of the system, it is imperative that any factor that may interrupt the power supply should be considered in the design. The clearance of the conductor from tower legs and trusses is of prime importance. Therefore, in the design, a minimum clearance of 1.55 m has been adopted under extreme wind conditions. This is based on regulations of GOP/WAPDA and minimum requirements of National Electric Safety Code (ANSI C2). With this clearance, there is 99% probability of withstanding switching surge of 3-sigma margin due to maximum over voltage under adverse climatic conditions. Earthing of the System: Every tower is connected to an earthing system. This is to keep tower footings resistance at a level lower than 10 ohms. For this, two earth electrodes of copper-clad steel rods are sunk vertically into the ground to a minimum depth of 3 m and the locations where the required resistance not achieved crow footing will be done. Lightning Performance: The tower geometry, clearance and insulation of the system are designed to perform safely within the permitted lightning intensities. In this respect, consideration has been given to the tower footing resistance and Isokeraunic level of the area. The accepted level is one tripout/ 100 km/ year due to lightning. Security Arrangements: Given the prevailing law and order and security position in the area around the proposed project area, necessary armed security staff is necessary. Reinforced security will be required at work base, labor camp, material depot, equipment yard and the locations where work is in progress. Work Uniform and Health and Safety Equipment: Grid Station and allied transmission line construction is a special job and the labor working on such works requires special protective uniform and personal protection equipment to cope up with safety and health requirements. It will be ensured that the labor engaged in handling rough construction materials, mixing of concrete and handling transmission lines etc. shall have long boots, overall dresses, goggles, gloves and safety hats. They will invariably have their company Identity Cards worn around their necks with the help of a ribbon. As an overall Safety, Health and Environment measure, any one going into the construction area will also wear safety helmet and safety shoes. Special arrangements must be made for Fire Protection by way of providing


Page 27 of 129

appropriate type of fire extinguishers with firefighting training to concerned personnel. (b) Public Safety General Aspects: In view of public safety, NTDC has adopted a policy such that, the existing orchards having fruit trees with a height of not exceeding 2.5 m are allowed to remain under the lines. Similarly, open wells, including Persian wheels, are allowed to remain under the transmission lines. However, tube wells and peter pumps are not permitted under the high voltage conductors. This is for the reason that piping and cranes used to refurbish such wells could come in contact with the lines. No residential or other public buildings like factory, school, hospital, etc. are permitted within the corridor. However, farm buildings, which are not used for residential purposes are allowed to remain under the high voltage lines, provided a 7.0 m minimum clearance is maintained. The height of the towers can be increased to accommodate such buildings. Conductor to Ground Clearance: The conductor to ground clearance is desirable to be worked out based on over voltage due to switching surge. In this consideration, safe clearance is required to be provided for moving objects under the line with a height of 4.5 m, withstanding switching surge of 3-sigma margin with 99.7% probability under adverse atmospheric conditions. This should keep the maximum voltage gradient at ground level and maximum current induced in a person less than the internationally allowable values. As such, the total conductor to ground clearance shall in no way be less than 7.0 meters. This is in accordance with the regulations of Government of Pakistan (GOP) and NTDC practice.

3.7 Construction Aspects

3.7.1 Contractor’s Arrangement

NTDC has planned to implement the Project through Local Contract Bidding.

3.7.2 Construction Schedule

If all the processing goes on as per the schedule, the construction of Faisalabad West Grid Station and associated Transmission lines will likely be commenced end of, 2016 and completed by December, 2018. In case any unavoidable delays at the outset or during construction phase do take place, the envisaged completion date of the project will slide forward accordingly.

3.7.3 Construction Camps

Camp sites will be located keeping in view the availability of an adequate area for establishing camps, including parking areas for machinery, stores and workshops,


Page 28 of 129

access to communication and local markets, and an appropriate distance from the sensitive areas in the vicinity. Best locations will be inside the fenced Grid Station campus. Although majority of labor will come from local sources, some semi-skilled and skilled labor will have to be bought from outside by the contractor. Final locations will be selected by the contractors with the approval of site Engineer’s in-charge and Environment Cell of NTDC.

3.7.4 Work Force

The Project involves many construction activities. For the purpose of ease, the activities involved in the construction of Grid Station and allied Transmission Line will required a team of diversified workers. The type of staff required is enlisted as below.

Site In-charge

Site Engineer

Supervisor

Foreman Assistant Foreman

Surveyors

Skilled Workers Semi-skilled Workers

Unskilled / Helpers

Drivers The contractor shall be contractually bound to employ maximum local people except on the job for which local expertise is not available. Keeping in view the experience of WAPDA and NTDC on construction of similar Grid Stations and allied transmission lines, the local labor sharing can be illustrated as given in Table 3.3 given below.

Table 3.6: Distribution of Labor

Type of Labor Local Non-Local Total

Skilled 20% 80% 100%

Semi-skilled 60% 40% 100%

Unskilled 100% 0 100%

By and large the daily wage rate fixed by the local communities will be used. Estimated quantum of work involved in the project is given below in Tables 3.7 and 3.8.

Table 3.7: Estimated Works in Grid Station

S. No. Works Unit

1 Civil Works in the Substation and Colony Lot

2 Erection of Structures and Equipment Lot

3 Conductor Stinging Lot

4 Testing and Commissioning Lot


Page 29 of 129

Table 3.8: Estimated Works on Transmission Line

S. No. Works Unit

1 Civil Works (Structure Foundations and Erection of towers)

Lot

2 Conductor Stinging Lot

3 Testing and Commissioning Lot

3.7.5 Construction Materials

An estimated quantity of different materials required for construction of project Grid Station and associated Transmission Line are given in Table 3.9.

Table 3.9: Materials required for the Project

S. No. Material Item Unit Quantity

1 Rebar Cubic feet Lot

2 Wood Cubic feet Lot

3 Iron bars Cubic feet Lot

4 Cables Cubic feet Lot

The materials used for the construction of transmission line include cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates (sand) and steel. No borrow of earth material is expected in the Project. Tentative quantities of various materials required for each tower are provided in Table 3.10. Their availability is expected to be through local sources.

Table 3.10: Estimated Construction Materials for Single Tower

Sr. No.

Type of Material Quantity/Tower

Local Materials

1. Cement 300 bags

2. Sand 20 cu.m

3. Crush 30 cu.m

4. Steel 1200 kg

Imported Materials

1. Steel Towers 12 tons

2. Conductor and OPGW* 3800 kg

3. Hardware 200 kg

4. Insulator 750 kg

* Optical Fiber Ground Wire Access to water for construction and camp site purposes is not expected to be a problem as there is adequate availability of local Ground water for usage. Machinery to be used: As estimate of machinery of different types like grades, cranes, batching plants etc. are given below in Table 3.11.


Page 30 of 129

Table 3.11: Machinery Requirement

S. No.

Machinery Quantity /No.

1 Excavators 2

2 Mixer Machines 3

3 Tractors 5

4 Cranes 3

5 Tensioner Pulleys 1

Equipment and Installation: The equipment and installations required for propose Grid Station and associated Transmission Line are given below in Table 3.12.

Table 3.12: Equipment and Installation

S. No. Equipment/ Installations Quantity

1 Circuit Breaker 3-Pole 245 kV with Steel Structures Etc.

11

2 Bus Isolator 3-Pole 245 kV with Steel Support Structures Etc.

25

3 Line Isolator 3-Pole 245 kV with Steel Support Structures Etc.

4

4 C.T, 245 kV, Single Pole, 50 kA, 6 Core With Steel Structures Etc.

33

5 P.T (CVT) 245 kV, single pole, 50 kA, 2 core With Steel Support Structures Etc.

17

6 Auto T/F, 250MVA With Local Control Cubicals& Accessories Etc.

3

7 Lightning arrestor (198kV S.A) with Steel Support Structures Etc.

21

8 Bus Bar Material including Tubular Conductor/Overhead Flexible Conductor & Hardware Accessories Etc.

Lot

9 Overhead Shield Wire & Hardware Accessories Etc.

Lot

10 Insulator Assemblies Lot

11 Steel Structure Lot

12 Protection System Lot

13 Telecommunication System Lot

14 Metering Equipment Lot

15 Fire Extinguisher As per

appropriate for site

16 Electricity generator 1

17 Water Pumping Equipment 1 set

18 Telephone Exchange 1

https://www.google.com.pk/search?biw=1241&bih=572&q=Tensioner+Pulleys&spell=1&sa=X&ei=GS4QVLrNB5LSaKukgZgG&ved=0CBcQBSgA


Page 31 of 129

S. No. Equipment/ Installations Quantity

19 Lights, Vehicles etc. 3

20 Equipment/ Installations As per

appropriate for site

3.7.6 Work Base

Since Construction of the Grid Station is a localized work and the associated Transmission line will by and large start from the Switch yard from within the Grid Station Campus, an ideal arrangement would be to set up the work base within the fenced land acquired for construction of Grid Station. This will also help in keeping the labor within an enclosed campus and forestall any social problem which can be caused due to interaction between any outside labor and local population especially women. The local labor can also come to the work base at the start of the shift and return to their homes after the work is finished. This will ease accommodation on labor camp on the campus. Machinery Maintenance and Equipment Yard: Near the work base a machinery and equipment yard will be provided. The yard will have enough storage and haulage space with ample moving and working space. The yard will be within the walled campus of proposed Grid Station yet its security shall have to be reinforced by appointing special guards. Material Depot: Near the work base within the walled campus, a material depot shall be required for safe storage of construction material. It will have temporary sheds for storage of expandable material like cement and open space for storing stones, shingles and bricks. Sensitive electrical materials shall have to be kept in suitable stores under lock and key. Material depots shall have to be provided with extra security. A trained store keeper shall be appointed for keeping an account of incoming and outgoing materials.

3.8 Activities during Planning and Design Phase

Planning and Design activities will be related to design which includes a detailed survey of the alignment, proposed final design of the transmission line and structures, type of transformers to be installed, land lease for contractor camp, storage areas as well as temporary set up during the installation and stringing of conductors. General requirements during planning and design phase include clearing areas that may cover the width of the ROW by selective clearing, and tree topping etc. Access katcha tracks may be required, will be made. Camp sites for the workers will be located keeping in view the availability of an adequate area for establishing camps, including parking areas for the machinery, stores and workshops, access to communication and local markets, and an appropriate distance from the sensitive


Page 32 of 129

areas in the vicinity. Final locations will be selected by the contractor with the approval of site in-charge. a) Planning of Tower Installation: The manual contained the instructions for the installation, operation and maintenance of Towers will be studied carefully to ensure their durability at the time of towers/poles procurement. The number of Towers and their quality will also be checked during this phase before being transported to the storage area near the project site. Furthermore, logistical arrangements for the transportation of the towers/poles to the project site will be assessed and planned. This will include a plan of action regarding security situation, if it occurs, and storage arrangements at the site. Before the polls are taken to the site, they will be checked to ensure that they are no mis-fabrications, and the lengths and classes agree with the Pole Units specified for the structures to be erected. If the poles are to be stored after delivery, arrangements will be made to place them on wide blocking to prevent crushing and to make sure they do not come in contact with standing water. b) Planning of Transformer Installation: The designing and manufacturing standards for transformers and its use for the transmission line will be carefully reviewed as free from PCBs. The instruction manual for the installation, operation and maintenance of transformer performance will also be studied carefully to ensure continuous trouble-free performance of the transformers. Furthermore, logistical arrangements for the transportation of the transformers to the project site will be assessed and planned. Before the transformers are taken to the site, they will be checked to ensure that they are filled with oil and ready for service. It should be noted that no existing transformers will be repaired. All transformers will be from new stock. c) Planning of Conductors Installation: At this phase, the activities include the checking of the quality of conductor wires and ensuring they are ready to be transported to the project site. All the conductors’ installation work will be planned according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and guide to the installation of T/L conductors. Arrangements for the proper storage before they are installed will be made.

3.9 Activities during Construction Phase

The contractor will also be responsible for addressing any changes during construction and reclamation activities following the completion of construction activities. The procurement of equipment will be done in accordance with the procedure NTDC. (a) Poles Installation: Prior to erecting the poles, appropriate arrangements will be made for the transportation of the poles from the storage area to the specific location at which they have to be installed. Such transportation may require careful planning if the distance between the storage area and the site is significant. The poles will be lifted off of the pole hauler at designated structure sites only. Field drilling and


Page 33 of 129

treating activities will be undertaken for installing the poles. The field drilled holes will be treated with the application of preservation compound. Excavation will be carried out in more detail for the footing of the pole in the ground. The excavation for the pole footing is carried out either manually or by mechanical excavator as per site requirements. In rocky areas, some controlled blasting may also be involved. After fixing steel reinforcing bars and concreting, the ditch is refilled with excavated material and the site is brought to the original ground level. Pole erection is carried out on the concreted locations with the help of forklifts or cranes. (b) Transformer Installation: Activities related to the transformers during the construction phase include proper handling of the transformers as they are lifted. The installation position will be marked such that the breather, oil level indicator, rating and diagram plate, dial thermometers can be safely examined. Prior to installing the transformers, appropriate arrangements will be made for the transportation of the transformers from the storage area to the specific location at which they have to be installed. The contractor should categorically care that the transformer should be free PCBs. (c) Conductors Installation: Prior to the tension stringing of the conductors the appropriate arrangements will be made for the transportation of the conductors from the storage area to the specific location at which they have to be stringed. Such transportation will require careful planning if the distance between the storage area and the site is significant. After the pole erection is accomplished for a reasonable reach and the transformers are installed, stringing activity is started. This involves preparing the poles to access for tractor movement by clearing a strip of about 30 m wide from all the obstacles. In some cases, the clearing would have already been done when the original transmission line route was being marked and its components installed. Positioning of the tensioner and puller are temporarily anchored on both ends of the stringing stretch. At road, railway and telephone line crossings, rider poles are provided during the stringing to avoid any interruption to traffic or shutdown of the power in the existing line. Shutdown will be arranged for power lines crossing the transmission route and temporary delinked and un-dipped from the towers. (d) Construction Procedures: As discussed in Chapter 7, except for a few areas, the project will have insignificant effects on the local environment. Several precautions have been taken in the selection of the location for the Grid Station and design of the system to minimize the environmental degradation. The construction activities may, however, disrupt the environmental and social setting to some extent for short periods of time. To keep such disruption/degradation at the minimal level, the Contractors will be required to adopt good engineering practices and follow the specified codes for construction of Grid Station. NTDC has laid down some construction procedures, which are discussed in the following paragraphs. (e) Access to Construction Sites: Since the work base will be established within the walled Grid Station campus, so the workers shall have an easy access to that. Within the campus internal small roads and paths shall have to be provided to facilitate movement of vehicles and workers.


Page 34 of 129

NTDC’s Contract specifies that the contractor will not cause any damage to the existing roads and village tracks. However, in case of any damage, the Contractor will be responsible for its repair. In this regard, NTDC bounds the Construction Contractor by withholding a 10% amount from the Contractors’ interim bills submitted to the Engineer for payments to exert the contractor to complete his pending works. (f) Camp Offices: Adjacent to work base and material depot, the contractor will be allowed to set up a camp office to run his day to day field affairs. (g) Machinery Repair Workshop: With a large number of vehicles and other similar machinery a repair workshop is essential. The contractor may establish his own workshop. (h) Clearing Area of Influence (AOI): The area required for the Grid Station construction and placement of tower footings for associated Transmission Line has to be completely cleared of vegetation, crops and trees. Trees over 2.5 meters in height, which may obstruct stringing or create hazard/danger to the allied transmission line, will have to be removed. On the other hand, the clearing of shrubs is restricted to what is required for placement of footings and for the assembly and erection of towers and wire pulling at site. NTDC allows that the cleared materials such as trees, shrubs, etc. will be the property of landowners. While other materials (if any) such as fossils, coins and antiquities discovered on the site of the work will be deemed as the property of GOP. The clearance of AOI from the vegetation is normally done by mechanical means. The latter method is used where the vegetation is very thick and the site is not accessible by the machinery. NTDC does not allow any contractor to use herbicides for vegetation removal.

3.10 Activities during Operation Phase

Activities during the operation phase generally comprise of checking and ensuring that the transmission line components, such as the conductors, poles and transformers are properly maintained and function correctly. Especially the transformer should be free from PCBs. A rigorous system of inspection and preventive maintenance will be carried out by NTDC. The components will be checked for wear and tear, and any damage inflicted upon them, either due to the weather or due to military and insurgent activities. Line inspections during project operation will generally be undertaken during the dry season and will entail twice yearly inspections (from the ground); five yearly inspections (involving full tower climbing from the base to tower top), special inspections after incidents such as floods and forest fires and emergency inspections of affected sections after each tripping of the line. Routine maintenance, to be undertaken during the dry season where possible, will include periodic hand pruning of vegetation within the RoW to maintain line clearances. This will be undertaken at least every two years subject to growth rates.


Page 35 of 129

The stabilization or reinforcement of tower foundations with measures such as revetment works, drains or backfill mounds may be implemented. In the event of a wire break, emergency line restringing will be undertaken. Based on WAPDA maintenance manuals, following paragraph enlist the items to be checked by the Inspection Crew during patrolling.

3.10.1 Foundations

Check for any soil settlement around the foundation chimney, any unusual cracks between the stub angle and concrete and/or cracks in the concrete chimney.

Check for erosion in and around the tower foundations. Where erosion exists, locations and extent is noted on the inspection form, take measurement from the centerline. Note if a stream (Nullah) or dry wash is causing the erosion. Also, note any damage done by farming operations near or under the tower. Towers located in the active hill-torrent zone will require inspection on a continual basis.

3.10.2 Steel Works

Look for bent or missing steel members, missing or loose bolts. An excellent test in addition to visual inspection is to strike the tower leg angle sharply with a stick of wood or rubber hammer. Any loose bolts or members will produce a rattling sound.

3.10.3 Conductor, Overhead Ground Wire, Hardware and Insulators

Conductor is the most important part of the line. A very thorough visual inspection has to be made. The checklist for this component includes the followings:

Check every bolt, nut, pin and cotter pin on the conductor shoe, shackles connecting links and other hardware fittings for looseness or missing.

Check for chips, dirt and/or lightning “Tracks or marks” on the insulators. This lightning mark will especially show up on the first few insulators nearest the tower attachment point.

There will not be cracks of any size in the insulators because before porcelain cracks, a piece of the insulator will break off. Always look around the base of every tower for pieces of insulators, pins, bolts, nuts, etc.

Check every ball in the insulator strings for missing cotter pins. Note that ball can work itself half way out and still holds. First, the cotter pin falls out, next with the continual vibration the ball can very slowly work itself out to a point where the ball is only held by half of the socket. One can spot this condition by a slight tilting of the insulator below or beyond the loose ball. This also applies to shackle or hardware pins and is a very serious condition. Report it immediately.

Check the stock-bridge dampers on the conductor and OPGW to make sure these are in the proper position.


Page 36 of 129

On dead end towers, check the jumpers to see that all the bolts are tight in the jumper pads. Also there should be no missing or loose bolts.

Along the line, check the conductors for frayed or broken strands.

Spot-check ground clearance and observe if any building or structure is being constructed under the line. Also, check for any tree growing near or under the line. Report these conditions immediately.

3.11 The Project Cost

The loan has been approved by JICA. JICA will finance the design, civil works and supply of equipment. A support component has also been provided to assist the NTDC with various aspects of project preparation and implementation. Total cost of the project has been estimated at PKR 9379.505 Millions, where local cost includes PKR. 3688.734 Millions and JICA cost PRs. 5690.771 Millions.


Page 37 of 129

4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

This Chapter deals with an analytical overview of the different alternatives that have been considered in the project. The analysis has been carried out critically so as to justify the need of the Project. Besides the economic viability, environmental sustenance and social soundness of the proposed project should also be considered when analyzing various alternatives. The various alternatives which have been considered during the conduct of the study are as under:

No project option

Alternative Route Alignment selection and

Alternative Construction Methods

Alternative Geometry

4.1 No Project Option

It is obvious that with the increase in population, the demand for electricity also increases. An annual population growth rate of about 3 percent may well dictate the pressing need of a larger electrical system. The increase in consumption of electricity is also correlated with the increase in income per capita. In other words, higher the consumption of electricity, higher is the per capita income. Similarly, increasing trends in the purchase of electrical goods and appliances reflect the rise in the general standard of living. All the development projects in general and industrial and agriculture development projects in particular, demand a sustainable and strong electrical system. In order to achieve the economic growth and reduction in poverty, it is essential to ensure a reliable power supply to an increasing number of industrial, agricultural, commercial, and domestic consumers. Electricity demand is expected to grow by 8.49% per annum during next 10 years over the period 2009-19. To cope with this growth in demand, additional capacity would be required annually. As the result of this, enhancement in capacity of NTDC transmission system is required for power evacuation. The proposed project has therefore been prepared to meet the requirement which will also result in overall power efficiency and stability to deliver adequate and quality power to the consumers. In the light of above discussion, it can be easily assessed that “No Project Option” will not only be an impediment in the national economy but also enhance environmental degradation/pollution and risks to human and animal life. Therefore, provision of 500 kV Faisal Abad West Grid station and its allied transmission line is fully endorsed by NTDC (WAPDA) as well as public.


Page 38 of 129

4.2 Alternatives of Location

4.2.1 Development of Environmental Site Selection Criteria

The site selection criteria were based on a number of parameters as indicated below:

Land Availability for Tower Foundations Type of Terrain Access to Tower Foundation sites Environmental Issues Social Issues Technical Feasibility Any other Facility

a. Land Availability for Tower Foundations The existing land use (agricultural, commercial, industrial, barren, forested and residential) and availability of land bear importance for selection of a site. The ownership status is very vital. If it is owned by private persons, then their satisfaction or permission is necessary before its use for tower construction. During the land availability analysis, the main parameters considered include the present land use and land ownership (private, government). b. Type of Terrain The type of terrain would play a significant role for the development of Heavy transmission line in the hilly area. Construction on steep areas is difficult and relatively unstable as compared to the construction on flat areas. A relatively flat area is preferable for the approachability and convenience. More weightage would therefore be given to the sites having mild slopes and flatter areas available for construction of the project components. c. Access to Tower Foundation Sites No doubt, access to construction is very important in hilly areas. But the project exist in the plain area, therefore access to tower location will not be difficult. Availability of approach roads for carriage of construction machinery, construction material etc. is pre-requisite. Each alternative site was therefore ranked according to the availability of access routes for construction of heavy transmission line. d. Environmental Issues

Due consideration has to be given to the sensitive issues related to the environment, forest, wet lands, wildlife reserves, agricultural land, etc. while assessing the alternative sites for development of the Power Transmission System.


Page 39 of 129

e. Social Issues Social issues form an important element in the assessment criteria. Different socially sensitive elements like graveyards, mosques, playgrounds, which can create social issues have to be given due consideration while assessing the different sites.

f. Technical Feasibility Selection of sites for simple towers and angle towers should fulfill the technical requirements of the heavy transmission line. The two points joining two towers and intervening alignment route must traverse a smooth, moderately steep line, the alignment should be as straight as possible.

g. Any other Facility Other facilities, which could be focused at would be the availability of place for labor camps, water resources for construction purposes and construction material. Based upon the parameters given in para 4.2.1, the evaluation of two sites for grid station has been carried out.

Parameter Site (a)

(near Chak 201 JB, at Bhawana Pansera road)

Site (b) (Close to Bhawana Town)

Land Availability for tower foundations

Land is easily available with the consultation of owners.

Land Availability is a problem on this option.

Type of Terrain The terrain is flat and is very convenient for the design.

The terrain is flat and is convenient for the design.

Access to Tower Foundation Sites

Accessibility to tower foundation is not a problem.

Accessibility to tower foundation is not a problem.

Environmental Issues

The site is safe from floods and away from river.

The site is at depression place and causes flooded in rainy season.

Social Issues Site is located not near to the settlements. No social issue will arise.

Site is located near settlements hence social issues due to the project will likely be occurred.

Technical Feasibility

Technically the site would be suitable.

Technically the site would be suitable.

Any Other Facility No issue regarding any other facility.

No issue regarding any other facility


Page 40 of 129

4.2.2 Final Site Selection

Site (a) for the purpose of grid station and its allied transmission line fulfills most of the requirements and as such can be ranked as the best alternative. Most important aspect of this site is that it is safe from floods which are frequent in the last few years.

4.3 Alternative Construction Methods

The feasibility and constructability of the transmission line towers is well established locally and installation of equipment is well practiced in the international context (even if some types of equipment are new to Pakistan). The process basically includes the transportation of equipment to site and the assembly of pre-fabricated unit. Thus, the impacts from construction activities are very manageable from the environmental viewpoint.

4.4 Alternative Geometry

The design and route of transmission line is as short as it can be and avoids the local villages by erecting angle towers and the passing the line through cultivated and semi forested land. Some further detailed surveys may be carried out for the detailed design to determine the exact construction methods and locations but no land acquisition is envisaged to be involved in this subproject from private peoples. The present assumption is that the grid station site and transmission line will be completed as planned on the defined alignment and site. The detailed design and surveys are yet to be carried out.


Page 41 of 129

5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS

5.1 Introduction

The project site is located on Bhowana-Painsara road at Chak JB 201 at 5 km from Painsara and 30 KM from Chiniot. It has been endeavored by Surveys and Investigation (S&I) department of NTDC that the route of the transmission line is selected in a way that no structure requires relocation or demolishing. Only tree removal and crop damages will occur during construction phase of project. The grid station site is 50 acres and is privately owned. The NTDC has got issued the Section-4 for the proposed land for grid station and the process of land acquisition is in progress. The transmission line will mostly cross cultivated area. Moreover by using angle towers and by locating the line, as per alignment provided by NTDC, on the agriculture cultivated fields there are no locations where the line is immediately adjacent to any residential or school property (sensitive receptor). Erection of each tower may require working room up to 500 m2, however, there is plenty of room in the agriculture fields. Provisions have been made in the LARP to compensate damage to trees and crops. Access to the transmission line will be from the tracks and katcha roads adjacent to the fields. There should be no need to disturb any existing roads and water courses, based on the current alignment subject to reconfirmation after detailed designs are complete. As already depicted in the report, the project corridor lies within the jurisdiction of Punjab Province. For the purpose of baseline conditions and identification of potential social impacts of the project, the following definitions have been taken into consideration: ROW refers to a limit of 50 meters wide strip, i.e. 25 m from either side of the center line of transmission line along the project route and has been considered for identifying the potential social impacts of the proposed project. CoI refers to the land within 500 meters around the proposed Grid Station boundary on each side, where the direct impacts may occur.

This Chapter gives an overview of the environmental and social baseline information of Project Area, with special reference to impacts on Project Corridor. The information has been compiled from secondary and primary resources. Major environmental components are:

Physical Environment

Biological Environment

Socioeconomic Environment

5.2 Physical Environment

Baseline studies on the physical parameters including land resources, topography, climate, geology, seismicity, soils, water resources etc. are indicative of the following information.


Page 42 of 129

5.2.1 Topography, Geography, Geology, and Soils

The project area lies in the fertile plains of Punjab. Being situated about 35 km east to the Chenab River; the site is of alluvial nature. The only hills found in the district are situated on the Chenab River between Chiniot and Rabwah. These hills are of the same formation as the Kirana hill of Sargodha District. The Sargodha-Chiniot - Shahkot-Sangla hill belt constitutes the northern outcrops of Indian shield of Pre-Cambrian era. These rock outcrops are not so high and can be used as gravel (crush) for construction when broken and crushed. The sand extracted from the river bed is superior and is commonly used for building purposes. Pre-Cambrian basement rocks of iron ore deposits are found in Chiniot district. With the exception of these rocks, the both districts are alluvial plain. The surface soils are grey to brown in color and medium textured i.e. silty clay/ clay loamy or sandy loam at the site, at all the locations and generally continues up to depth of 3-10 feet. This sub stratum contains fine sand. Topographically the area is almost plain.

5.2.2 Seismology

Geological survey of Pakistan has divided Pakistan into five seismic zones. The project area, a part of Chiniot district, lies in seismic Zone 2A which is Low hazard zone corresponding to peak ground acceleration (PGA) values of 0.08 to 0.16 m/sec2. Figure 5.1 shows seismic map.

5.2.3 Climate, Temperature and Rainfall

The climate of the district is hot and dry during summer and cold and dry in winter. The mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures during summer are about 40oC and 28oC respectively. The mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures during winters are about 27oC and 6oC respectively. The highest mean temperature (39oC) from 1961 to 1990 was recorded in the month of May. Likewise the minimum mean temperature (8oC) was recorded in the month of January. The annual rainfall of the district is approx. 288.8 mm.


Page 43 of 129

Figure 5.1: Seismic Zoning Map of Pakistan


Page 44 of 129

5.2.4 Groundwater Resources

Irrigation is largely dependent on the canals, but tube wells have also been sunk in the areas where water is fit for irrigation. The chemical quality of ground water in the district varies area wise and depth wise. Irrigation supplies are perennial and tube wells have been installed to make up the deficiencies. The strata near the transmission line route are water bearing and alluvial deposits, giving groundwater potential throughout the project area and the water table is fairly near the surface at 30 to 45 feet. The water table is not seasonal and dug wells do not generally run dry, because the ground water aquifer is recharged by Chenab River and canals (flowing about 30 km western side of project site). The local population is generally reliant on installed hand pumps, electric motors and supply from tube wells. Near the proposed Grid Station hand pump water was tested in the laboratory, the results reveal that the water quality of the area is under permissible limits with respect to biological but in chemical parameters the total dissolve solids, hardness and sulphates are above the permissible limits, which need proper treatment for drinking purposes.

Table 5.1: Laboratory results of Drinking Water near the proposed Grid Station

Sr. No.

Parameters Unit NEQS Concentrations

1 pH Value …. 6.5-8.5 7.07

2 Colour Ptc/cu <15 1.0

3 Odour TON Not

Objectionable 0.0

4 Turbidity Mg/l <5 0.02

5 Total Hardness Mg/l <500 788.0

6 TDS Mg/l <1000 2014.0

7 Chloride Mg/l <250 68.0

8 Sulphate Mg/l <200 710.0

9 Total Coliforms Cfu/100ml 0 0

10 E.coli Cfu/100ml 0 0

5.2.5 Surface Water Resources

River Chenab and related canals are the major surface water source of project area. It is perennial and flows throughout the year. It also causes floods in the monsoon season, when it receives excessive rainfall water from upstream.

5.2.6 Ambient Air Quality

Air quality in the project area is fairly clean. The other major source of air pollution is vehicular emissions on the road, dust arising from construction and other ground or soil disturbance, during dry weather, and from movement of vehicles on poorly surfaced or katcha access roads.


Page 45 of 129

Industries and commercial areas are fairly far away from the project site. Domestic sources of air pollution, such as emissions from wood and kerosene burning stoves as well as small diesel standby generators in some households, are a minor source of air pollution. During site visits, air quality test were done. The air results are presented in the following Table 5.2. The result reveals that the air quality of the area is under permissible limits.

Table 5.2: Ambient Air Quality Test result of the Project area

Source CO SO2 NO2 PM10 PM2.5 CO2 VOC,s Noise Level

Unit Ppm µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 ppm ppm dB (A)

NEQS 9 120 80 150 35 NS NS 75

At proposed Grid Station site F. Abad west

0 0 23 32 10 448 0.01 48

Near 220 KV G.Station T. Teksing

0 0 0 20 12 491 0 58.7

5.2.7 Noise

Other than noise generated from vehicles moving on the main road, no major source of noise is present in the project vicinity. There are also the occasional calls to prayer from loud speakers in the local mosques but there are no significant disturbances to the quiet rural setting. During site visits, noise levels at three locations in the Project area were measured with Digital Sound Level Meter Model AR-824. The results are tabulated below:

Table 5.3: Noise Level Reference Point # 1: Proposed site 500 KV Grid Station

near Chak 201JB

Date Time dB (A) Average

14-11-15

Day 45 52 49 50 49 46 48 47 46 45 48

Table 5.4: Noise Level Reference Point # 2: Near 220 KV Grid Station Gojra Toba road

Date Time dB (A) Average

14-11-15

Day 55 52 57 65 66 64 55 59 58 53 58

Table 5.5: WHO Guideline Values for Community Noise in Specific Environments

Specific Environment Laeq (dB)

LAmax, fast (dB)

Outdoor living area 55 -


Page 46 of 129

The noise levels in the project area are way lower than the permissible limits of 80 dBA as fixed by EPA. However, while comparing with the WHO noise guidelines that prescribes a limit of 55 dBA with respect to receptors in outdoor areas, the noise levels at various places in project area may exceed this limit while construction of the project. Complete Environmental Monitoring Report has been attached as Annex-IV.

5.3 Biological Environment

5.3.1 Flora

The area is located in alluvial plain which is highly fertile. Forest department has planted a number of trees on their land which is to be acquired by NTDC for the construction of grid station. Naturally grown shrubs are also present on the land. Jungli Kikar (Wild Acacia niloica), Sufaida (Eucalyptus), Aak (Calotropis), Sheesam (Dilbergia Sisso) and Jandh (Prosopis cineraria) were seen on the project land. Orchards of Citrus, Guava and Mango fruits are found in abundance in the surroundings of the project area. Besides Dates, Pomegranate and Bananas are also grown in minor quantities in the district.

5.3.2 Fauna

Fauna within the Project area includes following: (i) Mammals (iv) Birds

Jackels (Canisaureus) Foxes (SSP. Vulpes) Field rats (Rattusnorvegitus)

Shikra (Accipiter badius) Crow (Corvussplendens) Common kite (Milbusmigrans) Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Pigeons (Columba livia) Dove (Stratopielia SSP.) Parrot (Psittaculakramerl)

(ii) Reptiles (v) Others

House Lizard Spiders

(iii) Amphibians

Common Toads

There are no migratory birds reported in or around the project area. Domestic animals of significance include cows/ bulls, buffaloes, goats, donkeys and sheep.

School class rooms and pre-schools (indoors) 35 -

School, playground (outdoors) 55 -

Hospital, ward rooms (indoors) 30 40

Hospital, treatment rooms (indoors) 1 -

Industrial, commercial, shopping and traffic areas(indoors and outdoors)

70 110

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosopis_cineraria


Page 47 of 129

There is no endangered species reported in the project area by the Wildlife Department of Punjab.

5.3.3 Protected Areas/ National Sanctuaries

There is no protected area in the vicinity of the project area.

5.3.4 Wetlands and Aquatic Biology

The nearest Wetland is Chenab River which is at a distance of 10 km, so no impact on it is expected.

5.3.5 Game Reserves & Wildlife Sanctuaries

No game reserves and wildlife sanctuaries exist in the vicinity of project area even up to 5 km distance.

5.4 Socioeconomic Environment

This Section of Report provides the information on socio-economic environment existing in and around the Study Area including methodology, administrative setup, demographic characteristics, educational and institutional facilities, transportation, water supply, income sources, common diseases, religious/archeological and historical sites (if any) existing in the area. A social baseline survey was conducted by the Environmental Team on the 7th and 8th of December 2015. The purpose of this survey was to gather information regarding the social condition of the villages lying in or around the route of proposed Transmission Line and to visit the relevant District Offices for data collection. The questionnaires used for socioeconomic and village profile survey has been attached in Annex-V.

5.4.1 Political and Administrative Setup

The Project area falls in jurisdiction of two districts i.e. Chiniot and Toba Tek Singh, Punjab Province of Pakistan. As per Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001, Union Council is the lowest tier of the local government system. It is constituted of selected council normally representing five to ten villages depending upon population, while four to five union councils form the next higher tier of governance, viz., Tehsil Council. Tehsils are sub-units of a district, which is the highest tier of local government system and deals with the administrative and revenue matters. District is normally constituted of three to five tehsils, and is governed by District Council. In the existing local government system of the project area, the union councils consist of members directly elected through open competition, who also form the Electoral College for the selection of members of the next higher tiers. In this way, it has also been ensured that the councils have a sizeable representation from the vulnerable groups particularly the labor and female members of communities.


Page 48 of 129

District Chiniot is spread over an area of 2643 square kilometres and comprises of three tehsils Chiniot, Bhowana and Lalian. District Toba Tek Singh is spread over an area of 3252 square kilometres and comprises of four tehsils i.e. Toba Tek Singh, Gojra, Kamalia and Pir Mahal.

5.4.2 Demographic Analysis

According to Punjab Development Statistics 2010, total population of Chiniot district is 1.156 million persons out of which 0.603 million are males and 0.553 million are females. Density of population in the district is 437 persons per square kilometer. Tehsil wise distribution of Urban and Rural population is given in Table 5.7.

Table 5.6: Town-Wise Distribution of Urban & Rural Population of Chiniot District

NAME OF TOWN POPULATION (THOUSAND PERSON)

URBAN RURAL TOTAL

Chiniot 259 263 522

Bhowana 17 306 323

Lalian 35 276 311

Total 311 845 1156

The population of the district Chiniot is predominantly Muslims i.e. 95.0 percent. The next higher percentage is of Ahmadis with 4.50 percent followed by Christians 0.5 percent. While other minorities like Hindu (Jati), Schedule Castes etc. are very small in number. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan the population of District Toba Tek Singh was 905,580 of this, 720,601 were Muslim and 184,979 were non-Muslim, mainly Christian and Ahmadiyya. According to the 2009 estimate the population had risen to 1.62 million Family System Joint family as well as separate family structure is common in the region.

Gender Ratio The number of females for every 100 males was 92 (Punjab Development Statistics 2010).

Ethnicity/Tribes Chiniot and Toba Tek Singh region was agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. Chiniot is a District of Multi-tribes nation. Tribes of these districts include Rajput Dhudhi Sahmal Sipra, Janjua, Dogar, Syed, Sial, Mufti, Araaeen, Laali, Marath, Aheer, Awan, Makhdoom, Baloch BhattiBhutta, Butt, Bhowana, Chohan Durrani, Gujjar, Hanjra, Andra, Sipra, Walara, Haral, Tamimi, Hashmi, Jappa, Jatt, Kharal, Khokhar, Marral, Naul, Nakokara, traggar\tragar, Nissowana, Puri, Pathan Slaray and Wassi, Dhawan, Wadhawan, Sehgal.

Languages Punjabi and Urdu are the predominant language being spoken in the districts.


Page 49 of 129

Literacy Level and Educational Institutions The literacy level of Chiniot is not known so far, as in 1998 the Chiniot was part of District Jhang having Literacy ration of 37.1% as per 1998 census. Educational institutions (colleges) in Chiniot includes; The KIMS College Chiniot, The Khatam-e-Nabuwat Institute of Modern Sciences, Masoomeen College ICON Group of Colleges, Punjab College , Chenab College, Din College, Govt. Degree College, Govt. Islamia College, Govt. Institute of Commerce, Superior College Chiniot, Pak Poly-technique College, University of Higher Education, Takbeer College. High schools in Chiniot include Masoomeen Foundation high school, Govt. Islamia High School, Govt. High School Chak no. 237 jb Langrana, Govt. High School Ahmad Abad, Govt. Islah High School, Govt. Girls High School, Govt. M.T.B High School, Govt. High School Chak 14 jb Muradwala, GHS LangarMakhdoom and Allied School Chiniot Campus. Chiniot has also some religious institutions include Maraqaba Hall, Idara-e-Markazia Dawat-wa-Arshad, Faizul-ul-Aloom, Jamiya Masjid Farooqia, Jamia Islamia Imdadia,Darbar Bava Syed Jhulan Shah Bukhari, Masjid Noor, Jamia Noor-ul-Anwar-ul-Quran, and Madrasa FatehAloom. Chiniot government has given library facilities to its residents, especially for students. After his death, Sheikh Omar Hayat's palace Omar Hayat Mahal was converted into a library by government of Pakistan. The literacy rate of district Toba Tek Singh was 50.5 according to 1998 census report. Toba Tek Singh has a high literacy rate counted amongst the top 10 cities of Pakistan.It has many educational institutes, including: govt degree college for women TT Singh, govt MD college boys TT Singh, Divisional Public School & College TT Singh, the Punjab college TT Singh, Islamia College TT Singh, National college TT Singh, Sultan Foundation college TT Singh, Standard college TT Singh, Superior college TT Singh, Punjab College TT Singh, Shiblee college Gojra, Quaed e azam college Kamalia, Jhelum Group of Colleges, TT Sign Camous, Jinnah college Pir Mahal, Far an College Pir Mahal, scholars college Pir Mahal and Al-Noor College Sandhilianwali. In district TT Singh there are 11 technical / commercial / vocational institutions (8 for men and for 3 women) imparting training in various trades e.g. mechanical, electrical, auto-engineering, welding, wood working and commerce. Vocational institutions for women impart training in hand/machine embroidery, stitching and knitting.

5.4.3 Employment

The major proportion of total population is self-employed; others are private employees and government employees. The difference in proportions of employed population is significant between the genders and urban and rural residences. The major occupation in project area is agricultural farming, small businesses and service in public and private sectors.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ICON_Group_of_Colleges&action=edit&redlink=1

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ICON_Group_of_Colleges&action=edit&redlink=1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_Group_of_Colleges

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenab_College,_Chiniot

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Din_College

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Omar_Hayat

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_Hayat_Mahal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan


Page 50 of 129

The main occupation of women in rural areas is house-keeping which includes attending to the cattle, extracting butter and ghee from milk, weaving and sewing of family clothes. In addition they generally help their men-folk on farms with the lighter duties like transplanting of seedlings, threshing and winnowing of grains and sometimes they also help in harvesting. In city women are house-wives or work as professionals; such as doctors, nurses, teachers, private jobs etc.

5.4.4 Income Sources and Expenditure

a) Agriculture and Livestock The major source of income along the project corridor is agricultural practice. Sugar cane, wheat, Maize are the major crops in the area. Orchards are also a major source of income. Citrus, grape fruits, dates are major fruit trees in the area. Livestock commonly includes cows/ bulls, buffaloes, goats and sheep. b) Industry Another source of income in the area is industries. There are about 92 large, medium and some small industrial units in the district Chiniot out of which 52 are rice mills, 10 cold storage, two flour mills, three sugar mills, six textiles spinning etc. in the district.

5.4.5 Economic Infrastructure

a) Roads and Railway Structure

The grid station site is located on main Bhowana-Painsra road. The other roads to be crossed by transmission line route include; Faisalabad-Jhang Road, Multan-Faisalabad Motorway (M-4), Jhang-Gojra Road and Gora-Toba Road. Most of roads are metaled with the few exceptions of small roads in the villages.

b) Electricity

Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) has provided electricity in the Project area. Presently Faisalabad Electricity Supply Company (FESCO) is managing and maintaining the supply in the whole project area. Almost all the residents are availing themselves of this facility. c) Transport

Area has a reasonably sized road network. Almost all the major towns and cities along the project corridor are provided with the facility of public transport.

d) Sui Gas

The facility of Sui gas is not available to almost all the residents along the project route.


Page 51 of 129

e) Telecommunication

All the villages along the project corridor are connected with the Pakistan telecommunication network. Mobile coverage exists in the Project area which enables people to use mobile phones for communication.

f) Post Offices and Banks Postal, money order and bank facilities exist throughout the vicinity of the project area.

5.4.6 Social Infrastructure

a) Water Supply

In Chiniot and TT Singh, the public water supply is available and people are dependent on local water supply system to meet the drinking as well as household use requirements.

b) Health

The nearest Basic Health facility to the project site is in Painsra, Gojra and Toba Tek Singh Cities.

5.4.7 Religious, Archaeological and Historical Sites

There are no officially protected heritage sites or historic, religious or archaeologically important sites located in the project works areas. There are no major historic or archaeological features of note but there are a few places of worship within about 500 m of the works. It is expected that there will be no impact on such places.

5.4.8 Gender Impacts

The female population in Pakistan according to the 1998, Census, is around 48 %. In view of these facts, the gender issues assume special focus and need to be properly addressed and evaluated. The results of the survey have shown that women are an integral part of the socio-economic life of the rural economy. Women of the area took active part in household activities (like food cooking, washing of clothes, carrying of fodder for livestock and potable water for human consumption, etc.), child caring and meeting with social obligations. The data indicates that as far as participation in carrying out different activities is concerned, they share the males in every household and field activity. However, they are not considered by the males in making the decisions about various socio-economic matters, particularly relating to activities which require interaction with others such as decisions about children education, farm business, sale & purchase of livestock or property, etc. The male respondents were of the view about this attitude that traditionally they have been


Page 52 of 129

undertaking such responsibilities and they do not think that the females have much exposure and courage to decide upon such matters. This is source of social stress for the women.

5.4.9 Village Profiles

Various villages located along the project corridor were visited to establish village profile. The details are elaborated as below.

a) Chak No. 305 J/B / Mansoor Wali U/C 21 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 2000 people with 500 houses and main castes are Cheema Kaanjar, Warraich, Kumhar, Tarkhan and Supra. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 2.5 km2. Educational facilities include 01 Primary School and 01 Madrassa and 02 Mosques as institutional facilities. Public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity and a few grocery shops. There are 02 graveyards in the village vicinity.

b) Chak No. 306 J/B / Botala U/C 301 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 1400 people with 200 houses and main castes are Cheema and Warraich. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 2.5 km2. Educational facilities include 02 Middle Schools and 02 Mosques as institutional facilities. Public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity and a few grocery shops. There are 02 graveyards in the village vicinity. Public water supply is laid in the village but not functional properly.

c) Chak No. 300 J/B / Dharan Pur U/C 19 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 6000 people 450 houses and main castes are Malik, Gujjar, Jutt Rajput and Arain. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 3 km2. Educational facilities include 02 Primary Schools along with 02 mosques. Public transport is available for local travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity, a few grocery shops, 01 Medical Store and a public water supply. There is 01 graveyard in the village.

d) Chak No. 299 J/B / Kot Rabaat U/C 19 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 2000 people 300 houses and main castes are Gujjar, Rana and Arain. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 1 km2. Educational facilities include 02 Primary Schools and 01 Middle School. 01 Welfare Center is available. Public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity, a few grocery shops, 01 Medical Store and a public water supplt. There are 02 graveyards in the village vicinity.

e) Chak No. 352 J/B / Nathoo Shah U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra


Page 53 of 129

The population of this village is around 8000 people 700 houses and main caste is Kakarr. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 1.5 km2. Educational facilities include 02 Primary Schools and 01 Madrassa and 02 Mosques as institutional facilities. Public transport is not available for local or inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity telephone and a few grocery shops. There are 04 graveyards in the village vicinity. There are 03 Brick Kilns located within the village and owned by the locals. f) Chak No. 416 J/B Garant Pur U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 3000 people 400 houses and main castes are Rajput Jutt and Arain. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 4.5 km2. Educational facilities include 02 Primary Schools. There are 02 Mosques and public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity and 01 grocery shop. There is 01 graveyard in this village. g) Chak No. 415 J/B / Chandarkay U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra The population of this village is around 6000 people 525 houses and main castes are Mahar, Wahla and Arain. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 2 km2. Educational facilities include 01 Primary School, 01 Middle School and 01 Madrassa. There are 02 Mosques and 01 private dispensary. Public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity, 02 medical stores, 10 grocery shops and a ground for recreational purposes. There are 02 graveyards in the village vicinity. h) Chak No. 201 J/B / Bukharian The population of this village is around 2000 people 250 houses and main castes are Mahar, Wahla and Arain. Languages spoken here are Punjabi and Urdu. Approximate area of this village is 1.5 km2. Educational facilities include 01 Primary School, 01 Middle School and 01 Madrassa. There are 02 Mosques. Public transport is available for local and inter-city travel. Civic facilities in this village include electricity, 01 medical stores, 5 grocery shops and a ground for recreational purposes. There is 01 graveyard in the village vicinity.


Page 54 of 129

6. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND DISCLOSURE

6.1 Objectives of Consultation

Public consultation plays a vital role in studying the effects of any development project on stakeholders and in its successful implementation and execution. It affords an opportunity to exchange knowledge with those who as members of the society are concerned with the Project, immediately or remotely. Referring particularly to a project related to environmental assessment, involvement of public is all the more essential, as it leads to better and more acceptable decision-making. The overall objective of the consultation with the stakeholders is to help verify the environmental and social issues, besides technical ones, that have been presumed to arise and to identify those which are not known or are unique to the Project. In fact, discourse with many who have thoroughly observed the site conditions in the pre-developmental phase, goes a long way in updating the knowledge and understanding

6.2 Consultative Aspects

The proposed Project “500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station and Allied Transmission Lines Project” involves stakeholders from various segments of the society, who have direct or indirect interest in the developmental activity. The consultant team has endeavored to hold consultative sessions with a number of prominent stakeholders to evince their views on the proposed Project, inter-alia, their opinions, suggestions, understanding on various issues and concerns.

The consultations aimed specifically at:

Exchange of information related to the Project and its possible utilization in the Project planning and execution.

Dissemination of information through discussions, education and liaison.

Collaboratively solving the problems.

Eliciting the comments and feedback on the proposed Project.

Documentation of information narrated by the stakeholders.

Documentation of mitigation measures proposed by the stakeholders.

Incorporation of public concerns and their addressal in the EIA.

6.3 Stakeholder’s Consultations

There are two types of stakeholders, i.e. primary and secondary stakeholders. The primary stakeholders are the initial stakeholders, such as affected persons, general public including women resided in villages in the vicinity of the sub-project area. Accordingly, the consultations were made with all primary stakeholders for sharing the information regarding the sub-project components, i.e. construction of new grid station, spotting of towers and installation of transmission line and community feedback regarding the project. However, the consultative meetings were also held with the secondary stakeholders including the officials/ staff involved in planning& design, and management.


Page 55 of 129

A list of consultative meetings with officials is presented in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: List of Officials Consulted

Sr. No.

Date Venue of Meeting Name of

Participants Designation

1 08-12-2015

District Office Agriculture Chiniot

Ch. Shahid Hussain

D.O Ariculture

2 08-12-2015

District Office Forest Chiniot

Muhammad Ilyas Bashir

D.O Forest

3 08-12-2015

District Office Social Welfare Chiniot

Ms. Farrukh Rizwan

D.O Social Welfare

4 08-12-2015

District Office Environment

Muhammad Arif D.O Environment

5 08-12-2015

AC Office, Tehsil Bhowana

Muhammad Akhtar Bhutta

AC Bhawana

6.4 Public Consultations

Eight consultations were made with the affectees and other local community to share the information about the sub-project and record their concerns/ feedback associated with this sub-project. In this context, the APs shared their point of view regarding payment on the loss of their crops and trees, as most of the local people had their concerns regarding true assessment of compensation. The individuals and organizations consulted are given in Annex-VI. List of public consultations carried out in the villages located along the T/L route alignment of the proposed sub-project is given in Table 6.2 as follows:


Page 56 of 129

Table 6.2: List of Public Consultations along the T/L Route Alignment

Sr. No.

Date

Venue/ Location

No. of Participants Views/ Concerns Expressed

Male

Female

Total

1 14-11-2015

Chak No. 201 J/B

7 4 11 This village lies in the area that has been selected for the construction of grid station. Like all other projects that involve displacement of locals from their land, these people also had the main concern of getting rightfully and handsomely compensated for their acquired land.

Agriculture is the only source of income they are relying on.

As these APs have no other place to shift to, they want either a full-fledged compensation for each of their assets, or to be shifted to a land with same resources.

2

07-12-2015

Chak No. 305 J/B U/C 21 Tehsil Gojra

4 1 5 They are in support of this project, as this to curb the electricity shortage in the area.

If they are directly or indirectly affected by the project, they should be compensated accordingly.


Page 57 of 129

3 07-12-2015

Chak No. 306 J/B Botala

U/C 301 Tehsil Gojra

3 0 3 The village is not under direct influence of the T/L.

If their agricultural land is acquired for project, they want to be rewarded handsomely.

4 07-12-2015


7 0 7 The participants showed concerns over their routine problems.

They had reservations concerning loss of crops and livelihood.

5 07-12-2015


5 2 7 Passing of transmission line which would damage the trees, should be compensated

The risk that the project might cause residence problem for the locals.

6

07-12-2015


6 0 6 Transmission line related safety measures, the compensation package should be given

Safety measures against accidents.

7

07-12-2015


2 1 3 As the T/L is passing through their area the people want the project owners to engage the locals in project activities, as in, give them priority when providing jobs.


Page 58 of 129

6.5 Concerns Regarding the Project

During the field survey, people were asked about their views regarding the proposed Project. In general, local community has positive attitude towards this proposed Project that this will help to improve the electricity supply situation in the area. However, they were very much concerned about the acquisition of their entire land for the grid station and expressed they did not know that whether the compensation of land will be enough to enable them to purchase similar type of cultivated land in the area. They further expressed that settlement of families and the livelihood at some other place is a difficult task and may take one year or more to establish. Based on the consultations with the affected persons and general public, the following major concerns/ feedback were highlighted:

Compensation on the loss of crops and trees should be at replacement cost principle and paid before the start of construction activities.

Instead of cash payment of land, land of the same quality should be provided to them.

NTDC should provide free electricity to the affectees for their home and tube-wells for a period of 5 years.

About three-fourth of the total required unskilled/ semi-skilled labor should be taken from the local population. This opportunity will help to increase their household income of local population of the project area.

In some cases, local women are working in agriculture fields, so that their routine activities should not be disturbed due to the construction activities.

RoW clearance for installation of towers and transmission line should be minimum at the best possible extent.

6.6 Redressal of the Concerns

Most of the stakeholders’ concerns have been addressed by the Project as under:

NTDC has full-fledged department to assess the losses to be occurred during construction stage. All the damages will be compensated as per market rates. NTDC pays compensation at three steps for the loss of trees and crops. First

8 07-12-2015


7 2 9 As the session was held in the presence of Numberdar of this village, he proposed that the Project owners should also invest for the betterment of these areas, as they are deprived of many basic facilities and necessities.

Total 41 10 51


Page 59 of 129

payment is made at foundation stage, second at tower erection stage and third at wire stringing stage.

Route of the transmission line has been selected in a way that the settlements have been avoided. Hence the chances of disturbance to privacy of the locals are almost ruled out.

Proper soil stabilization/slope protection measures as per site conditions will be adopted during excavation for construction of foundations for towers.

To ensure the timely and transparently payments, a committee comprising political, government officials and stakeholders will be constituted.

Locals will be preferred and provided job opportunities during construction/operation of the Project.


Page 60 of 129

7. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

7.1 General

This Chapter identifies the potential impacts due to the implementation of 500 kV Faisalabad West grid station and its allied 500 kV transmission line (40 km) project on the physical, biological and social environment of the Project Area. The chapter also identifies measures that will help mitigate the project’s adverse environmental effects and enhances positive impacts.

7.2 Delineation of Project Corridor of Impact (COI)

Before proceeding to the environmental analysis of the Project, it is imperative to delineate the Project Area of Influence (PAI). The PAI has already been described in Section 5, which have been used for the environmental baseline information, impacts assessment and mitigation purposes. These are described briefly as under:

i. COI refers to the land within 500 meters around the proposed Grid Station boundary on each side, where the direct impacts may occur.

ii. ROW refers to a limit of 50 meters wide strip, i.e. 25 m from either side of the center line of 500 kV transmission line and 30 meters wide strip, i.e. 15 m from either side of the center line of 220 kV transmission line along the project route and has been considered for identifying the potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed project.

7.3 Project Impact Matrix

A project impact matrix helps in identifying the potential areas of impact and screens the project for environmental and social soundness. Each project component/activity is screened separately with regard to its design, construction and operation phases, and according to the various physical, biological and social parameters. Table 7.1 provides a project impact matrix which describes the significance of impacts due to the grid station project before the application of mitigation measures. Each positive and negative consequence has been assigned a level of impact in the form of high, medium, low, or insignificant/none.


Page 61 of 129

Table 7.1: Project Impact Matrix for Grid Station (Before Application of Mitigation Measures)

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

Hea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es

Project Siting

Project site, Land use and Design

N N N N -1 0 0 N N +1 N

Visual Impacts N N N N 0 N N N N N N

Construction Phase

Losses of Trees and Crops

-1 -1 N N -1 N N N N N N

Contractor Mobilization

-1 -1 N -1 -1 N -2 N -1 +1 N

Construction Camp Establishment

-1 -1 N -1 -1 N -2 N -1 +1 N

Construction Camp Operation

-2 -1 N -1 0 N -1 N -1 +1 N

Site Preparation -1 -1 N 0 -1 -1 -1 N -1 +1 N

Laying of Services

-1 -1 N 0 -1 -1 -1 N -1 +1 N

Construction of Grid Station

-1 -2 N 0 -1 -1 -2 N -1 +1 N

Construction Materials Supply

0 -2 N N -1 N -2 N -1 +1 N

Construction Crew Transportation

0 -1 N N N N -1 N -1 +1 N

Solid Waste Disposal

-2 -1 N -1 -0 -0 N N -1 +1 N

Sewage/Effluent Disposal

-2 -1 N -2 0 -1 N N -1 N N

Demobilization of Contractors

0 -1 N 0 0 0 -1 N 0 -1 N

Operation Phase

Operation of the Project

0 -1 N 0 0 N -1 N -1 +1 N

Repair/ Maintenance

0 0 N 0 N N 0 N -1 +1 N

Key: -2 = High negative impact, -1 = Low negative impact, 0 = insignificant/negligible negative, +1 = Low positive impact, +2 = High positive impact, N = No impact Table 7.2 provides a project impact matrix which describes the significance of impacts due to Grid Station after the application of mitigation measures.


Page 62 of 129

Table 7.2: Project Impact Matrix for Grid Station (After Application of Mitigation Measures)

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

H

ea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es

Project Siting


N N N N 0 0 0 N N +1 N


Construction Phase


0 0 N N 0 N N N N N N


0 0 N 0 0 N -1 N 0 +1 N


0 0 N 0 0 N -1 N 0 +1 N


-1 0 N -1 0 N -1 N 0 +1 N

Site Preparation 0 -1 N 0 0 -1 -1 N 0 +1 N

Laying of Services

0 -1 N 0 0 -1 -1 N 0 +1 N

Construction of Grid Station

0 -1 N 0 0 -1 -1 N 0 +1 N


N -1 N N 0 N -1 N 0 +1 N


N 0 N N N N 0 N 0 +1 N


-1 0 N 0 0 0 N N 0 +1 N


-1 N N -1 0 0 N N 0 N N


0 0 N 0 0 0 -1 N 0 -1 N

Operation Phase


-1 -1 N 0 0 N 0 N 0 +1 N

Repair/ Maintenance

-1 0 N 0 N N 0 N 0 +1 N

Table 7.3 provides a project impact matrix which describes the significance of impacts due to the development of transmission line before the application of mitigation measures. Each positive and negative consequence has been assigned a


Page 63 of 129

level of impact in the form of high, medium, low, or insignificant/none. Potential areas of impacts along with suggested mitigation measures are discussed in the subsequent sections.

Table 7.3: Project Impact Matrix for Transmission Line (Before Application of

Mitigation Measures)

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

H

ea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es

Project Siting


N N N N -1 N -1 -1 N +1 N

Visual Impacts N N N N -1 N N N N N N

Construction Phase


0 0 N N -1 N N -1 N N N


N N N N N N N N N N N





Site Preparation -1 -1 N 0 -1 -1 -1 N -1 +1 N

Laying of Services

0 0 N 0 0 N -1 N -1 +1 N

Construction of TL



0 -1 N 0 0 N -2 N -1 +1 N


N -1 N 0 0 -1 -1 N -1 +1 N


-1 0 N 0 0 -1 N N 0 +1 N





Operation Phase


N N N N N N -1 -2 0 +1 N

Repair/ N N N N N N -1 N 0 +1 N


Page 64 of 129

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

H

ea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es

Maintenance

Key: -2 = High negative impact, -1 = Low negative impact, 0 = insignificant/negligible negative, +1 = Low positive impact, +2 = High positive impact, N = No impact Table 7.4 provides a project impact matrix which describes the significance of impacts due to the development of transmission line after the application of mitigation measures.

Table 7.4: Project Impact Matrix for Transmission Line (After Application of

Mitigation Measures)

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

H

ea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es

Project Siting


N N N N 0 N -1 -1 N +1 N


Construction Phase


0 0 N N N N N 0 N N N







Site Preparation 0 0 N 0 0 0 -1 N 0 +1 N

Laying of Services

0 0 N 0 0 N -1 N -1 +1 N

Construction of DGS



0 0 N 0 0 N -1 N 0 +1 N


N 0 N 0 0 -1 -1 N 0 +1 N


0 0 N 0 0 0 N N 0 +1 N


Page 65 of 129

So

il

Air

Qu

ali

ty

Su

rfac

e W

ate

r

Gro

un

d W

ate

r

Ve

ge

tati

on

Wil

dlife

No

ise

&

Vib

rati

on

Co

mp

en

sa

tio

n

Iss

ues

Sa

fety

ha

za

rds

Pu

blic

H

ea

lth

an

d N

uis

an

ce

Em

plo

ym

en

t

Reli

gio

us

/

His

tori

ca

l

Sit

es





Operation Phase


N N N N N N -1 0 0 0 N

Repair/ Maintenance

N N N N N N -1 N 0 0 N

7.4 Impacts during pre-construction stage

7.4.1 Impact due to Land Acquisition

The proposed Project will involve the acquisition of land on permanent basis for construction of Grid Station and erection of towers for the allied Transmission Line as per NTDC practice. The approximate area required will be 50 acres. The land is private owned land, where section 4 of land acquisition Act has already been issued and it is expected that the land acquisition process will be completed soon. At present, land is used mostly for agriculture purposes.

7.4.2 Encroachment, Landscape and Physical Disfiguration

The extent of the proposed power expansion is moderate and will not extend beyond the power corridor created by the project. No significant landscape impacts are expected from construction of grid station and transmission line. The grid station construction will not pose any encroachment as it will be constructed in a boundary wall, which will be owned by NTDC. Mitigation Measures Disposal of surplus materials will be negotiated through local authority approvals prior to the commencement of construction, so that no obnoxious material is produced in the scrap.

7.4.3 Loss of Crops

The compensation of crops for proposed Grid Station site and transmission line will encounter cultivated lands and orchards. For construction of Grid Station and 40 km of Transmission Line tower stringing, 450 acres of crops will be damaged.


Page 66 of 129

Mitigation Measures Compensation of crops will be paid to the owners as per NTDC practice. An approximate amount of PKR 20 million has been estimated for the compensation of crops. The compensation payment process of NTDC is attached as Annex-VII.

7.5 Impacts during Construction Stage

A. PHYSICAL IMPACTS

7.5.1 Ambient Air Quality

Air quality will be affected by the fugitive dust and emissions from the construction machinery, and vehicular traffic during the construction phase. Emissions may be carried over long distances, depending on wind speed and direction, the temperature of the surrounding air, and atmospheric stability. These air emissions may contain Particulate matter (PM), Smoke, Dust, CO, SOx, NO2. The critical sources of air pollution during the construction phase are listed below:

Quarry areas that generate fugitive dust.

Earth haulage trucks that generate dust, particularly during transportation, loading and unloading processes.

Noxious gases emission by Construction equipment and vehicles.

Mitigation Measures

Good engineering practices will be used at quarry areas to minimize the impact of dust emissions.

Concrete batching plants will be equipped with dust control equipment such as fabric filters or wet scrubbers to reduce the level of dust emissions.

The NEQS applicable to gaseous emissions generated by the construction vehicles, equipment and machinery will be enforced during the construction works. Contractor should make sure that all equipment and vehicles are tested for emissions. Regular maintenance of equipment and vehicles will also control the incomplete combustion.

Where dust emissions are high, katcha tracks will be overlain with shingle or surface treated. Where necessary, dust emissions will be reduced by a regular sprinkling of water for keeping the dust settled, at least twice a day.

Haul-trucks carrying sand, aggregate and other materials will be kept covered with tarpaulin to help contain construction materials being transported within the body of each carrier between the sites.

NTDC will set up a system to monitor the air quality along the project corridor in accordance with the accepted international standards. The system will cover protocols for sampling and analysis, assessment of air quality at sensitive locations, reporting, and information sharing.

Ensure proper tuning of the construction vehicles.

Implementation of plantation plan for trees & plants

The construction material will be stored in the boundary wall and no disturbance to surrounding areas is expected. The contractor will be, however, required to provide a traffic management plan before commencement of work at site.


Page 67 of 129

The need for large stockpiles should be minimized by careful planning of the supply of materials from controlled sources. Stockpiles (if required) should not be located within 50m of schools, hospitals or other public amenities such as wells and pumps and should be covered with tarpaulins when not in use and at the end of the working day to enclose dust.

7.5.2 Noise Level

It is anticipated that powered mechanical equipment and some local labor with hand tool methods will be used to construct the project works. No blasting is anticipated. Powered mechanical equipment can generate significant noise and vibration. The cumulative effects from several machines can be significant. Noise and vibration from the construction of the towers would not be a major consideration as there are no schools or hospitals present nearby the construction site. Mitigation Measures

To minimize such impacts, the contractor for project should be requested by the construction supervision consultants (engineer) to provide evidence and certification that all equipment to be used for construction is fitted with the necessary air pollution and noise dampening devices to meet EPA requirements.

Noise will be controlled by monitoring at a distance of 100m from the boundary wall of any residential unit and while following the NEQS of 45dB (A).

Noise from construction of substations is not covered under any regulations however in order to keep in line with best international practice, it is recommended that construction should not be allowed during nighttime (9 PM to 6 AM).

All noisy equipment should be located within grid station or far away from Sensitive receptors as possible to prevent nuisances to dwellings and other structures from operation. However, if the noise still exceeds NEQS then noise barriers will be installed around the equipment to reduce the effects of the noise. Mitigation measures such as barriers installation should be discussed with the local population.

Vibration from construction of piles to support pads may be required for some tower construction and may be a significant impact but this should be short duration. Where vibration could become a major consideration (within say 100m of schools, religious premises, hospitals or residences) a building condition survey should take place prior to construction. The physical effect of piling should be assessed prior to construction and measures should be discussed with the local population as well as timing of the works to serve as a vehicle for further public consultation at the implementation stage and to assist in public relations. At nearby schools, the contractor shall discuss with the school principals the agreed time for operating these machines and completely avoid machine use near schools during examination times, if such a need arises.

Noise barriers should be installed for the workers working more than 8 hr/day during construction activities. Noise level from construction activity can be


Page 68 of 129

reduced by regular maintenance of machinery. Noise can be controlled through engineering control e.g. hammering actions can be substituted by hydraulic. Ensure that the workers are wearing PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs etc.) where engineering control is not applicable to reduce the impact of noise.

Table 7.5: National Environmental Quality Standards for Noise

S No.

Category of Area/Zone

Effective from 1st July, 2010

Effective from 1st July, 2012

Limit in dB(A) Leq*

Day time Night time

Day time Night time

1. Residential are (A) 65 50 55 45

2. Commercial area (B) 70 60 65 55

3. Industrial area (C) 80 75 75 65

4. Silence zone (D) 55 45 50 45

Note:

Day time hours: 6 .00 am to 10.00 pm

Night Time hours: 10.00 pm to 6.00 am

Silence zone: Zones which are declared as such by the competent authority. An area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts and courts.

Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the competent authority.

dB(A) Leq: time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.

7.5.3 Soil Erosion

Soil erosion may occur in the workshop areas as a result of improper runoff drawn from the equipment washing-yards and improper management of construction activities. Mitigation Measures Good engineering practices will help control soil erosion both at the construction sites and in peripheral areas, particularly at substation site, tower foundations and along the haul tracks. Controlled and well managed vehicular movement, excavation, vegetation and regular water sprinkling will reduce the chances of soil erosion.

7.5.4 Drainage

No impact is anticipated on the natural drainage by the implementation of the project. However temporary drainage system for toilets and workshop effluents needs to be developed.


Page 69 of 129

Mitigation Measures Design engineer will ensure appropriately sized drainage to avoid negative impacts due to sewage effluent. During construction phase, temporary drains and embankments would be necessarily made to channel the runoff appropriately.

7.5.5 Soil Contamination

Lands may get contaminated from the spillage of chemicals like fuels, solvents, oils, paints and other construction chemicals and concrete. This normally happens when these materials are transported in open or loosely capped containers. Unmanaged sewage can also contribute to contamination of soil. The possible contamination of soil by oils and chemicals at camp sites, workshop areas, and equipment washing-yards may limit the future use of land for vegetation purposes. Mitigation Measures Control measures will be needed for oily residues such as transformer oil and lubricants in the case of accidental or unexpected release. Transformer oil is supplied in drums from an imported source and tap tanks are topped up as necessary on site. There are facilities in some subproject DGS maintenance yards for recycling (dehydrating) oil from breakers. However the areas upon which these recycling facilities are located have no dedicated drainage which can capture run-off. Oily residues and fuel and any contaminated soil residues should be captured at source and refueling and maintenance should take place in dedicated areas away from surface water resources. Contaminated residues and waste oily residues should be disposed at a site agreed with the local authority. Transformer oil has a long life (typically over 15 years, which depends upon the level of load the transformer serves). Oil spills are very rare and are preempted by routine maintenance. Good housekeeping techniques should be used to control oil spillage. Responsible authority should ensure that the maintenance schedule of each piece of hardware is adhered to. Solid waste generated at the campsites will be properly treated and safely disposed of only in the demarcated waste disposal sites. Proper drainage system as suggested in section 7.5.4 will ensure proper disposal of sewage which will offset any impact on soil.

7.5.6 Cut and Fill and Waste Disposal

Disposal of surplus materials must also be negotiated through local authority approvals prior to the commencement of construction. The subproject work does not involve any significant cutting and filling but the excavations (down to 4m) and piling may be required to create the foundations for some towers (if required). It is envisaged (depending on the mode of contract) that the surface under the towers will need to be scrabbled to remove unstable materials, or to stockpile topsoil.


Page 70 of 129

Mitigation Measures

If surplus materials arise from the removal of the existing surfaces from specific areas, these should be used elsewhere on the subproject before additional soil, rock, gravel or sand is brought in. The use of immediately available material will generally minimize the need for additional rock based materials extraction from outside. Moreover, it will also save the cost of bringing the material from some other locations.

The project detailed designers have so far estimated that no substantial additional materials will be required subject to confirmation at the detailed design stage.

Contractual clauses should be included to require each contractor to produce a materials management plan (one month before construction commences) to identify all sources of cement and aggregates and to balance cut and fill. The plan should clearly state the methods to be employed prior to and during the extraction of materials and all the mitigation measures to be employed to mitigate nuisances to the local residents. Financial compensation shall not be allowed as mitigation for environmental impacts or environmental nuisance. Mitigation measures shall seek to control the impacts at source in the first place. The engineer shall be responsible to update the subproject cut and fill estimates and create Materials Master Plan to facilitate materials exchange between the different contract areas along the power line and sub-contractors on the power line and to provide an overall balance for materials and minimize impacts on local resources.

Waste management plan has been attached as Annex-VIII.

7.5.7 Impact on Water Resources

(a) Use of Local Water Supplies/Spring Water

Project lies in an agriculturally rich area, where there is no scarcity of water. Still use of local water supplies for construction purpose can create a big issue. As acknowledged during the public consultation, locals may not want to share their water supplies as they were concerned that sharing will disturb their agricultural activities and water will get contaminated. Mitigation Measures The following measures will be carried out to mitigate the impacts of tapping local community water resources, where required:

Approval from the local administration and representatives of the concerned departments will be obtained before using local water resources.

Camps will be located within the project boundary to prevent the contamination of community-owned water resources.

The contractors will be required to maintain close liaison with local communities to ensure that any potential conflicts relating to the common resource utilization for the project purposes are resolved quickly.

Guidelines will be established to minimize the wastage of water during the construction activities and at campsites.


Page 71 of 129

(b) Contamination of Surface and Ground Water

River Chenab is almost 30 km away from the project area hence project activities will cause no impact on it. Transmission line may also have to pass over canals used for agriculture and domestic purposes, the drains are present in AOI. It is anticipated that the project activities will not cause any impact on these surface water bodies as these are not near campsite, which lies within the Grid Station boundary, and no construction activity will be done near them.

Subsurface water resources may be contaminated by fuel and chemical spills, or by unmanaged solid waste and effluents generated by the kitchens and toilets at construction campsites.

Mitigation Measures Good management practices will be adopted to ensure that fuels and chemicals, raw sewage and wastewater effluent are disposed of in a controlled manner to reduce the risk of contamination. These measures are as described below:

Best engineered drainage channels will be established in the construction camps in order to facilitate the flow of the treated effluents.

Soakage pits and septic tanks will be established for the treatment of sewage effluents.

Wastewater effluent from the contractors’ workshops and equipment washing-yards will be passed through gravel/sand beds to remove oil/grease contaminants before discharging into the natural streams. According to the local laws, the BOD5 concentration in sewage must be brought down to less than 80 mg/l before being discharged into a natural stream with a capacity to dilute the effluent further by 10 times.

B. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT This section describes impacts on flora and fauna and corresponding mitigation measures.

7.5.8 Flora, Trees, Ecology and Protected Areas

There is no protected area, as per identification of National Conservation Strategy, inside or anywhere near the project. Around 12500 forest trees and 2500 fruit trees and some shrubs will have to be removed from the project land and along Transmission line. Wood trees include Jungli Kikar (Acacia niloica), Sufaida (Eucalyptus), Aak (Calo tropis), Sheesam (Dilbergia Sisso) and Jandh (Prosopis cineraria). Fruit trees include Citrus, Gauva and Date palms. Dust during the construction phase will also cause an adverse impact on surrounding orchards and crops. Mitigation Measures Trees will be enumerated species wise and compensatory plantation will be arranged along roads and paths within the campus or outside the campus through forestry. To replace the removed trees sufficient areas will be identified to allow




Page 72 of 129

plantation of trees at a rate of 5:1. Moreover, owners of the affected trees will be paid compensation for their loss. An approximate sum of PKR 7.5 million is estimated for compensation of trees. In addition to this, the contractor will be requested to spray water twice or thrice a day (as per needed) to avoid dispersal of dust on the adjacent flora.

7.5.9 Wildlife and Fauna

Mammals, Amphibians, birds and reptiles will be disturbed with the clearance of flora and leveling of land. Birds can easily fly away to trees outside the campus or to the trees which are retained from original flora. Moreover grazing activity of animals will also be disturbed. During construction stage noise and movement of heavy machinery for road construction, shall disturb the fauna of the area as the reptiles like lizard and snakes may get killed or move to the adjoining areas. Similarly, avifauna shall be disturbed and scared away due to disturbance of habitat. Trees provide resting and nesting places to the birds. Their removal shall have a negative effect on the fauna. Movement of vehicles near corridors of grazing cattle/slow moving animals may cause danger to their lives and require special attention by provision of sign boards and educating the drivers of construction vehicles. As there are no endangered species present near the project area so there is any potential impact on the endangered species by the execution of the project. Mitigation Measures

While constructing boundary wall around the project campus, outlets near the ground surface will be provided at suitable intervals in order to facilitate the mammals and reptiles to migrate out of the disturbed campus. As far as possible, some parts of original habitat should be retained.

Moreover Vehicle speed will be controlled to avoid incidental mortality of small mammals and reptiles.

Staff working on the project will be given clear orders, not to shoot or trap any bird.

Lights used in the camps, during construction of towers will be kept to the minimum requirement. Upward scattering lights will preferably be used.

There will be adjacent areas available for grazing; hence the grazing activity of animals will not be affected.

C. SOCIOECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT This section describes the impact of the proposed Project on local communities, construction workers, indigenous and vulnerable people as well as on structures or sites of cultural and religious significance.

7.5.10 Impacts on Local Communities/Workforce

The area’s surrounding communities will be affected during the construction phase as follows:


Page 73 of 129

During the construction phase the general mobility of the local residents and their livestock in and around the project area is likely to be hindered.

Unmonitored construction activities, e.g. excavation, equipment movement etc. may create accident risks.

Usage of community’s common resources like potable water, fuel wood etc. by contractor’s workforce may create conflicts between the community and the contractor.

Induction of outside workers in the contractor labor may cause cultural issues with the local community.

Theft problems to the community by the contractor workers and vice versa. Mitigation Measures The presence of migrant construction workers inevitably causes some degree of social unease and even active disputes with the local community as a result of cultural differences. Potential social conflict will be contained by implementing the measures listed below:

Temporarily and for short duration, the contractor has to select specific timings for stringing so as to cause least botheration to the local population considering their peak movement hours.

Approval from the local administration will be obtained before using the local resources such as wood and water.

The contractors will be required to maintain close liaison with the local communities to ensure that any potential conflicts related to common resource utilization for the project purposes are resolved quickly.

Contractor will take care of the local community and sensitivity towards the local customs and traditions will be encouraged.

Effective construction controls by the contractor to avoid inconvenience to the locals due to noise, smoke and fugitive dust.

Haul-trucks carrying concrete, aggregate and sand fill materials will be kept covered with tarpaulin to help contain construction materials being transported between the sites.

Good relations with the local communities will be promoted by encouraging contractors to provide opportunities for skilled and unskilled employment to the locals, as well as on-the-job training in construction for young people. Contractor will restrict his permanent staff to mix with the locals to avoid any social problems.

Local vendors will be provided with regular business by purchasing campsite goods and services from them.

The Contractor will warn the workers not to involve in any theft activities and if anyone found guilty of such activities, he will have to pay heavy penalty and would be handed over to police. Similarly, at the time of employing, Contractor has to take care that the workers should be of good repute. The Contractor camp will be properly fenced and main gate will be locked at night with a security guard to check the theft issues from community side.

7.5.11 Indigenous, Vulnerable and Women Headed Households

During the social field survey of the project, no indigenous group of people was identified, which comes under the definition of “Indigenous People”. So,


Page 74 of 129

no impact on the indigenous people is envisaged due to the implementation of the project.

No women headed household was identified during the social survey of the Project.

Mitigation Measures

As referred earlier, no indigenous people and women headed households have been identified in or along the Project corridor, so no mitigation is required.

7.5.12 Public Health and Safety Hazards

Construction of Grid Station and Transmission will require large number of workers who will obviously be accommodated in congested temporary camps. This scenario may lead to spreading of diseases like Malaria, Cholera, Typhoid, Hepatitis A, B and C etc.

Occurrence of accidents/incidents during the construction stage is a common phenomenon as evident from previous experience of NTDC.

During the operation stage, people believe that they will be prone to danger due to the current flows from towers, breaking of conductors, etc.

Safety of general public at construction sites.

During the operational stage electric current (induction) may travel into the substation and will become a hazard to the public/animals.

Mitigation Measures

In construction camps, amenities of life including clean food, water and sanitation facilities must be provided. Contractor will arrange first aid boxes in the temporary camps. Routine medical check-ups of all the field staff including unskilled labor needs to be conducted by an MBBS doctor.

The other source of pollution from the camps will be from garbage and waste. Apparently, there are no solid waste disposals facilities in the villages located in the vicinity of the road and solid waste will have to be disposed of at safe site.

Complying with the safety precautions for construction workers as per International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62, as far as applicable to the project contract.

Workers should be trained in construction safety procedures and environmental awareness.

Equipping all construction workers with PPEs such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, and protective masks, and monitoring their proper and sustained usage.

Contractor will ensure the provision of medicines, first aid kits, vehicle, etc. at the camp site.

Safety lookouts will be built to prevent people and vehicles from passing at the time of excavation and other activities of such sort.

Cordon off the work areas where necessary.

It is recommended that NTDC at the planning stage of the project shall plan necessary arrangements in the form of earthing system to avoid accidents.

An Emergency Response Plan has been attached as Annex-IX.


Page 75 of 129

7.5.13 Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites

The location of mosques and other cultural and other heritage SR sites has been reviewed. There is no mosque, graveyard, tomb or any other religious/archaeological site within 100m boundary from the edge of the Subproject; therefore, no impact on the site is expected. There will be sufficient buffer distance between the works and all the SR such that no significant impacts can be expected.

7.5.14 Sanitation, Solid Waste Disposal, Communicable Diseases

The main issues of concern are uncontrolled or unmanaged disposal of solid and liquid wastes into watercourses and natural drains, improper disposal of storm water and black water and open defecation by construction workers. Mitigation Measures

In order to maintain proper sanitation around construction sites, access to the nearby lavatories will be allowed or provision of temporary toilets will be made. Construction worker camps will be necessary, based on the scale of the works needed. The construction camp will be provided with toilets with soakage pits or portable lavatories or at least pit latrines.

Disposal of surplus materials must also be negotiated through local authority approvals prior to the commencement of construction. The Subproject work will not involve any significant cutting and filling but minor excavations (down to 4m) and piling may be required to create the foundations for the new transformers and for some towers (if required). It is envisaged (depending on the mode of contract) that the surface under the towers will need to be scrabbled to remove unstable materials, or to stockpile topsoil.

If surplus materials arise from the removal of the existing surfaces from specific areas, it will be used elsewhere on the subproject before additional soil, rock, gravel or sand is brought in. The use of immediately available material will generally minimize the need for additional rock based materials extraction from outside.

Contractual clauses will require the contractor to produce a materials management plan (one month before construction commences) to identify all sources of cement and aggregates and to balance cut and fill. The plan should clearly state the methods to be employed prior to and during the extraction of materials and all the mitigation measures to be employed to mitigate nuisances to local residents. Financial compensation shall not be allowed as mitigation for environmental impacts or environmental nuisance.

Contractual clauses will require the contractor to produce a solid waste management plan so that proper disposal of waste can be ensured.

7.5.15 Disease Vectors

Wherever water is allowed to accumulate, in temporary drainage facilities, due to improper storm water management, or improper disposal of wastewater generated from the site, it can offer a breeding site for mosquitoes and other insects. Vectors


Page 76 of 129

such as mosquitoes may be encountered if open water is allowed to accumulate at the construction camp site. Mitigation Measures Temporary and permanent drainage facilities should therefore be designed to facilitate the rapid removal of surface water from all areas and prevent the accumulation of surface water ponds.

7.6 Impacts during Operational Stages

7.6.1 Air Pollution and Noise from the Enhanced Operations

The project works will extend the power distribution lines. No houses, mosques or schools are close to the new Grid Station in the operational phase. The operation of the facility is not likely to cause any appreciable increase in the noise level already generated by the existing equipment. However, it is recommended that an acoustical check be made on the detailed design to determine of any noise barriers are required. There is no source of atmospheric pollution from the subproject. In the operational phase any nearby industrial facilities with fuel powered mechanical equipment will be the main polluters. All the emissions will be very well dissipated in the open terrain and there will be no cumulative effect from the subproject. Noise impacts from the operation of the Grid Station equipment will be reviewed at the detailed design stage. The NEQS for noise close to residential areas will be complied with 45 dB(A) Leq (exterior, boundary of Grid Station).

7.6.2 Pollution from Oily Run-Off, Fuel Spills and Dangerous Goods

Impacts from spillage of oily residues such as transformer oil and lubricants are expected to arise in this subproject. However control measures will be needed in the case of accidental or unexpected release. Mitigation Measures Transformer oil is supplied in drums from an imported source and tap tanks are topped up as necessary on site. There are facilities in some subproject DGS maintenance yards for recycling (dehydrating) oil from breakers. However the areas upon which these recycling facilities are located have no dedicated drainage which can capture run-off. Oily residues and fuel and any contaminated soil residues should be captured at source and refueling and maintenance should take place in dedicated areas away from water resources. Contaminated residues and waste oily residues should be disposed at a site agreed with the local authority. Transformer oil has a long life (typically over 15 years, which depends upon the level of load the transformer serves). Oil spills are very rare and are preempted by routine maintenance. Good housekeeping techniques should be used to control oil spillage.


Page 77 of 129

Responsible authority should ensure that the maintenance schedule of each piece of hardware is adhered to.

7.6.3 Impacts on Ecological Resources

No more tree cutting is to take place, during the operation stage .On the other hand, tree plantation, on the ratio of 5:1 will improve the ecological habitat and environmental conditions of the project area and thus enable the scared away avifauna to return to this area. New plantations will not only compensate for the loss of trees, but will also add to the aesthetics of the area. There will be healthy and positive impacts on flora and fauna during the operation stage. Substation operation will enhance the risks for reptiles, amphibians and mammals and they will prefer not to return to the area, thus causing a minor negative impact. Sufficient funds will be allocated to maintain the trees at operation stage and the local communities would be also involved for the maintenance of these plants. This will ultimately have a positive impact.

7.7 Enhancements

Environmental enhancements are not a major consideration within the project site. However it is noted that it is common practice to create some local hard and soft landscaping and successful planting of fruit trees at such sites. This practice should be encouraged as far as practicable. Other opportunities for enhancements can be assessed prior to construction and proposed enhancements will be discussed with the local population to serve as a vehicle for further public consultation at the implementation stage and to assist in public relations.

7.8 Environmental and Social Risk Assessment

The common environmental risks as assessed on the basis of consultations with the stakeholders are as under:

The local people believe that their movement will be restricted in the project area due to Electro Magnetic Field (EMF), and it may have adverse impacts on their health. EMF due to EHV can cause the risk of leukemia, which is a disease in which white blood cells mutate and become cancerous before maturity. These cells are important in fighting against infection in the body. Leukemia also slows down the production of red blood cells that are needed to carry oxygen in the second leading cause of death for children ages 2-15 years.

People have to bear an excessive noise due to the current flow in the conductors especially in rainy season.

The electronic devices/equipment may fail to work when passing under the EHV transmission lines.

The allied transmission line may become a danger to the movement of birds and fatalities may occur if someone sits on the conductor.

Mitigation


Page 78 of 129

The proposed mitigation measures for the above environmental risks are as under:

7.8.1 Effect of Electro Magnetic Field (EMF)

Different studies are carried out in Britain to find out the effects of EHV on children particularly with reference to leukemia. British study suggested that children who live close to high voltage overhead power lines may be at an increased risk of leukemia. Although the researchers have made efforts to identify the effects of EHV related to leukemia but there is no panic because the researchers cannot prove that the power lines are the cause of leukemia. They have admitted that their findings may be due to some chance. Since the project has been planned in the least populated area, even if some effects due to EMF are envisaged, these will be minimal due to safe distance. Similarly a vertical clearance required as per international standards will also be maintained especially near the populated areas. During operation stage check will be kept by the NTDC that no construction will be allowed within 100 m of the substation and transmission line.

7.8.2 Excessive Noise Problem

Due to the EMF around the substation, noise is generated during the ionization of the ambient air. Such a situation occurs with more severity in the rainy season when moisture in the air is relatively high. It may generate discomfort due to the noise generated during the ionization process. To overcome this problem, the route has been selected passing through the least populated area. Construction of houses within the project corridor will be prohibited and NTDC will make sure to check such type of construction during the operation stage. NTDC is providing extra vertical and horizontal clearances as compared to the international standards as an additional factor of safety. This will also reduce the noise intensity.

7.8.3 Failure to Work of Electronic Devices/Equipment

The failure of electronic devices/equipment to work under the EHV transmission line is a common apprehension of the stakeholders. To avoid this risk, NTDC has planned to keep excessive clearance as compared to international standards. If proper required clearance is provided, the severity of the risk is minimized, for which observations were made in the field under the existing EHV transmission lines deliberately. Secondly, as the selected route will not pass close to the settlements, the risk is also minimized.

7.8.4 Danger to Bird Movements

Since there is an EMF around the high voltage transmission lines and excessive noise, birds do not sit on the conductors. However, even if the birds sit on the conductors, the danger will arise if two phases of the current meet, but as there is sufficient distance between the two opposite phased conductors; no danger to the birds is envisaged.


Page 79 of 129

7.9 Environmental and Social Benefits of the Project

Although there will be some insignificant and temporary negative effects of the Project during implementation and operation stage, but a large number of positive effects on environment and social settings of the area are also expected. Load Shedding is a hot issue these days due to huge difference in production and demand of electricity. The major positive impacts of the proposed Project on environment and social settings of the Project area include:

Provision of more reliable supply of electricity to the consumers.

Fulfillment of power demand for rural electrification program etc.

Improvement in living standard of local population.

Creation of small business services.

Creation of new job opportunities for local communities.

Development of new accommodation facilities and the local people will be exposed to new income generation opportunities.

Socio economic uplifts of the community such as improved production, incomes and market activities.

Tube wells electrification which will provide additional water for irrigation, increase cropped areas and also production.

Developments of new industries in the area will create gainful employment to the increasing work force.

Additional revenues to Government exchequer from the levy of taxes on finished goods, electricity duty due to additional sale of power & GST etc.


Page 80 of 129

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN

8.1 GENERAL

This Chapter provides an overall approach for managing and monitoring the environment related issues and describes the institutional framework and resource allocations proposed by NTDC to implement the EMMP for 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station and its allied Transmission Line. The main objectives of EMP are to:

Provide the details of the project impacts along with the proposed mitigation measures, and a corresponding implementation schedule.

Define the responsibilities of the project proponent, contractor, supervisory consultants and other role players, and effectively communicate environmental issues among them.

Define a monitoring mechanism, reporting frequency, auditing and identifying monitoring parameters to ensure that all the mitigation measures are completely and effectively implemented.

Identify the resources required to implement the EMP and outline the corresponding financing arrangements.

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

The environmental protection and enhancement are achieved in various ways. These approaches should begin right at the embryonic stage, i.e. i) project location, ii) design, specifications and tender/contract documents, iii) construction activities and iv) post completion activities i.e. operation and maintenance stage. Appropriate environmental management measures are required to be exercised in a cascade order by NTDC at each stage of the project. In this way, it is envisaged that the Project will achieve maximum ongoing cost-effectiveness, environmental sustainability and social soundness, far beyond the end of implementation of the Project. All the stages of the Project have to be managed by adopting the proposed environmental mitigation measures, where, besides engineering aspects, due importance is to be accorded to mitigation measures which make a perfect blending with the surrounding ecosystem. The key environmental and social issues, which have already been discussed in Chapter 7 are as under:

Land acquisition for project implementation on the private land

Contamination of air, water and soil during the construction activities

Borrowing of aggregate materials

Soil erosion and soil contamination

Impact of noise generated by vehicles, machinery and equipment during the construction activities

Impact on community and work force safety as a result of accident hazards during the construction and operation of the project

Vegetation clearing for tower foundations and establishment of camp facilities


Page 81 of 129

An Environmental Management Plan is provided in Table 8.1, which establishes the linkages between the environmental and social impacts, mitigation strategy and the agencies responsible for execution.


Page 82 of 129

Table 8.1: Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Concern

Objectives Mitigation Measures (MM) Recommended

Timing to Implement

MM

Location to Implement

MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

DESIGN STAGE

1. Social Impacts

To ensure that the adverse impacts on crops and trees are mitigated according to the LARP provisions.

1. NTDC to select the route in a way that minimum impact on trees and crops occur.

2. Assessment of losses of tree and crops damages (if any) due to construction of transmission line towers.

3. Preparation of LARP for the proposed project before commencement of construction activities.

4. All the payments / entitlements are paid according to the Entitlement Matrix, prepared according to the LARP.

5. All the impacts identified by the IEE are incorporated in to the project as well as the LARP and relevant entitlements included

Before the construction of the transmission line and all other structures, the APs should be given sufficient time and compensation to satisfy them.

Affected Persons will be compensated by NTDC through its land acquisition officers.

NTDC / LAOs

MC and External Monitors


Page 83 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

into the Entitlement Matrix.

2. Hydrological Impacts

To minimize hydrological and drainage impacts during constructions.

1. Hydrological flow in areas where it is sensitive, such as water courses or bridges and culverts.

2. Adequate culverts should be provided where any water channel is needed to be crossed for transmission line construction activities.

Before the commencement of construction activities/during designing stage.

Considered locations are as in the design report.

NTDC with the Design Consultant

NTDC

3. Noise Barriers

Ensure cumulative noise impacts are acceptable in operational phase.

1. Conduct detailed acoustic assessment for all residential buildings, schools, (other sensitive structures) within 50m of RoW.

2. If noise at sensitive receiver exceeds the permissible limit, the construction activities should be monitored and controlled.

During detailed design stage, and in include in the contract.

Noise sensitive locations to be identified after detailed design.

NTDC with the design consultant

NTDS and Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC if any)

4. Waste Disposal

Ensure adequate disposal options for

1. Identify sufficient locations for disposal

1. During designing

Locations approved by

EPA and NTDC with

NTDC and CSC


Page 84 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

all waste including unsuitable soils, scrap metal.

of transformer oils, unsuitable soils, scrap metal “cradle to grave”.

2. Include in contracts for unit rates for re-measurement for disposal.

3. Designate disposal sites in the contract and cost unit disposal rates accordingly.

4. Prepare a PCB spill handling procedure and equip such teams with special clothing, steel containers and solvents.

stage no later than pre-qualification or tender negotiations.

2. Include in the contract.

EPA and NTDC and waste disposal local authorities.

the design consultant

5. Temporary Drainage and

Erosion Control

Include mitigation in Preliminary and detailed designs for erosion control and temporary drainage.

1. Identify locations where drainage or irrigation crossing RoW may be affected by works.

2. Include in protection works contract as a payment milestone(s).

During designing stage no later than pre-qualification or tender negotiations.

Locations based on drainage or irrigation crossing RoW.

NTDC and Design Consultant

NTDC and CSC

6. Avoidance of Sensitive and

High Value

The sitting of transmission facilities must seek

When sitting in such areas cannot be avoided altogether, the

During designing stage no later

Locations based on crossing

NTDC and Design Consultant

NTDC and CSC


Page 85 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

Areas to avoid to the maximum extent possible areas of high ecological, cultural, economic, and aesthetic value and sensitivity.

area of disruption should be minimized and the impacts mitigated.

than pre-qualification or tender negotiations

RoW

7. EMF Reduction

Although the health effects of chronic exposure to EMFs from AC transmission lines remain scientifically uncertain, many utilities and regulatory authorities employ EMF reduction practices as a precautionary measure, usually within the limit of a few percent of overall project cost. Utilities seek to keep annual average magnetic field intensities at the edge of the

• Raising conductor height above the ground, typically by increasing tower height.

• Reducing conductor spacing.

• Arranging phases so that fields tend to cancel.

• Increasing transmission voltage (since magnetic field intensities are a function of current, and increased voltage, all things being

Design Stage Project Area NTDC NTDC


Page 86 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

right-of-way below about 10 mG (milli-Gauss).

equal, will result in reduced current).

• Reducing loads (and therefore, currents).

• Increasing right-of-way widths or buffer zone widths, to move people further from transmission lines.

CONSTRUCTION STAGE

1. Hydrology and Drainage Aspects

To ensure the proper implementation of any requirements mentioned in EPA conditions of approval letter in relation to Hydrology of the project.

1. Consideration of weather conditions when particular construction activities are undertaken.

2. Limitations on excavation depths in use of recharge areas for material exploitation or spoil disposal.

3. Use of landscaping as an integrated

1. Prepare a thorough plan to be approved by SC one month prior to a commencement of construction.

2. Proper timetable

1. Locations of each construction activity to be listed by the engineer.

2. Special locations are identified along the

CSC or NTDC to actively supervise and enforce

NTDC


Page 87 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

component of construction activity as an erosion control measure.

4. Minimizing the removal of vegetative cover as much as possible and providing for its restoration where construction sites have been cleared of such areas.

prepared in consideration with the climatic conditions of each area, the different construction activities mentioned here to be guided.

RoW by the contractor to minimize disturbance.

3. A list of locations of irrigation channels/ drains to be compiled by the contractor.

2. Orientation for Contractors, and Workers

To ensure that the CSC, contractor and workers understand and have the capacity to ensure the environmental requirements and implementation of mitigation measures.

1. NTDC to engage environmental specialist in the PMC to monitor and progress all environmental statutory and recommended obligations.

2. Conduct special briefing for managers

Induction of all relevant staff required for implementation of EMP. At early stages of construction for all construction

All staff members in all categories. Monthly induction and six month refresher course as necessary

Contractor and the CSC and record details

NTDC & CSC to observe and record success


Page 88 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

and / or on-site training for the contractors and workers on the environmental requirement of the project. Record attendance and achievement test.

3. Agreement on critical areas to be considered and necessary mitigation measures, among all parties who are involved in project activities.

4. Continuous progress review and refresher sessions to be followed.

employees as far as reasonably practicable.

until contractor complies.

3. Water Quality

To prevent adverse water quality impacts due to negligence and ensure unavoidable impacts are managed effectively. Ensure adverse impacts on water quality

1. Compile temporary drainage management plan one month before commencement of works.

2. Proper installation of Temporary Drainage (TD) and Erosion Control (EC) before works within 50 m of

Prior to construction, 50 m from water bodies. Timing will depend on the construction timetable.

Relevant locations to be determined in the detailed project design

1.Contractor CSC to enforce 2. Contractor has to check water quality and report to NTDC.

NTDC review results


Page 89 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

caused by construction activities are minimized.

water bodies. 3. Proper construction of

TD and EC measures, maintenance and management including training of operators and other workers to avoid pollution of water bodies by the considerate operation of construction machinery and equipment.

4. Storage of lubricants, fuels and other hydrocarbons in self-contained dedicated enclosures >50m away from water bodies.

5. Proper disposal of solid waste from construction activities and labor camps.

6. Cover the construction material and spoil stockpiles with a suitable material to reduce material loss

3. CSC supervises monitoring activities.


Page 90 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

and sedimentation and avoid stockpiling near to water bodies.

7. Topsoil stripped material shall not be stored where natural drainage will be disrupted.

8. Borrow sites (if required) should not be close to sources of drinking water.

4. Air Quality

To minimize effectively and avoid complaints due to the airborne particulate matter released to the atmosphere.

1. Control all dusty materials at source.

2. All heavy equipment and machinery shall be fitted in full compliance with the national and local regulations. (Relevant regulations are in the Motor vehicles fitness rules and Highway Act).

3. Stockpiled soil and sand shall be slightly wetted before loading, particularly in windy conditions.

All construction sites within 100 m of sensitive receivers.

A list of locations to be included in contract and other sensitive areas identified by the CSC along the ROW during works.

Contractor should maintain acceptable standard CSC to supervise activities.

NTDC/CSC


Page 91 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

4. Fuel-efficient and well-maintained haulage trucks shall be employed to minimize exhaust emissions.

5. Vehicles transporting soil, sand and other construction materials shall be covered.

6. Limitations to speeds of such vehicles necessary. Transport through densely populated area should be avoided.

7. To plan to minimize the dust within the vicinity of orchards and fruit farms.

8. Spraying of bare areas with water.

9. Concrete plants to be controlled in line with statutory requirements should not be close to sensitive receptors.

5. Noise / Ground Vibration

To minimize noise level increases and ground vibrations

1. All heavy equipment and machinery shall be fitted in full

Maximum allowable noise levels

During construction stage, the

Contractor should maintain the

NTDC / CSC


Page 92 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

during construction operations.

compliance with the national and local regulations and with effective silencing apparatus to minimize noise.

2. As a rule, the operation of heavy equipment shall be conducted in daylight hours.

3. Hammer- type percussive pile driving operations shall be not be allowed at night time.

4. Construction equipment, which generates excessive noise, shall be enclosed or fitted with effective silencing apparatus to minimize noise.

5. Well-maintained haulage trucks will be used with speed controls.

6. Contractor shall take

should be below 80 dB (A) LEQ at the boundary of the construction site.

most sensitive locations need special attention.

acceptable standards CSC to supervise relevant activities.


Page 93 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

adequate measures to minimize noise nuisance in the vicinity of construction sites by way of adopting available acoustic methods.

6. Soil Erosion/ Surface Run-off

Prevent adverse water quality impacts due to negligence and ensure unavoidable impacts are managed effectively. To minimize soil erosion due to the construction activities of towers, stringing of conductors and creation of access tracks for project vehicles.

1. Schedule works in sensitive areas (e.g. rivers) for dry season

2. Temporary erosion control plan one month before commencement of works.

3. Proper installation of TD and EC before works within 50m of water bodies.

4. Meaningful water quality monitoring up and downstream at any tower site within a river or stream during construction. Rapid reporting and feedback to CSC.

5. Back-fill should be compacted properly in

Because the area can be subject to un seasonal heavy rain plan before and during construction (cut and fill, land reclamation etc.) while considering the climatic conditions.

1. Locations based on history of flooding problems.

2. A list of sensitive areas during construction to be prepared by the detail design consultant in consideration with the cut and fill,

Contractor and CSC

NTDC/ CSC


Page 94 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

accordance with design standards and graded to original contours where possible.

6. Cut areas should be treated against flow acceleration while filled areas should be carefully designed to avoid improper drainage.

7. Stockpiles should not be formed within such distances behind excavated or natural slopes that would reduce the stability of the slopes.

8. In the short-term, either temporary or permanent drainage works shall protect all areas susceptible to erosion.

9. Measures shall be taken to prevent pounding of surface water and scouring of

land reclamation, borrow areas etc.

3. Locations of all culverts, irrigation channels, road and highway.


Page 95 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

slopes. Newly eroded channels shall be backfilled and restored to natural contours.

10. Contractor should arrange to adopt suitable measures to minimize soil erosion during the construction period. Contractor should consult concerned authorities in the area before deciding mitigation measures.

11. Clearing of green surface cover to be minimized during site preparation.

12. Replanting trees to be done before the site is vacated and handed back to NTDC with appropriate trees (other vegetation cover as appropriate) to ensure interception of rainwater and the deceleration of surface


Page 96 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

run-off.

7. Exploitation Handling, Transportation and Storage of Construction Materials

To minimize contamination of the surroundings (Due to Implementation of works, concrete and crushing plants).

1. In order to minimize and or avoid adverse environmental impacts arising out of construction material exploitation, handling, transportation and storage measures to be taken in line with any EPA conditions/recommendations in approval.

2. Conditions that apply for selecting sites for material exploitation.

3. Conditions that apply to timing and use of roads for material transport.

4. Conditions that apply for maintenance of vehicles used in material transport or construction.

5. Conditions that apply for selection of sites for material storage.

6. Conditions that apply

Update monthly

1. List of borrow areas to be prepared one month prior to construction. 2. List of routes of transport of construction material is to be prepared for the contract and agreed one month prior to construction. 3. Report of vehicle conditions is available. 4. Map of locations of storage is prepared by the

Contractor and CSC to agree format of reporting

NTDC/CSC


Page 97 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

for aggregate production.

7. Conditions that apply for handling hazardous or dangerous materials such as oil, lubricants and toxic chemicals.

contractor. 5. Environmental accident checklist and a list of banned substances are included in the contractor’s manual.

8. Construction Waste Disposal

Minimize the impacts from the disposal of construction waste.

1. Waste management plan to be submitted to the CSC and approved by MC one month prior to starting works.

2. Estimating the amounts and types of construction waste to be generated by the project.

3. Investigating whether the waste can be reused in the project or by other interested parties.

4. Identifying potential safe disposal sites

Update monthly

A list of temporary stockpiling areas and more permanent dumping areas to be prepared at the contract stage for agreement

Contractor and CSC should supervise and take action to complete contractor’s relevant activities according to EIA/IEE/ EMP requirement & environmental standards.

NTDC/ CSC


Page 98 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

close to the project or those designated sites in the contract.

5. Investigating the environmental conditions of the disposal sites and recommendation of most suitable and safest sites.

6. Piling up of loose material should be done in segregated areas to arrest washing out of soil. Debris shall not be left where it may be carried by water to downstream flood plains, dams, lagoons etc.

7. Used oil and lubricants shall be recovered and reused or removed from the site in full compliance with the national and local regulations.

8. Oily wastes must not


Page 99 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

be burned. Disposal location to be agreed with local authorities/EPA.

9. Machinery should be properly maintained to minimize oil spill during the construction.

10. Solid waste should be disposed at an approved solid waste facility, open burning is illegal and contrary to good environmental practice

9. Work Camp Operation and Location

To ensure that the operation of work camps does not adversely affect the surrounding environment and residents in the area.

1. Identify location of work camps in consultation with local authorities. The location shall be subject to approval by the NTDC. If possible, camps shall not be located near settlements or near drinking water supply intakes.

2. Cutting of trees shall

Update once a month

Location Map is prepared by the Contractor.

Contractor NTDC/ MC


Page 100 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

be avoided and removal of vegetation shall be minimized.

3. Water and sanitary facilities (at least pit latrines) shall be provided for employees. Worker camp and latrine sites to be backfilled and marked upon vacation of the sites.

4. Solid waste and sewage shall be managed according to the national and local regulations. As a rule, solid waste must not be dumped, buried or burned at or near the project site, but shall be disposed off to the nearest sanitary landfill or site having complied with the necessary permission of local authority permission

5. The Contractor shall organize and maintain


Page 101 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

a waste separation, collection and transport system.

6. The Contractor shall document that all liquid and solid hazardous and non-hazardous waste are separated, collected and disposed of according to the given requirements and regulations.

7. At the conclusion of the project, all debris and waste shall be removed. All temporary structures, including office buildings, shelters and toilets shall be removed.

8. Exposed areas shall be planted with suitable vegetation.

9. NTDC and Supervising Engineer shall inspect and report that the camp has been vacated and restored


Page 102 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

to pre-project conditions.

10. Loss of Trees and Vegetation Cover of the Areas for Towers and Temporary Work-space

To avoid several negative impacts due to removing of landmark, sentinel and specimen trees as well as green vegetation and surface cover.

1. Land holders will be paid compensation for their standing trees in accordance with prevailing market rates (LARP). The land holders will be allowed to salvage the wood of the affected trees. They will also be encouraged to plant suitable new trees outside the 30 meter corridor of the transmission line in lieu of tree removed.

2. The contractor’s staff and labor will be strictly directed not to damage any vegetation such as

Rerouting and site identification during design stage and other matters during construction of relevant activities

A list of Locations with a Map to be compiled by the design consultant during detailed design and CSC to update as necessary.

Design consultant, Contractor and CSC

NTDC/CSC


Page 103 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

trees or bushes. 3. In order to save

the affected orchards (if any), Transmission Line route will need to be changed. However, if unavoidable, use of towers with maximum height will be resorted to.

4. Clearing of green surface cover for construction, for borrow of for development, cutting trees and other important vegetation during construction should be minimized.

5. Landscaping and road verges to be re-installed on completion.

6. Compensatory planting of


Page 104 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

trees/shrubs/ornamental plants (at a rate of 5:1) to contribute to the aesthetic value of the area and compensate for the lost capability of the area to absorb carbon dioxide in line with best international practice.

7. At completion all debris and waste shall be removed.

8. All temporary structures, including office buildings, shelters and toilets shall be removed.

11. Safety Precautions for the Workers

To ensure safety of workers

1. Providing adequate warning signs.

2. Providing workers with skull guard or hard hat.

3. Contractor shall instruct his workers in health and safety

Prior to commencement and during construction

Location to be identified by the CSC with contractor.

Contractor and CSC

NTDC/ CSC


Page 105 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

matters, and require the workers to use the provided safety equipment.

4. Establish all relevant safety measures as required by law and good engineering practices.

12. Traffic Condition

Minimize disturbance of vehicular traffic and pedestrians during haulage of construction materials, spoil and equipment and machinery, blocking access roads during works damage/maintenance problems for roads and bridges used by the haulage trucks, dust nuisance to school and hospitals.

1. Submit temporary haul and access routes plan one month prior to start of works.

2. Formulate and implementation of a plan of alternate routes for heavy vehicles.

3. Vicinity of schools and hospitals to be considered.

4. Installation of traffic warning signs, and enforcing traffic regulations during transportation of materials and equipment and machinery. Conditions of roads and bridges to

Prior to and throughout the construction.

The most important locations to be identified and listed. Relevant plans of the Contractor on traffic arrangements are available.

Contractor and Engineer

NTDC/CSC


Page 106 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

be considered. 5. Provision of culverts

on water channels and drains.

6. Widening/upgrading of access paths/roads

13. Social Impacts

To ensure minimum impacts from construction labor force. To ensure minimum impacts on public health. To ensure minimum effects of indirect impacts of constructions to the people who are living close to the boundaries of ROW; Dust, Noise, Vibration and Rock blasting effects etc. To minimize access problems for local population during construction.

1. Potential for spread of vector borne and communicable diseases from labor camps shall be avoided (worker awareness orientation and appropriate sanitation should be maintained).

2. Claims/complaints of the people on construction nuisance/damages close to ROW to be considered and responded to promptly by the Contractor.

3. Contractor should organize temporary means of access and make alternative arrangements to avoid

Complaints of APs to be solved as soon as possible. Necessary evacuations to be done as when necessary if construction impacts are of significant duration and close to APs.

The whole alignment route of transmission line.

Contractor and the CSC

NTDC/ CSC


Page 107 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

local community impacts and to avoid such short-term negative impacts.

14. Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building

To ensure that NTDC officials are trained to understand and to appreciate EMP.

Trainings and provisions of proper monitoring facilities to ECIS are recommended.

Initiate preconstruction and continue beyond project completion

Awareness training for all management and senior staff in NTDC at senior engineer and above in PMU and related units.

NTDC NTDC

OPERATIONAL STAGE

1. Air Quality No Impacts NTDC NTDC

2. Noise No significant Impacts by this project.

Project Area NTDC NTDC

3. Compensatory Tree Planting

Maintain survival of trees planted

Employ landscaping contractor to monitor, water, feed and replace dead specimens as necessary.

Project Area

NTDC NTDC

4. Landslides and soil erosion

Avoid landslips and loss of productive land

No significant Impacts. Project Area

NTDC NTDC

5. Water Quality Avoid disruption to No significant Impacts Project Area NTDC NTDC


Page 108 of 129



Timing to Implement

MM


MM

Resp imp MM

Resp mon MM

water bodies. from this project.

6. Crops and Vegetation

Monitor impacts from maintaining tree clearance under transmission lines

Track growth of large trees under the conductors.

Project Area

NTDC NTDC

7. Social safety Impacts

Ensure no encroachments/ construction under the transmission line. No violation of clearances spaces.

Necessary signboards with limits of height clearances to be placed properly. Identify and prevent any illegal encroachments under the transmission line.

Project Area

NTDC NTDC

FLAGGING Some other social impacts during construction phase, particularly from local socio-cultural perspective, if require, will review at the implementation stage according to the existing Land Acquisition criteria. 1. During the construction phase the general mobility of the local residents and their livestock in and around the project

area is likely to be hindered. 2. Usage of Community’s common resources like potable water, fuel wood etc. by Contractor workforce may create

conflicts between the community and the Contractor. 3. Community will have to face the noise and dust problems during the construction activities. 4. Induction of outside workers in the Contractor labor may cause cultural issues with the local community. 5. Theft problems to the community by the Contractor workers and vice versa. 6. During the construction activities of tower foundations, erection, and conductor stringing people will lose their annual

income due to the loss of crops, trees, etc. 7. The land under the towers during the operation stage may restrict its current use for agriculture purpose.


Page 109 of 129

8. The restriction of plantation of trees above 2.5 m height during the operation stage may also cause the reduction of income of the farmers.

9. Due to the erection of towers and passing of the transmission line, the value of land may depreciate in the long term.

10. As the project route is passing through the rural areas and rural community, women activities in the field may become affected due to the construction activities.

11. The rural women normally use the open field latrines and their privacy may suffer due to the project activities. 12. The induction of outside labor may create social and gender issues due to the unawareness by them of local

customs and norms. It will also cause hindrance to the mobility of local women. 13. Disturbance to the privacy of the local women when workers will work on the erection of towers.


Page 110 of 129

8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

This section provides a monitoring plan that identifies the roles and responsibilities of the project staff involved in environmental and social monitoring under the proposed Project, and list the parameters that will be used in the monitoring process. Objectives The main objectives of the pre-construction and construction phase monitoring plans will be:

The compensation for loss of assets will be monitored during the pre-construction activities as per latest rates announced by the government as every year rates have to be revised by the government. This aspect will be strictly monitored.

Monitor the actual impact of the construction activities on the project corridor’s physical, biological and socio-economic receptors. This will indicate the adequacy of the EIA.

Recommend mitigation measures for any unexpected impact or where the impact level exceeds that anticipated in the EIA.

Ensure compliance with legal and community obligations including safety at construction sites.

Monitor the impacts on land, water resources, air quality, noise level and cutting of trees in the project area as described in the EMP.

The main objectives of environmental monitoring during the operation phase will be to:

Appraise the adequacy of the EIA with respect to the project’s predicted long-term impact on the corridor’s physical, biological and socio-economic environment.

Evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP, and recommend improvements, if necessary.

Compile periodic accident data to support analysis that will help to minimize the future risks.

8.3.1 Institutional Structure for Implementation and Operation of the Project

The proposed Project will be administrated by NTDC during the implementation stage as described in detail below, and the existing institutional setup of NTDC for implementation of the project is illustrated in Fig. 8.1. The existing organizational setup of NTDC for all the stages of the project (design, construction and operation) is fully integrated with handling of environment and social issues.


Page 111 of 129

Figure 8.1: NTDC’s Institutional Setup for Project Implementation

The NTDC federal headquarter is based in Lahore, and is responsible for managing the project at the policy level. At the highest level, the Chief Engineer (EHV-I) will be responsible for day-to-day project management at project implementation stage. He will report directly to the General Manager (GSC), who will have ultimate responsibility for planning and managing implementation of the projects. The Chief Engineer (EHV-I) will be assisted by Project Director, who will have overall responsibility for ensuring the project compliance with the EMP. The Project Director (PD) will be supported by two Executive Engineers i.e. Survey and Soil Investigations (SI) and Transmission Line Construction (TLC) who, will further be assisted by the concerned Sub-Divisional Officers and their teams. After completion of the Project, the Project will be handed over to the GSO Division of NTDC, which is working under the Chief Engineer (GSO). He reports to the General Manager (GSO) for operation and maintenance of grid stations and transmission lines. The Chief Engineer GSO will be supported by the Superintending Engineer for the proposed Project, who will also be assisted by Executive Engineer, Sub-Divisional Officer and his field team.

Executive Engineer

(S&I)

Executive Engineer

(TL)

SDO SDO SDO SDO

Chief Engineer

(EHV-I)

General Manager (GSC)

Project Director

(EHV-I)

Managing Director (NTDC)

Environment and Social Impact Cell

of NTDC for

Environmental Compliance Monitoring


Page 112 of 129

To ensure the community participation and to provide the environmentally and socially viable conditions, the Environment and Social Impact Cell of NTDC will extend its services and support the field teams. The Organogram of ESIC for the implementation of EMP is depicted in Fig. 8.2.

Figure 8.2: Organogram of NTDC Environment and Social Impact Cell

The EMP was prepared taking into account the capacity of the NTDC to conduct environmental assessments of the project. But it is envisaged that the NTDC’s Environmental and Social Impact Cell (ESIC) will conduct monitoring of project to check the compliance of EMP provisions and will obtain environmental approval from EPA Punjab. The ESIC is composed of one Manager, two Deputy Managers, four Assistant Managers and one social surveyor (refer to Fig 8.2). Most of the environmental work is delegated to consultants. Specific areas for immediate attention are in EMP auditing, environmentally responsible procurement, air, water and noise pollution management, Social and ecological impact mitigation. It is recommended that an environmental specialist should be made part of team of supervisory consultants for effective monitoring of EMP provisions. The duties of the ESIC include but not limited to followings:

Provide review and technical support to PMU, including review of papers, feasibility studies, appraisal reports and other relevant documents from the perspective of environment and land acquisition and resettlement management, on assignment basis.

AM Social

Deputy Manager

Environment

Deputy Manager Social

AM Environment AM Social

Manager Environment and

Social Impact Cell

Social Surveyor

AM Environment


Page 113 of 129

Supervise and scrutinize the consultants hiring process for environmental and social documents preparation.

Oversight of construction contractors for monitoring and implementing mitigation measures.

Preparing and implementing environment policy guidelines and environmental good practices.

Liaising with the PIUs and seeking their help to solve the environment related issues of project implementation.

Providing awareness training workshop on environmental and social issues related to power transmission to PIU staff.

Preparation of monthly/quarterly progress report on environmental and social safeguards for submission to financing agencies.

Conduct seminars / local training workshops on environment safeguards matters with the help of NGOs / PIU / IFIs, etc. and

Prepare EIAs/IEEs of new projects.

Seek environmental approvals (NOCs) from respective EPA

8.3.2 Environmental and Social Monitoring by ESIC

The general monitoring responsibilities of the NTDC Environment and Social Impact Cell will consist of:

Assist in valuation of the trees, crops etc., and negotiation with the owners.

Assist in checking genuine ownerships of the claimants, in consultation with the Revenue staff for prompt payment to the affectees.

Assist the Contractor for the timely payments of negotiated price.

Check that the Contractor backfills, compacts, and leaves the ground in the original condition after excavation of pits for subsurface investigations, and for the tower footings.

Keep checks and controls so that the pollution of land and water resources due to the spills of lubricants, fuel, chemicals, and other wastes does not take place.

Monitor, that pollution of wetlands is not excessive during the excavation for the tower footings.

To see that the Contractor keeps the damages to the minimum during the substation construction especially while making tracks for accessibility and that the damage is rectified properly.

All the existing tracks, roads, water courses are left in the original shape after completion of the construction activities.

Monitor that the Contractor uses such working methodology so as not to cause disturbance to the communities by fugitive dust, noise, fumes, etc.

Monitor that the Contractor adjusts his working hours during the stringing activities in such a manner that it causes least inconvenience to the local population.

To ensure that the Contractor keeps first aid kits, medicines, safety gadgets at site for taking care of possible mishaps to the workers or other persons.

To keep the working site/camps tidy so as to avoid unhealthy impacts on the work force.

The Environmental Monitoring Plan is provided in Table 8.2.


Page 114 of 129

Table 8.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan FOR GRID STATION

Environmental concern

Performance Indicator (PI)

Frequency to monitor

Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

Design & Pre-construction Phase

1. Review of Mitigation Measures

Mitigations Matrix reviewed

During detailed

design (later

monthly by

Contractor to cover

any unidentified

impacts)

By completion of detailed design.

All project alignment

Contractor NTDC, ESIC cell

2. Social Impacts

Inventory of losses, Property acquisition, and compensation completed to RP requirements.

Completed prior to commencement of construction

Before removal of houses and structures.

APs according to LARP.

NTDC’s Cell NTDC, ESIC cell

3. Project disclosure

Design changes notified

During detailed

design by Contractor

to cover any access

roads and alignment

changes, additional

Villages.

Completion of detailed design.

All project alignment.


4. Environmentally Responsible Procurement. (ERP)

Contract follows international Guidelines on ERP. Performance bond. Deposited Contractual clauses include implementation of environmental mitigation

Once, before Contract is signed.

Before Contract is signed.

Method Statements include resources for mitigation measures.

NTDC, ESIC cell

NTDC, ESIC cell


Page 115 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

measures tied to a performance bond.

5. Waste disposal

Disposal options for all waste transformer oil, residually contaminated soils, scrap metal agreed with NTDC’S and local authority.

Monthly to identify sufficient locations for, storage and reuse of transformers and recycling of breaker oils and disposal of transformer oil, residually contaminated soils and scrap metal “cradle to grave”. 2. Include in contracts for unit rates for re-measurement for disposal. 3. After agreement with local authority, designate disposal sites in the contract and cost unit disposal rates accordingly.

1.Prior to detailed design stage no later than pre-qualification or tender negotiations 2. Include in contract.

Locations approved by local waste disposal authorities.

NTDC, ESIC cell consultant.

NTDC, ESIC cell


Page 116 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

6. Noise and air quality mitigation in design

Changes in design of construction processes after approval by the concerned

During detailed

design by

Contractor.

Completion of detailed design.

As defined in Mitigation Plans.

NTDC, ESIC cell

NTDC, ESIC cell

7. Hydrological Impacts

Temporary Drainage in Mitigation Measures

During detailed

design by Contractor

and monthly to

cover any

unidentified impacts

One month before commencement of construction

Considered locations to be as identified in the Detailed Drainage Report.


8. Temporary drainage and erosion control

Erosion Control and Temporary Drainage completed.

During detailed design updated by Contractor monthly to cover any unidentified impacts.

One month before construction commences.

All stream and river crossings and where slopes indicate erosion will be a problem.

Contractor. NTDC, ESIC cell

9. Planning construction camps

Use of land agreed with surrounding residents & Villages.



Locations agreed NTDC’s cell in consultation with community and the

Contractor/ NTDC Cell facilitate.

NTDC, ESIC cell


Page 117 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

Contractor.

10.Traffic Condition

Temporary Pedestrian and Traffic Management Plan agreed.



Locations agreed with NTDC’S cell in consultation with community and the Contractor.


11. Institutional strengthening and capacity building

1. Strengthening plan agreed for NTDC’s cell. 2. International environment specialist (IES) 3. Increase staffing of NTDC’s Cell. 4. Train NTDC’s Cell officials.

1. Once, 2. Once 3. Ongoing 4. Ongoing

1. As soon as practicable 2, 3, 4. No later than one month before Contract award.

Throughout the project

NTDC’S Project Cell.

NTDC, ESIC cell

Construction Phase

1.Orientation for Contractor, and Workers

1. Contractor agreed to provide training to professional staff and workers. 2. Special briefing and training for Contractor completed. 3. Periodic progress

1. Once 2. Ongoing 3. Ongoing

1. Before contract is signed 2. Before construction areas are opened up 3. Every six

All BOT staff members in all categories. monthly induction and six

Contractor with IES assistance and record details.

NTDC to observe and record success


Page 118 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

review sessions. months month refresher course

2. Plans to control environmental impacts

1. Drainage Management plan 2. Temp. Pedestrian & Traffic Management plan, 3. Erosion Control & Temp. Drainage plan 4. Materials Management plan, 5. Waste Management plan; 6. Noise and Dust Control plan, 7. Safety Plan 8. Agreed schedule of costs for environmental mitigation.{N.B. Forest Clearance and Compensatory Planting plan is prepared by NTDC’s cell}

Deliverable in final form to NTDC’s cell one month before construction commences for any given stretch.


All of NTDC’S alignment.


3. Water quality

Meaningful water quality monitoring up and downstream during construction within

Once (line item when opening up construction near water bodies).

During detailed design by Contractor and update to cover

Locations to be provided with the detailed

Independent experienced laboratory.

NTDC, ESIC cell


Page 119 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

100m of rivers. Rapid reporting and feedback by NTDC’s

any unidentified impacts.

designs including all bridges during construction within 100m of rivers

4. Water Resources

1. Availability of water acceptable to community. No complaints. 2. Guidelines established to minimize the water wastage during construction operations and at worker camps.

1. Monthly 2. Monthly

Prior to submission of progress reports.

All local water supply resources and rivers.


5. Spoil disposal and construction waste disposal

1. Use of land agreed with surrounding residents & Villages. 2. Waste Management Plan implemented. 3 No open burning

Monthly (line item when opening up construction).

Prior to construction. Update monthly.

All NTDC’S alignment.


6. Noise

Noise mitigation measures implemented in line with guidelines for noise reduction from ISO/TR11688-


Maximum allowable noise levels are 45dB(A)LEQ.

All NTDC’s alignment.

Contractor should maintain the accepted standards

NTDC, ESIC cell.


Page 120 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

1:1995(E)

7. Air quality Noise and dust control plan implemented.





8. Soil Contamination

Contractors workforce to instructed and train handling of chemicals





9. Work Camp Location and Operation

1. Use of land agreed with surrounding residents & Villages. 2. Waste Management Plan implemented. 3 No open burning





10. Safety Precautions for Workers

Safety Plan submitted Once (update monthly as necessary)

One month before construction and update quarterly.


Contractor.

NTDC (ESIC cell to actively supervise and enforce.

11. Social Impacts

1. Local labor is used and workforce 2. Local educated people for office work. 3. Complaints on construction nuisance damages close to study area are responded to


During construction. Update monthly.




Page 121 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

promptly by the Contractor. 4. Quarterly meetings with local VILLAGE for liaison purposes to monitor complaints.

12. Enhancements

Contractor has included for some enhancements in detailed designs Including planting of trees in addition to bioengineering such as in median

Once (update monthly as necessary)

One month before construction and update quarterly.


Contractor.

NTDC Cell to actively supervise and enforce.

Operational Phase

1. Air Quality

1. Roadworthiness of vehicles on NTDC’s 2. Monitor NO2 and PM10 as indicators.

1. Roadworthiness of vehicles on NTDC’s Daily during operations 2. Yearly intervals for 3 years after opening for reassurance.

During operation.

5 locations on NTDC’S alignment nearest settlements.

Contractor NTDC / and ESIC Cell

2. Vegetation

1. Follow up on Tree Clearance and Compensatory Planting Plan. 2. Records on survival of planted trees.

1) Quarterly 2) Quarterly 3) Quarterly 4) Quarterly

1) Throughout project 2) Each of three years after initial planting 3) Continuous

All NTDC’S alignment.

Contractor NTDC


Page 122 of 129




Timing to check PI

Locations to

implement PI

Responsible to

implement PI

Resp PI supervision

3. The compensatory planting maintained 4. Audited report by ESIC cell for on-site and off-site compensatory planting.

for three years after project completion 4) For four years after initial clearance of the forest.

FOR TRANSMISSION LINE


Performance indicator


Timing to check Locations to implement

Responsible to implement

Resp supervision

Construction Phase for TL

1. Encroachment and Physical Disfiguration

Landscape Conditions, Baseline Environment


One Month after Construction Work

Project alignment


2. Soil Erosion

Soil Compression, Land Clearing, Vegetation Removal


Prior to construction. Update monthly

Project alignment


3. Soil Contamination

Fuels Spillage, Chemicals Containers

Monthly During Construction

Project alignment Contractor

NTDC, ESIC cell

4. Ecological Resources

Land Clearing, Habitat destruction

Monthly Update monthly


NTDC, ESIC cell


Page 123 of 129






Resp supervision

5. Loss of Barani Crops

Number of People affected due to unavailability of Opportunistic

Agriculture


During Construction

Project alignment


6. Local Community Work Force

Disturbance due to Stringing, Good engineering practices adopted


Update monthly

Project alignment


7. Safety Hazards Safety Precautions as per ILO

Monthly Update monthly


NTDC, ESIC cell

Operational Phase for TL

1. Electric Current

Earthing of the Towers, Safety Plan by the contractor to be followed

Monthly During Operation

Project alignment

Contractor

NTDC, ESIC Cell

2. Breaking of Conductors

Frequency of

Conductors Tripping, Complaints reported

Quarterly Throughout the Project

Project alignment

Contractor

NTDC, ESIC

Cell

3. Towers Collapse Soil Geology, Climatic Conditions,

Six Monthly During Implementation Phase


NTDC, ESIC Cell


Page 124 of 129






Resp supervision

Records on displacement (if any)

4. Avifauna

Movement

Reported death of Birds, Audit

Report by the ESIC cell

Quarterly After Transmission Line is erected

Project alignment

Contractor

NTDC, ESIC Cell

5. Safety

Security Plan, Good Engineering Practices, Complaints on the Register

Quarterly During Operational Phase

Project alignment

Contractor

NTDC, ESIC Cell

Note: LARP = Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan, EIA=Environmental Impact Assessment. EPA= Environmental Protection Agency. ESIC = Environmental and Social Impact Cell (NTDC)


Page 125 of 129

8.4 Estimated Environmental and Social Management Costs

Table 8.3 provides the estimated costs for the compensation of trees damages and implementation of EMP. The compensation costs include the costs for cutting of trees due to construction of subproject. It should be noted that as referred earlier that the project is at a preliminary stage and detailed surveys including tower spotting is to be carried out for the project showing the actual position of the towers, so at this stage only tentative and lump sum amount has been allocated for the expected losses and is based on the environmental and social field surveys. The cost for implementation of mitigation measures prescribed in Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has also been given. The mitigation measures include; water sprinkling, provision of PPEs to workers, arrangement of first aid kits at site, waste management etc. The total estimated cost for the environmental and social management comes to about PKR. 132.99 millions. This includes the cost of land acquisition, compensation and environmental implementation of mitigation measure. Cost estimates of mitigation and other environmental management measures are summarized in Table – 8.3.

Table 8.3: Estimated Environmental and Social Management Costs

Particulars Details Total Cost (PKR

millions)

Staffing, audit and monitoring

1 person for 3 years @ Rs, 0.15 million per month

5.4

Environmental Monitoring

As detailed under EMP 3.0

Land Acquisition for Grid Station site

50 acres @ 1.5 per acre 75.0

Compensation of 8 Nos Semi pacca houses at grid station site.

Approximated 5.0

Crop Compensation Grid Station site and Transmission Line

Approximated 20.0

Trees Compensation Grid Station site and Transmission Line

Approximated 7.5

Compensation for tree plantation (3:1) and other mitigation

Approximated 5.0


Page 126 of 129

Grievance Redressal Mechanism This section describes mechanism to receive and facilitates the resolution of affected party including women’ concerns and grievances. A grievance mechanism will be available to allow an AP appealing any disagreeable decision, practice or activity arising from land or other assets compensation. APs will be fully informed of their rights and of the procedures for addressing complaints whether verbally or in writing during consultation, survey, and time of compensation. APs/ local community will enter their complaints/ concerns and issues formally including the information of date, name and address of complainant, description of complain. The Assistant Manager (social mobilization) at PIU will maintain a register named as “community complaint register (CCR)”. The register will include the information as date, name and address of complainant, description of complaints, and will enter the complaints in a date covering the minimum information of name and address of complaint, description of complaints, action taken, status of redress of complaints and reasons in case issue not resolved. GRC will work at field level, while unsettled issues will be referred to the PMU at sub-project level. The field level PIU (AM Environment) will inform the affected persons about GRC and its mechanism by passing the information at known places. Efforts will be made to avoid the APs/ community concerns by implementing the sub-project in accordance with the EMP, i.e. proper information disclosure, community consultations, payments as per entitlements and coordination with APs/ APC, PIU and PMU. However, a Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) will also be established to redress the unresolved issues. The composition of GRC will as below: GRC at PIU Level

i). Executive Engineer (NTDC) ii). Representative of E&SIC(Assistant Manager (Social Mobilization) iii). Representative of CSC iv). Representative of Contractor v). 3 Representatives of Affected Person Committee (APC) including

Nazim/Village Notable person A comprehensive grievance redress process regarding land compensation and other compensation is described below:

measures.

Sub Total 120.9

Contingency 10 % 12.09

Total 132.99


Page 127 of 129

Table 8.4: Grievance Redress Process

Land / Crop Compensation Issues

Other Items Compensation Issues

First, complaints will be redressed at field level through the involvement of PIU and APC as well as other local committees.

First, complaints will be redressed at field level through the involvement of PIU and APC as well as other local committees.

If issue is unresolved, then it will be lodged to the DO (Revenue)/ LAC who will have 14 day to make decision on it.

If no solution is accomplished, then grievance will be lodged to GRC.

The GRC will provide the decision within 3 weeks. The GRC decision must be in compliance with this EMP and provisions given in the EMP.

If issue still unsettled, then grievance will be forwarded to GRC.

GRC will provide decision within 3 weeks, which should be in compliance with the EMP and provisions given in the EMP.

If the grievance redress system does not satisfy the APs, then, the grievance can be submitted to the GM Projects (PMU), where decision will be made in a period of 2 weeks.

In case, the grievance redressal system does not satisfy the APs, then they can pursue by submitting their case to the appropriate court of law.

If still APs are not satisfied, they can pursue their case to appropriate Court of law.


Page 128 of 129

9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

9.1 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the preliminary plans, environmental and social field surveys, and impacts assessment of the proposed 500 kV Faisalabad West Grid Station and its allied 40 km Transmission Line, it may be concluded that there are insignificant, short term and reversible impacts of the Project. The major impacts of the Project are summarized as under:

No acquisition of permanent land will be involved for erection of towers for transmission line as per Telegraphy Act, 1910. However, the payments for the loss of trees and crops will be made as per market rates. The only land acquisition will be made for Grid Station construction, where proper compensation will be made as market rate.

All the other impacts like soil erosion, soil contamination, water contamination, air pollution, high noise level, etc. are of temporary nature and can be controlled and mitigated.

It is estimated that the implementation of project activities will cause cutting of about 12500 forest trees and about 2500 fruit trees.

No protected forest area or wildlife sanctuary or any other environmentally sensitive site exists along the Project corridor, which may be affected by the Project.

No indigenous people and women headed households have been identified in the Project.

The other social issues like safety of general public and workers, security problems, risk of communicable diseases, vector borne diseases etc. are of temporary nature.

Most of the above impacts are of temporary nature and manageable through good engineering practices and none of these are irreversible.

A comprehensive EMP has been developed identifying the impacts, mitigation measures, agencies responsible for implementation and monitoring of the proposed measures. EMP also describes the environmental and social monitoring responsibilities of ESIC.

The total estimated cost for the land acquisition, house compensation, environmental and social management comes to about Rs. 132.99 millions.

In the light of the above discussions, it may be concluded that the proposed preliminary Project route is environment friendly and will cause the least effects on the area’s existing social and environmental settings.


Page 129 of 129

9.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

Although comprehensive mitigation measures have been proposed in the report to minimize the negative impacts and to enhance the positive impacts of the Project, however, major recommended mitigation measures are summarized as under:

Temporary labor camps should be developed inside the grid station boundary and should be facilitated with proper drainage facilities.

Soil erosion and contamination, water contamination, air pollution and high noise levels should be controlled with the use of good engineering practices.

Contractor should develop plan such as traffic management, Solid waste management, and material management etc. before starting the construction activities.

Fair and negotiated compensation in accordance with the prevailing market prices should be made for loss of crops and trees during the construction activities of the Project.

Erection of towers in the water bodies should be avoided as far as possible. However, at places where realignment of the transmission line is unavoidable, towers with the maximum span should be used to minimize the number of towers in the water body.

Contractor should warn the workers not to hunt the water birds, fish resources, etc.

The Contractor will have to adopt some suitable timing for the construction activities so as to cause the least disturbance to the local community particularly women considering their peak movement hours.

Contractor should take due care of the local community and its sensitivity towards local customs and traditions.

EMP proposed in Chapter 8 should be implemented in the true letter and spirit.


ANNEXES


Table of Contents

1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS ......................................................... 1

2 T/L ROUTE ON GT SHEET .................................................................................................... 10

3 TOWER DESIGN ..................................................................................................................... 10

4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORTS ........................................................................ 13

5 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES FOR DATA COLLECTION ...................................................... 20

6 LIST OF INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTED ............................................. 30

a. List of Affected Persons and their opinions: .................................................. 31

b. List of Government Officials/Departments Contacted ................................... 34

7 COMPENSATION PROCEDURE............................................................................................ 35

8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................... 35

9 EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND CONTINGENCY PLAN ....................................................... 38

10 GLOSSARY .......................................................................................................................... 42

11 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. 44

12 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................... 47

13 TERMS OF REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 49

a. Environment & Social Impact Assessment (EIA) Process ............................. 50

b. Methodology ...................................................................................................... 50

c. Structure of the Report ..................................................................................... 51

14 TEAM COMPOSITION & TASK ASSIGNMENTS ................................................................. 50

15 PHOTOLOG .......................................................................................................................... 54


Annex- I

National Environmental Quality Standards


1

1: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) For Municipal and

Liquid Industrial Effluents (mg/l, unless otherwise defined)

Sr.

No.

Parameter

Existing

Standards

Revised Standards

Into

Inland

Waters

Into Sewage

Treatment

Into Sea

1 Temperature/ Temperature increase*

40o C ≤ 3o C ≥ 3o C ≥ 3o C

2 pH value 6 – 10 6 - 9 6 - 9 6 – 9

3 5-days Biochemical Oxygen

Demand (BOD) at 20oC. (1)

80 80 250 80**

4 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (1)

150 150 400 150

5 Total Suspended Solids 150 200 400 200

6 Total Dissolved Solids 3500 3500 3500 3500

7 Grease and Oil 10 10 10 10

8 Phenolic Compounds (as phenol) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3

9 Chloride (as CI) 1000 1000 1000 SC

10 Fluoride (as F) 20 10 10 10

11 Cyanide (as QN) total 2 1 1 1

12 An-lonic Detergents (as MBAS) (2)

20 20 20 20

13 Sulphate (SO4) 600 600 1000 SC

14 Sulphide (S) 1.0 1 1 1

15 Ammonia (NH3) 40 40 40 40

16 Pesticides, Herbicides,

Fungicides and Insecticides (3)

0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15

17 Cadmium (4) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

18 Chromium (trivalent &

hexavalent) (4)

1.0 1 1 1

19 Copper (4) 1.0 1 1 1

20 Lead (4) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

21 Mercury (4) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

22 Selenium (4) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5


2

23 Nickel (4) 1.0 1 1 1

24 Silver (4) 1.0 1 1 1

25 Total Toxic Metals 2.0 2 2 2

26 Zinc 5.0 5 5 5

27 Arsenic (4) 1.0 1 1 1

28 Barium (4) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

29 Iron 2.0 8 8 8

30 Manganese 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

31 Boron (4) 6.0 6 6 6

32 Chlorine 1.0 1 1 1

1. Summing minimum dilution 1:10 on discharge, lower ratio would attract

progressively stringent standards to be determined by the Federal

Environmental Protection Agency. By 1:10 dilution means for example, that

for each one cubic meter of treated effluent the recipient water body should

have 10 cubic meter of water for dilution of this effluent.

2. Modified Benzene Alkyl Sulphate; assuming surfactant as bio-degradable.

3. Pesticides. Herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides.

4. Subject to total toxic metals discharge.

5. Applicable only when and where sewage treatment is operational and

BOD5=80 mg/l is achieved by the sewer treatment system.

6. Provided discharge is not at shore and not within 10 miles of mangrove or

other important estuaries.

SC Discharge concentration at or below Sea concentration.

* The effluent should not result in temperature increase of more than 3°C at the

edge of the zone where initial mixing and dilution take place. In case zone is

not defined, use 100 meters from the point of discharge.

Note: Dilution of gaseous emissions and liquid effluents to bring them to the NEQS

limiting value is not permissible through excess air mixing/blowing into the

gaseous emissions or through fresh water mixing with the effluent before

discharge into environment.

** The value of (BOD)5 and COD is 200 and 400 respectively


3

2: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) For Industrial

Gaseous Emission (mg/NM3, unless otherwise defined)

Sr. No.

Parameter

Source of Emission

Existing Standards

Revised Standards

1

Smoke (1)

Smoke opacity not to exceed

40% or 2

(Ringlemann scale)

40%

2 Particulate Matter (2)

Boilers and furnaces:

(i) Oil fired.

(ii) Coal fired.

(iii) Cement Kilns.

Grinding, crushing, clinker coolers and related processes, metallurgical processes, converter blast furnaces and cupolas

300

500

200

500

300

500

200

500

3

Hydrogen

Chloride (3)

Any.

400

400 4 Chlorine (3) Any. 15

0 150

5 Hydrogen fluoride (3) Any.

150

150

6 Hydrogen Sulphide (3) Any. 1

0 10

7

Sulphur Oxides

Sulphuric acid plant

Others.

400

5000

1700

8

Carbon monoxide

(3)

Any.

800

800

9 Lead (3) Any. 50

50

10 Mercury (3) Any. 10

10

11 Cadmium (3) Any. 20

20


4

12 Arsenic (3) Any. 20

20

13 Copper (3) Any. 50

50

14 Antimony (3) Any. 20

20

15 Zinc (3) Any 200

200

16

Oxides of Nitrogens

Nitric acid manufacturing Unit

i. Gas fired. ii. Oil fired

iii. Coal fired

400

400

3000

400

600

1200 1. Or 2 on the Ringlemann scale

2. Based on the assumption that the size of the particulates is 10 micron or more.

3. Any source

4. In respect of emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the power plants operating on oil or coal as fuel shall, in addition to National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) specified above, comply with the following standard.


5

3: National Environmental Quality Standards for Ambient Air


6

PROPERTIES /PARAMETE RS

STANDARD VALUES FOR PAKISTAN

WHO GUIDELINES

REMARKS

Bacterial

All water intended for drinking (e.Coli or Thermotolerant Coliform bacteria)

Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample


Most Asian countries also follow WHO standards

Treated water

entering the distribution system (E.Coli or thermo

tolerant coliform and total coliform bacteria)




Treated water in

the distribution

system (E.coli

or thermo

tolerant

coliform and

total coliform

bacteria)

Must not be

detectable in any 100 ml sample

In case of large

supplies, where sufficient samples are examined, must not be present in 95% of the samples taken throughout any 12- month period.

Must not be

detectable in any 100 ml sample

In case of large

supplies, where sufficient samples are examined, must not be present in 95% of the samples taken throughout any 12- month period.


Physical

Colour <15 TCU <15 TCU

Taste Non objectionable/Accept able

Non objectionable/Accept able


7

5

4: Standards for Quality Drinking Water

PROPERTIES

/PARAMETE

RS

STANDARD

VALUES FOR

PAKISTAN

WHO

GUIDELINES

REMARKS

Odour Non objectionable/Accept able

Non objectionable/Accept able

Turbidity ‹ 5 NTU ‹ 5 NTU

Total hardness

as CaCO3

< 500 mg/l ---

TDS ‹ 1000 ‹ 1000

pH 6.5 – 8.5 6.5 – 8.5

Chemical

Essential Inorganic

mg/Litre mg/Litre

Aluminium (Al) mg/1

<0.2 0.2

Antimony (Sb) <0.005 (P) 0.02

Arsenic (As) < 0.05 (P) 0.01 Standard for Pakistan similar to most Asian developing countries

Barium (Ba) 0.7 0.7

Boron (B) 0.3 0.3

Cadmium (Cd) 0.01

0.003 Standard for Pakistan similar to most Asian developing countries

Chloride (Cl) <250 250

Chromium (Cr) <0.05 0.05

Copper (Cu) 2 2

Toxic Inorganic

mg/Litre mg/Litre

Cyanide (CN) <0.05

0.07 Standard for Pakistan similar to Asian developing countries


8

6

PROPERTIES

/PARAMETE

RS

STANDARD

VALUES

FO

R

PAKISTAN

WHO

GUIDELINES

REMARKS

Fluoride (F)* <1.5 1.5

Lead (Pb) <0.05

0.01 Standard for Pakistan similar to most Asian developing countries

Manganese (Mn)

< 0.5 0.5

Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.001

Nickel (Ni) <0.02 0.02

Nitrate (NO3)* <50 50

Nitrite (NO2)* <3 (P) 3

Selenium (Se) 0.01(P) 0.01 Residual chlorine 0.2-0.5 at consumer

end

0.5-1.5 at source

--

Zinc (Zn) 5.0 3 Standard for Pakistan similar to most Asian developing countries

* indicates priority health related inorganic constituents which need regular monitoring.

Organic

Pesticides mg/L

PSQCA No. 4639-

2004, Page No. 4

Table No. 3 Serial No. 20- 58 may be consulted.***

Annex II

Phenolic compounds

(as Phenols) mg/L

< 0.002

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH) g/L

0.01 ( By GC/MS

method)


9

Sr.

No.

Parameter

Source of Emission Existing

Standards Revised

Standards

1

Smoke (1)

Smoke opacity not to exceed

40% or 2

(Ringlemann scale)

40%

2 Particulate Matter (2) Boilers and furnaces:

(i) Oil fired. (ii) Coal fired. (iii) Cement Kilns. Grinding, crushing, clinker coolers and related processes, metallurgical processes, converter blast furnaces and cupolas

300

500

200

500

300

500

200

500

3 Hydrogen

Chloride (3)

Any.

400

400

4 Chlorine (3) Any. 150 150

5 Hydrogen fluoride (3) Any. 150 150

6 Hydrogen Sulphide (3) Any. 10 10

7

Sulphur Oxides

Sulphuric acid plant

Others.

400 5000

1700

8 Carbon monoxide

(3)

Any.

800 800

9 Lead (3) Any. 50 50

10 Mercury (3) Any. 10 10

11 Cadmium (3) Any. 20 20

12 Arsenic (3) Any. 20 20

13 Copper (3) Any. 50 50

14 Antimony (3) Any. 20 20

15 Zinc (3) Any 200 200

16

Oxides of Nitrogens

Nitric acid manufacturing Unit

i. Gas fired.

ii. Oil fired

iii. Coal fired

400

400

3000

400

600

1200

1. Or 2 on the Ringlemann scale

2. Based on the assumption that the size of the particulates is 10 micron or more.

3. Any source

4. In respect of emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the power plants operating on oil or coal as fuel shall, in addition to National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) specified above, comply

with the following standard.

PROPERTIES

/PARAMETE

RS

STANDARD

VALUES FOR

PAKISTAN

WHO

GUIDELINES

REMARKS

Radioactive

Alpha Emitters bq/L or pCi

0.1 0.1

Beta emitters 1 1

*** PSQCA: Pakistan Standards Quality Control Authority.


Annex-II

T/L Route on GT Sheet


10


11


12


Annex-III

Tower Design


13


14


15


16


Annex-IV

Environmental Monitoring Reports


17


18



Annex-V

Survey Questionnaires for Data Collection


20

5.1: Village Profile Survey Form

Serial No. __________

Interviewer’s Name _________________________

Date _________________________

Name of the Respondent _______________________ Father’s Name _______________________ Age (years) _______________________ Education _______________________ Q.1 Name of Tehsil: ___________________________________ Q.2 Name of Union Council: ___________________________________ Q.3 Name of Valley: ___________________________________ Q.4 Name of the Village: ___________________________________ Q.5 Names of Tribes in the Village:

1 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10. 11. 12.

Q.6 Languages Spoken in the Village:

1 4

2 5

3 6

Q.7 Accessibility from main road to Village:

Track Un metalled Road Metalled Road Other (Specify)

Q.8 Distance from tarred road to Village: __________Km گاؤں سے سڑک تک فاصلہ؟ Q.9 Approximate area of the Village: ________(km2) Q.10 Approximate population of the Village ____________

Q.11 Total Houses in the Village ____________________


21

Q.12 Educational Facilities Available in the Village.

Sr.

No

Facilities Yes No Govt. Private Boys

(M)

Girls

(F)

Co-

Education

(a) Primary School

(b) Middle School

(c) High School

(d) College

(e) Vocational Training

Centers

(f) Deeni Madrassa

(g) Others (Specify)

Q.13 Institutional Facilities Available in the Village.

Sr. No Facilities Y

es

No Govt. Private Name

a. Hospital

b. Dispensary

c. Basic Health Unit

d. Post Office

e. Mosque

f. Banks

g. Others

Q.14 Means of Transport Available in the Village.

LOCAL INTERCITY

1. Public Transport 1. Public Transport

2. Private Transport 2. Private Transport

3. Pedestrian 3. Pedestrian

4. Others 4. Others

Q.15 Civic Facilities Available in the Village

Sr. No Facilities Yes No Remarks if Any

A Lined Drainage System 1 2

B Street Lights 1 2

C Grocery Shops 1 2

D Recreational / Games Facilities 1 2

E Medical Stores 1 2

F Graveyards 1 2

G Electricity 1 2

H Telephone 1 2

I Public Water Supply 1 2


22

J Others 1 2

Q. 16 Source of Water in the Village

Storage Pit Channel Spring Nullah Other _______________

A B C D E

Q.17 If Channel,

Q.18 Nature of water supply

1. Public Mode of supply of

water: (a) Self Carried

(b) Tapped

(c) By Channel

(d) By Tanker 2. Private

Q. 19 Common Diseases in the Village

a. Common cold b. Diarrhea c. Typhoid

d. Stomach Worms e. TB f. Malaria

g. Goiter h. Dysentery i. Hepatitis

j. Other (specify)

Q.20 Does a Child Birth Attendant Available in the Village?

1. Yes 2. No

Q.21 If Yes: 1 Trained 2 Untrained

Q. 22 Does any NGO exist in the Village?

1. Yes 2. No

Q.23 If Yes:

Sr.No Name Status

A 1. Local

2. National

3. International

B 1. Local

2. National

3. International

C 1. Local

2. National

3. International

Q.24 Major Development projects run by different organizations in the village?

1 Katcha 2 Partly Lined 3 Completely Lined


23

1. ________________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________________________

Q.25 Who has the ownership rights of the mountains, pastures, jungles and natural resources of the area? a. Owner Tribes b. Non Owner Tribes c. Individual d. Others (Specify) ______________________________________________

Q.26 Who has the right to allow the people to get benefits from natural resources?(Forest trees, Mountains, Pastures, Herbs etc)? a. Owner Tribes b. Non Owner Tribes c. Owner

d. None e. Others (Specify) __________________________ Q.27 Who has the rights of selling and purchasing the agriculture land, residential and commercial property? a. Owner Tribes b. Non Owner Tribes c. Individual

d. Anyone e. Others (Specify) ________________________ Q.28 What are the preferences to sell the personal immoveable property like

houses, agriculture land, shops etc. to:

a. Owner Tribes b. Non Owner Tribes c. Immediate Neighbor d. Anyone e. Others (Specify) _______________________________

Q.29 What are the prevalent units of measurement of agricultural land in your village?

a. Marlas b. Kanals c. Acres d. Jarib e. Sq Feet f. Sq. Haath g. Others (Specify) ___________________________________________

Q.30 What are the prevalent units of measurement of agricultural produce in your village?

a. Kilogram b. Maunds c. Haa d. Sinn e. Others (Specify)____________________

Q.31 Who are the influential in your village?

a. Head of the Tribe b. Councilors

c. Religious Scholars d. Heads of Families

e. Government Servants f. Numberdar

g. Others (Specify) _______________________________________

Q.32 How the matters related to property, dispute about the control and


24

Consumption of the natural resources of the areaare settled?

Q.33 What types of migration exists in your village?

Patterns of local migration

Nature of Migration Duration Radius of Migration

(a) Permanent (a) Seasonal (a) Within the same valley

(b) Temporary (b) Yearly (b) Within the local neighboring valleys

(c) Voluntary (c) Monthly (c) Within the neighboring districts

(d) Involuntary (d) Others (Specify) (d) In Province

(e) Individual (e) Other parts of the country

(f) With family / sub-

tribe

(g) Other

Q.34 What are the reasons of local migration in your village?

a. ______________________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________________

c. _____________________________________________________________

Q.35 What are the major problems of your area?

Q.36 Do rock carvings / historical places exist in the village?

1. Yes 2. No

Q.37 If yes:

Sr.No Name Number Location

A Rock Carvings

B Historical Ruins

C Old Graveyard

1. Jirgah جرگہ 2. Head of the Tribes قبیلے کا سردار

3. Council of Ulamahs علماء کونسل 4. Heads of Families سربراِہ خانہ

5. Government Officials6 سرکاری افسر. Others (Specify)

Sr.No Types of Problems Proposed Solutions

A

B

C

D

E

F


25

D Others (Specify)

Q.38 Are there markets for grains and livestock in the village?

Q.39 If No, where do people sell their agricultural produce and livestock?

Grains

Livestock

Q.40 What types of trees are in your area?

Fruit Trees

Forest/wood Trees

Q.41 What kinds of wild animals are found in your village area?

Q.42 What type of cottage industry exists in your village?

Comments of the Interviewer

--- END ---


26

5.2: Environmental Baseline Survey Form:

Serial No. ______________

Socioeconomic and Environmental Baseline Survey of ____________________________ Name of Interviewer ___________________________ Date ___________________________ 1. Tehsil _________________________ 2. Union Council __________________________ 3. Village / Town __________________________ Demographic Profile of the Respondent/Owner Q.1 What is your name?

CNIC No

Q.2 What is your father’s name? _________________________________________ Q.3 Sex: 1. Male 2. Female Q.4 What is your age? ___________________Years Q.5 What is your marital status: 1. Single 2. Married Q.6 What are your educational qualifications?

Q.7 To which tribe do you belong?____________________ Q.8 What are your occupational activities? آپ کا پیشہ کیا ہے

Q.9 Which of the languages do you speak?

Socio-economic Profile Q.10 How many family members live in your house?

Sex Less than 5 years

6 to 18 years

19 to 45 years

46 to 60 years

61 years and above.

Total

Male

Female

Total


27

Q.11 How many members of your family have any of the following educational qualifications? آپ کے گھر میں کتنے افراد پڑھے لکھے ہیں

Q.12 What is your average income from all sources? a. ______________Rs. (per month) b. _______________Rs. (per annum) Q.13 How much is your (average) family expenditure?

Sr.No Per month Per annum

A. Food Items

B. Non Food Items

C. Education

D. Health

E. Social Activities

F. Other (Specify)

Q.14 How much is your (average) expenditure? a. ______________Rs. (per month) b. _______________Rs. (per annum) Q.15 Nature of construction of your house:

1. Katcha کچا 2. Pacca پکا 3. Semi-pacca کچا پکا

Q. 16 How many rooms and bath rooms are in your house? Q.11 How much is the area of your house? Total Area ___________________ (sq. feet) Covered Area ___________________ (sq. feet) Q.11 Current estimated value of your house _________Rs. Q.11 Do you have separate room for animals in your house? Q.22 Do you own any other building(s)? 1. Yes _____________ (Number) 2. No Q.21 If yes, nature of construction:

1. Katcha کچا 2. Pacca پکا 3. Semi-pacca کچا پکا

Q.22 Current estimated value of that building(s) ______________Rs. Q.23 What is the size of your cultivated land with its approximate price:

Sex Education Level

Illiterate Primary / below Primary

Middle/ Matric

Intermediate Graduation

Professional/ Post-Graduation

Deeni Uloom

Male

Female

Total


28

Sr.No Agricultural Land Area of land Approximate Price (Rs.) (inkanal) (in acre)

A Cultivated Area

B Uncultivated Area

C Cultivable Waste

D Fruit Orchard Area

E Banjar

Total

Q.24 Do you keep any written evidence of Sale/Purchase of your property? 1. Yes 2. No Q.25 If Yes, What kind of evidence? 1. Govt. Stamp Paper 2. Plain Paper 3. Personal Evidence 4. Other (specify)_______________________________________________ Q.26 In your opinion, how will you be affected by the construction of Dam? آپ کے خیال میں ڈیم کی تعمیر آپ پر کس طرح اثر انداز ہو گی؟

Q.27 If your agricultural land / shop are to be acquired for Project,do you have any other source of income?

ریعہ ہے؟اگر پراجکت کے لیئے آپ کی زمین/گھر لے لیئے جاتے ہیں تو کیا آپ کے پاس آمدنی کا کوئ اور ز 1. Yes 2. No Q.28 If yes, specify the source: _________________________________ Q.29 Do you have any other place of residence to move? 1. Yes 2. No Q.32 What mode of compensation for land / building will be your choice?

Cash Alternative Land Building Other (specify)

1 2 3 4

Comments


29


30


Annex-VI

List of Individuals and Organizations Consulted


31

a. List of Affected Persons and their opinions:

Sr. No.

Date Venue/ Location No. of Participants Views/ Concerns Expressed

Male

Female

Total

1 14-11-2015 Chak No. 201 J/B

7 4 11 This village lies in the area that has been selected for the construction

of grid station. Like all other projects that involve displacement of locals from

their land, these people also had the main concern of getting rightfully and

handsomely compensated for their acquired land.

Agriculture is the only source of income they are relying on.

As these APs have no other place to shift to, they want either a full-fledged

compensation for each of their assets, or to be shifted to a land with same

resources.


32

2

07-12-2015 Chak No. 305 J/B U/C 21 Tehsil

Gojra

4 1 5 They are in support of this project as this to curb the electricity shortage in the area.

If they are directly or indirectly affected by the project, they should be compensated accordingly.

3 07-12-2015 Chak No. 306 J/B U/C 301 Tehsil

Gojra

3 0 3 The village is not under direct influence of the T/L.

If their agricultural land is acquired for project, they want to be rewarded handsomely.


Gojra

7 0 7 The participants showed concerns over their routine problems.

They had reservations concerning loss of crops and livelihood.


Gojra

5 2 7 Passing of transmission line which would damage the trees, should be compensated

The risk that the project might cause residence problem for the locals.

6

07-12-2015 Chak No. 352 J/B U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra

6 0 6 Transmission line related safety measures, the compensation package should be given

Safety measures against accidents.


33

7

07-12-2015 Chak No. 416 J/B U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra

2 1 3 As the T/L is passing through their area the people want the project owners to engage the locals in project activities, as in, give them priority when providing jobs.

8 07-12-2015 Chak No. 415 J/B U/C 9 Tehsil Gojra

7 2 9 As the session was held in the presence of Numberdar of this village, he proposed that the Project owners should also invest for the betterment of these areas, as they are deprived of many basic facilities and necessities.

Total 41 10 51


34

b. List of Government Officials/Departments Contacted

Sr. No. Date Venue of Meeting Name of Participants Designation

1 08-12-2015 District Office Agriculture Chiniot Ch. Shahid Hussain D.O Agriculture

2 08-12-2015 District Office Forest Chiniot Muhammad Ilyas Bashir D.O Forest

3 08-12-2015 District Office Social Welfare

Chiniot Ms. Farrukh Rizwan D.O Social Welfare

4 08-12-2015 District Office Environment Muhammad Arif D.O Environment

5 08-12-2015 A.C Office, Tehsil Bhowana Muhammad Akhtar Bhutta A.C Bhawana


Annex-VII

Compensation Procedure


35

As per provisions of Telegraph Act 1910, NTDC does not acquire the land under tower foundations and transmission line route. Only compensation is paid for the loss of assets (trees, crops, structures etc.). While for grid station construction, the land is acquired through private negotiation or by applying Land Acquisition Act, 1896 (LAA, 1896). The compensation procedures adopted by NTDC for 500 kV, 220 kV and 132 kV Transmission Line Projects, are as under:- During the construction of 220 kV and 500 kV Transmission Lines, the damages to the crops, trees and built up properties take place at the following stages. Survey/soil investigations - Concreting of tower foundation - Erection of Towers - Stringing of Conductors and Wires At each stage the damages are properly assessed, evaluated and compensated in

accordance with the prevailing rules and regulations of the Government in addition to

these, the damages caused for the removal of high trees and built-up properties, for

public safety and integrity of the transmission lines, from within the 30-m wide

corridor are also adequately compensated. These are elaborated in the succeeding

paragraphs.

Compensation at the Time of Survey/Soil Investigations During detailed survey and soil investigation work for the tower footings, the damages caused to the existing crops are recorded and estimates prepared for the compensation amount by the concerned revenue staff – Patwari. The estimates are prepared in accordance with the approved rates provided by he concerned Deputy Commissioner. The record of the Patwari is verified by the Assistant Land Acquisition Officer (ALAO) and Sub Divisional Officer (SDO) who is the Engineer in-charge of the work. After verification the record is submitted to the competent authority for approval and arrangement of payment to the affected persons. Accordingly the funds are released for prompt payment to the affected persons.

Compensation at the time of construction of Foundations for Towers (Excavation Concreting) At the time of concreting of foundations of towers considerable movement of vehicles

for transportation of materials/water and steel formwork is involved. This movement

and storage of material cause damages to the existing crops. In this case also the

damages for the access road to the tower locations are also recorded/ evaluated.

The concerned Revenue Staff, including Patwari and Qanoongo, maintain the record


36

which is verified by the ALAO and concerned SDO. The compensation amount for

the damages is calculated in accordance with the prevailing approved rates for the

crops/trees provided by the respective Deputy Commissioner. After verification, SDO

submits the compensation cases to the competent authority for approval. On

approval the payment is immediately made to the affected persons. No payment is

made for the land for the tower footing and the landowner is allowed for the use of

land under the towers.

1. Compensation at the time of tower erection and installation of insulators

and fittings. The same procedure is adopted as described in 1.2 above 2. Compensation at the time of stringing of conductors The stringing of conductors involves the movement of equipment and vehicles along the corridor, which may involve the cutting of trees, and considerable damages to the existing crops. The revenue staff, including Patwari, Qanoongo and ALAO is always at the site to complete the record for the damages. On completion of the estimates and their approval the compensation amount is disbursed promptly. During stringing activities the built-up properties and other structures like pump houses that are likely to affect the required clearance for the transmission line are identified and evaluated for compensation and relocation. The Sub Divisional Engineer In-charge of the work along with the Sub Engineer (Civil) prepare the cost estimates for the relocation of these structures and after proper scrutiny and approval, the compensation is paid as per the rates announced by the Government.


Annex-VIII

Solid Waste Management Plan


38

1. INTRODUCTION Solid Waste Management (SWM) is the generation, segregation, collection, transfer, transportation and disposal of waste in a way that takes into account public health, economics, conservation, aesthetics, and the environment, and is responsive to public demands. This site specific solid waste management plan is applicable to all working sites and accommodation facilities utilized by the Contractor and its subcontractors. It includes labor camps, labor barracks, offices and construction sites. All the workers and visitors will be required to implement solid waste management system at site. 2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The Solid Waste Management Plan is designed to improve the quality of life of people working for the construction of proposed Project and to conserve natural resources by reducing, reusing and recycling (3R) the waste in a sustainable manner. 3. DEFINITIONS Aqueous waste: All untreated effluents such as sewage, detergent, etc. Hazardous waste: It includes chemical waste either liquid or solid that may present a risk of personal injury or impact on the environment, including oils, grease and other hydrocarbon based materials.

Solid waste: Includes domestic waste, concrete, soil, redundant scrap etc. 4. RESPONSIBILITIES 4.1. Site Supervisor Site Supervisor FWO is responsible for hiring and facilitating staff for collection, segregation, transportation and disposal of waste. His responsibilities include:

• Ensure housekeeping at offices and camps. • Provide drainage of rain water in all areas. • Provide hygienic conditions in living rooms and dining halls. • Collect all waste, segregate it properly and dispose of accordingly. • Ensure no littering inside the camps • Daily sweeping and collection of waste from rooms. • Sanitation of wash rooms and toilets. • Fumigation to avoid any pests. • Maintaining environment healthy for all workers.

4.2. Site Waste Coordinator Environmental Engineer will be responsible to monitor and report progress of overall management of the waste. The contractor shall ensure suitable arrangements for consignment and disposal of waste materials. These arrangements will include;

• Daily monitor site conditions and ensure that remedial actions are implemented.

• Transfer of waste material from generation site to the disposal.


39

• Record of Waste generation, collection, transportation and disposal to be reported to the Environmental Engineer on monthly basis. Contractor will discuss all efforts and issues of waste management system.

• Implementation of this plan, such as collection of solid waste from waste bin into drums, and onward from waste drum to solid waste pits and transportation of the solid waste and segregation at solid waste pits area.

5. GENERATION RATE OF WASTE Generation rate of the waste has been calculated on basis of waste collected per day from the camps. The total waste collected is around 40 Kg while average manpower available will be 200 i.e.

Generation Rate = Total amount of waste generated/Total manpower *No. of days

= (24.5/200 * 1) = 0.20 kg/capita/day

6. PRIMARY COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL Primary collection involves waste collection from generating source. All the waste will be collected in separate bins basing upon their type and transported to nearby waste collection drums. 6.1. Room and Street Sweeping All the rooms, corridors walkways etc. will be swept on daily basis with their waste collected into drums. These drums will be emptied on need basis. Frequency to clear the drum will be optimum to avoid any nuisance or litter in the area. 6.2. Site Domestic Waste Collection All the domestic waste from camps and accommodation site will be collected into drums, emptied into jumbo plastic bags and transported to the final disposal point using vehicle. The vehicle will be covered cautiously to prevent littering during transportation. 6.3. Construction Waste Major part of the construction waste (including surplus concrete, washing waste from transit mixer, concrete pump, batching plant waste etc.) will be re-used or recycled during the mixing phase. The remaining waste will be disposed of in demarked and designated places as approved by the Supervision Consultant. Paper bags of used cement will be sold for recycling purpose.


40

6.4. Waste with Commercial Value Timber and other scrap material with a commercial value shall be separated, stored in segregated areas prior to removal and ultimately sold for recycling or reuse purpose. 6.5. Hazardous Waste All the waste from Mechanical workshop will be stored into different drums after segregation. Waste such as used mobile oil and vehicle filters will be sold through commercial department for recycling. Batteries shall be drained and flushed before disposal, and the residual acid diluted and neutralize, shall be discharged into the septic tank. Similarly all the other waste will be collected from the workshop and handed over for proper storage and ultimate transfer to concerned selected vendors for re-use or recycling. The municipal waste from Mechanical workshop will be collected in drums daily and segregated before final disposal into disposal pit. 6.6. Medical waste The medical waste generated will be collected in designated bins. These bins will be labeled to distinguish infectious and non-infectious wastes. Sharp containers will be provided in the medical facilities (for syringes, suturing kits and needles) and also clearly identified bagging for infectious or contaminated dressings; which will be removed and disposed of properly. 7. SUPPORT STAFF FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT In residential areas and offices, housekeeping staff is hired and administered by administration department. While on site, site in charge is responsible for good housekeeping. Collection, segregation and transportation of waste till the disposal pits is the responsibility of Site Supervisor. 8. TRANSPORTATION OF WASTE All the waste from waste collection drums gathered from residential areas, office area and construction site will be transported to disposal pit through vehicle. This can be a tractor trolley or any vehicle with open rear side. The vehicle will be properly covered to avoid littering on its way to disposal pit. 9. SEGREGATION OF WASTE All the waste will be transported to disposal pit where final segregation will be done. The segregation staff is the same appointed for housekeeping purpose. Segregation will be in accordance with 3R technique. First of all, it will be required to reduce the amount of waste generated. Moreover, all the Recyclable and Reusable material will be segregated. All the waste will be segregated at all stages of solid waste management to ensure maximum recovery of valuable material. All the segregated


41

material will be temporarily stored in pits meant for the purpose and sold to vendor to promote recovery of valuable material. 10. TRANSPORTATION OF MEDICAL WASTE All the medical waste will be collected into designated bins. These bins will have polythene bags inside them. The non-hazardous, non-infectious waste will be disposed of along other municipal waste. The infectious waste will be burnt into a metallic drum. 11. DISPOSAL OF WASTE All the municipal waste will be disposed of in disposal pits. Three pit systems should be developed behind the labor camps. One pit should be for reusable and recyclable material, second for general waste and third pit is meant for the decomposition of organic waste. There is a katcha/Clayey track that connects these pits with other facilities. All three pits should be labeled with sign boards and barricaded/fenced. Three waste pits can be further improved with time and experience. 12. CONCLUSION All the waste will be collected according to the procedures delineated in the plan. The housekeeping staff/workers will collect this waste and shift it into vehicle for transportation to the disposal area. Segregation will be done at each level and step to promote maximum recycling and reuse to reduce waste and ensure sustainability of the resources.


Annex-IX

Emergency Response and Contingency Plan


42

A. PURPOSE This plan has been developed to:

Control or limit any effect that a hazard or any potential risk may impose on proposed project of 500 kV Faisalabad Grid Station and associated transmission line, neighboring sites and the surrounding communities during construction phase.

Facilitate emergency response and provide assistance on the site as may be appropriate to the occasion.

To ensure communication of all vital information to appropriate internal and external parties as soon as possible.

To facilitate reorganization activities so that operations can be resumed.

To provide for training so that an appropriate level of preparedness can be continually maintained.

To provide a basis for updating and reviewing emergency procedures.

B. SCOPE The scope applies to all activities carried out at proposed project of 500 kV Faisalabad Grid Station and associated transmission line (40 km).

C. DEFINITION Emergency: An emergency is any condition or situation which requires assistance over and above the capability of personnel present and which has the potential to cause serious injury or loss of life, major property damages and disruptions onsite and/or off-site and requires the use of outside resources to handle it effectively. Emergency Plan: The Emergency Plan basically provides a clear statement of definite assignments of responsibilities and authorities of the Emergency Organization. Its objective is to help contain and control incidents, to safeguard employees and others who may be affected and to minimize damage.

D. RESPONSIBILITIES Emergency Controller The Emergency Controller is overall responsible for establishing and operating the emergency plan; schedules and reviews trials of the emergency plan; ensures emergency coordinators have trained emergency squads; and decides the best use of resources during emergency Fire and Traffic Coordinator Fire & Traffic Coordinator refers to someone responsible for ensuring that updated fire service drawings are available in the emergency control centre; in conjunction with the controller ensures trained fire fighters are available during construction phase; and ensures that suitably trained alternate is available. First Aid Coordinator


43

First Aid Coordinator refers to someone responsible for ensuring that there is available a group of trained Emergency First Aiders Team to provide assistance to victims in emergency; identifies an emergency sick bay in conjunction with the emergency controller; and ensures basic first aid kits and equipment are available for emergency purposes. Emergency Coordinator The Emergency coordinator is responsible for:

Incident control and safety of personnel.

Committing manpower, equipment, and materials required to implement this plan and expeditiously control and remove any quantity of hazardous material (including oil) released/discharged that may be harmful.

Evacuating site personnel and/or responding to the incident as appropriate.

Taking the Visitor/Contractor Sign-In Book, employee list, MSDS book, and employee schedule upon evacuation.

Co-ordination activities with emergency services on the scene.

Identifying and evaluating hazardous conditions at the site.

Terminating operations where there are unnecessary risks due to hazardous conditions

Taking action to protect the public by keeping unauthorized people away from heavy transmission line Construction sites and establish site security.

Notifying local and state agencies (Fire, Emergency, Environmental, etc.).

Handling all inquiring press representatives courteously, with assistance from proposed transmission line Construction Site Communications Department.

Taking steps to initiate the clean-up and decontamination process.

Giving the "All Clear" indication with consultation with any public emergency officials when we can return to safe operations.

Ensuring that all hazardous materials and waste has been dealt in an environmentally correct manner.

Maintaining an effective and up-to-date Emergency Planning Program.

Appointing delegates to carry out emergency duties. Emergency Response Organization The Purpose of Emergency Response Organization is to focus on the management and structure of Emergency Response Teams on or near the proposed site.

1 First Aid Team Coordinator.

1 Fire Fighter & Rescue Team Coordinator.

1 Incident Command Center Coordinator.


Annex-X

Glossary


44

GLOSSARY

Affected Person / People (APs)-Any person affected by Project-related changes in use of land, water, natural resources, or income losses. Affected Households (AHs)- All members of a household residing and operating as a single economic unit affecting adversely by the Project or any of its components. It may consist of a single nuclear family or an extended family group. Baseline Condition: A baseline condition is a measure of the subjects responses on the dependent variable before implementing the experimental manipulation. The reason to conduct a baseline condition is to identify the subjects' preexisting responses without the influence of the manipulation. Build–Own–Operate–Transfer (BOOT): It is a form of project financing, wherein a private entity receives a concession from the private or public sector to finance, design, construct, and operate a facility stated in the concession contract. This enables the project proponent to recover its investment, operating and maintenance expenses in the project. Community development planning: This plan consists of a public participatory and usually interactive form of town or neighborhood planning and design in which diverse community members (often termed “stakeholders”) contribute toward formulation of the goals, objectives, planning, fund/resource identification and direction, planned project implementations and reevaluation of documented local planning policy. Compensation: Payment in cash or in kind for an asset or a resource that is acquired or affected by a project at the time the asset needs to be replaced. Cut- off date: Date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. Persons occupying the project area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets (such as built structures, crops, fruit trees, and woodlots) established after the date of completion of the assets inventory, or an alternative mutually agreed on date, will not be compensated. Economic displacement: Loss of income streams or means of livelihood resulting from land acquisition or obstructed access to resources (land, water, or forest) resulting from the construction or operation of a project or its associated facilities. Environmental Impact Assessment: (EIA) is the formal process used to predict the environmental consequences (positive or negative) of a plan, policy, program, or project prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action. Environmental Management Plan: An EMP is a site-specific plan developed to ensure that all necessary measures are identified and implemented in order to protect the environment and comply with environmental legislation. Entitlement - Range of measures comprising compensation, income restoration, transfer assistance, income substitution, and relocation which are due to affected people, depending on the nature of their losses, to restore their economic and social base. Geographic Information System: A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data. Host population: People living in or around areas to which people physically displaced by a project will be resettled who, income may be affected by the resettlement.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concession_(contract)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_sector

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighborhood

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funding

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implementation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation


45

Household - The people or families residing under one roof, using the same living and operating as a single economic unit. A house hold is the economic unit for

resettlement and compensation. A household consists of one or more people who

live in the same dwelling and also share at meals or living accommodation, and may consist of a single family or some other grouping of people. A single dwelling will be considered to contain multiple households if either meals or living space are not shared. Income Restoration – Re-establishing income sources and livelihoods of people are to be relocated. Involuntary resettlement: Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the displaced persons or if they give their consent without having the power to refuse resettlement. Metres above mean sea level (MAMSL): or simply metres above sea level (MASL or m.a.s.l.), is a standard metric measurement in metres of the elevation of a location in reference to historic mean sea level pH: a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid, and higher values more alkaline. Resettlement policy framework: A resettlement policy framework is required for projects with subprojects or multiple components that cannot be identified before project approval. This instrument may also be appropriate where there are valid reasons for delaying the implementation of the resettlement, provided that the implementing party provides an appropriate and concrete commitment for its future implementation. The policy framework should be consistent with the principles and objectives of OP 4.12. Indigenous People- Invariably refers to “ethnic minorities”, “cultural minorities”, “tribes”, “natives”, indigenous cultural minorities”, and “aboriginals” whose social or cultural beliefs and practices are distinct from the mainstream society and are therefore at greater risk of being disadvantaged in the development process. Land Acquisition - The process whereby a person is compelled by a government agency to alienate all or part of the land for public purpose or any development. Market Value - The value of asset determined by market transaction of similar assets and finally arrived at after negotiations with the stakeholders, and it includes transaction costs without the depreciation and deductions for salvaged building material. Participation - Process that allows Affected Persons and other stakeholders to influence and share control over development initiatives, decisions and the use of resources which affect them. Project Area - The area specified by the Project Document in the Official Notification and includes the areas within administrative limits of the Provincial Government. Project Director (PD) – An Officer nominated by the Irrigation and Power Department, Government of the Punjab responsible for execution of the project. Rehabilitation - Compensatory measures provided under the Policy Framework on involuntary resettlement other than payment of the replacement cost of acquired assets. Relocation – Rebuilding housing, assets, including productive land, and public infrastructure in another location. Replacement Cost - The value determined to be fair compensation of land based on its productive potential, the replacement cost of houses and structures (current fair market price of building materials and labor without depreciation or deductions for salvaged building material), and the market value of residential land, crops, trees,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metres

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level


46

and other commodities. Resettlement Effect -Loss of physical and non-physical assets including homes, communities, productive land, income-earning assets and sources, resources, cultural sites, social structures, networks/ties, cultural identity and mutual help mechanisms. Severely Affected- Means more than 10% of the land or structure is affected or even some less than 10% but the remaining portion is no longer viable for use. Squatters/ Informal Settlers - The persons who occupy and use an asset / land without possession or having any legal title or a right to use / possess the same. Stakeholders: Any and all individuals, groups, organizations, and institutions interested in and potentially affected by a project or having the ability to influence a project. Vulnerable groups: People who by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage, or social status may be more adversely affected by resettlement than others and who may be limited in their ability to claim or take advantage of resettlement assistance and related development benefits.


Annex-XII

List of Abbreviations


47

List of Abbreviations

AC Assistant Commissioner AHs Affected Houses/Households AM Assistant Manager AOI Area of Impact APs Affected Population BHU Basic Health Unit BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOQ Bill of Quantity CBO Community Based Organization CCR community complaint register CO Carbon Monoxide CO2 Carbon Dioxide COD Chemical Oxygen Demand COI Corridor Area of Impact dB Decibel DC Deputy Commissioner DO District Officer DOR District Officer Revenue E&SIC Environmental & Social Impact Cell ECM Entitlement and Compensation Matrix ED Environment Department EHV Extra High Voltage SI Soil Investigations (SI EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environmental Monitoring Cell EMF Electro Magnetic Field EMMP Environment Management and Monitoring Plan EPA Environment Protection Act\Agency ERP Environmentally Responsible Procurement ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment EU European Union FESCO Faisalabad Electricity Supply Company FSL Full Supply Level GIS Geographical Information System GOP Government of Pakistan Govt. Government GRC Grievance Redressal Committee GS Grid Station GST General Sales Tax HPP Hydropower Project HV High Voltage IES International environment specialist ( ILO International Labor Organization JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KM Kilometer KV Kilo Volts LAA Land Acquisition Act


48

LARP Land Acquisition & Resettlement Plan MBBS Bachelors in Medicine Bachelors in Surgery MW Megawatts NCS National Conservation Strategy NEQS National Environment Quality Standards NGO Non Government Organization NO2 Oxides of nitrogen NTDC National Transmission Dispatch Coompany OIC Organization for International Cooperation OP Operational Procedures P&Ds Planning and Development Departments PAI Project Area of Impact Pak-EPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency PAPs Project Affected Persons PC Planning Commission PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act PEPC Pakistan Environment Protection Council PEPO Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance PGA Peak Ground Acceleration PIU Project Implementation Unit PKR Pakistani Ruppee PKR Pakistan Rupee PM Particulate matter PMU Program Management Unit PPM Parts per Million RAP Resettlement Action Plan ROW Right of Way SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SEIA Summary of EIA SOP Survey of Pakistan SOx Oxides of Sulphur SR Sensitive Receptor TL Transmission Line TOR Terms of Reference UC Union Council UNO United Nations Organization USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency WAPDA Water & Power Development Authority WB World Bank WCS World Conservation Strategy WHO World Health Organization


Annex-XII

References


49

SOURCES OF DATA / REFERENCES

Asian Development Bank – Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003.

Biswas, K; and Gepingh. Eds. 1987, Environmental Impact Assessment for Developing Countries, Natural resources and the Environment Series. Vol.19. London: United National University, Typology International.

Environmental Assessment Checklist and Guidelines, Environmental Protection Agency, Punjab, Government of Pakistan.

Forests & Biodiversity Information/Data Report Pakistan, UNDP.

GOP, 1998. Population Census Reports. Chiniot & Gojra Districts.

Guidelines for Handling, Storage, Inspection and Accident Investigation of Hazardous Substances and Hazardous Wastes. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA), Government of Pakistan.

Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports, Environment Department, Punjab.

IUCN.2012. Guidelines for application of IUCN Red List Criteria at regional and national levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN.

National Resettlement Policy (Draft) 2002, Ministry of Environment, Government of Pakistan.

Pakistan Environmental Legislation & Environmental Quality Standards, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Government of Pakistan.

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA), Government of Pakistan.

Project Implementation and Resettlement of Affected Persons Ordinance 2001, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA), Government of Pakistan.

Seismic Hazard Analysis and Zonation for the Northern Areas of Pakistan and Kashmir, Pakistan Metrological Department.

Sheikh, K. M. and Molur, S. 2003. Status and Red List of Pakistan’s Mammals. Based on the Pakistan Mammals Conservation Assessment and Manegment Plan Workshop 18-22 August 2003. IUCN, the World Conservation Union.

NTDC,Lalian GS&TL, EIA Report, December 2015.

UNDP, 1994. UNDP Environmental Data Report Pakistan, 1993-94.

World Bank. 1999. WB, OP, 4.01 - Environmental Assessment.

World Bank. 2001. WB, OP, 4.04 - Natural Habitats.

World Bank. 2001. WB, OP, 4.37 - Safety of Dams.

World Bank. 2002. WB, OP, 4.36 - Forests.

World Bank. 2003. WB, OP, 4.20 - Gender and Development.

World Bank. 2005. WB, OP, 4.10 - Indigenous People.

World Bank. 2011. WB, OP, 13.60 - Monitoring and Evaluation.

World Bank. 2011. WB, OP, 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement.

JICA, Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations, April 2010. JICA’s Involuntary Resettlement Policy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Pakistan







http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTOPMANUAL/0,,contentMDK:20064724~menuPK:4564185~pagePK:64709096~piPK:64709108~theSitePK:502184,00.html


Annex-XIII

Terms of References


50

TERMS OF REFERENCES

Terms of reference (TOR) Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the proposed project is conducted according to the Terms of References (ToR) which include:

Investigation of the environmental and social conditions, potentials and limitations.

Demonstration of the viability of the project from socio-environmental aspects.

Identification of the negative/adverse impacts and

Assess the cost of corresponding environmental and social mitigation measures necessary to avoid, reverse or otherwise acceptably manage these impacts.

Environment & Social Impact Assessment (EIA) Process Preparation of comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment report envisaged collection of secondary data, generation of baseline data, formulation of environmental impact statements and prediction and evaluation of impacts to formulate Environmental Management Plan/s for the Faisal Abad West TL & GS project. The EIA has the following methodology to be adopted for its proper accomplishment.

Collection of information about site of the project,

Environmental survey of the site and surrounding areas by a team of professionals

Collection and generation of baseline data related to land, water, air, noise, floral and faunal environment, and socio economic status of project area; and

Evaluation of the present status of water, land, biological, climate and socioeconomic components and prediction of impacts on the environment including the parameters of human interest.

Methodology In the present Study standard methods, were followed for Environmental and Impact Assessment. A brief account of the methodologies and matrixes followed in the present study is given below under different headings. All the methods were structured for collection and organization of environmental baseline data and identification of environmental impacts. The information, thus gathered, has been analyzed and presented in the form of a number of visual formats for easy interpretation and decision-making. Survey Primary and then detailed surveys were conducted, in November, 2015 collect data related to geology, flora, fauna, forest types and ecological parameters including soil types. A comprehensive socioeconomic survey of the project affected villages and families were also conducted. The detailed questionnaires used for the collection of data on villages and individual households are given as Annexure. These data were extracted and presented in accordance with the standard EIA methodology used for such studies. Impact Prediction


51

Prediction of impacts has been based on a broad matrix group ‘ecosystem’ constituted by physical and biological components. The vulnerability of an ecosystem to various impacts resulting from an activity or multiple activities was identified and accordingly impacts predicted. The main theme of the ecosystem approach in visualizing impacts on various sets of environmental data revolves around the idea that natural processes and patterns are likely to be affected under impacts of a developmental activity. In natural ecosystems the impacts would surely change the existing state of equilibrium. In managed ecosystems and human societies impacts could be of positive as well as adverse consequence. Similarly, in case of natural ecosystems likelihood of adverse impacts could be seen in terms of direct and/or indirect, temporary or permanent impacts. In absence of long-term data availability on various environmental variables and also the paucity of studies on their likely responses to changes under developmental activities, it is difficult to predict impacts with a high degree of exactness and certainty. For example, it will not be possible to predict impacts of such a developmental activity on the behavioral patterns of animal and bird populations except for the fact that their habitats may come under stress. In that sense these predictive impacts could be said to have a limitation. The mitigation measures and environmental monitoring have been worked out in the light of environmental impacts assessed. The resettlement issues have been taken care of and for these purpose estimates of the affected population. The cost of the public assets was evaluated according to the prevailing rates. In the absence of the complete information, the consultants made their own estimate of quantity and cost keeping in view the cost of the similar types of structures surrounding the area/locality. Interviews, field visits/surveys, scoping sessions with officials/notables and concerned stakeholders were also made for the accomplishment of the study.

Structure of the Report The Environmental Impact Assessment Report comprises of nine chapters and annexes. Chapter 1, Introduction; gives an introduction of the Project, scope of work for Environmental Impact Assessment, Approach and methodology, the study team etc. Chapter 2, Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework; provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation that applies to the proposed project. The project is expected to comply with all national/provincial legislation relating to environment in Pakistan, and to obtain all the required regulatory clearances. It also deals with the requirements of international agencies and other international protocols for protection of biodiversity for which Pakistan has firm commitment. Chapter 3, Description of the Project; gives a rather detailed account of the Project particularly emphasizing those project components which are of importance in relation with environmental and social aspects. Chapter 4, Analysis of Alternatives; describes the analysis of alternatives, which could be site alternative, design or technology alternatives.


52

Chapter 5, Environmental and Social Baseline Conditions; provides information about the environmental and social settings of the project area, geology, climate, flora, fauna, water resources, socioeconomic conditions etc. Chapter 6, Stakeholders and Public Consultations; deals with the outcome of the consultation carried out with the local communities, knowledgeable people, public representatives, etc. It discusses the concern of various tires of the people and provides an outline how these have been addressed within the EIA of the project. Chapter 7, Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures; identifies the potential impacts due to the implementation of 500 kV grid station and allied transmission lines on the physical, biological and social environment of the Project Area. Chapter 8, Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans; outlines the environmental management plan, identifies the roles and responsibilities to implement EMP, suggest monitoring frequencies of various parameters, environmental costs etc. Chapter 9, Conclusions and Recommendations; sums up the report and conclusions and recommendations resulting from the study.


Annex-XIV

Team Composition & Task Assignments


53

Team Composition & Task Assignments

Name Area of Expertise Position

Assigned Task Assigned

Mr. Shabbir Ahmad Khan

Environmental Specialist EIAs/ESIAs/ SEA Resettlement Expert

Project Manager/ Team Leader

Planning, management and supervision of ESIA, SEIA, EMP and RAP reports

Interface with Client

Presentations to Client

QA of all reports

Public hearing of ESIA

Mr. Muzaffar Abbas

Resettlement and Social Development, Participatory Action Planning (SIA, RAP &LARP)

Chief Sociologist

Supervise environmental survey for social, economic and cultural parameters

Awareness and capacity building of the team in project functions

Check and review socio-economic survey with participation of representatives of affected people

Preparation of socioeconomic baseline, assessment of proposed project impacts on social settings and also suggest appropriate mitigation measures.

Mr. Ali Salman Zafar

EIA, IEE, SIA etc. HSE- Coordination Wastewater Treatment

Environmentalist/ Field Manager

Responsible for data collection, data management, data analysis for incorporation into the report.

Meeting with Government Bodies for data collection.

Co-ordination with community and other stake-holders.

Organizing and attending public consultation meetings.


ANNEX-XV

Photolog


54

Grid Station Site


55

Environmental Monitoring at Site


56

Scoping Session at Grid Station Site


57

Meetings held with Government Officials


58


59


60

Scoping sessions held in villages along the proposed T/L


61


62


63


64

Documents

Environmental Impact Assessment Report Faisalabad West …EIA Faisalabad West GS%26TL (Final).pdfEnvironmental Impact Assessment Report Faisalabad West GS & T/L ii 2.4.8 The Pakistan