Entry level driver training

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ENTRY LEVEL DRIVER TRAINING

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ENTRY LEVEL DRIVER TRAINING

• Driver Qualification• Driver Wellness• Hours of Service• Whistleblower Protection

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GENERAL DRIVER QUALIFICATION

• At least 21 years old.• Can read, write, and speak

English.• Have experience and/or

training to safely operate your vehicle.

• Pass required physical exam.• Pass controlled substance test.

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• Have valid motor vehicle operator’s license.

• Provide employer with list of violations over past 12 months.

• Are not disqualified to drive a CMV.

• Passed a road test.

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• Can determine whether cargo is properly loaded, distributed, and secured.

• Are familiar with methods and procedures for securing cargo (both goods and passengers).

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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS

• Must pass a physical exam. • Must carry a certificate

signed by a medical examiner stating you are physically qualified.

• Employer must keep a copy of certificate in driver qualification file .

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• You are not qualified if you have:₋ Lost a foot, leg, hand, or arm. ₋ An impairment of a hand,

finger, arm, foot, or leg which interferes with your ability to perform normal tasks associated with driving a CMV.

₋ Diabetes requiring insulin for control.

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• You are not qualified if you have:₋ Heart disease, which causes

you chest pain, fainting, or shortness of breath.

₋ Chest or breathing problems like chronic asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis.

₋ High blood pressure likely to interfere with driving.

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• You are not qualified if you have:₋ Loss of movement or feeling in part

of your body.₋ Any sickness which is likely to

cause loss of consciousness or any loss of ability to control a CMV.

₋ Any mental problems likely to interfere with your ability to drive a CMV safely.

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• You are not qualified if you have:

₋ Poor vision that affects your ability to see objects that are far away, objects to the side, or traffic signal colors.

₋ Poor hearing.

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• You are not qualified if you have:₋ Used certain drugs (unless

prescribed by a doctor who has

advised you that use will not adversely affect your ability to safely operate a CMV).

₋ A current clinical diagnosis of alcoholism.

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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§391.15)

• You are disqualified if convicted of any of the following while operating a CMV:

₋ Driving with an alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or more.

₋ Driving under the influence of alcohol as prescribed by state law.

₋ Refusing to undergo alcohol testing.

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• You are disqualified if convicted of any of the following while operating a CMV:

₋ Operating under the influence of a controlled substance.

₋ Transporting, possessing, or unlawfully using drugs.

₋ Leaving the scene of an accident involving a CMV.

₋ Committing a felony involving a CMV.

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• Disqualification period ranges from 6 months to 3 years depending on severity of the offense.

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• Violating an out-of-service order disqualifies you for 90 days to 5 years.

• Penalties are more severe for drivers of vehicles carrying passengers or hazardous materials.

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• Drivers who hold a CDL can be disqualified for certain offenses committed in anytype of vehicle.

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SCENARIO:

• Bob is about five miles away from his last delivery of the day. After this quick stop, he’ll head back to the terminal, complete his post-trip inspection, and go home. Just ahead of him on the highway, a car hits a patch of ice, skids into another car, and both vehicles end up in the ditch. Though Bob witnessed the accident and was first to reach the scene, he keeps on driving. He is in a hurry to finish his work day and head home.

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SCENARIO:

• Mary is very tired. She has put in several long days and plans to stop at a hotel for the night when she gets to the next town, about ten miles away. She is starting to feel the effects of fatigue – yawning, trouble keeping her eyes open, and trouble keeping her vehicle in the appropriate lane. A law enforcement officer observes Mary’s vehicle weaving in and out of its lane. The officer pulls Mary over, asks her a few basic questions, and does a check of her operator’s license. The officer then asks Mary to submit to a breath alcohol test. Mary is insulted by the officer’s request and refuses.

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HOURS OF SERVICE (PROPERTY)

• 11-hour driving rule:– All time behind the wheel

is driving time.– Must have 10 consecutive

hours of rest after 11 hours of driving time.

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QUIZ

1. You are qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle if you:a. Are at least 21 years old.b. Pass a required physical exam.c. Pass a road test.d. All of the above.

2. You must carry a certificate signed by a medical examiner that states you are physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle.a. True b. False

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• 14-hour rule: – May not drive after the 14th

consecutive hour after coming on duty.

– Must have 10 consecutive hours of rest .

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10 HOURS OFF-DUTY

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ON-DUTY TIME

• All time waiting to be dispatched unless… • All time inspecting, servicing CMV.• Drive time.• In/on a CMV not SB.• All time spent w/ a CMV (un)loading, supervising, assisting,

readiness.• All time repairing, assistance disabled.• All time spent traveling to/from/providing a drug/alcohol

specimen.• Performing other work.• Performing compensated non-motor carrier.

395.2

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• A driver may do non-driving work after reaching the 60/70 hour limit, but the hours must be added to the total.

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• 60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/ 8-day limit:

– A driver cannot drive after having been on duty for 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days.

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HOURS OF SERVICE - (PROPERTY-CARRYING)

• 34-hour restart:– Any period of 7/8 days

may end with the start of a 34-hour off-duty period.

– Can only be used if 60/70-hour limit has not been exceeded.

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Company Name

Main Office Address

1 Date 2 Miles Today 3 Truck & Trailer #s 4 Company Name 5 Signature 6 24 Hr Period Starting Time 7 Main Office Address 8 City, State Duty Changes 9 Co-driver 10 Total Hrs Each Duty Status 11 Shipping Document or Commodity

LOGGING

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• Log keeping responsibilities: – Entries must be current. – Entries must be legible/in

driver’s own handwriting.

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• Record retention: – Original record of duty status must

be submitted to the carrier within 13 days.

– Company policy: end of each trip.– Keep a copy of each record for the

previous 7 consecutive days. in your possession and available for inspection while on duty.

– Carrier must keep records of duty status and all supporting documents for 6 months.

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LOG EXCEPTION: 100 AIR MILES

• Exempt from logging requirement if:– Within 100 air-miles (115.08 statute miles).– Returns to the work-reporting location & is released

within 12 consecutive hours.– Has at least 10 hours off separating each 12 hours on-

duty.– Doesn’t exceed 11 hours maximum drive time following.

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LOG EXEMPTION: 16 HOUR DAY

• Return to normal work reporting location for 5 previous duty “workdays”.

• Return to normal work reporting location within 16 hours after coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty.

• Not taken this exemption in the previous 6 days except following a 34 hour restart.

• Doesn’t drive after 11 hours following the 10 consecutive off-duty hours.

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LOG EXCEPTION: CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT

• Involved in transportation of construction materials & equipment:– By a driver to/from active construction site w/in 50 air

mile radius of normal work reporting location.– Any period of 7 or 8 days may end if have 24+ hours

successive off.• Cannot use if placardable quantities of hazardous materials.

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QUIZ

1. All time spent behind the wheel is considered driving time.a. True b. False

2. You are required to keep a record of duty status (driver’s log) showing all of your driving and non-driving activities.a. True. b. False.

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FATIGUE

• Ranges from sleepy to exhausted.

• Can cause involuntary brain shutdown.

• Most adults need 7-8 hours of sleep.

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FATIGUE

• Sleep loss of as little as 2 hours can affect:– Judgment– Reaction time– Coordination– Attitude/mood

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FATIGUE

• Circadian rhythm = Body’s internal clock.

• Most people’s clocks run on a 24-hour basis with high and low points.

• Disruption of the clock can lead to fatigue.

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FATIGUE

• Signs of fatigue:– Drowsiness– Yawning– Lack of alertness.– Fighting to keep eyes

open.

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FATIGUE

• Signs of fatigue:– Head drooping.– Sore/stiff neck muscles.– Reduced reaction time.

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FATIGUE

• Signs of fatigue:– Erratic shifting.– Intermittent braking.– Following vehicles too

closely.– Bad driving decisions.– Lane deviations/weaving.

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FATIGUE

• Ways to fight fatigue:– Get a solid 8 hours of sleep.– Establish a regular sleep

routine.– Avoid driving during body’s

“down time”.– Exercise regularly.– Eat properly.– Take a nap.

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FATIGUE

• Good sleeping habits:– Sleep in a quiet, dark room.– Keep sleeping area

comfortable.– Have a bedtime routine.

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FATIGUE

• Sleep apnea: – Brief interruptions in breathing.– Wakes person so briefly he/she

doesn’t know it happened.– Can repeat up to 600 times a

night causing increased fatigue.

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GENERAL WELLNESS

• Eat right.• Exercise regularly.• Get proper rest.• Undergo periodic physical exams.

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CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE

• LDL = Bad cholesterol• HDL = Good cholesterol

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• Total cholesterol < 200• LDL< 130• HDL > 50

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• High blood pressure is dangerous.

• Can lead to heart and kidney disease.

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• Blood pressure should be < 140/90.

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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE

• Being overweight contributes to many health problems.

• Eating right and physical activity can help in maintaining a healthy weight.

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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE

• Eating right includes:– At least 5 servings of fruits

and vegetables.– Watching fat consumption.– Moderating sugar and salt

intake.– Limiting alcohol use.

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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE

• Moderate physical activity for 30 minutes daily can improve well being.

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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE

• Moderate physical activity includes:– Walking briskly.– Conditioning– General calisthenics.

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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE

• Consult with your physician before starting any program.

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ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE

• Reduces coordination.• Slows reaction rates.• Dulls mental processes.

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STRESS

• A physical or mental response to pressures of an event or factors of living in general.

• Can be positive or negative.• Causes the body to get into

survival mode.

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STRESS

• Prolonged stress can cause:– High blood pressure– Pain– Breathing trouble– Digestive disorders– Insomnia– Fatigue

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STRESS

• Prolonged stress can cause:– Frustration– Irritability– Anger– Impatience– Worry– Lack of self confidence.

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STRESS

• Prolonged stress can lead to:– Accidents– Loss of priorities.– Rushing– Inappropriate behavior.

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STRESS

• Stress-reduction techniques include:– Breaks– Exercise– Proper rest and diet.– Deep breathing/yoga.– Having fun.– Talking to a friend.

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Points Cholesterol Weight & Exercise

Fatigue Potpourri

100 A: A fatty, waxy substance in your blood.

A: It is recommended that you eat at least 5 servings of these types of food daily.

A: A generic term used to describe anything from being sleepy to exhausted.

A: Below 140/90.

200 A: This is called the "good" cholesterol.

A: Moderate physical activity for __minutes can help improve your well being.

A: Most adults need ___ hours of sleep to feel well rested.

A: Eating healthy and increasing activity.

300 A: This is called the "bad" cholesterol.

A: Before starting any exercise program, you should do this.

A: Drowsiness, yawning, lack of alertness.

A: A physical or mental response to pressures of an event or factors of living in general.

400 A: A brittle substance that can build up in your blood vessels, causing them to narrow.

A: Walking briskly, conditioning, and cycling.

A: Your body's biological or internal clock.

A: A sleeping disorder characterized by brief pauses in breathing during sleep.

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QUIZ

1. Healthy habits include:a. The use of illegal drugs.b. Getting 3 to 4 hours of sleep on a daily basis.c. Exercising regularly.d. Drinking 8 to 10 cups of coffee daily.

2. Your health doesn’t play a part in the safe operation of a commercial motor vehicle. a. True. b. False.

3. Generally, most adults need ____ hours of uninterrupted sleep to feel well-rested.a. 4-5 b. 5-6 c. 6-7 d. 7-8

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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION

• Protect you from retaliation if you: – Report a CMV safety violation

to FMCSA.– Testify before FMCSA.– Refuse to operate an unsafe

vehicle.– Refuse to drive in conditions

that may cause injury or violate law.

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• Prohibits your employer from discharging, disciplining, or discriminating in regard to pay, terms or privileges for taking any one of the following actions.

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• Filing a complaint related to the violation of a CMV safety regulation.

• Starting a proceeding related to a violation of a CMV regulation.

• Having testified in or testifying in the future in a proceeding related

to a CMV safety violation.

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• Refusing to operate a CMV due to one of the following reasons:– You would have violated a federal

safety or health regulation.– You believe you would have seriously

injured yourself or someone else had you operated an unsafe vehicle. You asked your employer to correct the unsafe condition, but your employer refused.

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• If you make a CMV safety complaint and it results in any form of discrimination (termination, loss of seniority, undesirable reassignment, etc.) you can file a complaint with OSHA.

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SCENARIO:

• Joe pulls into a scale facility and is asked by law enforcement to park his vehicle for an inspection. At the conclusion of the inspection process, Joe and his vehicle are issued out-of-service service orders for numerous equipment and log violations. Joe is blaming his company for the equipment violations and says that they never fix anything. He states that he has told them about the continued problems but the company refuses to fix their equipment. Joe also states that he has been told to run illegally in regard to his log. He is sick of paying for log violations and losing money due to out-of-service time. He wants to write a formal complaint about the company to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), but is afraid of losing his job and getting "black listed" from other employment.

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• OSHA will gather data and give your employer 20 days to respond.

• Then, if OSHA believes the violation is valid they will continue to pursue the case until the situation is resolved.

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QUIZ

1. Whistleblower protection laws are in place to protect you from retaliation of you report a commercial motor vehicle safety violation to FMCSA.a. True b. False

2. Getting your CDL is all it takes to be a safe and professional driver.a. True b. False

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Entry level driver training