English Pronunciation:

WordStress!

Speak clearly to be understood

Incorrect stress can cause misunderstanding just as much as incorrect sounds.

Stress and Unstress

What does STRESS sound like?

Louder Longer Higher

er ar or ure/ə/

a e i o u

teacher collar doctor measure

zebra garden fossil lion circus

What does UNSTRESS sound like?

But not always!

What is the best way to learn?Connect the learning to as many senses as possible.

1. hearing

2. seeing

4. tasting

3. smelling 5. touching

Action and movement

Secret Weapon for Practising Stress!

OK let’s learn!

We Need Rules!

even though there will always be exceptions.

Number One Rule:Always count syllables

from the tail end.

last

second last

third last

Also known as:

ultimate

penultimate

ante-penultimate

final

2 syllable words:

second last last

final / ultimate

penultimate

Stress on the 1st syllable:MOST 2-syllable nouns and adjectives

have stress on the second last syllable.

BUTter SANDwich

Second lastpenultimate

Stress on the LAST SyllableMOST 2-syllable verbs have stress on the LAST syllable.

diVIDE reCEIVE

finalultimate

Word Stress that Changes

Some 2 syllable words change stressdepending on whether they are used as an adjective or a noun, or a verb.

ADDRESS

COMBAT

COMPOUND

CONDUCT

CONTENT

DECREASE

DESERT

EXPORT

FREQUENT

INSULT

OBJECT

PERFECT PERMIT

PRESENT

PROTEST

TRANSPORT

These are called heteronyms

Rules for Longer Words:Stress is attracted to certain syllables:

-ic

-sion

-xion

The stress falls on the syllable just before ...

-cion

-tion

So where is the stress?

calculation decision

reaction solution

distribution television

relation association

operation

calculation decision

reaction solution

distribution television

relation association

operation

So where is the stress?

What is the pattern here?

economic terrificstrategic logicpathogenic domesticmetabolic statistic

What is the pattern here?

economic terrificstrategic logicpathogenic domesticmetabolic statistic

Where is the stress?

biology biologicalpolicy politicalgeography geographicaluniversity managerialphotography photographicalsociety sociologicaltechnology technologicalelectricity electrical

Where is the stress?biology biologicalpolicy politicalgeography geographicaluniversity managerialphotography photographicalsociety sociologicaltechnology technological

electricity electricalWhat rule? the ‘-ic’

rule

What do they have in common?

biology policygeography universityphotography societytechnology electricity

And where is the stress?

“3rd Last” Rule:

For words that end in consonant + y

-cy

-ty

-gy

-phy

-fy

Stress falls on the third last syllable.

* not -ly

(“ante-penultimate”)

More examples

quality

democracy

allergy

atrophy

clarify

equality

archaeology

choreography

More examples

quality

democracy

allergy

atrophy

clarify

equality

archaeology

choreography

Another “3rd Last” Rule:In words that end in

-ise / -ize

-ate

stress falls on the3rd last syllable.

(“ante-penultimate”)

Some –ise / ize examples:

accessorise acclimatise actualise advertise

agonise anesthetise anodise antagonise

apologise brutalise recognise computerise

contextualise summarise standardise mobilise

organise dramatise emphasise energise

epitomise fantasise fertilise finalise

globalise idolise legalise magnetise

Some –ise / ize examples:

accessorise acclimatise actualise advertise

agonise anesthetise anodise antagonise

apologise brutalise recognise computerise

contextualise summarise standardise mobilise

organise dramatise emphasise energise

epitomise fantasise fertilise finalise

globalise idolise legalise magnetise

Some –ate examples

generate certificate passionate

graduate advocate separate

appropriate estimate associate

concentrate illustrate participate

immediate corporate chocolate

negotiate communicate accommodate

advocate anticipate delegate

Some of these are heteronyms

Some –ate examples

generate certificate passionate

graduate advocate separate

appropriate estimate associate*

concentrate illustrate participate

immediate corporate chocolate

negotiate communicate accommodate

advocate anticipate delegate

Revision:• 2 syllable nouns/adjectives: stress penultimate

syllable (2nd last). (many exceptions)

• 2 syllable verbs: stress ultimate (final) syllable. (most)

• Stress before –ic• Stress before –tion (-sion, -cion, -xion)• Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (3rd last) for

words that end in:1. consonant plus y, (not –ly)2. -ise (/-ize), 3. -ate

Examples worksheet

Answers

Examples worksheet (2)

Answers(2)noun adjective verb 1st syllable last syllable

Time to work

together with your

group

cal- -cu-

-la-

-tion

Demonstrate the stress pattern of the word: calculation

That wasn’t so hard now, was it?

LET’S PLAY BINGO!

Do not write on your card

Use sunflower seeds as markers

FIVE-IN-A-ROW = BINGO!

Bingo Card Maker:

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