Endocrine System Notes

Upload 9.21 Endocrine system notes

Anatomy Physiology-endocrine glands  any tissue or organ that secretes hormones

directly into the bloodstream 

•  Do you know the names of any endocrine glands?

-hormones    a chemical that affects the metabolism or behavior of a cell

•  Do you remember what is meant by "metabolism?

-target cell  a cell having a specific receptor that reacts with a specific hormone

•  Can you think of the names of any specific hormones?

Endocrine GlandsMatching:

Adrenal

Hypothalmus

Ovaries

Pancreas

Parathyroid

Pineal Gland

Pituitary Gland

Testes

Thymus

Thyroid

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Adrenal

Hypothalmus

Ovaries

Pancreas

Parathyroid

Pineal Gland

Pituitary Gland

Testes

Thymus

Thyroid

Releases hormones to the pituitary

Secrete testosterone

Secretes insulin

Master endocrine gland

Metabolizes carbs, proteins, and lipids

Maturation site for immune system cells

Secretes adrenalin

Secrete estrogen

Secretes melatonin (regulates sleep patterns)

Controls the amount of calcium in the blood

Diseases of the Endocrine System

1. Produce too little of a hormone:

Addison's disease- fatigue, upset stomach, dehydration, skin hyperpigmentationdue to underproduction ofcortisol by the adrenal glands

2. Produce too much of a hormone:

Hyperthyroidism- weight loss, fast heart rate, nervousness dueto overproduction of thyroid hormone.

Typically caused by the autoimmune disorder- Graves Disease.

How The Endocrine System Works

1. The nervous system causes a hormone to be released.

Fight or Flight Example:Hypothalamus causes the release of adrenalin

2. The hormone is shuttled through the blood stream to a target cell.

*A hormone’s target cells has receptors that other cells lack.

3. Hormones stimulate changes in the target cell. Fight or Flight Example:

What cells would be targeted?Example: Cardiac muscle cells

What changes would take place?Example: Increased heart rate

4. Negative feedback system control when the endocrine gland should be inhibited or begin to secrete again.

Fight or Flight Example:Heart rate decreases

Watch this animation

Let’s Compare (use the word bank)

Neurons/Glia Epithelial

Neurotransmitter Hormone

Receptors on Postsynaptic

neuron

Receptors on Target Cell

milliseconds Seconds to hours

millisecondsSeconds to

days

Understanding with pictures

Word Bank

Epithelial

Hormone

Neuron

Neurotransmitter

Postsynaptic

Target

Homework