Electricity & MagnetismStatic, Currents, CircuitsMagnetic Fields & Electro MagnetsMotors & Generators

AtomsHave neutrons, protons, and electrons.Protons are positively chargedElectrons are negatively charged

ElectronsAre located on the outer edges of atomsthey can be moved.A concentration of electrons in an atom creates a net negative charge.If electrons are stripped away, the atom becomes positively charged.

The world is filled with electrical charges:+-+++++++++---------

What is this electrical potential called?Static Electricity-------+++++

Static ElectricityThe build up of an electric charge on the surface of an object.The charge builds up but does not flow.Static electricity is potential energy. It does not move. It is stored.

Static DischargeOccurs when there is a loss of static electricity due to three possible things:Friction - rubbingConduction direct contactInduction through an electrical field (not direct contact)

Electricity that movesCurrent: The flow of electrons from one place to another.Measured in amperes (amps)Kinetic energy

How can we control currents?With circuits.Circuit: is a path for the flow of electrons. We use wires.

There are 2 types of currents:Direct Current (DC) Where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire.

There are 2 types of currents:Alternating Current (AC) electrons flow in different directions in a wire

There are 2 types of circuits:Series Circuit: the components are lined up along one path. If the circuit is broken, all components turn off.

Series Circuit

There are 2 types of circuits:Parallel Circuit there are several branching paths to the components. If the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components on that branch will turn off.

Parallel Circuit

Conductors vs. InsulatorsConductors material through which electric current flows easily.

Insulators materials through which electric current cannot move.

ExamplesConductors:MetalWaterInsulators:StyrofoamRubberPlasticPaper

What is Resistance?The opposition to the flow of an electric current, producing heat.The greater the resistance, the less current gets through.Good conductors have low resistance.Measured in ohms.

What Influences Resistance?Material of wire aluminum and copper have low resistanceThickness the thicker the wire the lower the resistanceLength shorter wire has lower resistanceTemperature lower temperature has lower resistance

What is Voltage?The measure of energy given to the charge flowing in a circuit.The greater the voltage, the greater the force or pressure that drives the charge through the circuit.

Difference b/t Volts and AmpsExample you could say thatAmps measure how much water comes out of a hose.Volts measure how hard the water comes out of a hose.

Ohms Law

Resistance = Voltage / Current

Ohms = Volts / Amps

Practice with Ohms Law

What is an electromagnet?Electromagnet a magnet made from a current bearing coil of wire wrapped around an iron or steel core.

What is a generator?Generator a machine that changes mechanical energy to electrical energyUsually use moving magnets to create currents in coils of wire.

What is a motor?Motor a device that changes electrical energy to mechanical energy that can do work.

Thats It !!!!