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Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

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Page 1: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Electricity & Magnetismat Work

Using Electric Power

Chapter 3

Section 3

Page 2: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Electric Power

• The rate at which energy is converted from one form into another.

• James Watt– 1700’s– Designed Steam Engines

Page 3: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Power Ratings

• Stove = 6,000 W• Clothes Dryer = 5,400 W• Water Heater = 4,500 W• Washing Machine =

1,200 W• Dishwasher = 1,200 W• Hair Dryer = 1,200 W• Iron = 1,100 W• Microwave = 1,000 W• Coffee maker = 1,000 W

• Toaster = 850 W• Food Processor = 500 W• Fan = 240 W• TV = 100 W• Clock radio = 12 W

Page 4: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Calculating Power

• Power = Voltage x Current• Watts = Volts x Amps

Page 5: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Power Problem

• A household light bulb has approximately 0.5 amps of current flowing through it.

• Since the standard household voltage is 120 V, what is the power rating of the light bulb?

• P = V x A

Page 6: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Paying for Energy

• Energy = Power x Time • Kilowatt-hour– kWh

• ~$0.10 each

Page 7: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

High Voltage Power

• 10,000 - 800,000 V– More efficient for long

distance conduction

• House Appliances– Use 120 V

Page 8: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Transformers

• A devise that increases/decreases voltage

• Primary Wire induces a current onto a secondary wire– Step Up Transformer– Step Down Transformer

Page 9: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Hans Christian Oersted

• 1820– Electromagnetism

• Discovers that an electric current creates a magnetic field

Page 10: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Michael Faraday & Joseph Henry

• 1830– Electric Induction

• Discover that an electric current can be induced by a changing magnetic field

Page 11: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Thomas Edison

• 1882– Opens his first DC

electric producing power plant in New York City.

– It provided 120 V to 2.6 square kilometers of customers.

Page 12: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Nikola Tesla

• 1888– Received patents for

distributing power via high voltage AC, using step up/down transformers

Page 13: Electricity & Magnetism at Work Using Electric Power Chapter 3 Section 3

Nikola Tesla

• 1893– AC is used to power

the World’s Fair in Chicago