BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITYCITY OF MALOLOS, BULACAN

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EE 311LREPORT NO. 1ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS(PART I)

SUBMITTED BY: NAME: VALILA, MARY GRACE CATHERINE I. C / Y / S: BS ECE 3B SUBMITTED: JULY 2, 2015

SUBMITTED TO: ENGR. DANIEL A. CRISOSTOMO(INSTRUCTOR)

1st SEMESTER / S.Y. 2015 2016EE 311LREPORT NO. 1ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS(PART I)I. OBJECTIVES

FAMILIARIZE OURSELVES WITH THE BASIC ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS. UTILIZE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A SPECIFIC TOOL BY KNOWING ITS PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS. SAVE RESOURCES AND TIME BY KNOWTING WHAT TO DO AND HOW TO DO IT.

II. INTRODUCTION

AS FUTURE ENGINEERS IT IS VITAL THAT WE START FROM THE VERY BASICS AND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF OUR CAREER. THESE FUNDAMENTALS INCLUDE THE BASIC ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS. IT IS VITAL TO START FROM THE BEGINNING IN ORDER TO SUCEED IN THE FUTURE.

III. DISCUSSIONELECTRICAL FUNCTIONS AND TASKS CAN BE SYSTEMATICALLY ACCOMPLISHED TO SAVE TIME, EFFORT AND RESOURCES. MOST OF THE WORK THAT HAS TO BE DONE IN THE SCOPE OF ENGINEERINF CANNOT BE ACCOMPLISHED WITH JUST OUR BARE HANDS. SO, TO EFFECTIVELY PERFORM A TASK WE NEED TO KNOW THE BASIC TOOLS AND MEASURING EQUIPMENT RELATED TO ELECTRONICS.THE TOPIC IS FIRST DIVIDED INTO ITS GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS; THE HAND TOOLS AND MACHINE TOOLS. WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS AREA ARE INDIVIDUAL TOOLS LIKE PLIERS, WRENCHES, HAMMERS AND THE LIKES.

IV. ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INTSRUMENTS I

A. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION

1. HAND TOOLSHAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

2. MACHINE TOOLSHAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

B. HAND TOOLS ( DESCRIPTION, ILLUSTRATION, AND THEIR USES)

1. SCREWDRIVERSA SCREWDRIVER IS A TOOL, MANUAL OR POWERED, FOR TURNING (DRIVING OR REMOVING) SCREWS. A TYPICAL SIMPLE SCREWDRIVER HAS A HANDLE AND A SHAFT, AND A TIP THAT THE USER INSERTS INTO THE SCREW HEAD TO TURN IT.SCREWDRIVERS ARE MADE OUT OF TOOL STEEL HARDENED AND TEMPERED AT THE TIP.THEY COME IN VARIOUS SIZES AND SHAPES WHICH ARE USED TO TURN ON OR DRIVE SCREWS WITH SLOTTED HEADSA SCREWDRIVER IS CLASSIFIED BY ITS TIP, WHICH IS SHAPED TO FIT THE DRIVING ON THE CORRESPONDING SCREW HEAD. PROPER USE REQUIRES THAT THE SCREWDRIVER'S TIP ENGAGE THE HEAD OF A SCREW OF THE SAME SIZE AND TYPE DESIGNATION AS THE SCREWDRIVER TIP.

a. DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCREWDRIVERS

a.1 STANDARD SCREWDRIVERTHE BLADE TIP OF A STANDARD SCREWDRIVER IS FORMED INTO WEDGE TO FIT WITH SLOTTED HEAD SCREWS.THE HANDLE MAY EITHER BE WOOD OR PLASTIC.

a.2 STUBBY SCREWDRIVER

THE TIP OF A STUBBY SCREWDRIVER IS SIMILAR SHAPED LIKE THE STANDARD SCREW DRIVER BUT SHORT SHANK OR BLADE AND ALSO SHORTER HANDLE WHICH IS MADE OF PLASTIC.

a.3 PHILLIPS SCREWDRIVER

THE BLADE TIP IS RECESSED TO FIT THE RECESSED HEAD SCREWSED TO FIT THE RECESSED HEAD SCREWS.THE HANDLE MAY EITHER BE WOOD OR PLASTIC.

a.4 OFFSET SCREWDRIVERTO DRIVE OR LOOSEN SCREWS IN TIGHT PLACES ESPECIALLY USEFUL ON CARS AND MACHINES.

2. PLIERS

PLIERS ARE USED FOR CUTTING AND TWISTING WIRES AND TO GRIP SMALL PARTS. GENERALLY, PLIERS CONSIST OF A PAIR OF METAL FIRST-CLASS LEVERS JOINED AT A FULCRUM POSITIONED CLOSER TO ONE END OF THE LEVERS, CREATING SHORT JAWS ON ONE SIDE OF THE FULCRUM, AND LONGER HANDLES ON THE OTHER SIDE.

a. DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLIERS

a.1 SLIP JOINT OR COMBINATION PLIER (MECHANICAL PLIER)USED FOR CUTTING WIRE AND HOLDING FLAT AND ROUND STOCK.

a.2 SIDE CUTTING PLIERSIDE CUTTING PLIERS ARE MANUFACTURED FOR LIGHT,MEDIUM,AND HEAVY DUTY WORK FOR CUTTING ELECTRICAL WIRE AND SMALL NAILS.

a.3 LONG NOSE PLIER

A LONG NOSE PLIER CAN BEUSED FOR CUTTING AND HOLDING FINE WIRES;CAN REACH INTO TIGHT SPACE.COMMONLY USED BY ELECTRICIANS TO MAKE TERMINAL LOOPS IN COPPER WIRE.

a.4 DIAGONAL PLIER

DIAGONAL PLIERS CAN BE USED FOR CUTTING MEDIUM OR FINE WIRES.USED FOR BENDING SMALL FACES OF SOFT METAL.

a.5 RETAINER RING PLIER

RETAINER RING PLIERS CAN BE USED TO INSTALL RETAINING RINGS WHICH AREA TYPE OF FASTENER USED IN ASSEMBLING PARTS.

a.6 FLAT NOSE PLIERFLAT NOSE PLIERS ARE COMMONLY USED IN SHEET METAL WORK TO BEND SQUARE EDGES.

3. WIRE STRIPPER

A WIRE STRIPPER IS A SPECIAL TOOL USED FOR REMOVING INSULATION OF MEDIUM SIZED WIRES AND CAN REMOVE THE INSULATION OF RUBBER COVERED WIRES VARYING FROM GUAGE NO.26 TO GAUGE NO.10.

4. ELECTRICIANS KNIFE

AN ELECTRICIANS KNIFE IS USED BY LINEMEN TO REMOVE INSULATION OF BIG CABLES IN HIGH AND LOW VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES.

5. WIRE GAGEA WIRE GAGE IS USED IN SIZING CONDUCTORS.THE BROWN AND SHARPE GAGE (B&S),AND LATELY CALLED AMERICAN WIRE GAGE(AWG)CAN MEASURE FROM GAUGE NO.0 TO GAUGE NO.36 SOLID WIRES.

6. MICROMETERA MICROMETER IS USED TO REMOVED THE DIAMETER OF CIRCULAR WIRES IN MILS.IT CAN MEASURE SMALL AND LARGE SIZES OF WIRES.

7. HAMMER

A HAMMER IS A TOOL THAT STRIKES AN OBJECT. THE MOST COMMON USES FOR HAMMERS ARE TO DRIVE NAILS, FIT PARTS, FORGE METAL, AND BREAK APART OBJECTS. HAMMERS VARY IN SHAPE, SIZE, AND STRUCTURE, DEPENDING ON THEIR USES.CLASSIFIED EITHER AS SOFT OR HARD FACES.THE CYLINDRICAL SHAPE HEAD HAMMER HAS A HARD FACE FOR STRIKING HARD OBJECTS LIKE COLD CHISEL,STAR DRILL AND NAILS.THE CYLINDRICAL SHAPED SOFT FACE HAMMER IS MADE OF PLASTIC OR HARD RUBBER USED IN REWINDING JOB.

a. THREE TYPES OF HAMMER

a.1 CLAW HAMMERA CLAW HAMMER IS USED TO DRIVE OR TO PULL OUT NAILS IN THE PIECE OF WOOD.

a.2 BALL PEEN HAMMERA BALL PEEN HAMMER IS USED TO FLATTEN SURFACE OF METAL. IT IS ALSO USED TO STRAIGHTEN METALAND FOR RIVETING METALS.

a.3 SOFT FACED HAMMER (RAW HIDE OR PLASTIC HAMMER)A SOFT FACED HAMMER IS USED FOR REWINDING JOBS LIKE FORMING COILS, ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY OF MOTORS.

8. WRENCHESARENCHES ARE USEDTO TURN NUTS OR HOLD THE PIECE OF STOCK WHEN TIGHTENING SCREWS, NUTS AND BOLTS.

I. DIFFERENT TYPES OF WRENCH

a. ADJUSTABLE WRENCH

AN ADJUSTABLE IS A WRENCH WITH A "JAW" OF ADJUSTABLE WIDTH, ALLOWING IT TO BE USED WITH DIFFERENT SIZES OF FASTENER HEAD (NUT, BOLT, ETC.) RATHER THAN JUST ONE FASTENER OR AS CONVENTIONAL FIXED SPANNER.

a.0 DIFFERENT TYPES OF ADJUSTABLE WRENCH

a.1 MONKEY WRENCHIT HAS A FIXED STRAIGHT JAW AND MOVABLE STARIGHT JAW WHCIH CAN BE ADJUSTED TO HOLD/TIGHTEN BOLT AND NUT WHICH CAN NOT BE DONE BY OTHER KIND OF WRENCHES.

a.2 ADJUSTABLE END WRENCHAND ADJUSTABLE END WRENCH IS HANDY AND CAN QUICKLY BE ADJUSTED FOR SIZE TO GRIP,GRASP PIECE OF STOCK.

a.3 ADJUSTABLE S WRENCHAND ADJUSTABLE S WRENCH IS SIMILAR TO THE ADJUSTABLE WRENCH ONLY THEY DIFFER IN SHAPE.

a.4 VISE GRIP WRENCHA VISE GRIP WRENCH IS A SPECIAL WRENCH WHICH CAN BE LOCKED ON TO AN OBJECT AND WILL GRIP IT WITH GREAT PRESSURE.

a.5 PIPE WRENCHPIPE WRENCHES ARE DESIGNED FOR TIGHTENING AND LOOSENING PIPES AS WELL AS FOR HOLDING ROUND OBJECT.

b. OPEN END WRENCHAN OPEN END WRENCH IS HANDY BUT IS NOT AS DEPENDABLE AS A BOX WRENCH.THIS WRENCH GRASPS THE NUTS ON ONLY TWO OF ITS FLAT SIDE,AND IS SUBJECT TO SLIPPING UNDER A HEAVY PULL.

c. SOCKET WRENCH

THE SOCKET WRENCH IS VERY CONVENIENT TO USE, IN MOST INSTANCES IT IS FASTER TO TURN OR REMOVE TH OBJECT THAN COMPARED TO OTHER.

d. BOX WRENCHIT IS AN EXCELLENT TOOL AS ITS GRIPS THE NUT ON ALL SIDES.THIS REDUCES THE CHANCES OF SLIPPING WITH RESULTANT DAMAGE TO THE NUT AND POSSIBLY THE HAND.

e. ALLEN WRENCHTHE END TIP IS SHAPED HEXAGONALLY TO FIT THE SAME SHAPE OF THE SCREW TO BE TIGHTENED OR LOOSENED.

9. PULLERA PULLER IS USED FOR PULLING GEARS, BEARINGS, BISHINGS ON THE SHAFT OF THE MOTOR OR GENERATOR.

10. CENTER PUNCH A CENTER PUNCH IS USED FOR MARKING METAL PARTS SO THAT THEY CAN BE CORRECTLY RE-ASSEMBLED AS WELL AS FOR MAKING AND CENTERING ON METAL PART TO BORE HOLES.

*REFERENCES:1.) ALL ELECTRICAL TEXTBOOKS