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Electrical Safety Presentation
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Electrical Electrical W o r k p l a c e S a f e t y
NFPA 70E 2012 Significant Changes
Lee Hale
NFPA 70E Committee Member Partner e-Hazard.com
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Disclaimer
This document and the opinions in this document are not the opinion of NFPA or the NFPA 70E committee. The information in this document is based on the ballot and the opinions of those attending the meeting and developing the seminar. They are intended for use by companies in developing best practices for electrical safety compliance and may or may not reflect the minimum requirements of NFPA 70E 2012.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes By the Numbers
Annually, U.S. averages 4,000 non-disabling electrical contact injuries
Annually, U.S. averages 3,600 disabling electrical contact injuries
Every day 1 person is electrocuted in the workplace
Electrocutions are 4th leading cause of traumatic occupational fatalities
Each year +2,000 workers are sent to burn centers with electrical burns
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fata
litie
s US Fatalities with Potential Arc Component
Statistics from BLS website. Analysis by Hugh Hoagland ArcWear.com. To see calculations, visit www.arcwear.com/stats.mht.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
300,000 At-Risk Behaviors
30,000 Near Misses
300 Recordable Injuries
30 Lost-time Injuries
1 Fatality
Overall Safety
10 Recordable Injuries
1 Fatality
Electrical Safety
1 to 300 1 to 10
Importance of Electrical Safety
So could it just take 10,000 electrical at-risk behaviors to lead to a fatality?
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Arc-in-a-Box
Arc-in-a-box energy can be two to twelve times greater when the arc is an arc in a box situation.
Watch the disconnect door
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Common Ways to Interact with Equipment
• Opening or closing doors or removing a cover.
• Operating switches or circuit breakers.
• Racking a circuit breaker. • Using tools or test equipment.
Misunderstood concept
An arc flash hazard is a state that occurs when exposed parts are present OR when you are interacting with a piece of equipment in such a way that you could cause an arc flash.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Arc Blast Data
40 – 50kA can: • Produce a 25
psi pressure wave which can throw a person several feet.
• Create a 165 dB sound wave.
20 kA, 10 cycle <6 cal/cm² Watch disconnect door & mannequin
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 100. Arc Flash Boundary
Related terms used throughout the document such as: • “flash protection boundary” • “flash hazard boundary,” • “flash boundary” • shall be modified to the new term “arc flash
boundary.” • Boundary, Arc Flash • Boundary, Limited, Restricted, Prohibited
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Arc Rating – Total Document
Arc rating will be added across the document to further identify that FR doesn’t always mean the clothing was tested to the correct ASTM test for Arc Rating. MOST flame resistant (FR) garments are arc rated but some “claim” to be FR but meet no related standards. This will eliminate these from use.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(10)(b) Arc Flash Protective Equipment – Head Protection
An Arc rated balaclava shall be used with an arc rated face shield when the back of the head is within the arc flash boundary. An arc rated hood shall be used the incident energy exceeds 12 cal/cm2.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(16) Personal Clothing and Personal Protective Equipment
HRC 2* and HRC 2 are combined HRC 2 will require an arc rated face shield and Balaclava or Arc rated flash suit hood. HRC 1 requires arc rated face shield & safety glasses
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 100. Working On
Working On (energized electrical conductors or circuit parts). Intentionally coming in contact with energized electrical conductors or circuit parts. Clarifies the difference between Diagnostic testing and repair.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 100. Working On
Addresses conflicting statements and articles with testing, trouble shooting, electrically safe work condition and electrical work permit and inadvertent contact Diagnostic Testing is still OK Intentionally coming in contact (repair) requires an electrical work permit.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.2(B)(1) Energized Electrical Work Permit
When Required. When intentionally working on exposed energized conductors or circuit parts within the limited approach boundary.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
Exposed (as applied to energized conductors, parts or equipment).
Misunderstood concept
If you can “inadvertently touch” a part, you MUST be protected from it.
84
Exposed to Electrical Hazards
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.1(C) Documentation
There shall be a documented meeting between the host employer and the contract employer.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Types of Training
•Classroom, and/or •On-the-job (OJT)
• Demonstrated proficiency. • Name & dates training
conducted • Maintained for duration of
employment
NFPA 70E 110.2 (D)
Documentation Required
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.2.C Emergency Procedures
Employees exposed to shock hazards and those employees responsible for taking action in case of emergency shall be trained… … in methods of release … first aid, CPR and in automatic external defibrillator (AED) use. … shall be certified by the employer annually.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Helping Someone Getting Shocked
• Turn off energy source,
if possible.
• Dislodge the person from the energy source by using a non-conductive item such as a broom or board.
• Push them away.
DO NOT touch the person. You will only become a second victim.
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.2(D)(1)(f) Employee Training
The employer shall determine, through regular supervision or through inspections conducted on at least an annual basis that each employee is complying with the safety-related work practices required by this standard.
Supervisory Work Practice Inspection
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.2(D)(3)(3) Retraining
Retraining shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 3 years. 110.2(E) Training Documentation The documentation shall contain the content of the training, each employee’s...
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.3.(E) Electrical Safety Program
Procedures. An electrical safety program shall identify the procedures for working: • within the Limited Approach Boundary
(LAB) and • for working within the arc flash
boundary (AFB) • before work is started. Goal of separation of LAB and AFB makes work clearer.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.3.(G) Job Briefings
Additional job briefings shall be held if changes that might affect the safety of employees occur during the course of the work.
Toolbox Talk
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Record Keeping
• Training required min. every 3 years NFPA 70E 110.2(D). • Document that employees demonstrated skill proficiency
NFPA 70E 110.2(E).
• Dielectric test records of HV live-line tools OSHA 1910.269(j), rubber gear OSHA 1910.137(b), and insulated mobile equipment OSHA 1910.68(e)(3) .
• Some incident records required OSHA 300 Log.
• Annual supervisory safe work practice inspections NFPA 70E 110.2(D)(1)(f)
• Documented electrical safety program audit (not more than every 3 yrs.) & annual field audit. NFPA 70 E 110.4 (H)
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 110.4 Testing
Only qualified persons shall perform tasks such as testing, troubleshooting, voltage measuring, etc. within the LAB of energized electrical conductors or circuit parts operating at 50 volts or more or where an electrical hazard exists.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Work Involving Electrical Hazards 130.1 General
All requirements of this article shall apply whether an incident energy analysis is completed or if Table 130.7(C)(15)(a), Table 130.7(C)(15)(b) and Table 130.7(C)(16) are utilized in lieu of an incident energy analysis in accordance with 130.5 exception
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
What is the one thing you know when you pull a disconnect down?
You moved the handle.
Lockout/Tagout
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
Blades open
Exposed to Electrical Hazards Safety-Related Work Practices
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes ONE Hand Rule
• Wear proper PPE level.
• Stand out of the “line-of-fire.”
• Turn head away. • Take a deep breath & hold it.
• DO NOT reach across door.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.3.A.1 2009 edition Arc Flash Protection Boundary
The 4 foot boundary based on 100 Ka cycles has been DELETED! NEW AC and DC Tables will contain the fault current, clearing time and the prospective arc flash boundary's for the tasks! FINALLY!
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.4(D) Approach by Unqualified Persons.
Unless permitted by 130.4(D)(2), no unqualified person shall be permitted to approach nearer than the Limited Approach Boundary of energized conductors and circuit parts.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.5 Arc Flash Hazard Analysis
• 5 year review of facility Arc Flash Hazard Analysis still required
• Any changes to system require updating
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Table 130.5 Arc Flash Hazard Analysis
Informational Note No. 5: See IEEE 1584 for more information regarding arc flash hazards for three-phase systems rated less than 240 volts.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Required Labels
• Nominal System Voltage • Arc Flash boundary And one of the following: • Incident energy & working
distance • Min. Arc Rating of Clothing • Required PPE Level • Highest HRC for the Equipment Best Practice can include: • Equipment name/ID • Upstream device
NFPA 70E 130.5 (C)
Method of calculating and support data for labels shall be documented
Min 8 cal/cm² PPE 5.4 cal/cm²
5 feet
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes What Equipment Must be Labeled?
IF… “electrical equipment… is likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing or maintenance while energized, [it] shall be field marked with a label…” 130.5 (C)
• Switchboards • Panelboards • Industrial Control
Panels • Meter Socket
enclosures • Motor Control
Centers
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
NFPA 70E 130.5 (C)
Old Arc Flash Hazard Labels
“The labels below are acceptable if applied prior to September 30, 2011.”
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.6(H) Housekeeping duties
20
Housekeeping Duties. Employees shall not perform housekeeping duties inside the Limited Approach Boundary where there is a possibility of contact with energized electrical conductors or circuit parts, unless adequate safeguards (such as insulating equipment or barriers) are provided to prevent contact.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(A) Personal and Other Protective Equipment
Informational Note #2 It is the collective experience of the TC that normal operation of enclosed electrical equipment operating at 600 volts or less, properly installed and maintained by qualified persons is not likely to expose and employee to an electrical hazard.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C) Personal Protective Equipment
When an employee is working within the Restricted Approach Boundary, the worker shall wear personal protective equipment in accordance with 130.4 sections.
Prohibited
Restricted
Limited
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7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(10)(1) Heavy Duty leather gloves
“Heavy duty” leather gloves NEW DEFINITION throughout the standard min thickness 0.7mm. • Acceptable as Arc
Flash protection to 10 cal/cm²
• Rubber gloves with leather protectors for > 10 cal/cm²
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(10)(e) Foot Protection
Heavy duty leather work shoes shall be used in all exposures > 4 cal/cm2 • EH (Electrical Hazard)
shoes meeting ASTM F2413 can provide a secondary source of electric shock protection under dry conditions.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(15)(a) AC tables NEW FORMAT
The category headers will contain the following: • Available fault current & Clearing times • Working distances • Prospective Arc Flash Hazard boundary
distances
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7.C.9 2009 edition
600 volt class MCC’s will be broken up into sections to reflect the different available fault currents, clearing times and prospective arc flash hazard boundary’s.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes 130.7(C)(15)(b) DC tables - NEW
The category headers will contain the following: • Available fault current & Clearing time • Working distances • Prospective Arc Flash Hazard boundary distances • Tasks, Hazard/Risk Category's, Rubber insulating gloves
and Insulated tools will look like the AC tables.
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes Annex F Update on Risk Assessment
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes DC Arc Flash Calc Annex D
7 Electrical Safety Habits 7 Electrical Safety Habits
7 Electrical Safety Habits NFPA 70E
2012 Changes
Questions
Lee Hale [email protected] E-Hazard.com or ArcWear.com E-Hazard.com Monthly Newsletter