EKSTRAKSI ULTRASONIK

7/17/2019 EKSTRAKSI ULTRASONIK

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EKSTRAKSI ULTRASONIK

Makalah

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Tugas Farmakognosi – Fitokimia II

OLEH

Afri Yanti 1113102000081

Lisa Ibrahim 1113102000030

Fifi Nur Hia!ah N" 11131020000#8$us%a N&'aianti S" 1113102000028

Sabi(ah )isa *" S" 1113102000018

Yuni Rahmi 11131020000+2

,uha Yu(iana 111310200000#

KELAS -*

*&s.n $.n/aar Ismiarni K&ma(a"S4"$h""A%t

PROGRAM STUDI FARMASI

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN

UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA

MARET/2015



EKSTRAKSI ULTRASONIK

A" $.n/.rtian E5stra5si

Ekstaks! a"alah #$s%s #%&'a()!la& s%&*a+a k!(!a "a! s!(#l!s!a

(%&'',&aka& #%la,t $'a&!k- Ekstaks! (%(!l!k! )%)a'a! (a.a( #$s%", s%s,a!

"%&'a& s,()% ala( *a&' "!aka& "!),at %kstak "a& ka&",&'a& k!(!a&*a- P%(!l!ha&

(%t$"% %kstaks! "!s%s,a!ka& "%&'a& t,,a& "a! #%&'',&aa& ata, a#l!kas! %kstak

t%s%),t- %)%a#a t,,a& "a! %kstaks! a"alah s%)a'a! )%!k,t-

1- M%&'%tah,! ka&",&'a& )!$akt! ata, s%&*a+a "ala( s,()% ala( t%s%),t

2- M%&'%l$(#$kka& ka&",&'a& s%.aa st,kt,al

- I"%&t!!kas! (%ta)$l!t s%k,&"%

P$s%", Ekstaks!

1- P%&*!a#a& Sa(#%l• P%(!l!ha& 3 )%"asaka& )a'!a& ta&a(a&4 "a& "!#!l!h s%.aa a&"$(

• I"%&t!!kas!

2- P%&'%!&'a& )a'!a& ta&a(a& 3"a,&4 ),&'a4 !(#a&'4 "ll

- P%aa&'a& ata, %",ks! ,k,a& #at!k%l

6- P%&.a(#,a& )aha& "%&'a& #%la,t

P%(!l!ha& P%la,t

1- P%la,t P$la 7 a!4 %ta&$l4 (%ta&$l

2- P%la,t S%(!8P$la 7 Et!l As%tat4 D!kl$$(%ta&

- P%la,t N$&8P$la 7 N8H%ksa&4 P%t$l%,( Et%4 Kl$$$(J%&!s8J%&!s Ekstaks!

1- Mas%as!

2- P%(a&asa& "%&'a& a! (%&"!"!h

- S$kl%tas!

6- Ekstaks! Fl,!"a S,#% K!t!k

5- Ekstaks! "%&'a& )a&t,a& '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k

9- S,)l!(as!

:- D%st!las! Ua#

-" $.n/.rtian .t&. E5stra5si U(tras&ni5

Ekstaks! ,ltas$&!k 3s$&$k!(!a a"alah ($"!!kas! "a! (%t$"% (as%as!-

Esktak "!#$s%s (%&'',&aka& ,ltas$,&" 3'%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k )%%k,%&s!4 "%&'a&

'%taa& *a&' t!&''!4 *a!t, 20kH;- P!&s!# k%a !&! *a!t, "%&'a& (%&'a(at! s!at ak,st!k

'%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k *a&' "!a()atka& (%lal,! (%"!,( *a&' "!l%+at!- Saat '%l$()a&'

(%a()at4 (%"!,( *a&' "!l%+at! aka& (%&'ala(! '%taa&- M%"!,( #%a()ata& "%&'a&

.a!a& "!k%&al "%&'a& &a(a %kstaks! ultrasonic bath. G%taa& aka& (%()%!ka&



#%&'a",ka& !&t%&s! t%ha"a# #$s%s %kstaks!- P%&'a",ka& aka& (%&!&'katka& $s($s!s

a&taa )aha& "%&'a& #%la,t s%h!&''a aka& (%&!&'katka& #$s%s %kstaks!-

M%t$"% %kstaks! ,ltas$&!k ,'a "!k%&al "%&'a& s$&$k!(!a4 *a!t, #%(a&aata&

%%k '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k ,&t,k (%(#%&'a,h! #%,)aha&8#%,)aha& *a&' t%a"! #a"a

#$s%s k!(!a- K%,&t,&'a& ,ta(a %kstaks! '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k a&taa la!& %!s!%&s!

l%)!h )%sa4 +akt, $#%as! l%)!h s!&'kat4 "a& )!asa&*a la, #%#!&"aha& (asa l%)!h .%#at

!ka "!)a&"!&'ka& "%&'a& %kstaks! k$&<%&s!$&al (%&'',&aka& soxhlet 3Ga.!a "a&

=ast$4 2006-

Ekstaks! ultrasonic bath "%&'a& (%&'',&aka& '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k (%,#aka&

%kstaks! "%&'a& #%a()ata& %&%'! (%lal,! '%l$()a&' "%&'a& (%&'',&aka& .a!a&

s%)a'a! (%"!a #%a()ata& *a&' "a#at (%&!&'katka& !&t%&s!tas #%#!&"aha& %&%'!4

s%h!&''a #$s%s %kstaks! l%)!h (aks!(al "!)a&"!&'ka& (%t$"% %kstaks! k$&<%&s!$&al-G%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k (%&*%)a)ka& t%'a&'a& (%ka&!k s%h!&''a sa(#%l (%&a"!

#at!k%l "%&'a& ,a&'8,a&' *a&' k%.!l "a& '%l$()a&' !&! ,'a "a#at (%&!(),lka& %%k

ka<!as! 3"a#at (%(%.ah "!&"!&' s%l- Uk,a& #at!k%l "a& ,a&' *a&' k%.!l t%s%),t aka&

(%&!&'katka& k%la,ta& (%ta)$l!t "ala( #%la,t4 "a& %%k ka<!tas! aka& (%(,"ahka&

s%&*a+a k%l,a "a! "!&"!&' s%l-P$s%s %kstaks! *a&' %!s!%& ,'a )%'a&t,&' #a"a

%k,%&s! !&st,(%&4 s%#%t! #a&a&' '%l$()a&'4 +akt, "a& t%(#%at, "a! ,ltas$&!k-

G%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k t%)%&t,k "a! #%()a&'k!ta& ,ltas$& s%.aa l$kal "a!

ka<!tas! (!k$ #a"a s%k%l!l!&' )aha& *a&' aka& "!%kstaks!- P%(a&asa& #a"a )aha& *a&'

aka& "!%kstaks! t%a"! "a& akh!&*a (%l%#aska& s%&*a+a %kstak- Hal8hal *a&'

(%(#%&'a,h! k%(a(#,a& ,ltas$&!k ,&t,k (%&!(),lka& %%k ka<!tas! *a&'

"!a#l!kas!ka& #a"a #$",k #a&'a& a&taa la!& kaakt%!st!k ,ltas$&!k s%#%t!

%k,%&s!4 !&t%&s!tas4a(#l!t,"$4 "a*a4 kaakt%!st!k #$",k 3s%#%t! <!sk$s!tas4 t%'a&'a&

#%(,kaa& "a& k$&"!s! s%k!ta s%#%t! s,h, "a& t%ka&a& 3>!ll!a(s4 1?@-

M%&,,t #%&%l!t!a& *a&' "!la#$ka& $l%h E&%st* >!&&!% >!&ata 320154 s%(ak!&

la(a +akt, %ktaks! "%&'a& Ultas$&!k4 s%(ak!& t!&''! ka"a s%&*a+a 3a&t$s!a&!&- Hal

!&! t%a"! ka%&a s%(ak!& la(a +akt, %kstaks! (aka s%(ak!& la(a #,la )aha& aka&

t%#a#a $l%h '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k- T%#a#a&*a )aha& t%s%),t (%&*%)a)ka& ;at

t%la,t k%l,a "a! "!&"!&' s%l "a& (as,k k% "ala( #%la,t s%h!&''a %kstak *a&'

"!has!lka& s%(ak!& (%&!&'kat h!&''a t!t!k %&,h la,ta&-

Ultas$&!k )%s!at (,"ah "!a#l!kas!ka&- Fakt$ la!& )%#%&'a,h t%ha"a#

%kstaks! a"alah #$s%s )la&s!&'- U&t,k (%(!&!(al!s! h!la&'&*a s%&*a+a #a"a )aha&4

(aka s%)%l,( #$s%s %kstaks!4 "!lak,ka& )la&s!&' t%l%)!h "ah,l,- P$s%s )la&s!&'

)%t,,a& ,&t,k (%&'!&akt!<as! %&;!( *a&' a"a "!"ala( )aha&4 s%h!&''a #a"a saat

#$s%s %kstaks!4 k$(#$&%& "ala( )aha& "a#at "!#%taha&ka& ka%&a %&;!( t!"ak "a#at



(%,sak k$(#$&%& *a&' "!!&'!&ka& *a!t, s%&*a+a %&$l- T,,a& )la&s!&' *a&' la!&

a"alah ,&t,k (%&'$#t!(alka& #$s%s %kstaks!- Pa"a #%&%l!t!a& t%&ta&' %kstaks!

a&t$s!a&!& ,)! ala4 #$s%s )la&s!&' sa&'at )%#%&'a,h t%ha"a# kaakt%!st!k )aha&-

S%(ak!& la(a )la&s!&'4 %kstak *a&' "!has!lka& aka& s%(ak!& )a&*ak-

6" $rinsi% K.ra E5stra5si U(tras&ni5

P!&s!# k%a %kstaks! ,ltas$&!k *a!t, "%&'a& (%&'a(at! s!at ak,st!k

'%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k-K%t!ka ,ltas$&!k (%a()at "ala( s,at, .a!a& )%!s! )aha& *a&'

aka& "!%kstak4 '%taa& ,ltas$&!k )%k%.%#ata& t!&''! aka& (%&*%)a)ka& (%"!,( *a&'

"!l%+at! )%'%ta- G%taa& aka& (%()%!ka& #%&'a",ka& !&t%&s! t%ha"a# #$s%s

%kstaks!- P%&'a",ka& aka& (%&!&'katka& $s($s!s a&taa )aha& "%&'a& #%la,t s%h!&''a

aka& (%&!&'katka& #$s%s %kstaks!- S%la!& !t,4 '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k t%s%),t #,& aka&

(%&'has!lka& ka<!tas! '%l%(),&' "ala( )aha& #%la,t- K%t!ka '%l%(),&' !&! #%.ah "!

"%kat "!&"!&' s%l4 (aka '%l$()a&' k%,t *a&' "!has!lka& "a& .%#at&*a .a!a& )%'%ak

aka& (%&*%)a)ka& "!&"!&' s%l #%.ah- Ol%h ka%&a !t,4 !s! "a! s%l aka& k%l,a (%&,,

#%la,t-

T%"a#at %%k 'a&"a *a&' "!has!lka& "a! '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k *a!t, #%&'a.a,a&

"!&"!&' s%l s%h!&''a (%()%)aska& ka&",&'a& s%&*a+a *a&' a"a "! "ala(&*a "a&

#%(a&asa& l$kal #a"a .a!a& "a& (%&!&'katka& "!,s! %kstak- E&%'! k!&%t!k "!l%+atka&

k% s%l,,h )a'!a& .a!a&4 "!!k,t! "%&'a& (,&.,l&*a '%l%(),&' ka<!tas! #a"a "!&"!&'

ata, #%(,kaa& s%h!&''a (%&!&'katka& ta&s% (assa a&taa #%(,kaa& #a"at8.a!-

E%k (%ka&!k *a&' "!t!(),lka& a"alah (%&!&'katka& #%&%tas! "a! .a!a& (%&,,

"!&"!&' (%()a& s%l4 (%&",k,&' #%l%#asa& k$(#$&%& s%l4 "a& (%&!&'katka& ta&s%

(assa 3K%!l4 200:- L!, %t al- 320104 (%&*ataka& )ah+a ka<!tas! ,ltas$&!k

(%&'has!lka& "a*a #atah *a&' aka& (%(%.ah "!&"!&' s%l s%.aa (%ka&!s "a&

(%&!&'katka& ta&s% (at%!al-

M%&,,t ala.ha&"a& 320094 #%&'',&aa& ,ltas$&!k aka& (%&a!kka& ha'a

"!,s!!tas %%kt! #a"a #$s%s #%#!&"aha& (assa "!(a&a %%k !&! aka& (aks!(,( #a"a

+akt, *a&' s!&'kat- J! 32009 (%&*ataka& )ah+a '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k (a(#,

(%&!&'katka& "!,s! #%la,t "ala( s,at, ;at4 "!(a&a #%&'a,h '%l$()a&' ka<!tas! *a&'

"!has!lka& t!"ak ha&*a "!s%k!ta #at!k%l t%ta#! ,'a la&'s,&' k% t!t!k #,sat ;at t%s%),t-

S%(%&taa !t,4 Ga.!a 32006 (%la#$ka& )ah+a +akt, %kstaks! ,ltas$&!k l%)!h s!&'kat

"!)a&"!&'ka& "%&'a& %kstaks! s$hl%t ,&t,k (%&'has!lka& ,(lah %&"%(%& #$",k

*a&' sa(a #a"a #$s%s %kstaks! l%(ak "a! )!! t,(),ha&- S%la&,t&*a4 Ga.!a 3200

,'a (%&*ataka& )ah+a %kstaks! "%&'a& )a&t,a& ,ltas$&!k (%(!l!k! )a&*ak



k%,&'',la& "!)a&"!&'ka& "%&'a& %kstaks! k$&<%&s!$&al (%&'',&aka& s$hl%t

"!a&taa&*a (a(#, (%&a!kka& %&"%(%& #$",k- K%.%&"%,&'a& *a&' sa(a ,'a

"!la#$ka& $l%h #%&%l!t! la!&&*a- Ma 3200: (%lak,ka& %kstaks! h%s#%!"!& "a! #%&''a&

3citrus reticulata #%l "a& (%la#$ka& )ah+a #%&'',&aa& ,ltas$&!k "a#at

(%(#%s!&'kat +akt, %kstaks! "a& aka& (%&!&'katka& has!l %kstaks!-

S%(ak!& la(a +akt, %kstaks!4 s%(ak!& la(a #,la )aha& aka& t%#a#a $l%h

'%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k "a! ultrasonic sistem bath4 (%&'ak!)atka& #%.ah&*a "!&"!&' s%l

#a"a )aha& s%h!&''a (%&'%l,aka& ;at t%la,t 3 solute k% "ala( #%la,t 3 solvent -

S%(ak!& la(a +akt, %kstaks!4 k,a&t!tas )aha& *a&' t%%kstak ,'a aka& s%(ak!&

(%&!&'kat "!ka%&aka& k%s%(#ata& ,&t,k )%s%&t,ha& a&taa )aha& "%&'a& #%la,t

(ak!& )%sa s%h!&''a has!l&*a aka& )%ta()ah sa(#a! t!t!k %&,h la,ta& 3Ma&"al4 %t-al-4

200:- P%&a()aha& +akt, t!"ak (%()%!ka& k$&s%&tas! *a&' &*ata "%&'a& la(a

%kstaks! t%ha"a# #$s%s %kstaks! saat la,ta& (%&a"! %&,h-

*" Instrum.ntasi A(at U(tras&ni5

Ekstaks! (%&'',&aka& )a&t,a& '%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k "!lak,ka& "%&'a&

s$&$t$"% "a& ta&'k! %aks! ka.a- La#!sa& (a&t%l 'a&"a "a! %akt$ (%(,&'k!&ka&

k$&t$l s,h, %kstaks! "%&'a& s!st%( #%&"!&'!& *a&' (%(a&aatka& s!k,las! a!-

Ta&s",s% t%h,),&' k% ta&",k- T%"a#at #,la #%&',at 3booster - S$&$t$"%

"!t%&''%la(ka& k% t%&'ah .a!a&-

Ekstaks! ,ltas$&!k *a&' k$&t!&*, "!lak,ka& "%&'a& alat *a&' t%"!! "a! #$(#a

s!k,las!- Inlet *a&' )%!s! a! "a& )aha& *a&' aka& "!%kstak )%a"a "! "ala( '%las )%k%

)%sa- P!#a8#!#a (%()a+a al!a& "a! '%las )%k% )%!s! !&l%t k% #$(#a4 k%(,"!a& k%

ta),&' s$&!kas!"%&'a& al!a& *a&' (%&a!k- Ta),&' s$&!kas! kh,s,s "!#asa&' k%

s$&$t$"%- S%la&,t&*a4 al!a& k%l,a "a! ta),&' s$&!kas! (%&,, '%las )%k% outlet -



7ambar 1I&st,(%&tas! Ultas$&!k

S,()%7 htt#7//+++-("#!-.$(/16228009:/16//5:50/ht(

7ambar 2 P$(#a8#$(#a S!k,las! #a"a I&st,(%&tas! Ultas$&!k

S,()%7 htt#7//+++-("#!-.$(/16228009:/16//5:50/ht(

B!)as! *a&' "!k%l,aka& ta&s",s% )!asa&*a t%lal, %&"ah ,&t,k #%&'',&aa&

#akt!kal s%h!&''a "!),t,hka& #%()%saa& ata, #%&a()aha& k%k,ata& "a! '%aka&

t%s%),t- Hal !t, "a#at "!lak,ka& "%&'a& ta&",k4 *a&' (%,#aka& %l%(%& %s$&a&s!-

N$(al&*a4 ta&",k (%(#,&*a! s%t%&'ah "a! #a&a&' '%l$()a&'4 t%ta#! #a&a&'

'%l$()a&' t%s%),t "a#at "!ta()ah "%&'a& #%&,(#,ka&sat, ta&",k k% ta&",k la!&&*a

"a& )%'!t, s%t%,s&*a- Na(,&4 (%t$"% !&! aa&' "!',&aka&-

T%'a&'a& *a&' t%,s8(%&%,s #a"a stepped horn (%(),t,hka& #%a+ata& *a&'

)a!k ka%&a ta&"a 3mark #a"a nodal region aka& (%()%&t,k Ck%&a!ka& t%'a&'a&4 *a&'

(%&*%)a)ka& k%a,sa& (%tal #a"a high-magnificationhorn- aha& ,&t,k ta&",k ak,st!k

http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/3/5750/htm






(%(),t,hka& %&"ah&*a k%h!la&'a& ak,st!k4 )%s!at !&%t s%.aa k!(!a4 s!at "!&a(!k

*a&' t!&''! t%ha"a# k%a,sa& 4 s%ta %s!st%& t%ha"a# %$s! ak!)at ka<!tas!- Hal8hal

t%s%),t "a#at "!#%&,h! "%&'a& .a(#,a& t!ta&!,(4 al,(,&!,(4 #%,&'', al,(,&!,(4

"a& stainless steel - =a(#,a& t!ta&!,( (%,#aka& *a&' #al!&' ,&'',l "!)a&"!&'ka&

)aha& la!&&*a- =a(#,a& al,(,&!,( t%lal, l,&ak ,&t,k #%&*$$ta& .a!a&4 s%h!&''a

)%"a(#ak #a"a a(#l!t,"$ t%akh! )%k,a&' s%)a&*ak 04:5 "a& 045 "!)a&"!&'ka&

"%&'a& .a(#,a& t!ta&!,( "ala( hal (%()%!ka& k%k,ata& #a"a ta&s",s%-

Ta&",k *a&' "!),at "a! )aha& *a&' )%s!at "!&a(!k t%ha"a# k%a,sa& "a&

%s!st%& t%ha"a# %$s! ak!)at ka<!tas! aka& (%&a"! #a&as s%h!&''a t%a"! ta&s% #a&as

t%ha"a# %aks!-

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3Mas$&4 1??0

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=aa k%a (%t$"% ,ltas$&!k "ala( (%&'%kstaks! a"alah s%)a'a! )%!k,t-

1- Sa(#%l "!k,(#,lka& "a& "!lak,ka& s$tas! )asah "a& k%!&'- Sa(#%l k%(,"!a&

"!ha&.,ka&-

2- Sa(#%l "a& #%la,t "!.a(#,ka& k%(,"!a& "!(as,kka& k% "ala( ta&'k!-

- Lak,ka& %kstaks! ,ltas$&!k "%&'a& (%&*alaka& ,ltas$&!k '%&%at$ "a& k$&"%&s$

6- Ekstak "!"a#at



G%l$()a&' ,ltas$&!k t%)%&t,k "a! #%()a&'k!ta& ,ltas$& s%.aa l$kal "a!

ka<!tas! (!k$ #a"a s%k%l!l!&' )aha& *a&' aka& "!%kstaks!- P%(a&asa& #a"a )aha& *a&'

aka& "!%kstaks! t%a"! "a& akh!&*a (%l%#aska& s%&*a+a %kstak-

T%"a#at %%k 'a&"a *a&' "!has!lka&4 *a!t, #%&'a.a,a& "!&"!&' s%l s%h!&''a

(%()%)aska& ka&",&'a& s%&*a+a *a&' a"a "! "ala(&*a "a& #%(a&asa& l$kal #a"a

.a!a& "a& (%&!&'katka& "!,s! %kstak- E&%'! k!&%t!k "!l%+atka& k% s%l,,h )a'!a&

.a!a&4 "!!k,t! "%&'a& (,&.,l&*a '%l%(),&' ka<!tas! #a"a "!&"!&' ata, #%(,kaa&

s%h!&''a (%&!&'katka& ta&s% (assa a&taa #%(,kaa& #a"at8.a!- E%k (%ka&!k *a&'

"!t!(),lka& a"alah (%&!&'katka& #%&%tas! "a! .a!a& (%&,, "!&"!&' (%()a& s%l4

(%&",k,&' #%l%#asa& k$(#$&%& s%l4 "a& (%&!&'katka& ta&s% (assa 3K%!l4 200:-

L!, %t al- 320104 (%&*ataka& )ah+a ka<!tas! ,ltas$&!k (%&'has!lka& "a*a #atah *a&'

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• Da*a ta&s",s%7 1 sa(#a! "%&'a& 5 >/.(2-

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7ambar : Direct $leening "ath %ltrasonic

S,()%7 T- J- Mas$&4 "kk 31??:

2. Summersible Transducer Ultrasonic

&ubmersible transducer ultrasonic a"alah salah sat, %&!s ,ltas$&!k

cleaning bath "%&'a& ta&s",s% *a&' t%.%l,# "! "ala( s!st%(- Alat !&! "!',&aka&

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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14035750



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