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What Is Effective Classroom Teaching?
Kevin M. JohnstonMSU TA Programs
[email protected]://tap.msu.edu
Today’s Presentation Goals
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• Introduce Multiple Principles• Prompt Thinking About Class Organization• Provide Guidelines for Presentations and Discussion
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What Questions Do You Have Right Now?
TA Seminar Binder – Section II (pgs. 35 – 75)
MSU TA Sections II - IV
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Is the “old” way of teaching the best way?–Teaching and Learning Research
–Teacher (Presenter) - centered vs. Audience (Student)- centered Approaches
–Multiple Principles of Instruction
There is NO ONE CORRECT Teaching Style
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Principles of Powerful Instruction
Steve Yelon, (1996) MSU Professor Emeritus Meaningfulness, Prerequisites
Open Communication Organized, Essential Ideas Learning Aids Novelty Active Practice Safe Spaces/Encouraging
Places Consistency
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Professor Yelon’s Presentation Principles
Involve (To the Extent You Can)
Review/Summarize Explain Demonstrate Question Share Feedback
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The ART of Presenting art \ärt\ noun: skill acquired
by experience, study, and observation
Set attainable goals – ORGANIZATION
Use the best format/materials to meet those goals - IMPLEMENTATION
Assess your progress regularly – SUMMARY and EVALUATION
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Setting Presentational Goals
What is your point?Why is it important?What should your audience know?
There Is NO ONE Instructional Format that is Best for All Course Objectives
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Key Principles of Good Presenting
CLEARLY IDENTIFIED OBJECTIVES : Identify Key Points First!
SENSITIVITY and ADAPTABILITY: Show interest, listen, be open to change
PERIODIC SUMMARY: What have we just covered? Why was it important?
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The Three “Knows” of Presenting Effectively
Know your SubjectKnow your AudienceKnow the Context in which
you’re presenting
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Knowing Your SUBJECT Content (Is it enough?) Content Organization (Is it
Clear Enough?) Content Understanding (How
Do You Know THEY know enough?)
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Knowing Your Audience Does AUDIENCE Matter, Really? How Can We Know Them?
- Why are they there?- Why are you there?
Is Audience “Preparation” Possible?
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Know the Context
WHERE Are You Presenting? WHAT Are You Presenting? HOW & With or FOR Whom Are
You Presenting?
How Do Different Contexts Shape Your Presentation Goals? Strategies?
Approach?
What Great Teachers DO!
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Ken Bain - 2004
• They are accomplished researchers• Their teaching is serious scholarship• They have high expectations• Create “Natural Critical Learning Environments”• They trust their students and are open with them.• Employ systematic and varied evaluation
Teaching Matters…Students Can Learn
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Possible Presentation “Stages”
Introduction – including connections to other material
Material Body – 15-minute segments Periodic Summary – after each 15-
minute segment Conclusion – End with a bang,
reconnect to main points ,connect to upcoming materials,
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What About Other “Basics?”
Clothes? Body Language? Establishing Rapport?
(Pre -presentation, During, Post - presentation)
What About Using Technology? When?
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Present Like You Mean It !
Prepare and Practice – But Be Willing To Let Learning Happen
Share Your Passion – And Recognize the “Light Bulb” When it Goes Off.
Enjoy the “Space” that Good Presenting and Good Teaching Creates for You and Your Students.
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Stimulating Effective Classroom Discussion
Start out strong Allow time It’s not about you Develop and implement ideas Set goals and meet expectations
Chris Womack - JMU
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Taking Risks in the Classroom
What’s RISKY? For you? For the class? A little PAIN is a good thing (?). (Or
not?) The First Day of class is a fine place To
start (but…) SPACE can happen (If you let it).
Chickering and Gamson (1987)
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• Encourages Student-Faculty Contact• Encourages Cooperation Among Students• Encourages Active Listening• Provides Prompt Feedback• Emphasizes Time on Task• Communicates High Expectations• Respects Diverse Talents and Ways of Learning
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What’s Next?
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Powerful Principles of Instruction
- Yelon 1996 Meaningfulness/Prerequisites (Context) Open Communication (Relationship) Organized, Essential Ideas (Main Points) Learning Aids (Technology) Active Practice (Work with Information) Safe Spaces/Encouraging Places (Comfort) Consistency (Dependability)
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First – Order Principles- Robert Boice, Ph.D.
(1996) Set a good classroom
environment/Avoid negative thinking Wait/Have Patience/Stop Begin before feeling ready Surrender commitment to content
coverage Welcome change Let Others do some of the work
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What do these 2 Lists Share? Environmental Concerns Preparation Concerns Pacing Concerns Relational Concerns Content Concerns
Classroom Management Concerns: Creating “Workable” Space
http://tap.msu.edu/PDF/TT2009.pdf
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Who Do You Want To Be Professionally?
http://tap.msu.edu/faseb2008/teachingphilosophydevelopment /