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International Journal for Light and Electron Optics Aims & ScopeThis international journal publishes articles on all subjects related to lightand electron optics and offers a survey on the state of research and technicaldevelopment within following fi elds:Optics:• Optics design, geometrical and beam optics, wave optics• Optical and micro-optical components, diffractive optics, devices and systems• Photoelectric and optoelectronic devices• Optical properties of materials, nonlinear optics, wave propagation and
transmission in homogeneous and inhomogeneous materials• Information optics, image formation and processing, holographic techniques,
microscopes and spectrometer techniques, and image analysis• Optical testing and measuring techniques• Optical communication and computing• Physiological optics• As well as other related topics.
Electron optics:• All methods strongly related to light optics, e.g. geometrical electron
optics, imaging theories and methods, GRIN optics, geometrical aberration• Instrumentation and equipments for guiding, focusing and imaging of
charged particles, spectrometers and beam lithography• Image reconstruction and analysis, holographic methodsIt publishes original papers and short notes on theoretical and experimental researchin English. OPTIK addresses itself especially to scientific and technical working specialists in this field.At the same time it is the official organ of the German Society for AppliedOptics (DGaO), and in affiliation with the European Optical Society (EOS).
EditorProf. Dr. Theo TSCHUDIInstitute of Applied Physics, Darmstadt University of Technology,Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Phone: ++49(0)61 51/16 20 22,Fax: ++49(0)61 51/16 41 23 E-mail: [email protected]
Publisher: Elsevier GmbH,Hackerbrücke 6, 80335 München, Germany;Phone: +49 (0)89 53830, Fax: +49 (0)89 5383939,e-mail: [email protected]
Advertisement department:Elsevier GmbH, Hackerbrücke 6,80335 München, Germany; Phone: +49 (0)89 5383603,e-mail: [email protected]
Advertising rates: The price list from January 1, 2010 is effective at present.
Terms of delivery (2013): Volume 124 (1 volumeconsisting of 24 issues)
Subscription rate* (2010):Region Institutional* Single issue*Europe EUR 2.766 EUR 138
Japan YEN 366.900 YEN 18.300
USA/Rest of the world USD 2.922 USD 146
*All prices are suggested list prices and may be subject tochange without notice. Prices include postage by surface mail and exclude VAT. VAT is effective according to international tax regulations as valid on the day of invoicing. Special airmailrates are available on request. Customers in EU countries arerequested to state their VAT identifi cation number if applicable.Subscription orders at a personal rate must be addresseddirectly to the publisher and must include the recipient’s name and residential address. An institutional or business address is only acceptable, if the institute or company has a subscription as well. Payment of personal subscribers has to be made by personal cheque or by credit card (Eurocard/Mastercard, VISA or American Express; please note card-No. and expiry date). Reduced membership rates are available on request. Please contact our publishing house.The publisher reserves the right to issue additional volumes during the course of the year.Supplements and/or cumulative indexes are included in the subscription rates.
Termination of subscriptions: Subscriptions not enteredspecifi cally for one year only will be renewed automatically unless cancelled by October 31.
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Copyright: Please refer to the Copyright Notice in this issue.
Typesetting: Thomson Digital, Noida Special Economic Zone,Noida 201305, India
Printing and binding: Printforce, Anthonie vanLeeuwenhoekweg 56a, Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands
� The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper).
For detailed journal information see our home page:http://www.elevier.com/locate/ijleo
International Journal for Light and Electron Optics
Authors can send their manuscript to the Editor either by post or bye-mail: Professor Theo Tschudi, Technische Universität DarmstadtViktoriastrasse 50A, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
Fax: +49-6151-24857E-mail: [email protected]
All manuscripts should contain: Manuscripts should be submitted in English, and the presentation should be as succinct as comprehension will permit. Manuscripts are reviewed and refereed. Those accepted for publication are edited for conformance to the journal’s style. Metric units should be used unless to do so is not feasible or would result in a serious loss of clarity.
The following fi le formats are accepted:• Text: Microsoft Word, LaTeX/REVTeX
(Note: author toolkits for Microsoft Word and LaTeX/REVTeX areavailable in internet)
• Figures: TIFF, PostScript, EPS (minimum 300 dpi resolution).See additional requirements below.
Submissions should contain PDF fi le including all fi gures and tables.
Manuscripts must contain the following:• Title page listing the paper title; the name(s) of the author(s); and
the affi liation, complete mailing address, phone number, fax number,and Email address.
• List sponsorship information in an acknowledgment section at the endof the paper.
• Abstract (200 words maximum) should be a summary of the paper andnot an introduction. Because the abstract may be used in abstractingjournals, it should be self-contained (i.e., no numerical references)and substantive in nature, presenting concisely the objectives,methodology used, results obtained, and their signifi cance.
• Subject terms or keywords are required, maximum of eight. Key words referring to the special contents of the publication, and not to its methods. The editor retains the right to change the Key words.
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the image.• Submit ALL illustrations for each article, including line art.• Each fi gure fi le should contain all parts of the fi gure. For example,
if Figure 1 contains three parts (a, b, c), then all of the labelledparts should be combined in a single fi le for Figure 1. 8 pt labels arepreferable. Arrange the three parts vertically.
• Check fi les for extraneous information. Edit out any fi gure captions ore-mail headers. The only data in the fi le should be the fi gure itself.
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• Submit color fi les at 300 dpi TIFF, PS, or EPS format. If selecting afi le mode, use CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) or RGB (Red,Green, Blue).
• If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colourfi gures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge that thesefi gures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and othersites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproducedon colour in the printed version.
• For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instructionpages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions
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Tables should be prepared so that they can be printed in one column orfull page width (see above). Tables should bear consecutive numbers.Please add headings immediately above the tables.
Literature references should appear in the text as consecutive numbers between angular brackets, e.g. [3], they should be listed in full at theend of the article.
Formats for citations[1] C.S. Lin, Y.L. Lay, C.C. Huan, H.C. Chang, T.S. Hwang, An imagebasedLCD positioning system utilizing the modifi ed FHT method,Optik 114 (2003) 151–160.[2] M. Gu, Advanced optical imaging theory, Springer, Heidelberg, 2000.[3] G.R. Meredit, Prospect of New Nonlinear Organic Materials, inC. Flytzanis, J.L. Oudar (Eds.), Material and Devices, Springer Verlag,Berlin, 1986, pp. 116–127.
In order to facilitate speedy and correct publication, please send us thefi nal form of your manuscript, carefully typed and ready for printing.Only printer’s errors may be corrected in the proofs.
Later alterations would have to be published at the end of the articleunder the heading “Postscript at proof stage”. Please take special carewith the writing of formulae. There should be clear distinctions between0 (zero) and o, O (letter o); between 1 (fi gure one), I (absolute value stroke), and l (letter l); also between n and u, and small k and capital K. Please indicate clearly the positional height of all symbols so that powers and indices can be recognized correctly.All formula symbols will be set in sloping type (italics), except for those denoting functions (sin, exp. etc), or units (cm, J. etc.), and abbreviations (max., etc). Any further exceptions should be marked in the text. Vectorswill always be set in half bold type instead of arrows above them.
OffprintsThe corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF fi leof the article via e-mail. The PDF fi le is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal coverimage and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.Additional offprints may be ordered when proofs are returned.
Originality and plagiarismThe authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others, that this has been appropriately cited or quoted. Plagiarism takes many forms, from ‘passing off’ another’s paper as the author’s own paper, to copying or paraphrasing substantial parts of another’s paper (without attribution), to claiming results from research conducted by others. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
Funding body agreements and policiesElsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allowauthors who publish in Elsevier journals to comply with potentialmanuscript archiving requirements as specifi ed as conditions of theirgrant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policiesplease visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.
Instructions to authors
Editorial BoardProf. Dr. Hartmut BarteltAlbert-Einstein-Strasse 907745 Jena, Germany
Prof. Dr. Eusebio BernabeuCiudad Universitaria, S/NE-28040 Madrid, Spain
Prof. Dr. Shanti BhattacharyaChennai 600036, India
Prof. Dr. Siegfried BoseckPostfach 33 04 4028334 Bremen, Germany
Prof. Pankaj Kr. Choudhury 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Prof. Dr. M.J. DamzenImperial College LondonLondon SW7 2BZ, UK
Prof. Dr. François FloryDomaine de St. JérômeF - 13397 Marseille Cedex 20
Prof. Ari T. FribergElectrum 229SE - 164-40 Kista, Sweden
Prof. Dr. Min GuPO Box 218 HawthornVictoria 3122, Australia
Prof. Dr. Yoshiki IchiokaKamokogahara 1-4-15-131,Higashinada-kuKobe, 658-0064 Japan
Prof. Dr. Guy IndebetouwVirginia Tech, BlacksburgVirginia 24061-0435, USA
Prof. Dr. Henryk KasprzakWyberzeze Wyspianskiego 2750-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Prof. Dr. Helmut KohlWilhelm Klemm Strasse 1048149 Münster, Germany
Prof. Dr. Akhlesh Lakhtakia212 Earth-Engineering ScienceUniversity Park, PA 16802-6812, USA
Prof. Dr. Baida LüSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064, P.R.China
Dr. Kaoru Minoshima1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
Prof. Dr. Sergej Odoulov46 Science Avenue 252650 Kiev-22, Ukraine
Prof. Dr. John T. SheridanUniversity College Dublin 4, Ireland
Dr. Serguej StepanovKm. 107 carr. Tijuana-Ensenada,Ensenada, 22860, Mexico
Prof. Dr. Jari TurunenYliopistokatut, P.O.B. 111FIN – 80101 Joensuu, Finnland
Prof. Dr. Frantisek UherekJlkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Dr. Lingli WangCTO Jos. Schneider Optische Werke GMBH,Ringstr. 132, 55543 Bad Kreuznach, Germany
Prof.Dr.Chunming ZhangXi’an 710049, China