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Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito Akiyama – Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc., TC46 Vice Chair Ecma General Assembly – Budapest – 16 th June, 2009

Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

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Page 1: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Ecma/TC46/2009/063Ecma/GA/2009/091

Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS)

Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair

Fumihito Akiyama – Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc., TC46 Vice Chair

Ecma General Assembly – Budapest – 16th June, 2009

Page 2: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

•Industry TrendsIndustry Trends

•TC46 Objectives TC46 Objectives

•TC46 AccomplishmentsTC46 Accomplishments

•Overview of OpenXPSOverview of OpenXPS

Agenda

Page 3: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Increasingly complex documents• Documents are assembled from multiple applications

• Digital colour components rely on multi-vendor system-wide colour fidelity

• Blended overlaid content layers (transparency / alpha blending)

Print related costs are significant for Fortune 500• Benefit from an efficient bridge between electronic form and paper – a

simple enough to validate, complete enough as both an electronic record and paper

Peripherals becoming more intelligent• Participate on networks without a host

• Hardware costs drive the need for an efficient print format

Increasing use of 3D in displays, printing, document exchange

• Standardized 3D object format is available to be included in electronic paper format

Industry Trends

Page 4: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Document Life Cycle

Authoring

Distribution

Either or both

Writing&

EditingArchiving

Approvals

Output&

Distribution

Review&

Comments

Concept&

Design

The distinct needs of the authoring & distribution stages

Page 5: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Document Life Cycle Requirements

Authoring document formats• Information content is the primary value

• Full editability and round-trip capability must be retained

• Document format intimately tied to document usage to maximise retention of semantics

• Often advantageous to allow re-flow for reading devices with different form factors, e.g., computer screens, mobile devices and printed output

Distribution document formats• Information content and appearance are both valuable

• Appearance must often be guaranteed between screen and printed views

• Confidence in fidelity and trustworthiness is more important than editability

• Document format not tied to semantics, allowing broader application in more use cases

• Format should be self-contained

Page 6: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Using XML for file formats …

Simplifies low-level file creation and reading• A wide variety of tool-sets are available• Increases choice of applications because of lower cost of entry for

vendors

Increases robustness• Schema validation allows more frequent and more complete testing of

created files• Allows easy diagnosis of faults in document workflows• Schema validation can be enhanced by grammar-specific test tools

Enables cross-application functionality• XML is now widely used in information transfer• XSL-T (and other tools) can be used to translate between different

grammars• Data can therefore be extracted or inserted into XML documents

Standardising XML grammars moves innovation to user-visible issues

• Differentiation no longer focused on file format handling, but on real user benefits in application functionality

Page 7: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

TC46 Objectives

Program of work addressing the industry trends:1. Produce a standard for an XML-based electronic paper format and XML-

based page description language based on existing implementations of the format called the XML Paper Specification, including:

• Produce a fully documented and unambiguous standard for an XML-based electronic paper format and page description language

• Produce appropriate W3C XML Schemas to enable automatic verification of files written to the standard

2. Assume responsibility for the ongoing maintenance and evolution of the OpenXPS Ecma International Standard

3. Develop standards while keeping compatibility with applications, devices, tools and platforms implementations based on prior XML Paper Specifications in mind

4. Evaluate and consider proposals for complementary or related additional technologies

5. Establish and maintain liaisons with other Ecma TCs and with other Standards Setting Organizations (SSOs) as appropriate to facilitate and promulgate the work of the TC

6. Evaluate and consider contributing the Ecma standard to an ISO and/or IEC TC for approval and adoption

Page 8: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

TC46 Terms of Reference

Scope:

• The goal of the Technical Committee is to produce a formal standard for an XML-based electronic paper format and XML-based page description language which is consistent with existing implementations of the format called the XML Paper Specification (XPS)

• The Technical Committee will use the format called the XML Paper Specification (XPS) as a starting point with the aim to provide a standard, secure, and highly trustworthy format that enables a wide set of applications, devices, tools and platforms to implement compatible paginated-document workflows

• An additional goal will be to enable the interoperability of independently created software and hardware systems that produce, consume or otherwise process OpenXPS content

• The Technical Committee will be responsible for the ongoing maintenance and evolution of the standard

Page 9: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Martin Bailey – Global Graphics, TC46 Chair June 2007 – March 2009

Takashi Hashizume – Fuji Xerox, TC46 Vice Chair June 2007 – March 2009

TC46 OpenXPS Contributors

Autodesk, Inc

Brother Industries, Ltd

Canon, Inc

Ecma International

Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd

Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd.

Global Graphics Software Ltd

Hewlett Packard Company

Konica Minolta Business Technologies

Lexmark International, Inc

Microsoft Corporation

Monotype Imaging

Océ Technologies B.V.

Pagemark Technology, Inc.

Panasonic Communications

QualityLogic, Inc

Ricoh Company, Ltd

Software Imaging Ltd

Toshiba TEC Corporation

Xerox Corporation

Zoran Corporation

Page 10: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

TC46 Accomplishments

Open development process with feedback channel, published drafts, and liaisons

Remain consistent with the Scope and Terms of Reference of TC46 (tc46-2007-015.ppt)

Liaison relationships• ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29, SC28, SC34• Ecma TC45• ISO TC130, TC171• International Color Consortium (ICC)• ITU-T Study Group 16

Work process statistics• 24 months• >450 pages• 21 contributing companies• ~30 meetings of TC46 and ad hoc subcommittees, 8 of those face-to-face• 231 total issues addressed, 180 of those technical• ~130 committee documents• ~300MB email

Published the Ecma JFIF Technical Report as TC46/2009/044

Page 11: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

0

50

100

150

200

250

ECMA TC46 I ssue TrackingTotal issuesOpenClosed

Page 12: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Overview of OpenXPS

A standard for a document & print-stream format

Bridges electronic and physical paper

Addresses scanning, sharing, publication, printing & archiving phases of document lifecycle

Accurately represents the physical page

• Content doesn’t change

• Layout is fixed

• Format contains all resources

Trustworthy by design

Simple implementation

Platform independent

Page 13: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

OpenXPS Addresses Industry Trends

Trend Key OpenXPS Features

Increasingly complex documents assembled from diverse applications

Complete graphics model, defined colour, clarified for consistent rendering

Increasing financial and environmental costs of unmanaged printing

Bridge between physical and electronic paper supports workflows that use streaming

More intelligent document peripherals are moving to become 1st class citizens in a document workflow

A format that enables rich document handling efficiently without requiring programmatic resources

Increasing use of 3D models and 3D prototyping, expanding the need for an electronic format to physical output bridge from 2D to 3D

Optional extension for 3D content uses X3D Specification Web3D, streamable and XML based, conforming to the X3D “Interoperability” conformance level: ISO/IEC FCD 19775-1r1:200x, ISO/IEC 19776-1:2005, or ISO/IEC 19776-3:2007

Page 14: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

OpenXPS is based on a number of other standard (de facto or de jure) technologies:

Open Packaging Conventions & Markup Compatibility (ECMA-376)• ZIP (Physical Package as defined in OPC)

• Simplifies aggregation of XML and binary content

OpenType and Unicode• Open Font Format (ISO/IEC 14496-22:2007)• The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 • Unicode Character Database, Revision 4.0.0

International Color Consortium (ICC) colour profiles• Colour transform data format, ICC.1:2001-04, ISO 15076-1

Standardized colour encodings • IEC 61966-2-1, IEC 61966-2-2

TIFF, PNG, JPEG• Widely used image formats, supporting a variety of colour spaces,

bit depths and compression algorithms (lossless and lossy)

JPEG XR• Standardized in ITU-T Rec. T.832 and ISO/IEC 29199-2

OpenXPS is Based on Standards

Page 15: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

OpenXPS Implementation Benefits

Defined for trustworthy document communication and high fidelity reproduction

• Validation against defined XML schema (no DTD)• Non-programmatic • No subsetting (one format, not a family of formats with different requirements

subsets (‘profiles’))• Feature set limited to electronic paper (2D and 3D)• Rely on pre-existing standards and broadly-based specifications

• Developers can utilize hardened codec

Workflow interoperability support• Clear delineation of producer and consumer responsibilities• Enables both streaming and random access

Widely used image formats, supporting a variety of defined colour spaces, bit depths and compression algorithms (lossless and lossy)

Intentionally IP royalty free, “OpenXPS” trademarked by Ecma

Easy progression from existing XPS implementations• XPS and OpenXPS content can be easily distinguished• Existing XPS consuming implementations can be updated to support OpenXPS

content with only minor modifications

Page 16: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

Minimal Incremental Development Tool Costs

OpenXPS use of standard components enables use of a broad range of existing tools, including open source:•XML

•ZIP

•OpenType/Open Font Format fonts

•ICC colour management

•TIFF, PNG, JPEG

Tools written chiefly in C, C++ and/or Java

•Minimal cross-platform portability issues

Tools for OPC rapidly emerging

•Developers supporting ECMA-376

Page 17: Ecma/TC46/2009/063 Ecma/GA/2009/091 Ecma TC46 – Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) Ann McCarthy – Lexmark International, Inc., TC46 Chair Fumihito

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