Eeorpan, 2004.113J~aBa{JCBET KJ-bUrE

Beorpan

APAfYTHH AHACTACMJEBHll.EOllL~lliaBEKOB¥I

5

Pacnpasy Jec)lf!to eusauiiuucs:« l(aplll(a CpllKl!fba llOarYTJ1HAHaC1'a~Jue_Blth JC ofijnauo y 6corpa)J,cKoM .. 6P(lCl'HY xXX'. r9J9.rOAlIHe./ffalL yp./

(K(;HHPdO

TEOB,OP dHdrHOCT

• •nOKp1Il1'aBaHC npc aeu-ran,a ca CBOjln{ u;apCKO-BH3aHl'l'I) -

•IIOJIlIT~IKe H)')KAe II pa tI)'Hll jour uspaaa HaTepHBaJIB•• •no] e;U:HHe BH3aHTHjCKe caxoupnme na crrycre cno J

~apCKo-pHMCKH H rp-rxa IIOHOC, Ii Aa nOHeK)' CTPaHY• •npamtcsy HatIBHCCBOJOM )l(CHO~1H BH3aHTHJCKO~1 napa-

• •

nOM a TaKO BCTO II na no KOJY BH3aHTHjCKY rrpHHQe3Yynajy sa no xora aaocrpaaor snanaoua. IIpH TOMecy,pasysre ce, npHH~c3C ca ucxpurrcaax nsopona 6HBaJIe

•npcaa 1'OMC xao uenocrojue na ca 'fIlM ffiHXOBm1 ABOPOM

crynajy rryrea 6paKa Y cpomnrtxc BC3C. TIa anax cy

H3aHTHHl~H cy, xao HaCJlC~HH~H craporPnucxor napcrna B crape rpxxo-puacxe

•n;HBHJI.H3aqR]e, IIxao rnamm H3rpa}lHTeJbHxpamhaacxe upxne II npocnere, OAYBeK rnenana CBHCHHe aa lvJJIa~eCPCJ(lhOBCKOBHCaapone, na cy ax xax,Iinonrro cy OBn jenan no jenan YIDJIHY xpHIII5aHcKY sepyH KYJITYPY, cxarpana sa nenornyno o6pa30BaH H saHH)I(H, napsapcxa CBCT.Taxohc cy OHR H ,I\BOpOBe 1'HXnapona patIYHaJIII xao CaCBITM aepannoponne C EbHXOBlI~{BaCeJbeHCKHM napCKO-PID1CKHM }:{BOpOJ\1 YIlaparpany, H

JE,UI1HA B113AHTl1JCKA QAPI1QACP ITKI1Fh A')

•

76

2 M.. Ilacxapuc, Bll.~alll7il(ICh·~JfipcI/f1{eJe )' cpeouoeexoeuoi Cptiuin,Ecorpan, IY2o.I <1>. W~IJUl1h,JJeluoiilJC itoiia Ilytouinuna. Bcorpan. I Y2X.CTP, 357.

•

•HCHCPHHX oC~laHnHJCKfJX CYJ1Talla.

OTKaKO cy no 11aAY 6yrapcKor napcrsa nonBII3aHTlljy, CTaJIH aa BaJIKaHY AI'I3aTH rnasy Cptiu, rojeer on Xl BCKa na HaOBa1fO, BII3aHTIIjCKlT je JlBOp CKJIO­TIRO M ca cpeAH)OBeKOBHll~1 CpIICKI1~1 ABOpoBH~la

I1pHJI~Ia}[ 6poj rrOJlllTWIKnX 6paKOB3. Ho, nourro jeHH)l(HM cpnCKIDvI ABOpOB1I11a OlIJIO KYA~[Ka~'10 smne

•crane na cc oponc C BMWJIIM nH3aHTIIJCKII~t ABOpO~1,RerOJIH 06pa'l'HO, yrJIaBHO~1 cy TO CBe cajro >KeHH~6e

•cpnCKHX nnananaua BH3aHTHjCKla1 npaaueaaaa, a He 11

y,[{a~6e cpncxax upuuuesa sa BH3aHTHjcKe uapese. Taxo,sa IJPH~'1ep,aKO je aeposarn Ilyxrsauauy, I sch CC 3CTCKH

span, MHXaHJIO BojHCJIaBJI>eBlIh Y npyroj TlOJlOBHHH Xlsexa O)l(eHHO, Ii TO Y npyroa 6paKY, jCJlHO~1 pobaKoM

•nexor ranarmser HeHMeHOBaHor B1l3aH'fMJcKor axmcpa-'fopa. 3arrHM HeMa BHIue HRKaKDHX npyrnx )l(eHII~a6a3e'['CKl1Xananapa BH3aH111jCKH~'1npannesaaa. Yocranon,3C'1'CKY CPIICKY AP)l(aBY, xojy je 61ilo CTBOPlfO CTe¢aH

BojJICnaB ycrarrxov npornn Bmatrrrrje, a xoja je nonxpan.exr Muxaunou H J:bCrOHH~1 Cl1HO!v1, KpaJbCMEOAIIH<')~f, yjeAHHBJIa fOrfOBO CDe cpncxe 3C~1Jbe.OCBO­jlfnl1 C)' )1 XII BeKY nonono B113aHT11H~JiI, can nOABO~CTBOtvf cBOjHX Cl1JlHl1X uapena KO~1H11Ha.AJlI1, ()1'KaKO

je no cnpra Maaojna 1 KO~lHHHa (1180) Henan-aKOHalJHO ocnotionao Cp6e JICnOA BII3aHTIljcKe BJlaC1'H,snanaona 113HOBeRe~lathI1hKe Il03e, a sa H.,VIt\flc.lH fbHXOI3H

HaCJIC}.(HII~lI no pacnany ,[(YUlalIOBaI~aI)Cl~Ba, {ICCrrOY3H­

~lajy BII3aHTl1jcKe npaauese aa )I(eHC.Ben 11ca~1Heuaa,aje O>KeHHO csor CHHa H HacneAIDIKa Crerpasa npaauesouEBAOKHjO~1 113ranaunsc snsanrujcxe uapcxe nanacrnjeAHreJIa. A roxe npaaepy cnenyjy rrocnc H APYfI1 cpncxaananapu, CBe AObyplja BpaITKOBHlia, xojn je yseo JepHHY113noxra KaHTaKY3Jllia, H AO rscrosa CHHa Jlasapa, KOjH ceO)f(eHlIO Jeneaou naJIeOnOrOBO~·1.2

CKR~1BepeHHKoM. A rrpenas if B(f'3aH'rllj~Ko npasocnasrse33X'1'CBaO CC J-\0K fOA jc Bnaatrrnja axrana nonoxajcsercxe BCJIeCl1nC, 11 O~ crpaanx nnanapa, J(a 61! 6AIIIJnpwJ\'fJbCHH sa 3eTORe nmanrnjcxor nnopa. TeK Y IIOCJICA­l-b11~I cronchaxa cpcnn.cra nexa. KaJ{ je BH3aHTIIjy6aUi'IJla y 3aCCHaK ocsranmrjcxa nenecnna. no-rena cy

•B~[3aHTHJcKM HMTICpaTOpl1, xao II npyrn TaJ{aUIlhHXPlllIIFtaJICKJil nnanapn 6aJIKaHCKII~ Gl1n() 113pa llYHe:l finnoH3 HY>KAe,cnarn caoje xhepu Ii Y xapeue aexpurrcaax I-I

('/'11 KJ.1Ib/1 - B113A1ITJ1Je'KA IJAPI1 UAJl" Anacracujcanh

•

98

(; JY>KHtl Cp6Jfja - y aY"opOBO speve UaJIlB sa nauuunsy PenyfinnxyMaKcAoH U1Y./ itall.)'p./

Llapttipao (zpoaypa)(L. Brehier, Le monde byzantin, I, Paris, '948)

• •H3 jenne on HaJHITIlJnx nnaCTeJIHHCKHX TIOpOAKnaIlyurauosa L(apCTBa, xoje cy nocne CMpTH Ilynranose3aBJIa,naJIe casrocranno Y CBOjR~f 6aIIITHHa~fa. To jeuoponnua AYIlIaHoBor ccsacroxparopa Ilcjaaa: KaKO ce

•YOJIII[TC Y3IDfa, rserouor sera no npyroj My cecrpnTeonopa; rocnonapa K)'MaHOBCKe 06naCTH. Ibera cyHacnenHnH lberOBH CRHOBfI JOBaII Ilparanr, KOjH je onnapa Ypoma Ao6RO HajBIDllY ,necnOTCKY THTyny, H "roc­nOAHH" KOHCTaHTIDI. MaTH liM ce xao ynosana noxany­~ep.HJ1a IlOA H}'1eHO~fl\fOHaXHlbe EB,nOKHje, a THTYJIHCaJIace II nan.e "L(apHL(a cpncxa'', Spalla cy parosan.eu cacycenaxa, a :H HaCJIe~e1\-1 OJTIIBepOBe J{ecnOTOBHHe,seoxa yseha ..13 CBOjy ~p)KaBY,TaKO )~ajc OHa 06YXBaTa­na nourapox nojac OKO naHaIIIH>HX rpamma JY)J(HeCptinje" H Byrapcxe. Y Fhy cy YJTa3JiJne seun.e OKO

•cauonprrrna H Aa cc nonnc no nocrojaucrsa Pl1J\;ICKO-BH3aHTHjcKe asrycrc. Ta jcuuaaua jc JCJICHa, )KeHa

Masojna II Ilanconora, KOjM jc CC):(COua BH3aH~1'HjcKo~1npCCTOJIY on 1391. no 1425. ronane. Jeneua je nOHI1KJIa

1\ CprICKHX. uax, npnnucsa cpcan.cra BCKa,•• • •cave JC JCAHajcnuua, 11 ro 'J'eKnpcu xpaj

XIV BCKa, KaA jc sch B1I3aH'J'Mjll 3ana3HJI{)

cyane, n~fana cpehy ~a ce yna sa jenner unsatrrajcxor

11LO

* AYT()P ynorpefirsaaa (l611~IK Tonop. iIf'J,l\(lua'l CC. y osoj KH>JJ:iH, onpe­

Ae11Ho 1a 0611I1K TCOAOP. IJI(ll' .. VI).I

3 0 Ilejauoanhnaa n~taC\,o\10HorpatP"jy J. Xauu-Bacu.uenuha Ilpauuu II

KouciiuiniuunIleianoeuhu. Bcorpan, 1{)()2. ~bU\()BY ponocnonuy Tu611UU.Y BHAC­

Til KOA JUPCtICKtl, Die 11uve und die SOIIlII! des Despoten Esau von Epirus. 131'1.ncugr,Jahrbuchcr I (1920) 6 r()J\I1I1Y 6u'rKe lin Pl)Hllllil~10, y xojoj cy na.1J1Mapxo 11K()IIC'T'U!lT~11iBlIlle1'" Kt)j\ n.CII. Pa}\c)j'lllfttl Y .Borocnoan.y"!l (1927),293. II J~.

•na JC HC3aKOHBTH~I HCKJJ)ylleIhe~1 a.eroua oua 1[3

rrpecrononacneba aaryrino 1'I OH ca~'f npaao aa uaparpan­CKH npccro, JIa jc MOJIMO Bajasara na npnsua 11 ~OBCACa.era sa BM3aH'1'RjcKor uapa, ~1eCTOCTp1-I~a ~lyMauojna.Kao pauajc uap JOBaH V lJ KalITaKY3}IH, TaKO cy 11can

necno ra ncnononecxor Teonopa ", a TaKO ucro 11

cpncxc snanaonc nccnora Crerpana Jlasapeauba 11

KOHc'l'a'rI1Ha Ilcjaaosuha. I1() CC~1 ()BJ[X~ nobome K

Baja3HTY Y Cep jour nna BII3aH'rHHu;a. JCJ~aH 6enreBJIaCTenliH 113 IIenOIIC)HC3a Ilasnc Ma~1()IJa.KOjH je, xaoH n.eros orau npc a.era, ynpaan.ao, IIC) LJ;('lPCKOj lrape,[{6H,nenonOHCCK11M rpanou MC)HC~1BaCJljo~r, ana ce, na~OCHOByre nyrospe ..rene ynpase u.erosa oua Ii n.eroneBJIaCTII'fe, noxyurao Ta~10 OA~IC'l'HYTII Keto C(:l~fOCTaJ1aH.

Ilpyrn je 6110 Manojnon cIIHOBa~, 1aAalllJ-b11 rocnonapCRnHBpMje Ha Mpa?\IOpHO~1 xropy, npcrcnucnr na BR3aH­THjCK» npecro JOBaH VII) ClIH y~1PJIOr aajcrapnjcr 6paTaMaIlojJIOBa, rtecyhenor BH'3aHTIIjcKor napa AunponaxaIV. Osora jc orau, uap J013al{ V Ilaneonor, rrocne CYKO-6a C lhM~1 OKO npccrona. 6110 IICKJT)y-mo 113rrpecrononacneha y xopncr MaHojnOBY, HO J~OU;Hl{je ce CfbR~1H3~IJiPHO, TlOCTaBJIBllIH fa sa ynpasnaxa CHJlHBPJ,I­jcxor. Ma~IOHa je npen Eaj'13HTO~1 OJlTY:>KMO neJIO­nouecxor ACCIIO'l"'a Tcouopa, na My jc onaj orcoMOHeMBacHjy, II oryna ra orepao ca 3J]OC1'aBJbal-beJ\i,o6emlJalIrheH)e~f H cpanon. A JOBaH ce Bajasary :>KaJIMO,

Kyuanoua, Kparona 11 Ta\fOllJlT)HX PY~II~IKa, OKOKo-rana, Illrnna, CTpY~fm~C, Ilcrpa-ra, Tiycrcunana,xojn CC If Ha3HBa{) 'raKC) no KC)HC'J'aH'l'lIHY, 11 rnc je OHcrononao, H'l'~,II()CJlC Mapnsxc 611TKe (1371), 06a cYfipara. xao 11 Kpan.canh MClPK() Y IIPlIJICJIY, ~10paJIa

npI13Ha'r~1 unacr OC~laHJ11Ij(\, ofiaucsauinu ce ~Cl 11~J

nnahajy nauax II na ~f~1C BC)jCKC)?\1IIO~la)KY Y parouaua.Cuphy JOBaHOHO~1 (: 378'?), KOHc'raH'rUHY je ocranaucna lberOBa npxaua. OH jc Y lboj BJlaAaO CDC AO 1395.r())~11He,KaA jc, 3ajC}~HO c Kpan.csnheu Mapxoxr, norrm­yo Y 611~~1aa POBIIHa~la, fJ_{C cy 060jl1U.a nO~1araJIHocaaunajcxoa cYJ]'raHY Eaja3HTY rrporns RJlalIIKOrnojnone Mnpue. Bajaaur je 3aTIIM sayseo 3e}\fJbC otiannara cpncxa snanaona. Cpncxa napomra nccxra OIICBanaje, cev Mapxa , II ,,6cra" KC)HCrl'aHrl'~IHa.3 Jcnena je6ulla xha KOHC1'aHTI1Ha Ilejasonnba. Kan je ~I KaKOuouino ,[{O 'fora Aa !by ucnpocn Y OT~a n ysueMaHojJJO 11, 0 TO~1e Ha~t npnnajy B33alfTHjcKl1

ncropn-rapn XV sexa <I)paHI\a ~IXaJIKOHKOH):.(HJl,npcupasaaajyha BaJhAa 3aje,[{HOHCKII crapnju 1I3ry6J1>etmM3BOp. Ouu Ka)J(Y na ce TO cnpumno KaA je Eaja3HT,6anehH ce jenaou nplfJ11JKO~f ca CBOjO~(BOjCKO~( Y ~laKC­

AOHCKO~f rpany Ccpy, nossao Ty X~I'rHO npcna CC, xaoC130je xnerncnaxe, Manojna II M n.crosa 6pa'ra,

ern KyllIJA -IJU:JAI/"f'11.fc'KA UAPI1[jAJ\ Auacracnjcnnh

1312

Busaniiuticku uap Mt1110jJ10 Il Ilaneonoi(I'. OCTp()r{)pCKH. kicutopuia Busonuui]e, Ec()r·r(lJ~.1959)

. "OH jc, urrannme, 3aTH~f aapenno .JeAHo~1CBO~l BOJBO~MyIIl KOrrJl)eHMKY, na FIX npexouob KPllll10~1 CBC rrorytia.Cpehox, raj sojaona, KOjM ce jour O}~rrpc ~1J10rO noneo cMaHojJIO~1 II II npanao OA a.era ~1Hore nOKJIOHe, He1I3BpIl1113anOBCCT caora rocnonapa, Bajanrr ce, nax, IlOyj}"rpy sch 6110 OAlhyTIIO, na ra 3,1 Ty HCrJ{JCnYIUHOCT Hecauo nuje Ka3HllO, Hero ra jc jour 06}~apIio. A HcaKYIIJbCHC xprnnhascxe BJTanaOI(C jc nO~JJIJIOBao. ornyc­'rilEIlll1 lAX C ~1HpO~1 xyha, CC~1 M anojnona 6pa1'aTconopa, Thera je, KaKO Hal\l AUQH1Ijc npu-ra C(1~1uapMaHojJ1() II y CB()~1HaArpo6JIO~1 cnony y~1PJl()~1Tconopy,sanpxao KOJ( ce6e xao cyxn.a: 11,\ ic, BOJ~chlI ra ca cotiou,ynao Y Tccanajy, H lIpHfly~JII() ra na ycryrm Me' MOHR

ORII necpe hH 1'1 B lI3aH'1'lJHl.\11, aacn CrIJl>CIIII En aC1'()­

Jby6.;nC\1, crann ynna-mrn caojc aajcrpaunuijc HCIlPll­

jarcn.c. Ocxra IIJIHjC. y cnoje CB(,~e, 11JlynIJ 11~1ruuc ~lcaxm Hd PYKY, AGl ocnoje Bl13aTfTlljCKO na pCTBO. VI '3)KHB()'l'()IJllCel necnora Crerpa na Jlaaapennha 0,[\Koucrarrrnua Cl).HJI030Cpa suave ~a cy ]J HeKl1 CpIICKIJBen axam ~l 6'fJIl[ OKJIeBCTanll Crediaaa KO~ Baj a3JI'!'(\, uarajao urypyjc CYrpuaa. rn, jc 3aTO IJ Crcrpaa ~10pao IIftHBajasury na CC 0)( 'rora orrepe. Cauo TJITO KOHCTaHTHH<PI1JI030CP He Ka)KC na jc TO 61IJIO Y Cepy. A cnaxaxo ,jeCJlII'laH 110B0)1 6HO J.f no..1acKY KOHc'raHTIIHa Ilejanonuhaxa Bajaanry y Ccp.

Ha CBe OBC )l(an6e, o6ecHII ocuaunnjcxn cYJI'I'aHce. KaKOnan.e BeJIe 06a uoxcuyra eusam ajcxa n~ICI(a,Y)Kc\CHO pa3JbYTHo IIa OTIT)')Kclle cnoje XpTfTJlhaHCKeKJ1C1'BCHHKC 6anKaHCKe, II o6acyo IlX jc HajYBpCJ~JbllBII­jH~1 pe'{[II~Ja II HajQPlhlll\1npcnsaxa. Ban cc6c OA r1-ICBa,

•

,a,. Auacrncujcauh~~---------------------------------

•

1514

4 BUJ,eTII0 CBC~fy roprse« cJ>pnllu,y. 113Aillb<! fin{;I10oiiv.10, I (Jlajuunr.Teubner) 1935. crp. 02. 2~. II A.: XUJ1KOIfl\OH,ll,lfna. IIJA. llapuo, I (I Y22) 74. 17 JIIt· )/('IO(JILtOIILIC CITtecpollo Jlasapeeuka vo Kouciiunuuuua ([JlI.IOJocj1n, HJJtloiut; r.laCHItK 42 (IX75) 267/H (npea fl. MllpKOBUh. Eeorpan 1930. CK36poj 265, crp, (5/6) lIa/~rpo6Ho ClIOB() Mauojna II 6P31'Y TCOAOPY. J13A.na.1f6poc )' 3611{J/'ll u.seopa JO lICIII()Pllj}' ollllnClltllie Ilaseonoia IIIIe.l()I((}II{·,Jll, III (1926) 53 n n; TpanC:JYHTCKY XPOIlUKY Ilaaupe rouy, II:5A.A.Xaxauo« ( c PJCKI1M npcsonoa JI oGjaUJI-bClbllf>1U). Ml)CKIlCl. 1~)5. rn. 49. " 52(ynop,« r.i. 2), \)9. " 32).

) K. Jnpeue«. /1cllroplJin C/J6(J, (npcuco J. PaAl)II~,I;) Kill. fl. Eeorpau,1923: II RYl. Zcitschr. 18. SR4/5.• • •

orau, ~f~{o n.oj jour Ca3HajeMO on 1'pallC1)'IITCKor xpo-

mrrapa Ilauapcra. na je OHa UlJJl3 xhn rpancayrrrcxor

napa AJlCKcH.ja [II Koxramra (yxrpnor 1390). a YAoBarypxsreacxor cxmpa Tauucnnna (nonmy nor 1386 )~.

KaJ{ je Eaja311T onpxao CKYII ca cnojn» XPI11II­haHCKl11\l xnernennuuua 6aJIKaHCKl1~f Y Cepy? IIoKOHC'1'aH1'~[HY (I>HJl030CPY, )1CCnOT Crcdiau .ie pauuorrpannau.a on xnenera 0 CB()~"I iuyponarsy C Y rpnsra,O'I'I'llUaO xa Eaja3H'I'Y npe fiJITKe Hd Ponnnaua - naKne.IIpC ~1aja 1395. rO):(KHC. A Eaja31IT }'1)! jc aa n.erona npan­A3I-ba ouronopno: .Ko jc OA OHJ1XKOjH cy npmoroaunurJIaBY Yrpuaa, nocrnrao urro Y csojoj AP)J(aBI'l?~~IlaIIO~1CHYBIIJ~I 6yrapcKc uapene I) octane, caeeronao ~Iy jcna OCTaHC scpaa Jbe~fy. IIo T01\le IJ3fJICAa na je cxyn yCcpy 6110 nocne Bajasnrcna noxopcn,a Byrapcxc. TOjeer nocne jyna 1393. ronmre. Jnpeucx fa II 113 APyrllxpasnora sancra (1 CTaBJba Y 31i~fy 1393-94 fOAl-IRe5.Ilpeva 'f01\fC 6R R nap Maaojno 11CllPOCllO Jeneny )' 1'0speue. AJlK JlpO'I'JIIBrora rOB()pH cnenouria <DpaH~IIHa,na je Manojnon ClfH 11 npsa HaCJ1C,l.(HHK,nap JOBaR VII]II aJIeOJTOf, KaA jc 31. OK'I'o6pa 1448. rOAHHe JlpOMeHRo

Moucxrsacnjy. CC{\l 'fora, JIOKYlllclO jc M3HYJ~11'J'11~1)'Hrpan Aproc. 110, K()A 'rccancxc PCKC Cncpxnja, TCOAOPjc YCIIC() yrchu If'3 Eaja311ToBa noropa,

Mchyrnu. no ~a1hC1\1 Ka3HBaJbY cJ>palll\C 11XaJJKOIIKO}1~IJIa. Bajasurouc KJlCTBCIIIIKC jc IbCr()BO

06CClI0 uouauran,e upesia fuH~la y CCIJY 3l16oncJIo AOcpua. Crora cy ce OHII, npe Hero llITO he ce orynapc13J1h11, rajno noronopnnn Ii ~~LKJTeJllf ce jCAa11 npyrou 1"(ahe npnou 3rOA0{\{ orrracrn OA Bajasnra, ~Ina he ce K30

caBC3HMl\H yaajauno nOAP)KaBa'I'll AO csrprn. A napManojno CC, IIPl! rosr, joiu H OPOAlfO C KOHcfraHTITHo~1Ilejanonnheu, JICnpOClIBIllJI a.crony xhcp JCJICHY, CKOj01\f CC 3,1'1'1-11\1 seuuao Y Ilapurpany. Xanxouxounnn.nax, uonajc Aaje Manojny BeBpannje n.eron OTaI~ JOBaH

V 6110nonce aa )KCIIY xhcp rpnxor napa 'rpaIlc3YH'j'CKOr,xrnany 11Ht06lIlIHO nerry YAOBHI~y jenner rypcxor euupa,no nxreny 3C~'JlIIHa. ARM ce Jonan, KOjH jc 6HO spno cna­nocrpacran lIOBeK II KOjl1 ce aajsan 360r rora paseoneoOA pCy~1aTH3~1a1 nc Mory};}, YCTaTH ~II[Ita uorc, 'rOJII1KO

3(:11hy6~IOY A~IBHY BepeHI1I(Y cnora cuaa, na jy je ca11yseo,OTeBWH je CHHy. (_l)paH1~aTO npchyrxyjc, xao urro jcnpehyrao 11 npacycrso JOBaHa VII y Ccpy, II a.eronaTal\.10ITIJ-ba pOBCJ-ba KOIl Bajasura npoTIIB crpnnaMaaojna II. (ppaHI~a je 61JOnsopjanun nocncurscr B113aH­rnjcxor napa K011cTaH1~rfHaXl, cnua MaHojJIOBa, 3 yHYKaJonana V, ITa uchc ~a npaua 0 'l'11~1py)I(H11~1crsapnaa 3a

uapcxa J~()~IIlanconora, Anl1 AOl.\HlIjH XaJIKOHKOrl}lHnHeMa TaKBe 063Hpe. Illro CC, nax, 'fl-lt[C }]()l\lCHY1'e

aecybene npnc )f<CIIC Mauojnosc, xojy My jc yrparino

('1)11KJ1MA - BI1.]Afll'I1J(_'KA usrnu»A. Auacrucujcuuh

l716

10 BUACTIt Y 60HCKO~1 111AalbY ,UYKC. C1'p. 51 0, ~. ~I~,II SIIJ1c'ru: JlaM6poc, 36uPKO LIJ60pa sa lICITi()Pl.Ljy Olfll£lCICIIIJ)'

Ilaneonoia (I Il enoiionesa, III, crp. 272.7.~IIt.

6 Bnnern <l>pallUY Y u:JJta1bY flaiinoOll)',ttO I (Jlajuuar, Teubner) 1935. 124,15. H ~.

I K. Jupeuex, /1CUlO. crp. 71.).X BIIACTII <l>paHl,Y y 11:i,QatllY T/llltlll){)tl)'.'lO I ( Jlajuuur. Teubner). 1935,

124. 15.11)1,.Y JJ.t;J1fCP JOhClll(!SS 1'111. Byz. I.eilschr.) 1 (1931),27.

•

•

AP)l(C, CaCBI1Nl paann-mo on Jape-rexa, na cxyrr y Ccpycnana Y 1391. rOJ{H1Iy. M()){(Aa C upauoa, Jep ITO,ie,UHo~!lAOCTa CTapC)M rptIKOM neronacy ro Hm<aKEOr rypcxory118)..{a YIlenonoaes nnje 6JiIJlO 1394, nero 1391. ronaac.Hajian, Il poplje ret\1~IC1' Y CBOM HeKpOJIOry ~apIIQHJeJleHH xaxe H3petJHO, A8 jc OHa IIOlIlJIa sa Manojnanacxopo [10111'1'0 jc OH HaCJIeJ(HOoua, IllTO raxohe sarsna3Ha t[Ii 1391. ronase II.

cscroa ~ aaapurno 56 rO,UI1H<l, 10 MCCCl(l1 M 15 nana)l{Hl30T3, IDTO 6H: 3HalII1n(),ua ce PO}1HO 1391. ronane (14.~er~e~\'f6pa)o. 3aTo nan.na Jnpc-rex II ysasra na jeMaaojno yroHOp110 fipax C JeJTeHO~f,He aa n01vtCHy'l'O~1cxyny y Cepy, HHTH 1393-94 ronane, Hero npe 1391.rouune'. Ho, no npyron jC)~HO~1nonarxy <PpaHI{IIHOl\1x,10Bal-I VTIl anje 6HO Mauojnoao IlpBO nere, neB jeMaRojJIO npc iscra ustao H jell}!)' xbep, a n jenner Cl1HCl,

• • •o KOJHl\la ce 1l0CJlC BI1Ule HIIIIJTa He \IYJe, Jep cy BaJb~apano rrO~'{PJIH. AKo 611 l1 ro 6~IJIaManojnona neua OJ:(

Jenene, a He OJ1nexe a.erose. Ha.r..1aHCII03Ha1~C, pauaje)((CHC. oaua 6w OH Jcneny ~'fopao Y3eTH 6ap ~Be-rrpl1rO~ffHe rrpe 1391. C upyre CTpaHC, no Ilenrepy", 0HeKaKBOM cacraaxy Manojna II, lherona 6paTa Teoaopa,Josaua Vll H KOHc~faHTfIHa Ilejanonnha KOA Bajasnrarosopa MaHojJIO II,He caxro y ropenouenyrou nanrpofi­HOlvi CJlOBY 6paTY Teonopy, np)T{aHOM HeKO H313eCHO

npeue no Teonoponoj C[\1PTI11407. rOAHHe, Hero H y jen­HOM nHCMY, KOjC jc AClIffMlr~e B3,Uao B. de Xivrey Y cnojojMOHorpa¢II.iH 0 MaHojJIY II (IIapH3, 1953), a sa xojeIlcnrcp MDCIIH ~a je H'3 1390191 ronane, Haxanocr, lvll1

He",{a~{o TY crapy [.f BCOMa peTKY MOHorpacpHjy yBeorpany, re He Mory B.HAC'l'H urra ynpauo y PC\lCHOMIlJiUIC. Ha jsan, HCKH ncropa-rapn (JIaM6poc, Bacarsen)

enI KMILA - BH3AfITHICKA L(APl1111lA. Auacrucnjeauh

1918

11,)i/HI, if iipunucso II.J uopooui« IIlIJ1{J().1()lll

(~lJ1H~rj(:lrrYI)a.oxo 14()(). ron)(D. Talbot Rice, The B)JZOI71117es. l.ondon 1964)

• • ••Y CBOJOJ XI1J])anyrO,AIIIIIH,O) lICTOPllJI1. Jf~faJ111sa uapuuyOBaKRY jenny cscrny .i111\IHOCT, KaKBa jc 61IJla 6allI I1pCnnan B1l3aH1'Iljc OI~a IbHX013a jenarra ua puna CpJICKOrpona. HaKO je Gnna KM KOHC'J'aH'rHH()Ba~ OITa CC nocrpnuy ssana Ilparamcsa. A 11 H)eH CI1H. nocJ1CllJ-J,JIRJiI3aH'l'11jCKJlfuap K()J-IC'l'aII'rl-fH Xl, 11,1'~I'[Ba()cc t,Aparcllfl".

>KI1HOTY JCnClflIHY Y B JI3ctH'I'IIj JI HC 311a CC

~tH()rO. AJIH~ l1 II) rora lIITO CC 3Ha,nponapyjc na jc ro OllJla, KaO Ii I-I,el-I ~ly)J{.

uap Manojno. encprmma lI, npu rou, npJIO ~'fYl~pa,aBHUIC cncra nyna B})JTIIHa II nllC)(»I<lll)C'I'll I~JT3aH'1'JljcKa

uapnua, 11 ,~ajc Y CBO joj H()BOj O'I'cll,l6rTHII C'I'CKJIa BCJIITKllyrnen If OJIIIJ're IIOIDTonaIhC. To joj, yocranoxr, xao IIITOhcxro BlJAC'ffJ, upusuajy IICanpCl\lCIIIIJ~II. 01:a cc ynana sa

Mauojna, Ka,n cy Brr3aHT~HU;11 II OC'I',111116aJIKaHCKHXP1I[Uft<lH11 Jlpe)!(lIBJT>aBa.iI11 najrexa npexicua. Bajasar je

6HO CBCO BTI3aHTIIjcKo ~apCTBO r01'013() casro aa rrpe­

CTOHIU(Y Ilapurpan II ua ITe1l011011e3, na jc npcnyanxrao~lCpC MAa fa CaCnIIl\1 36pIIlllC. A (1'r~10C(pepy cy TpOBaJICII ~(Jlore cBalje 113~'le}jy caxnrx Ilaneonora. Ilonyure,lIOCJIe Bajasnrone nponacra KOA AHrO]"e (1402), ~1clno je

naxsyno BM3aHTI1H~H~ia. AnM nOCJIe 20 ronaua, lbcrOByHYK Mypar II one'!' uann Bl1'3aurnjy. YOTIIU'l'C, Jcneua jeH~lana Y BIl3aH'rI1jH SHIne ropKIIX HCr()J1M cnarxnx A3Ha.Ho, OHa je 11ca CBojl1I\.1 l\ry)l(C~J, II rrocnc n.era ca CI30jlUl

cuuosmra, xpa6po ,Il,CJll1JTacsa J1 CnOJT)cllIIH)a H yuyrpaunsaana. Yormrrc CC ~10)l(e pehu ga cy Bmairnnum, ~faJTO KaJ~

212()

13 B~1Ae'111 rp-rxu TeKCT narpnjapxoaa nUCMa KOA Mnxnoumha 11Munepa, . leta patriarch. II. 230 "J~;0 MPKWIl II IbcrOBo!'.t 6paKY c PYfUHOl\1(Peruaou) BUAeTu TeKCT K. Iupeuexu Ciioseuuuu ('{JlICI{{I, CnOl\tCHIlK CKA,XI. 1892. CTp. II. 11A.

14 Bnaern ~toj cpncxn npeaon ror a...ra y .,b( )('()C.'I()J!JLy" II ( 1927).297 - 300).12 klnapnou Pysapau () Klte.J)' Jlasapv, HOBIJ CaJ\, IXX7.

crsapn, OAROCll na uapuuy JC.rICHY, na cc TaKO C:'vfaTpa

CRe no ~aHac.13KaA jc 3al'I1~1uapuua Jcncua 113ry6HJla OI~a

KOHCTaH'I'IIfHa y 6HIlJI na PORWRaMa, OHa je JOIU Y oKT06py

1395. rOJ~I1He,oner aajenno c ~l)')Ke~1Maaojnoxi, npao­JlO)KHJIa 3Ha~ICHIlrl'()~1 ua purpancxou ~lalJaCTHpy Cn.JOBaHa Ilperexe Y xsapry Ilcrpa, xojn jc ~'laHaCTIfP Haaa-re mrao TeCHHX nesa ca Cp6H1vla, 500 3JIa'j'H}JX IICp­

rrepa, C TI~l ,Ua~faHaCTITpCKa 6paTITja 1a raj HOBa~ KyIUJ yIlapurpany HCKO m1aIDC OA xora he nyha orono 50 nep-

•nepa ronauuser npuxoua, na na 1'aJ IIpHXOA 1'porIfH na•caaxonenen.ne nrrrypraje H na CBaKOrO~lfl1l1bH nOMeH sa

AYWY ,,6.1laJ/Ceflo2 II 8eJlllKOCJ1aBIl02 iociiooapa Cp61tie,20ClioOLlHa Konciiianiiiuna, ot~a .A10nHeu ceeuie HaM 20C[iO­

oaptce It enaoapke". 0 rove l-{a~rce ca-tynao aKT caaorl\'faHaCTIIpa Ilpere-raaa, 1I3 xora cy If OBe pelill.14

Me~YTH~I, Baja3HT je llOCJIe rrooenc HaAxpcratuxoa sojcxoa yrapcxor xparsa )l(IITMYH~aKOA

Hnxorrorsa (1396) CTaBffO BH3aHT.HjH HO)J( non rpno,Typua cy HeIlpeCTaHO nycronmnn OKOJllIH)' Ilaparpana,rrpecexasnm Llaparpabanaua cBaKY Be3Y C KOIlHOM, Iispctiajyha IIPHJIHKY ]la nponpy H )' rpan. A H Manojnoncaaosau, upereanear JOBaH VII. Bajanrros nrrahenax,

•

Jcneua ~'fe~y I'pmrua nnje satiopaan.ana HH

Cp6e. Harrpornn, OAP)KaRaJla je 11 AaJbC >KlfBC sese caCp6IIjO~I,1.lHHClilI 3 Ta~'ro CBaKO uoripo. 11y-mpurhyjyhuCprrCKO-BH3aH'1~HjCKO npnjaren.crno. Taxo, ua npnuep,OH<:l CC OKO 1394. rO):{HHC. sajcnnc C ~ly)l(e~l. sayacna KOIl

•ranamu.er uaparpancxor narpajapxa ga cpncxoxr rOCIIO-

napy y ABJIOHRt MpK1ll11. CHI')' sojuone )l(clpKa ca yrnhaBojane, H Teonopc AejaHoBIIll~BC. 'J'CTKC JeJTeHJIHe,nOTBPAD 11 OR, Ben 3aKJb)(lICHJ1. Ii OJ( OXpl1ACKOr apXJI­enncsona 6JIarOCnOBJbeIDI, 6paK ca Pyranou (Pcrnuosr),xhepjy Bamne Banuraha n KO~1HlIHC, HaCJIellHH~eotinacrn OKO ASJIOHe, l\1a,I(a 'raj Mpxunm fipax Hnje 6HOnpaaanaa. Jcp ce Teonopa Ilcjanounhena, xraru MPKillH­na, no C11pTH )l(apKoBoj 6JfJTa npeynana sa Banmnna6paTa Bopha BaJIII1Hna, xojn je 'I'H~fC nocrao O'(IYX

Mpxnrmr. Ha sanarau,c napa ~I uapauc, narpnjapx jesaacra H nacao MPKTUH, na, r]01lI1~O jc M pxma crynao Yosaj 6paK KaKO GH 3arOCIJO.f\apIfO otinaurhe ABnOHC Ii6paHHO ranonm,e xpuurhane O~ senepnnx Typaxa, TO

•• •narpajapnrnja HHTH l1CnUTYJe HlITB Hl111l1'~I 'ry n.erony)KeHK):{6y. A OH HCKa ~ionMTBa~la 11 noopo-rrmcrsaua33CJIY){(H OA Bora onponrraj csojoj nyrnn: napy, nax, Iiuapaua uexa 6y,Ue aaxsanaa sa ony narpujapxonynorrycnsanocr npeva fhC~f)7. Y rmcay narpajapxony ce

Mpxuia Ha3l1Ba napeunu, a HC u.apH'IFfHlf~1 6paTO~1 OATCTKe. AnH je jom 11. PYRapaQI2 csiarpao J~a ce TO, Y

•

crnsnts» -BJ1.3/tHTH1CKA LlAPUf{AA. AII(tC'J acajenuh

••

2322

Mct1IUjJ10 II Flanconor n3~le})y cnnouua Jonana VII ItCIIHa JOBaI[cl VIII

(L. Brehier, L(I civilization B}1:(117Iille, Paris. 1950)

•

••

•

•

••

•

nOl10BO je n()KYITJaBclO na ce no-rena IlpCCTOJTa. I10JI())l(cljsa BII3aHT~lH~C nOCTa o-raja H. Cpchou, Ha l\fon6yMaHoj.TJOBY rppamrycxosr xpan.y Kapny VI aa TTO~f()h,Aolje 113 (l)paHI~YCKC srapman EYCIIKO ca MaJIO~l, annjYHalIKOt.1 lIC'l'()~l cppaHI~)'CKIIX BIITe30sa. OH ca cnojuuxpatipmr p(11'HJ1~1l){('i cY3611 Typxe OKO Ilapurpana, Ayjenao YCIIC l13~fHpIITJIuapa Manojna ca JOBaHo~1VII, rcosaj ornane ())~Typaxa IJ OIl ()A Maaoj.ra npunrseu )'Ilaparpan. Jla aJIaK, CBe T() 6ClllC casro npaapeucnoonaxurau,e uporus cnnnor Bajanrra. Crora ce napMaHojJ10. no casery EYC1IKoa, KPC1'C, 3ajeJ{HO ca fhHl\1. ua3allaA na Ta~ro rpaxn Betty Tl()~10hnpOTIIB rypcxe onac­HOCTM (xpajcu 1399). Ilapcxa npecro Ii o}.(6paH)' npc­cronnue nonepa CBOl\l cnnosny JoBaHY VII. Ca cotioxrnosene II )l(CHY C nenoxr, Gojeh~r ce Aa Eaja3JJT Y~fcljYBpe~ieHY fIC OCBOjH UaplITp<IA J1 He 3apo61I lIX.3aTJThf nx y3 rryr OCTaBII Hd -rynan.e KOJ.( csor 6paTa,necnora Teonopa y fIenOIIOHe3Y, a OH sa EyCIIKOO~1

upouyxa nY'I' Y 3arraJJ;HY EBPOIIY. Ho, 3anYA jc OR TaMOofiajao nparouc IIpBO IJTaJTHjaHCKl1X, na OHJ.(3 cppaH­~ycKor R CHrnCCKor KpaThCBCKOr ABopa. CBM cy fa06aCRnaJIli nouacraua, noxnouuaa " o6chalbHl\fa. AnIInoxroha ~ly }{IICY nann. 3aI1anHa Eupona 6CIIIC rauaacysnure 3a}'3CTa croronmnu.aa paron 11APYflTh1 CYK()-61Il\fa. Eaja31J1', nax, nOH()l~O npM1'CCHll Ilaparpan .113rJ1CAalIO je )la jc ca crapoxr Basaarajosr cnpIIlCHO .

Ana OHa 611 ll3HeHal~a cnaceua C aaujcxor MCTOKa, na jc)I(llBOTapHna jour nona CTOJICfia. MOHrOJTCKII KaH TH~1YP(Ta~fCPJIaH) P<;l36JT II sapotiu Ea.ia3JTTa Y xpnanoj 611l~11KOA Aarope (28. jyna 1402). Eajasarosa ocsojcn.a y

•

.-• •'"

l

t • to

-t-•

.(. -••

CPIIKIJlb,1-BJ1.JAIII·UJCKI111APJ1IIA

2524

Llap Mauoino II u I(Q{Jlll(CI Ienena Ilpaiatu co cuuoeuuaJOBallOM, Teooopou II AHOPOHllKOM

(~fHHllja1'ypa OKO 1400)(I', OC1'porOpCKJiI, Jt/CiU()Pllill BllJ(1lliullicl, Beorpan, 1959)

• • •Hac H naaac jenan rp-rxn PYKOIlIIC, KOJH JC OH 'rOM rtpa-JIHKOM nOKJIOHHO rra]\10111lhC~f tIYBeHO~i ~faHaCTHpy CB.AHoHHcHja (St. Denis), 11 KOjM CC can tlYBa y xrysejy yJIYBPY. PYKOllHC jc anycrponaa. A jenaa on cnaxa YlbCMY rrpaxasyjc Ca]\10r Manojna, sajcnno ca )KeHO~1 ~fyuapanou JCJIeHO~t, H ca 1'pOjIIl(OM lbCrOBI1X CmIOBa,I1peCTOJIOHaCJJC~HHKOJ\1 II 6YAyftl1M BH3aH'fHjcKHt-ft napexJOBaHoM VIII, )leCnOTOM TC()J\OPOM 1-1 npHHJ~e]\1

AHAPOHHKO~f, xojc cy OHM AOTne H11aJII1. Ha CJIH1(11jc03fO Borosrajxa ca Mna~CHl~el\f XPHC'fOM y xpnny.Herron fbe, nax, CTojM ua xoraua ]~apCK(1 110pO~HI~a y

Manoj A3HjB OH 3aTlL\1 IIOBpaTJJ Ta~10111fbJIl\f pannjaaCMllpHt.fa. Aaajcxu ACO OC~{aHJIHjcKor napcraa 6u TFll\feseoaa oxpa.ea. Y OC'l~a'J'Ky.nax, 1'Orucna ~Iy eBpOIICKO~1

AeJIY HaCTa jCAaHaCCTOrO)lJIllIJha 6op6a OKO npeCTOJIaH3~lC~y 'IeTBOpHQC Eaja3WfoBIIX cuaona. XpmuhaucxmrKJICTSeHHqID'la OC~laHJIJlja na EaJIKaHY npyscrna CC npa-

• •JIHKa Aa ce CJIO)K}{OAHfHy H nporepajy cnoje ynscrare83 EBpOfIC. Ho, xpaurhauu CC He CnO)K1IIIIC. neh ce,RanpOTHB, sa npaspeaene KOPHC'fH, H casn: rroxrcnratne y6op6y Eaja3H1~OBl(X CIIHOBa, nO~la)l()'hH jenua jCAHJI]\la, a

APyrH APyrR]\'fa OfJ, fhliX. TaKO cy OHM paJ~HJII1 AOK HJ1CY

oxoryhana Cyncjnany na carpe Hey, Myea na YHMlII'!'H

CYJIej11aHa, H Haj3afJ, Hajl\{JIa~e]\i Mcxsreny I na no6eJ~11ItfIory6H Mycy, II na Ca]\1 saunana 1(enO~1 OcaaanujcxoaAP}KaBOlvl H na je OTTeT oxpena (1413). A nOCJIe je saxpaurhaae 6HJIO ):(o~KaH.

y spexc anropcxe 61iTKCManojno II cc aanasaoy Ilapmy, KYAa cc 6RO sparao H3 JIoHAoHa. Ha a.eronorauaunsc 6aBJbelbe y cppaHI~ycKoj npCCTOJr}Il~Hnoaceha

II' -,•b __

)If •

2726

~ nac 0 Bajasnrosoj nponacru II sapotiaca.yK(»)\ AHf()PC CTIJra() je y Ilapns TCK IIOCJle

'L'PH tvleCClI,a trpcxo Mncraxa: H a 1'0 ua pMaaojno, nyu paAOCTI1, IIO~C narpar xyhn (y HOBe~r6py).AOIIJJOBlllilliH y nCHony II uojaxauuin OnaTJlC Y MnCTKC,OIJ CC 'ry YKpI\a aa Ilapurpan. Kyna npucne rr()\IC'!'KO~tH}~yhe1403. rO}lJIHC. Ycnyr jC1 Aa6()r~le, oner CSpa'l'IIO xa6parry TCOAOP)I y Ilenononea, TC jc oryna yseo ca co6o}.:t)KellY lineuy. Y Ilapurpany, OH IIPH~1Ii BJIaCT 01\ csor 3ac­'rYIIIDfKa J08alJa VII. Ho y6p30 ce C lhM~1oncr sanana, nara nporepa IIa JCARO rp-rxo OCTpBO. 3aT~Il\'f ce noronn caCynejxraaoxr. npH3HaBIIIlI fa xao aajnpener HaCJleAT[})K3Bajasurcua 11 ofiehamun xry IIO~fOh IlpOTIIB OCr!'aJ1e6pcllie. A Cynejuan My sa ro ycryrm }ICKOnJ1KO rpaxxnxrpanosa na UPHOt.1 ]II Mpaaopnosi ~10Py H H~ KonTI)', 11ConYH ca C13eTO~(rOpO~1 (yrosop y Ilepa 01\ JYHa 1403).Hajsan cc KOHatIHO a3~llfp111i ca CHHOBI~e~1 JOBaHO~1 V1I~nOCnaBIIII1 fa na )lO)KIlllO'rHO uapyje y COJI)'HY H HaACBCTOlvl Fopou. Q'l'KaK() jc Cynejaaua cxraxao Myca(1411), Manojno ce xropao 6paHIl'fll on Mycc. Ann n ronpohe, KaJ~, saxean.yjyhn cascsy C BM3aHTRHl\Hl\1a 11Cp6H~'la, Mexven 1 pa36H H y611 Mycy (1413). JC? HOBflCYJlTaH He cavo urro je ()J~~laX nOTBpAIIO Mauojny CRe'3e~1JbCxojc ~1Yje 6I1o nao Cyncjuan, Hero jc H aa J(CJ1C

•csoje BJla)~C(1413-1421) OCTa() Y ~11TpyIi IIpIIJa1'CJbC'rsy C

fhJtllvf.

* A .YT()P onac uanouuu.e ua y J onunuxmauu Tt!KCT pacnpasc HIIJe()6jaBno C:lIl"'Y. ~6()rcnafior orucs,a Y onoj l\J-bIlJII c.'lnt..y l)6jaRfuvjc~lo ua CTp.25. npcva l11'lIcKY It] "tuJlfC Feopruja OCl poropcxor l1elltopuio Busanuuue.CK3. Ecorpan, 1959./f·jaii. )'1)./

BJ1aJ(anc\lIKII".J O}le)K)(al\la. ca xpyuaxia na rnasn. a

Maaojno, Jeneua Ii JOI3aH JOIl1 TI ca Hlll\16ycH~{a OKO

rnane, It CEIl ca cxnrrrpnva y )~CCH()j pynn, Ilccuo ()J( ouaje JOBa II Vlll, a TCOAOP II A IIJ(POHIIK cy JI3l\Iel)y otiapouurcn.a. ~Iro IIPl~lI(cpenisu 110 ronnaaua) no OJ~a,anpyru (uajunahn) }~()~1aTcpc. OIJIJ C)f C13cl rpojnua jawneua. Borouajxa jc IfCIIPY)l(IJJlcl ofic pYKe no 113Hal( rnananapa n uapuuc, (inarocan.ajyhn J),eCII()C\1 Manojna. aJ1CBO~1 JeJICH}'. VI cro cy 1'aK() JICfIP)')l(CHC II I1C)'COBCpytIJ11~C, ro jeer )~CC1{a y npasuy rnane MaHojJl()BC, a nc­nana y IIp,lJ3I\Y Jcncuanc f11a I~C. ITpIt BIJXY HH]\'f6yccl, ()K()fRaBC Boroponn-mne. IlI1liIC cxpaheuo rp'fKiI C jeuuccTIJaHc.Maru'', a C npyre c'rpaHe "fiu)Kja·'. A Ii RJllIIernana CBlfX ucr tIJIaHOBa napcxc IIOPO)(III\e nanasc CCnarnncn C lblIXOBII[~'f ~I~lCHH~1a[-1rrrrynana. CI[H~taKonecnnxe noncnn cy Y aaurc BpC~'lC IIOK. Jlauripoc y CSO~1

AJI6y~ly nuxoaa nmanrujcsux napena 11A. Bacnn.en ycppaHu.YCK()~l l131\a If,Y csojc CHfJJeCKC MC'I'OPI1je

BH3aHTl1jcKOf uapcrua".

A. Auacracujeuuh

2928

Llap JOHa~1VIII, eRR uapnuc JeJICJle )J,paral11(R. Browning, The Byzantine Empere. Vaschington. I ()92)

•()CBaJallKY IIOnH1'HK)' IJa CBC crpanc, C HCTl1l\1nonerouxao nOA Myparou I .H Eaja311'r{)M. Mypar II cc yripso

,__ .•f:!......

. .1-..

• •~-.....---... ._ ----.

TJ-IX ocaxr ronmra 6HJle cy najcpchaaje A06,\Manojnoso II JCJ1eHlJHO. TIo C~lp'J'II cnor Gpara. uccnoranCJlOnOHCCKor Tconopa (1407), Mauojno rave nocranusa ACCIIOTa caor npyror CHHa. 110 11~1eHyraxohe Tconopa,xora CJ\10nell uanpen Ilo~1eHyJlI1. A no C1'.tPTH CIIHOBJ~a:

conyacxor uapa Jonaaa VII (1408), OH Y ConYH IIOC.TT3,oner xao necnora. csor rpeher caua, ropcnoxcuyror

. AH1~poH~rKa. Kp03 HCKOJII1KO rOAIIHa (1414) ()~I H caunOCC'll1 C~lHOBe Y ConYHY H Y Ilcnonoacsy, IIOKOpIIBlU~1

ycnyr OCrrpBO Tacoc, l'AC cy CC 6TlJIC OA~fCTHyJIC HeKC

SeIltvtO)l(C.CrnraBII[H YIlenonoaes, ()J( jc 11rauo casnanao113BCCHe O)~~feTHIIKc. A Kcl,I{ jc ynupno 11 1'y 0611aC1'

•ynyrpa, OH Je ocarypa u on CIIOJbHIIX nponana. orrpa-BHBIIIIJ crapa JYC'l'I1Hl-rjaHoB 3Jln XCKCal\IIJJIHOII na KO­

p11111\Cr<0~1 3ClvrJJ)OY3Y. no IIOBpaTKY o'I'YJ(a y Ilapnrpan(1416), OH II Jencua Kp03 HeKO npeve O)KCHliJUe najcra­pajcr CHHcl~uapenaha Jonana VIII, TanlljaHcKorvl npanuc-30~tCOCPlfjO~iMompcparcxoa (1418). AOAYIue. Corpsjaje nocnc HCKOJIHKO ronuna, 360r HCBcpcTBa csora ~ly)Ka,KOjH j)' je saaeuapao xao HC~OBOIhlIO neny H 3a6aBJhaO ceCJleIIII[l1~1>KeHal\1a,oJ(6erna o~ n.cra narpar xyhn (1426.1lOCJIC caprn Mauojnonc), a JOBal1 Vlll cc HRCKOPO O)J(CHtJnOH()BO xhepjy rpanesyarcxor napa Ancxcnja IV (1427).

Ilorne neh 6elllc Y}'1PO upnjarcn, MaaojnonMexuej; I, a HacnCAIIO ra je eRH Mypar II (1421-1451).IT()A }herOBlI~fBO~C1'BO~1OC~IaHJ1HjcK() uapcrso, nOW'fO

cc sa BJIclAC a.erona oua onOpaBIIJIO 0).( asropcxor ynapaIi OA l\tCl)yC06HliX 6op611 OKO rrpCCTOJ1a, HaCTa13l1 crapy

•A. Auacracnjennh

•

313U

15 BII)\e'l'lI ct>paH~Yy l13AaJ-bYIltliillVo{i )'.10 I (Jlajnunr. Teubner) 193S. 121,25 II ,\.

n Ilap Maaojno II cuarpa ce, IIC'll)Jlpe~Jt:IH1. jCJlllll\1 ('li\ nujnehux nllJUII·')'ujCII.IIXrurcaua. bUD jc 'IOBCI-. 8I1COl\IIXuurcnexrynauux II vopn ..auux npnnua:6l.lBI((1 cc II TconOWKIIM T1HTaH.II~tH. it IIUClI1Cal)je II uuure ne.ia II j 06JlUC1'U6cCCAHIlWTH3. Ilponarupao je xy~tatlll'jnl\llI llJTIITIiO xy~'taHIICTc.IJIllll, )'1).1

npehc xa Mypary. Ho cpehou, ou cc uoxaja, 11,\ ~leC'J'OxaTypuaua, one y YrapCKY. 3a H)I'f~l,KP()3 xojn xrcceu,'1'a~10CTIDKe II JOBaH VIII Aa ~fl).nIi Y rpc aa nouoh npo­'I'tIB Mypara. A yjenno B~13c\H'1'MHUll fIOCJIalUe cYJITaHYjoin jCJ(HO TTOCnal[CTBO, C IIOHORHOt-.[ ~lon60i\1 3,1 ~IJJP.

JC)~aH ()A nocnanaxa 6110 jc ~fncropnnap <I>palll(a 15. O~Txaxe J(a jc nourao OA crparre rta PIII\C JeJ1CHC, uocchnfuCHY rv10JI6y n.enoj Cl)\.))~tl~ll~l), cynraaoaoj ~lahecIIMapa, KaKO 6H ce VI OHa K()A Mypara 3aY3CJ1a sa 06HOBY~lIIpa, IlITO jc, BCJIli, Mapa ~l ypannna. 1-10 6l1hc na je<I)pall~a 'l'}' aanpamro HCKY 36pKY ca AOl(HI}jO~[MYP'lTOBO~f )f(eHO~1MapO!\1, xhcpjy nyp~a Bpanxonnha.Jep ~ftlHe saasro na je Myparos cran MCX~1CT( I nxrao 3a)J(CHY HeKaKBY JeneHIIHY P()9clKY Mapy. Kaxo 6JiJ10 Aa6IlJlO. rex onora nyra cynraa npncrane na ~111P,rra OCITO-60All H OHe panaje BH3aH1'JljCKC IIOCJlclHllKe (1424). Ho~CHa 6eII1C csyna. B~!'3aH1'MHJ~n~1()paf(OTTTe nOrlOBO TTpR3-IIaTJ1 HaA C0601\1 OCMaHJIHjcKY nnacr xojy cy 6IIJlH crpccnanocne 6HTKe KOA Anropc. Hacxopo ce Jouan VIII npara113Y rapcxe, HO npasuax uraxa. A Bpa'L'110 cc H Al1!\1I1rJ'PHjC.Mauojno, nax, yMpC (1425). uourro jc 61:10 yuiao y 78. rOA­HHylo. Ha ABa nasa rrpen C~(PT ce aaxanybepno non11~leHO~1 Marej. Ilapmta JCJIClia ()C1'a ynosa.

oxperc IIpOTIJRBnaarrraaaua. sa lTITO xty OITlf ca~l11Aa){()IIIC nOBO)J,c:l, OHTT nYC'I'IIlITe nporun n.cra I-hGf()n()fnaxuor C1'pR~(1MYCTacp)', xojn ce join ())~ IIPC GII() CKJ1()­HIIO K(»)l H>IIX. 3a TO ll~l on oricha r'lJlIJTlOJh. Ha J~Jf'3aH­

rujcxoxr J\J30py cc sa Mycrarpy sanarao napeunh ]()13(ltIVI)I, K()xrc jc ocrapenn MclIJ()j.TJ() BC t1 6110 II pcnaoAP)I(clBJIC nocnonc, a raxobe 11 HCKlf 13CJ1MKaIIJJ-T.I1CKYCHlfIT 06(13p~II~1)MaIfojJJO jc 61-10nporusan roj ouacnoj }lfI)II.AJ1J-f jc HalIOCJJC1'KY nOJIycTJIO CIJH)'. 1-10, nrpa ncnaneHaOlIaK(). Mycradia rrpe cscra DIJeBc\pJ1 BII3aH'rl[Hl~C If IICl(a)~eJf~t fclJIITnOJb. A 3aTII~t OH Oil TIt)6eljcH 11y61ljeH O)~

M ypara I I. 3aJIy}~ can Bl13aHT~rjcKll rIOCJlaHM~11 )(O ljoITleC)'nrany C ~fOJI6o~1sa TI3Jt.11IPCfl>C.OIl IIX OKOna II 6cll.(11 yT3 ~(Hlll(y, 11,1nane non Ilapurpau, onccnajyhu fa rpu~fCCCI~a (ncru 1422). Ha 1'0 BlI3aH'1'1IHI~11 AJ1rOlIlC IIP()TlIBn.era thCr()BOf 6pa1'a, Mycrarpy ~IJTa9cr. OA OJ31fX norpe­ca: crapor Maaojna ynapu KarIJJ)a. Mypar, nax, cannana}II 1[()ry6~1~J ror upyror Mycrarpy, ITa 3(1 Ka3H}', IIOCJIajC~H(.)r cuor BOjBOAY, xoja pasopa OIl MaH()jJIa nortpa­BJJ>CHIJ 311T(Ira KOP.l1H']'CKOt\1 3Cf\1JI>OY3Y,II yuanc )' flJJ3aH-

•TlfJCKY nccnoronnuy ]IeJJOnOHCCKY, re jc crpannroOJIJ1)(l-IK'l. Y.iCJ~H() Typ~11 npurecn IIIIIC II necnorouuuyCO.f1yHCKy. Ta~10111}bJlnecnor. CJlcl6YH,al3H Manojnon C}IHAH}lPOHIIK, IIOITJJalllM CC na ce nchc l\fc)hll o)~p)[(arr}[,OHIIpOJ~aAe COJIYH Mnc-mhuua (1423), KOjJI cy ra JJ.P)l(clJIlfuo lI()lfORHOr rypcxor sayseha (j 430). Ysa CBe T(). OA~1C'1'­uy cc npcrnocneuu,n CITH Ma H()jJIOn, IIP1[H~ Ilnunrpujc,K()j~Ij()III uc 6eIIle )~06HO HIlKaKBY otinacr aa ynpany,3ajC}{I-(l) c HeKH~1npncrunnuaaa, ()}I npcricxc ~J'3UclpMfJ)a)(a y ljcHOBJbaHcKY Fanary, YHa~'fCplJ na ()Jla'I'JlC

('1)11Kif Ibl1 - BJ13AH-!'fJ.fC·K A {[APr! IJA

3332

Llap J(')BaII VIII, CHH uapmte Jencnc(VI. 'lsypah. C)'.ltP(IK Busatuuuie, GC()I~paJl.. 1984)

•uauum ua ra) ua llliH CKOPO Han uenan lICJIOrrOHeCKII~1fJOJTyOC'1'PB()~1, CC~t nan ~IJIC'l'atIKR]\f npnuopcxua rpa­'~OBHt\1a. Y Be311 C rI'II~f TI)rfXOBll~1 ycrrccnxra, Joaa H VIII

• •aa 3aTJr~1 ,nOtICKa jour uexrcpanjc naue.My-nina jy je, llpe cnera. suurc aero npe6op6e:l cnnona OKO BJJaCTII. ITo C~tPT~I

ouesoj. ,~pyrH no peuy 6tJaT, t(ecno'l' rrCJ10nOHeCKll

Teonop, KOA xora ce Hana3110 Ii Haj~Ina~ll fipar, npuauToua, jaBII uajcrapnjexr 6pcl'ry, uapy Jonany VIII, na ce)l(CJlI1 aaxronaunrra. Ha '1'0 Jonas 0AY3C -rernproa 6pa'I'Y,necuory I~PHO~10pCKIIX rpanona KOHC'I'aH'fJIH)', H,erOBYnCCflOTOBIIHY, IIa MCCII~fBPJijy )~aJ~cnpnnuy Iluxurrpajy,HalL\iCIIOBaBIIDl ra yjenao aa necnora. A C KOIrCTaHTIIHo~l

one y Ilcnonones. na 61-l !hera nOC'I'aBllO sa ]\1eCTOTeonopoao. Ho, Tconop cc rrpcnostucnu, TC If3~le~y 6pahc~fopaJ.{c }~OhlfAO none noronoc. Ilopen Teonopa H TO~1e.

Ao611can If KOHC'!'aH'flfII neo y I1CJIOIIOIle3Y (1427), a Josancc 3a'I'M~1IJpaTH y Ilapurpan. He npobc MHoro spesrenaa JCJIClla caxpaaa csor Tpeher CIlHa, 61fBIIJCr COJIYHCKorAeCII(}Ta AH~POH"K(l (1429), ITo nponajn conyncxc~ecn01'OlilIHe Mncunhnaa, OH ce. 360r CBOjC 60.i1e­UJJbHBOCrrH, Geltie IIOB)'KaO y 6na)J(c nonnerin.e ncno­IIOHCCKO. Ho, nOCJ1C cc npeCeJIIIO Y Ilapurpan 11 sauo­naumo CC IIOT( 11]\1eHO~fAKaKMje, na je T)' IJ y~lpO. TPH,nax, 6pa1'a y I1C]J()JIOHe3Y pclWJIpUIUe raxro BJIaCT it Hallnenonaua 'raM()IIIll)JIX JIaTHHCIUIX rocnonapa, sauna-

3534

Jonan VIII 11 AHa OA PYCHjc(VI. 'Bypxh. C\').fpOK Busauiiiu]e, Eeorpan, 1984)

•

•

• •.'

•CKlIM narpajapxoa, C ~rnorll~l BJIaARKa~1:a. C AccnOTO~1,URMHTpl1je~{ If C npyru» BeJIHKaI1IH~J3, OTI1JlOBli yHranajy sa l\pKBeHH ca6op, KOjH je nOtICO y <I>cpapli: asaapunro CC y <PllopeHI\lI, na C narroxr JCBljcHRje~1 IV II caocrannxr npencraanmmaa pll~ICKC UPKBC CKJIOnJf CP,,10-perrraacxy YHHjy (1439). Ho Y3aJIYA. Jep xpcramxa B{)jC­xa non-cxo-yrapcxor xparsa Bnanacnaaa, xoja IIOCJTe

HCKOJ1IIKO ronnna nohe na nporsa OC~1aHJIlfjc 113 EBPOIIC,pa3611, acrmra, najnpc Mypara 11KO){KYHOBH1~C. J1 nauer­HY ~ly ccrenaucxa ~1HP:ana 3a'fHf\f rrponauc y 6Jll~11CH~R~f KOA Bapnc. ~13ry6HBIlllf na 60jHO~1 nO..l,Y Ii cauorBnanncnasa (1444). A II ~1aJIO nouxnju 11()XOJ( JanxaXyu.anaja, KOjH je IIMclO na ocncra 'raj nopas, lIPO~C raxo

•

aero 3110 na KOCOB)' (l448). HlilJIT3 He 6"R HiI o~ dmo­

penrrmcxc yaujc. Jep npaROCJlaBHII B}13aH'rllH~11 cysunrc f\,1P3C111Inancxo T\PKRCHO, aero JIll rypcxo nOJIIJ­TIJlJKO rocnonapcrso. IIITa nmuc, 360r ynnjc OIlO~fP3HY'1'

•n Josau xao rnasaa KpJIBan II li3}~aJIllfKIIpaBOCnaBJha, II,l~ry6paT All~l~1.'rplije,KojJI y <DJ10PCHl\lI He X')'C uoruacaruaxr 0 yuuja, Ben npe rora IIo6C)l(C y Ilaparpan, ynano He(JTe npecro, Ila 611 sa TO aamao OCJTOIll\a KOn Busau­TIIHa~a, nccnor All~1111pnje, nOTUTO xry 6alll rana yxrpcnpsa )l{CHa. 3a1by611ce He casto 113 cpua, Hero II H3pauyaa, Y xhep jenner norpseaor Acenonuha, no POJ~-61IHCKII~1 BC3af\1a BpJIO srohaor 'IOBCKa. na ~1aJ~aHII s.cro-

npomnene Ii TO~fY J3 ACCIIOTa. A.I1M CC roprsa noronoarpojuuc 6pahe IIOKBapn. TCO}lOP II KOHc'raHTIIH cenocsahaurc OK() npecronoaacneba. Jep J()BaH VIII nnjel(~taOneue, a nuruc jc HOJ1eO J~aOCT3Bll1lPCCTO cnocotinn­

je~'l KOHCTaHTIIHY HCrOJ1II crapujeu on osora. TCOAOPY.J13:\lcljy TCOAopa CjC}lHC CTP3HC, II KOHcrraH'I'IIHa 11T()~1Cc npyrc, 113611 rpabaucxa p31'. JeABa je JOBaH usxmpno6pahy jCAHO~1 HOI~()~1 uorontio», no xojo] KOHCT3H'I'1IHAo~e Y Ilapnrpan. 3 ueo Ilcnonoacs ocrane cauoTCOAOPY If TO~III(1437).

AM najrope 6erne IUTO jc ocuannnjcxa onac­lIOCT CRe sehaa pacna. Mypar II Y3e Mncuahnxra COJIYH(1430). lOBaH ce no6oja II sa Ilaparpan. Cuac jc ~IoraoAOHe'flI Cal\10 HOB KpC1'alllKII par 3anaAHoeBpOIICKIIXxpmnhaua nporna Ocuaannja. Ann OH jc 61-10 HCKlbytlcH6e3 nperxonsc ynuje upxana, IlOClIC BJIIllerOJlIIUlfl:,IIXnpcrosopa C II3IIC'l'BO\f, JOBaH VIII najsan, ca uapnrpau-

CpnKJ1JbA -llI13AIIJ'1-1JC'KI1 llAPHUA.Q. Asacracujenuh

3736

•

na ~,ra9liI, uapuua Jenena, 11)16paha !\'lY JOBaH II KOI1C1'a­H1'1IH,He xohaxy HI-I Aa llyjy sa raxan IbCf()H 6paK, ()Ho~jYPH ca CBOjO~l H3aGpaHHt(O\[ R IbCHJI~t oucu Y CBOjyneCn01'()HIIH}' Mecmrnpnjy, II rasro ce C H>O\I TajII() BCH-ra.3aJ]Y)..( ~lyje KOTICTaH'I'J1H. KO.j~I yroxr 6CIIIC O'I'liIIIao JlanOCC1'li Ilenonones. IIOHY,[.(llO, c ;uonYIII'I'CIhCf\! napaJOHi:1Ha,J(Clr..1Y, y 3aMCHY 3(1 u.erony ~CCII{)'l'()BMHy ~{eCIIM­

npnjcxy, na CBOj TIenOJIOHC3. ,IJ;H~11I1'P{ijc On6H, na 110-Tpa)l(~lnIII1I ocnoaau IiCTTOJhaKO,L(Mypara II~If J(0611BlIJliOJ{ a.era HeIIITO BOjCKC, OIICe,L(e 6paTa JOBaHa VIII yIlapnrpany. 1111aK,OH He ycrre nponpcru y rpan, Heft ceHeKaKO lf3~111Pli c 6paTO?vt, na ce Il(.)BY1.1enarpar }I Me­CHMBplljy. AJIll Jonaa sa CBaKI1 cnyuaj II03Ba K ce61!{KOHCTaHTIIJla 113TIeJIOIIOIJC3a, Aa 6H ra asrao npn pynnnpOTIIB AM~t[t'I'pMja, aKO GIl ra osaj 1l0HonO y31Ie~1HplfO, aH Kao 6ynyhcr HacneAHHKa npCCTona. KOHCTaHTnH

• •normoan y BH3aHTHJCKY npCCTOHIIUY, nOIIITO JC ycnyrcpehuo 1I3lvfaKao TYPCKOj cpnO'flJ, soja ra jc aauana na fasapotia, ann jc 6Ilna OT(JI,Cra cY36HjeHa. OH can ]:(06« naynpasy CI1JTHBpnjy Hd Mpavopnoa sropy (norabaja1441-1442). AlI~1.H1'pHje3aHCTa OIlCl' sarpoan Josasy.Ana 611 on a.era YXBahc11 H saraopeu. Mc9YTli~1. OHYTClIC J13 saruopa xa nCHoI3n,aHH~Ia y I'anary, Hajsan ce6paha j0111 jCJ\aHflYT napannaure, na JOBaH OCJIo60~uAmfHl'pllja, a JlOBpa1~H ~'1yIi Mccaxmpajy. 360r yuajc.JOBaH VIII je noruao y c)'K()6 11ca 1fajKo~1 Jeneuoa. Kaocrpora npanocnasxa. OHa jc 11caua OCY9lIBana yuujyJOBaHOBY ouaxo HC'fO xao CKOPO I~COrp-txn aapon, na ITcpncxa CHCrl', 3a,jeL(RO C ACCII{)'I'Ofvl Bypbeu. A ITOC}'lP'1'11

JOBaH()Boj~OHa ~ryuax sa 11313CCHO Bpe~1Csatipaaa 11(}MeH

EIIClIlll.'OBa/LO VI" nOfleO.l1020

L.. Brehier, Le monde 8";(//11111, Paris, J 948)

ernKfI lb,1 - Bfl.]AJ 11'J1J('KA 1l.APfJIJA

3938

17 BIIAcTU: flu\1Gp()c.,161Ipl<tI II.l80/Jil sa IIClll(){Jltl)' oll/tartUlll<'llaneo ..10IIIIf Ilenououe.ui. (ol.!ccAa y 080J KI-bIlJII HU CTp. M-lJ7. - Hall. YIJ).

Ileiiia eoiua Katlilln y 1I.apllzpaoy «a «ojo] ie 11021"')'0uapKOilCIUaJI1UliH XI Ilpauuu. 29. Jtaja J 4.53. ioo.

(E. Foord, Tile Bvzantine Empire, London, 1911)

'1'0]\1 no~e )~O Honor pasnopa H3McljyTCOAopa rreJJOflOHCCKO!"' C jeunc crpane, IIJOBaRa Ii KOlICTaH'!'liH,l C ~pyrc. Jep je

Tconop, KaC) crapnjn (ipar on KOHcTaH'I'HHa, HCTaKao

cnojc upe-ie npauo npecrononacneha, na jc, )KeJIeh"360r rora 6IlTI! urro 6JJlf>KC Ilaparpany, saxrcsao na celbe~fyua KOHCTaHTJIHOBa CHJIRBpJlja, a KOHCTaH1'IDl ,o;aHJ.(enarpar y cuoj neo Ilcnonoaesa. Ilap Josan VIII, ~{a11 nepano, npncrane, TC raxo ra 1'])H 6parra aaxn.ysmne 11rpehy noronoy YTO~'1cuncny (1443). KOHc'raHTHH 3aTm1rrpche nOH0130 y Ilcnonones. na raxo BJIaAa C Haj~lna~HMtiparox Tovox, a Tconop ,f{09C y CHJlHSPJ1jy. TOMa ce3aTHM OpO,D.II ca CPIICKMl\1 necnorox 'Byp~eM Bpaa­KOBBtiehtt, ynaeuru CBOjy xhep 1C)1CHY, naxne yHyKyuapauc Jcnese, aa Bypbena erma H casnanapa Jlasapa(1446). Teonop, nax, y CH.TIlIBPHjH y~'1peOA xyre (1448) .Hacxopo uapnua Jenena H3ry611 11 aajcrapajcr ClIHa,

napa Jonana VIII, Y n.crosoj 57. rOAHHH)KHBOrra (1448).npRC1'aJIlf~C necnora AH~IHTpHja, KOjH no Cl\1PTHTCO]lOPOBOj ficiuc Ao6HO H CHJ1~IBPHjy, sancurc na OH6YAc HOSH BII3aHTHjcK~f uap. AJI" HajYTHUajHYljJ1 BeJIM­KaUIR, xao Hnecnor TO~1(l,KOjR,II He snajyha sa JOBaHOBYcupr, 6allI raua C'l'IDKe y Ilaparpau pana AOr()BOpa C Jo­BaHO~0 JleKHlVl uenortonecxnu IIOCJlOBH~fa, tta II caaa

•

!\fe~y npasocnasnmra. 1-10, nOCJJe je, C lIOrJ1CAO~I aa CReTC)J(C nOJIHT1ftTKC npunaxc, IIOBYKJTa T)' 'Ja6paH)'. y H3AIiua he CC BH3aJ-ITHja nouohy JI,lIIC'J'Sa !\rl()){(na HITaK CTTaCTJ1OJ{ Typaxa. To Ha!\1 cue Ka)J(C Jonan EBrCHliK Y IIC)C~1p'r­HOj 6ece)UJ 0 JeJIeHIII7.

A. A H3cracnjeunh

414()

Oiicaoa Llapuipaoa(N. lorga. 1.~·IOI·i(lvtetii BI:(/I7Iil'liJ, Bucurcsti. 1974)

(.:

AY1'OP ynorpefin.ana 06,llJK 1f~ICHaMyX3\II.!Jt. ~1'Jl~aIHl'lcc onpCJll.JIII()'Ja ycrun.euuju oGn"" -Ml!x\1cJt.lllali. >1).1

, •Joean Viii Ilaneonoi (l\1C;"lJhOH)

(Hap()}lHH M)'3Cj, <I>l.fpCH~a)

•

napaua, ~1aT'H JeJ1CHa, 6exy OJ~CynHO sa Koucrairrana.OHM npeonnauauic, a nspanume n Myparon npncranax.Ita uossaure KOHCTaJITIIHa 113Ilenouoacsa. I Ia TO OH uch'l'aMO 6H 11p()fJIaITTeH sa l1!vlIlcparopcl. A 3aTll~1 uobc yIlapnrpan H JaY3c upecro (1449). Ali~111'1'I)lljy, rtax, it

TO~IIInornpun ACCflOTCKO A()CTojaHCTB(), IIa I[X06()jllI~)1

11()Cna na snanajy y neJ10rrOfIC3Y. TIIJC'T'XO,I{H() JIX Y npn­CYCTBY srarcpe 11CCHaTJ CBe1.IclHO saxnc na raxro ne 0'111-"1ajy jCJ(aH Apyro~13C~IJby, uch na ce cnaxy If sajenuusxn611aHcon nenpajaren,a. Ho, OH}I He onpxanrc saxncrny,neh cc xpnn.axy ~fC}jy C060~1, Typmrua na KOPIIC'1.Mcbyra», KOHcTaH'I'IIII Xl ",D;parallJ'~ 6elllc IIOCJ1el(H)~1

BH3aH1'HjcK1I uap. OIr rrorn6c jYHa1.IKJ1 (29. xiaja 1453),6paHefili on Myparoua cuna Ii HaCnC){HI1Ka Mcxuena' IIOcnajaxa, Ilapnrpan, xojn Mexacn yTO~1 saysc. ~I

(,•--,U. Anacracnjcauh

4342

IH o IbCHOj Aa.'b()j CYA611HIl BII/\l:1'1I: M. Jlacxapuc. Biuaniiuucxefipllll~(e.le v cpebuoeexoeuoi Cptiuiu, Beorpan, IY26. crp, ll() II A; " 13.'1.Fiopoanh, )/(ellllo6a oeciiouu: RllJllpa. rnac CKA ISo, 6eorpaA. 1933.

• •Ka1'OJlIIK, OC'raB110 JC cnoja aacncnaa npasa na BH3aIITH-•

JCKH H 'rpaIle3YHTCKl1 napcxa upecro 1I na AeCIIOTCKMcpncxu, npso cppaHl~ycKO~( xpan.y Kapny VIII, a 3aTII~I

<pepJ.llfHaHUY llInaHCKO~1. 11 OH jc yNlpO Y PI1~IY (1502), H'1'06C3 neue. TO~1aje HMao II ~tna~cr CRHa Manojna, xorajc ncnpaa 'raKol)e nsnpacanano lIarrCTBO, HO KOjH IIOCJIeone Mcxneny II Y Ilapurpan, na A06H OA rseraTi3J1.p>KaBalbe.11 OA Manojna OCTane je~al~ cnn, no lI~iCHyAnnpcja. Ho, OH cc nOTyplIHO nOA HMeIIOM Myxasren. 3aTO~U{HY xhep Jcnesy, sch csro PCKJIII na ce ynana yCptiajy sa cana necnora Bypba Bpanxoaaha. Jlasapa(1446) IX. Ilpyra Tosuraa KhH 30,ia, nomna jc sa f\10CKOB­

cxor ucrmxor xncsa I1BaHcl IIJ~ na cc Ta~10 aasnanaCorpnja TIaneOJIOf()Ba (1472). I·la OCHOBYrora cc nOCReMocxsa cMaTI1aJIa xao HaCJ1C)lHJ.I~a Bnsairrnje }f xao"Tpchll PH~{)'. TOf\1a jc HMao jour xhepa.

lllro ce THtfe napnne Jeneae "Aparclw", lbOj 6Myurrcbcao ua AO)l(IlBI1 lJ 1311)~IlMCX~tCJ.lOBO ocsojen.e Ila­parpana Ii rparn-ury 110rI16!1j)'csor CHHa KOHc'raHTJ,IHaXI ",[(paraTlla". (DpaIIJ~a jc 3a6cJle)J(I'lO J{a je OHa yupna'I'pM rOAI1HC upc 'rora (23. xtapra 1450), xao ~fOlTaXHfua

I1IJO~10Ha. (f)paH~a jc 30HC, He JC.llCHO~I, Ben I1PmIO~'I,Crora ce OHa 11 y aouujoj HaYlIH()j KthM)I(CBHOCTl.f tJeCTO

II01\IHlhe xao Hprma. Heneponarao jc na <l>paH~a HHjCsuao fbeHO npaso "hie Jcnena, JTJ1Hna jy je notipxao Ccl

HCKO~i upyrox l1PHH()rvl aa BH3aH1'lfjCKO~1 ABOpy. Ilpe heTO 6RTR HJIB nexa npenacana llKa rpeurxa Y PYKOlll1CH]\{a

(I>paHl~a nena; JIJIH je MO>KJ{aJenena npso npaauna~1anl1l\10HalllKH 1.IRBrIO)~"~1CHO~1I1pHHa, na rrocne npenCl\{PT BeJIHKH l\{OHalIlKl1 saner non ~1l\!CHO~JHnovoua.lbCHY cy CMpT OIIJIaKaJTHnapouarmr rosopava HCKOJII1-

•xn onnaunea 3HaMeHHTII BH3aH1'lljCKJ1 KlhH)l(CBHIJt~II, re-IIICliR yjenao 11CHHa joj, napa KOIJCTaHTHHa, 360r ry6H1'­xa l\{a'rcpe. Haaa cy cc cauyaane 1'PH TaKBe 6ece,:{e,JellHa je OA 'Bopba Cxonapnja, )(O~HI-Ijernpuor UaPH­rpancxor narpsjapxa 110 Mex]\1cAoBO~1 OCBOjCfJ>Y Ilapa­rpany, II jennor 0,0;najy-reaajax IiHajIlJIOAHMjl1X BH3aH'ffl­jCKHX nacaua XV sexa. HCKH Jr,erOBH CURCH YWJllI cy H y

•crapy CPIICKY npeaomry Klhl1>KCBIIOCT. nOIiITO cy JOITIonna npeseneax aa cpncxn. Ilpyra jc 6ccc"a on 'BopljarCMRcTa, ssaaor "nJ1HTOHa" (no CPIIJ1030CPY IlJIa'I'OHY),OH}~alJ1H>Crnajcnasaajcr CPHJ1030cpa nnarouauapa, Maajtion.cr II03HaBao~a KnaCHIIHC rpnxe crapmre. ITonany BU3aHTHje non TypKC, OH je uiapuo II()3HaBal{)Ccrape rpnxc Kfhlire ~fxynrype Y Hranaja, Ii 6110 je Ta~10jcuaa OA IlpJ1IIpC~1aJ1aI~(1 pcuccancc. Tpeha je 6ecena OA

)'HIIIIfTll Bl13aHTHjcKO uapcrso. 3aTII~1 011 OCB()jR Ii

TICJ10IIOHC3 On AI1~tllTpllja 11 TO~Je (1460). AII~lj11'pJ1ja,«ojn ~1yxrano npc ~J()pa)l;e nocnara csojy xhep y xapeu,yxnaru ~I onneuc ca C060~1, Ifa f\ly OAPCAIl rOAll11III,e l13-AP)I{al1alht! II rpan EHOC sa yurhy MapIIQe, sa CT3HOBaH>e.H 0, A~If\1~ITpnjeHC '3aBpIIIII )f(HI~OTTY, nch YJ enpcay. xao

l\"IOHclXAaBll}~ (1471). TOMa, nax, HC rtane uiaxa MexMcJ1Y,nch YTClIC sa Kprp, ua rrOCJ1C y 11ranujy , rne r a jc no

C~[PTIJ aanpxasana rrarrcxa xypnja. Y~tPO je y Pn~1Y(1465). Iberos crapaja cnn Auupeja. KOjl1 neh Gcme

c J' 11/(11 //)A - /1n ,'JA H'rU./C'KA IjAPUIJIlA. Auacracujeanf•

44

• I(: Beccaa je. IInaK, lIa~fCI-bCHa uapy Kl)IICTllHTIlUY. Bunern U)'TOP()S306JilllJluCIbil ua CTp. hh - ny. one xn.nrc illau. ~V')./

EECEaEnOBOD,OM CMPTJ1 BM3AHTYlJCKE /J,APJ1LJE

JEJIEHE aPAfAIll

peropa J()BaHa Enreuaxa, fipara najxcurhcr 60pI~arrpo­THR cpJIOpeH'l'H.HCKC YHTJje, ~111'rp()nOJIflia erpccxor Map­xa Enrennsa. 11JC)Bal1je GMt) I(PO'J'lllBJ[Hl< )IHIIje. lbCrOS3

nocxrpraa (icccna T(3PIIll,11 JCJlCHll CaCTaBJbCHa jc sa yre­xy, He uapy KOHc'r'alrTITHY! Hero jC)~"JO~J O}l IherOBC JJ,BO­jJI~C 6pclfic ACCIIO'l'a, CBaK,lKO uccuory Aj,I~111'1'Pl1jy,jcn-1IOl\ffllTIJ1.,c~rIIKy JOl3aJIOBY R MclPKOBY Y rnrraa.y yaujc".CBC cy OtIC npaBIr ()611aC~11mnanrnjcxor 6CCC,(lHlf[]ITna.Ilucaac C)' BllCOKli~l cppa3aCTII~1 CTIlnO}'t. Hd CTaporp­lIKO~i je3IIKY t ca 06J1l-II~J.1J\1aII KOHC1'pYKl~~rjal\1a ,Qa13HO11111-lle3J1]I~tY IIal)O)lHOM rp-rxou ronopy. Y ~bll~face xnann 11Y3AW)I(C Jcncaa xao uapuua 11xao ~rOllaXl1l:ba. AnI! Ha~1ce1'Y lie najy 061lJIH11jc nojennuocra ~I3 u.cna >KJ1BOTa.Kao 11llH3tIC PCTOPCKfI CaC1'a1311, BPJlO cy TeWKC sa IlpCBO~.

A. Auacracujcanh

4746

t6ccCJ,l<1je oGjaslbcHo Kat) CaCI'UUHI1ACOpacnpaue Ieouna (JlIJOIIIItI'iCKO

l(lll}tl'\l~(piil\l'lb{1 Y "SpaCTBY" XXX. [939 tueo. )'(J.I13uncrn Oeuvres completes de C. Scholarios: T()~' I r 1aprn 192~ CTp

202" 27(). . . . .

'3a6cJlc)I(Jrnrrm ra Hd osy xaprnjy 11 yucuiua ra Y ORYKH)~Try, uran.cu TIl ra ". Oeo ean.oa suauu oa jeCxonapuie OOPJlCao tieceo» 0 xoio] ie pe-t, ue ua cauou

iioipetiy uapuue Jeaene, ueio ILa nsenau ioouuuse»iioue« )/, II oa ie uiy C80 ;)' tieceiiy jotu ouoa 6110 iipeoaouapy KOHCluaHiIillllj'; anu oa i)' ie Konciiianiitun )'~tebyepeueuy saiytiuo, LIO ce otipctituo Cxonapujy sajeoa« noeu iipuuepa«; ua uiiiu: i)J ie Cxonapuje 11011080

~aciUa8ll0 no cehtu« )J, L{fITiO ie eepuu ie uoiao, (la j)' iellOCJ100 uapy, II lUO sao oeo pytcoiiuca «oiu je caopscaeaoLI bpyie neioee ciiuce. CXO.'10IJllje8G je tieceoa uaiieiuua00 C(Jltj~' llOMeH)'llJll.'(. To ie ooa )' llpOJll Ienenuno] Llpe­eucoxot epnuuu; n.eno] oanouotiuoi C.1)1)/(6l1 sa ootipoBusaniiiunaua - .Poueja llllli lenuna ', KaKO KaJICeCxonapuie; teenu» 11006[IJll ..~ta30 o-uuuhen.e ceoje oyuu:" sa ae:_'IO .6Ila)lCeHClU80 na OHO.AtCBelU j'. A.flll Cxonapuiellpeli)'lllKYJe Ienenuno CPllCKO tiopexno. Ciiiun It caopsca])' 6eceOLI uctcuhen je otipiiiusu: it uoeiasu: us Ilnaiiiona IInoeoiinaiiionu-utpcxux tpunocotpo it uuiiuuiiuu« usBLl6Jlllje.

OHOCl/MO oeoe )1 CPlICh"OA1 iipeeoo yCxonapujeey tieceoy'. Ilpeeeo cau je iipeuaHOBOM KPllITill'IKOM [IJOalb)' iP'IK02 opuiu-

HaJ'La, ii.P.lf ebeuo» na OCIIOO)' ceoiep )lllflOZ iipeiuicaCxonapuieea, it uuiiauiianos. )' tseioeuu "U;CJ10KynHH~f

~CJ1II~1a" (O:uvres completes de G. Scholarios) «oja C)'iiocneou.ux ZOOl/flG usauina lTip)'OO)'f iio«. Jl. Ileiiiua u~P)'lll,'( yneuux AtOHG.ta acyutiuuonuciiio IV. Kao )' MOAf

Iipeeocy, iiuuco je it )' iiouenyitio» ceoiepvnnou C.tOAa­

puieeou iipeiiucy ZP'[K02 opuiunaaa uacnoe .Yrciuaapen uapy KOHCTaliTIlHY npunuxou C~1P'1'11 rocnobeu.crouc xrarepc''. Cauo ilia; HaC.10B lie ciiioju Hao lueK­~l7iOAt, neio ieouuo )' llpe2lzeoy caopscaia uenoi Pj'KO­uuca )' KOMe ce tieceoa IIQJlaJll. Hao iIieKclTioAl, iia«- . 'CLlIOTLI, uecuio nacnoea, OBO tieneuuca 00 CxonapujeeePYKe: !I fIOIJJ'J'O CM ncli. TaKO If3BOllCO, rocnouapy ~fOj

cnern, BCJlC~{O)l(H~Ill.ape, euo can ce ceruo, K()]J UKO ~IH je6JIJIO ~10ryhe, rosopa, xoja casr ycveno onna OAP)I(ao,Kat( cc nanao nO}'1CH, II KOj IT Cal\1 3a~J'II~f 6110 II0~Heouapcruy '1'11:H TO, CeTJ.IO caxt fa cc Bet; IIIIO~l Y 01III~I IICTI1~r

pc-iuxra, xao urro CC ~rHCJIl-l~l,IJ ca~t onoxian.cur; ITa

C'PflKJ!JlhA -lJfl.J.4}{"'J1JCKA llAP111~A•

4948

• •Ha~f ce tlllHH na Je TeKao carnacno C 'raKBII~J xpajesr: IJa

crora 0 nehllHII y~fPJTJfX y Bp11IIHll najeuo '!'aKBY OneHY,He narajyhn HIfMaJlO KaKO croja C'I'Bap ca IhlIXOBlr~1uenuxa xoja cy IIOtIII1IIIJlB nOK cy 61lJIlf )l{IIBli.

Kan, naxne, Y'I'Oj CBCTJ10C'l'11 npaxaayje uoscunjn)KliBOT pacranax on a.era y Bp.llIfHR, KOjII 6lfna cauo

jcnauuyr, KOJIHKO jc sehxra '1'0 'I'aKO. KaJ( CC uenora)KRBO'l',l )KIIBli Y rsojl Jcp OHO npno J1HlIII cauo aa HCKY

II()3JlaTY KpaCOTOM npnaac. Oaaj, nax, KOjlI je BpJIHHy)lO)l(HnOTHO otiaarsao, nocehu jc y cetin K,lO HCIIITO Il11'O

jc Ay60KO npOHHKJIO Y n.era. 'raj He caxo ua OJIHC1'(lsnarou, Hero je n npaso 3JTaTO. YOC1'clJIOM, HCJ1a>Klla. .. . ...BpJUIHa je xtnoro CJaJHlIJa 11 on }{aJ1IlIC'I'IIJcr snara. 11uparoucunja je aa IJa~ICTIle n.yne ()A najnehux 6()raTC1"el-

•cauo 'I~O,Hero ce 11ucnoxyna H tblIX()B )J(IlHOT XB<:lJIll,jep

•

nOCJlelJ.lhC~IIICXOJlY cyne 1.ICC'f() II 0 OHO~l urro jc npe 'foraGnno. AOAYwc, ncmana ce BJ111IC IlYTa: rna HCKI11~OC1'IIrHyno raxsor xpaja )J(IIBorra: He no He:lrOHY xa 60Jbe~1.HliTlino OABa)l{HO~1II AyroroAIIIII1J)e~f ne)l(6aJbY y TO~lC, 1'aKO

na KOn TaKBIIX JbynJf noxsanaa sanpnrerak )l(Jlfta nsrnc­ua BIfIIle xao np0113BOj{ cpehaor cny-raja Her011~1 II0JlBH­

ra. An", 611RO 3aTO urro cc u.nxono paanjc )J{llnOBalhC HC3Ha, 611110 urro je nplIKplIBCHO 6JICCKO~1 lhlIXOBa xpaja,nnax CC KOn CB1IX OHliX KOjM cy lI~laJ]ll cpehy ua ce ca)J(lfBOTO~f aa OBO~1 caery paCTaHY Y BpnliJI1J. CJ1aBIJ ue

JCa)KCHa II cnasna ~fa'rII nnanapcrua Til If

rocnouapxa CI~IIX Poucja, npccscrnu•cauonpurse, xao HII JcgHa npyra On nrna

• •

6~IBIJI~IX Y 'fO~1 paary, H3a311Ba yjcnno JI1 >KanOC1' CROJO~Icuphy, ,1 11 yrexy IlpCBCJlIIKO~l BpJIIIHO~1. ynnsajyhu ro

• •

JlI30CTPYKO pacnonoxerse H,} cauo cnou HaJ~IIlnI{Je~tClIHY 11 napy - roeopnu 0 Tc6H - Hero ~I ucnou OBO~Irpany, na 11 cunsra Posrcjnaa nnu Jcnaunxra. KOjlJ henocnc casaaru sa crsap. Jcp, xao ITITOrctic npnponnanesa C IhO~l. sajenao ca CIIHOBlhO~l Jhy6anlhY npexta n.ojII CClnorperiou sa lr)o~l, TaKO II Hac KOPliCT on n.c, n TO

raxobc HC 6C3 JbyGaBII Hll1'" 6C3 IJplipOAHC BC3C, norpc­cajy, KaO nrro jc no ccfin pa3y~fJI>IIBO: Heo6JI'IHO~1 C[11111-HO~f, II01ll1'O ce ry61lTaK HaIII~IX HajKopIICHlljIIX 11

aaj IIPIICHlljllX He ~10)KC IIOJ.(HC1"116e360JIHO. H0, npene­nnxa spmnra. ca KOjO~1 je OHa >KJIBCJ1a TOJIIIK() uyroupcxrc, If Y KOjOj jc oraurn a ua onaj CBe1', A()BOlhHc\ jc

caxra C060~f,na Hac nynrcuao pasramt. Jcp, OHt) IIITO jcCBaKO~1t()BeKY sajcnabc sa ce6c castor. ro jeer cnecr }~ay~1"pe }' BpnllHI1 - ronopua 0 lIac.III~t J1)Yl~ll~fa - 'roo sanCC jacuo J31iAH 11 [[PII y~111patb y upujarcn.a liJIIl CpOAH1IKcl.yHOC~t K()Jl OHIIX xojn sropajy 360r rnx f}'61ITaKa rpncrn6()JI, xao upornarer I~CCeJIOCT. AJIIl. ()A y~[llpalhcl y apnn-

HIt sutoro je TC)I(a CTRap nposohcu.c )J(TlnOTa Y BPJIJ.JHH.

Crora, xao IffTO nenu jcnuo cnen01I3HC'lBO, If jccre OHO• •npno npeue OJl osor npyror 3,1 CBe OHe, KOJIDla jc J{OHCK-

ne crane na ce 0 J-bH~(a nerro ~IIICJlll J\leby .rbYAHJ\la,•

nOIDTO cy Jbynn nanuxnu, KaKO JC HeK() pcxao, J:(a 110

nOPbA CXOJ1APMJA"YTcIIIHa pen uapy KOHC'l'clH1'IJHY 11PllJ1IIKO~1 C~(P1'11

••tbCrOBC xrarepc

cnt K Jl1hA - BfJ.'311II '['J1J('KA LlAPy[ IJA

51so

• •cauo, 1II1'() .Je JOw BIITJle, uapcxe, nero 11 Rpnl1HCCIJCYKYIIH()r tf(1netIaHCK()r pona, YK{))JHKO OH ofiyxaara

• • • • • •nax nOCTO]!! nexa KOJa JOJje caCBII~l uenocrajana, neroC}' cue OHC, nanasehn CC Y aoj paBHO~1CpHO, 611JIC K()AlhC cnO)J{eHC Y HCKY aenapeuasy carnacaocr, ~faAa CC,xao nrro jc 110 ce611 nconxonao, paanaxyjy no CallP)f(HHJ1,re je TaKO. yormrre pchu, y TOj ).(HBHOj nYIII11 uaurc npeucH3Hcno ua BlfJ.(llK ne cauo Ilpll~fep )f(eHCKC BPJllJHC, (I He

Busanitiuicuu KpciTl(G. Schlurnbcrgcr, Un empereur bvzantine ....Paris.l Svtl)

•II ycaapnranan.exr J.(YIIICRHIU1, I1IIaK HIlJe HI-lOA onoraIIITO je OJ.{OIIIJITe KOPIIC'l'lJ, HIJIIITa 3aHC~lapJIJ3(1J]a: sch jeII 'fO aeyvopao BplIIIJJIa II nperpecana. If AOK je HeKaJ~611JTa cynpyra noxojnor scnnxor napa, H snanana sajcn-110 C lbH.l\l: oua ce npn C13C~1TOt\l 6pIIHyna II aa nyuicsnynenory OHIIX KOjIJ frpIIBO,T{C Yne.TIO uncane xpnurhaucxor)KUBOTa no ycaursenuxr xrecruxra. TIoKa3aBIIIJ-1 ce uenor

• •))(HBOTa BPJI3. OHa JC, 3aJCJ{HOC BpJ]lfJJO~t, m.faJIa HCCy~Ub}tIHcyn 0 sarpotinoxr 6J1a)J(CHC'fBY, na joj je, xao WrJ'O CC

xrorno O'ICKJJBaTH. CBC IflIIJIO cpehxo, II ):(OK rOA jc 6Trna3aY3eTa C~1PT}fJI~t rrOCJIOBII~la. On ).(06pIIX OC()611Ha OHa

jc rrocenonana, HC ORY npcrcpano, a OHY cnatinje, HIITIJ

•IIIlaK 11e npecrajc KOPIICTHrrll Ii npyrmra .

E1'o. TO Cy O~JlIIKC CnaDHC noxojnnnc, xoje jc ona

nsrana r01'OBO jenuua ~lC9Y JbYJl:JJ~la.Jcp, II ]lOK je )' ~Ol\­HlljJI~t CBOjUl\1 fOJ{IIITa~la 6Ma 3aY3eTa CJIY)J(60l\1 BHIlllhC11

• • •yjenno H 0 11CTTlHCKII csojmra OHaKO~ sao lTCKC) KOJI1 cnyna){(H»'oopaha jennno Ha csoje BJIaCTli]'O o-nmtherse, a C"pyre crpaac, It nox caxioryjc IT na ~lllpy CC OlIITlllTIyjC,

•lJOBeKOJ{JIHKYJe He cave )' CBaK{)~f Oil ra ABa xnnoraTloce6JII.I.c. )' ,Tlo6a nOJ{CCH() sa cnaxa OJ.( H')[1X. Hero CC c

jCAHe crpauc, ~OK je y CJIY)1(611 OTTTTITIJX C~I~Rap~I. crapa

aa, na ~la Ha~l ce nouenyna 11 KpC3()SCl fiora'rcraa.MHOf()CTPYKY. nax, CJla13Y J~O.IOCli OB() AOOpO OC06r[TO()1IlJ~1aKOj~1OC'I'clH)' y ()BO~l >KUHO'I')' II no npno nyOOKC

C'I'apOC1'11. Jep, o H,Ill\ta je xroryhc J~a'rII curypuujy Ol~CHy.fIOIIJ'r() cy ce ucnora (3CKel IIOKc:l3IIHaJl11 npnu, II Y cnaxocy J{o6a yapacra II)' CBaK()~l ()6p'1'Y CYJ\611HC ca-rynannncxpcny II I-ICll()Kl)J1COJbMBY rcxosy CPJ(a xa 6oJI>C\1.

•Hapo-nrro ceo na K, cuarpa xao npxyaau CJlaBC. aKO J~HeKO. 11~laj)'hII non.y aa 06aJ{13a nyra K,i nucanuo»

•xpnmhaucxo» )KIIS()'} y. upcurao YCIIClllHO II jcnan II

,~pyrH 1IOCc6l1.Qc. 11()paAHBlliH OAJITl'JII() na OI1[I]'r11~1

C1'B(lp~1~f(1 y aa ro Jl0"eCHO ),o6a JbYACKor yapaci a, a

rrOBYK~lBJIIII ce y 11p~lC'raHII111'I'C noxoja y c·rapOC1'JI. A..TJII•nocroju 11npexo rora oner nenrro BIJlllC) '1'0 JCC'!' KaA cc

C'PIIKUIbA -BJI:JA111·J1.IC·KAusrnu»

5352

BIIJ{lHlltlljCKI( /uoitipuiapuiuicxn' KPClU(G. Schlurnberger, V/7 empereur bvzuntine ..., POI'is. 1(~9())

•Han14l3UIll CC lbCHO~i nOC1'().Ic1Hc'rI3Y 11 ca!vIOYBepCHOCTM, 1'1~IIIJl()crrHB je H3JIa3110 j()JII rrYHHjI[ Ca)KaJbCIT,a. ~IPOAOJhy6je C'}'II~at) BchJJxap, 11ouaj KOjl1 ce npusonco 1l0Hl-13HOC-

, .'1'11casuanao je ua JC, npe cycpcra C H>Of\i, C(1~10Y3aJIYA)l{cnco na TO 6YAe; 11ouaj xojn je ropco sa 6JTar()Bepje~1,acnauao je, saxaan.yjyhn n.oj, jour HaTPCIIJlj~1Y ucpn; ~f

onaj xora je pacrpsao K3Kan 60JI, spahao ce OA n.cy6JIa>KeH~ II nanynen.ax jc orpaunnaaao upercpany Ha).{-

, , ,

MCtIOCT~ H youurre ITe~1aHIIK()r KO]H mIJe, npnuraumn a.o],

rrocrajao onennnao 60lJllI,

Ilposenum )l{liBO'J' Y1'OJTl1Km.l ).{06PHM Oco611Ha­

!vIa, Ii TaKO, c jenne crpauc, uorepamua cc6c cavy AOuexor Jla1l3e~1aJhCKOr canpmeucraa SpJIHHe, a c J(pyre,

• • ••nOCJIY)l{lIBlllH TaKO H3]KOprICHHJe ~eJ1oJ 3aJeAHH~HJenana, xao 11nonaocof CBaKO~f KOjH ce aa l:hY uauepao,Jf OCTaBHBIIIH onaj 3ajCJ~HII\rKII c Ha~la )KJiBOT C Haj6oJblf~faanaua aa '('0 otiannoje. OHa jc can aeocnopao oxpyxenaCBHMOHHi\f 'le~1y ce uanana, H cjaja y XOpOBH~1a 6na-

•)J(eHTJX,a sa u;apCT130 ItI sa xpyne H aa csa OAJIMlf)a onoracsera HCTO TOJIHKO ~1apJ.I KOJIHKOMH aa OHO 1lI1'O HC noc-

, . .TOJD, C'I'CKaBIIIII xao sarpany aa 1'0 lJlTO JO) ce HH osncaaje nenana uasrer aa re crsapn, ynanpchcn,a IIOnnHKO­B,llha, xoja Ha3Hsar-.IO J(apCr('BOM IIe6eCHHM 11 yonurre

BpXyHll,CM CBHX n03II(:lT~TXHaM pauocrn, He Y~lcjyhH,

ApyKtIHJC CnaSHTH re HCI13pCtIHBe H cBaKO~1 pasyuy HC-CXBaTfl)lIBe cnacrn. Jep, J~aoaa R naJbe )1(HBli, Hna H narscIlOCTOjH, 0 rove ne rpetia HII cysm.arn, IIOIlIT() Hac 11

,cnerc KHlJ.Ire y 1'0 ysepanajy. a 11~fHora Hai\1 JbYJ~CKaxasnnan.a norsphyjy '}'O YHcpCT.J)e. 11 3aJ1C'J'af KaKO ?-tfO)J(C

yrHIIY')'1'1 -tosc-rja nyiua, Kcl~ jc OITa pasyaaa? KaKO ce

t

csaxo nOpeKJT() 1'1CBaKO cras,c II 3aHH~laJbe. A yuano He3a6opaBIIX, xao apxyaau, jour HerIITO OrpO~fIIO. ro jeer,na jc y ()BaKBO~1J_(ClHaIlIlher..1 ornannanrrey OA cscra urroje noripo, n Y 0130j crpauruoj OCKyJ_(I1~H y ~bYAJI\laKOjTI ceonajy OHO?-tlC III'I'() jc nJlC~1eHII1'Jlje, li36no, KaC) ycpcnanxre, jenan J~I1Bali KPllH~ 11.1'111xao aacpen TBP~C scun.cjenna cscra ~f(lCJIHHa,~lnl1xao Kl103 OKonIIC ()6JIclKC IIsrarny jenua cjajna 3RC3na, nnn xao jCJ~HO jenauo spi«. aarp03AY, na ynncrcvo J-l '1'0 uopcherse H3 Cneror rmcna(Hcanje 65, 8), I1p11Jla3CnI1 xa TOj 6J1a))(eHoj. IIyueu.ax jeoJ~J1a3HO 3anll1~JbeH,Jl nO)lBJDKHTfK spmme CC ynarsauaonocrnbea, ~I ~ry"paT~ CC ocehao Y HCKO~f Ao611'1~KY,II CCH­

arop je rrocrajao AanCK013~IAHi1.i11, If cynnja je nnncc )J(RBJ-I3aKOH npaI311tIHOCTJf. If jYHaK jc 6118ao IIo6c~eH, 11'3He-

L"'IJ KJ11bA - BfJ:JAIITI1}C'K.4 UI11J/llllALI" .L\ UaCT3Cn iCBI If)

5554

•)l(aJIOCTR~{O~ rra KaKO Y )KanOCT cnana HCCYMlhHBO 1I JeJ(360r ry6If'l'Ka IIaUTTfX Haj~lJIIJIHj~IX; a OHl-I cy Ha~1 ~1HJllf

360r npJIO 6nllcKIlX aesa C uaxia: rvle~Y'1'H~1, nax, mrje

~1()rytlcua 6y~e]\fO neuno ca H)Jrl~fal neh ~fopa~10 111111 ~fJI,•

}10K ()HlI OC"l~aJYOBJle, OJ(.na3~11'lr OJ.{f-bJIX, na TeK nocne uaJrI OHIf CJICAyjy sa Hahla, IIJTII C\JO nplIHY~CHII na, nOK jour

• • •rpa JC uam )l(HnO'r, rneuasro xaxo <-)HlI ]e.naH JIO jcnan

• • • •nYTY,IY, JCP ]C TaKBa 11 naura Ii H}I.fXOB'l npnpona: uajsan,• •

KaKO ra] ynap nOAjeAHaKO CHclJle1311 II npnnarne JbYAC HliJTaCTOApUJIJ:Ct Ita TCIJIKO noraha 11 'L'c6c napa KOjl1crojnui Jla}\ CHJ1f\'fa, 6ynyhlJ ~a jc ()JI IJCllfTO HajlJPMpOJ~IJJ1-jc: 11 IJOllJ'I'O Tpe6C1 npO'J'l1B there}, xao PI ([PO'I'liB

• •OHM KOJ11 cy CC 11 Y CBO~l 'J'CJ1CCHO~1 IJ()C'I'0JaH>y J1.p)1(aJI.M,KOJIIIKO l1~t jc fOA '}'O fiUJIO Y ~101,1.f. TI()'rIIYH() oKpeHyTII KtbC~1Y, 6HJlO 1(,} nc 0YllC cupcrasa C Haj6Jla)J(CI[MjM~faoallI ona xoja {»)~aBAC J._(OHOC~1ca C060~1 rrpnnpcuy IIJtl~l(l-

•3<:1xcanocr, If rrourro, xao urro sa remnra, Kan CIIJa cyrrne,(IJ(Y Y crony CCHKC, TaKO H Hac npare )l(anOC1'H; HJIlI, sao

111'1'0jc HC]\1orytie na CC upu JIOJ~HCI~Jf()jnprmenn He saxapnBa31(Yx, raxo jc fT 33 rrac HeI136c)I(HO na CC CBaKO):(HeBHO nc

•caKYII1I0 II3ytlaBal-r)e~f II ucxycruou, aancra Je nyxaocrna CHOCHlll 6C3 rcurxoha onaj Yl(ap: a II CHOClfBeJIJ rasaucno. y3 noxroh uonuraaa 6JIa)l(Clle.

AJ11I, rrOT1TTO je sa aac. )~OK ron ce 06phe~10 ua• •

OBOj 3e~faJbCKO.11103()pHllI~lr,)J(JIBOT HenpCKHAHO nonon• •H>OJ11p()'rIIBH(), IIOIJITO je 011a cyurracrno, HIITI! CC OHa

najc pa30plITTI lTaK }-IJi BJIaC'J'HTOl\l csojc« snohou; a "0110 JJITO }bY casnaje, jecre ne'III1'O. CI3C OBO Hl1jC 'fClllKO

•omuapnnje paIII1rnalI11TH. a H11 AOAe:\'rlJ nyuo IIITOIIITa

CJIII\[IIO, 113 ucra 6l1C~fO ce pa3J10)((l-10 YBepIlnJII na Harnenymc ocrajy 1-1nOCJIe osora )J(HBOTa; aJ1JrIuaaa aaje J(Orora ~a 0 011()~1CW'fO HHKO He ocnopa 13a,can pa3BJIa­

\IJr~roIJa3rOBO}). Hara, naxne, none Cy!\III>a~iO J~a6na)]{eHacan )]{11Bl1 ~1HOr()caspmeaajc Hero nn Y cpIJ3[flIKO~1cnery,HIITH jc ~1oryhc )~aOHa, OtrnCTIIBlr[~I ce {)BAC no xpajn,c

~10ryhHoc1'11~ OHAC ~IC 6Jlaryje on npsor TPCIIY'I'Ka, \{lI~fjerauo crnrna KC1 ce6n CpOAH~I~1a. Jep, KYJ~ je II xauoaesroryha«jc, 611JlO Aa He 6YAY 3ajeJ.(HO C BlilJlfblI~1 6am

•

JI()HlIKaO. If no nosuauau.y CH~IXJl>ynCKI1X CTBapl-I K()]C ClI

•

BC))CJ(Oj PCflHOCTtl IIPCKPctCll()r xopena OHOr 113 xora en

JIO I\lal-T,Y on lbIIXOBC. Crora ce 1a n.y II rperia. KaJ\ nefOHa unusa y panoern. panonat ~111'J C61111 JIa~Ja, npecnernunape, na HahJCCrpetia 11 ~rOJrlTTJIna 11~111uocraneuo lIl'IO

IlP116JIlf)l(J11Tjn n.oj ~' BPJlIJHJI, KaK() lie 6rrC1\10 ~JHOrO

1130C'l'anH IJ3a rse HTT Y 6na>KCHC'J'BY: jcp CBe:1KaKO xropauoYHCK{)JIIIK() 1130CTaiJT IT3,} H(ljOJ13)1(CHJljC. Te6JtI, nax, II II()rrnOM y31111WCHO~1 lTHHy KOjII rl'~J jc naposao Bor, 11 no

~fO)l(C C tbO~t 36~ITI1 RerrITO rope no H~CH()~lOUllaCKY 3ay­

sex "3 Tena~ Ka;~ ~tll3Ha~ro na ce ona ~J osne na 3C~fJhII

ycanpmana )~{)HCKJlC y naynn rif Y npJTI11111 OallJ 3aXBaJbY­jyhl1 TO~IC IJITO ce. YKOlli1KO joj je norybe. OTp)J(e O}1

'!'C11a? CC~t ,'()fcl, HH'f L1 GH OHa Y3clJTyn rcxnna aaBe tlHO IJJh y, IIIf'rM 6u cxsarana P,13Y sro ~t11JIKOnC 6CC~'lPT­

HJilX 6J.1JlaIf cue urro je 6eC~lp1'HO, K(l!~~I 'fa j l1a3Y~1HC 6H11C(1~10110 raxan, ITa IIC 611 ~lI1J[()lJI'I'() Hil rpaxana J-.(ace3a~111111Jb(1na ,je HCKa cncpruja, II )~cl jc, xao raxna, 6eC]\.f­

praa, xana 611 ona Gnna cuprna, nurn CC yornrrrc ~10)!(Crtojsmru K()jH 6li Y3POK on CBI1X K()jII cy xanpu ua pasopc,6IlO y cran.y a.oj HaHe1~II csrpr, KaA GIl OHa ~lclc xojmia

• • •OA lblIX nouma y )~OAHP; Jep HIITH nocrojn IJeIIITO [lITO JC

crtixnn;« -IJII.JAII"f·II./('KA llAPMI1AIl. AIIUCi3ClljCBUh

56

BI(3QHiii.lljCKO uapuua .y CBe1lGHoj OOC)J(OII(G. Schlumberger, Un empereur byzantin .. , Paris, 1890)

• •crnapa; -rysapxa, nax, Ii ~OJHJha Ibl1XOBa je AYIua,OHaKOHeTO xao sa ORe npne 3eMJba, na aKO xohenr, nyma je Hnexap xojn HX Merna, noyuasm« CC Y 'I'O~1e Ilannosov .M60)l(iiHCKOl\1 pc-urroinhy, R yxpacaaura PClIH'!'(.)C'r KOj)1KMa y ceria, TaMOIllH)HM rOBOpH¥J1IKHN[scurraaaua. CBaKJ1

•on 'rRX IlJlO,QOBa BpIIIH y HaMa, KaJ( ra y3}.{e~10,H cBOJe3acc6HO KOPHCHO AejcTBO. Iloacuiajy JIH ce, nax, paJ(Hynorpeoe CBHcxyna.na 6H cc 1I3l:bHX caC1'aRMOjCAaH jena­liM JIeK, OHR Hac ocnooabajy 01.( cnaxor 311a, 3 C npyre

•crpane 0ACTPalhYJYCBaKY yxnapenocr nyuresnax cana ynaxa II cnpenaaajy CBaKY npcsnacr onopnx COK()Ba.Eno,na Bl1,QHTC y KpaTKHM I10TC3l1J\1a.

..•

•

•

•OBlJX CBe'I'HX oraua KO)II cy ~tC aa aBO nOJ(C'J'aKJlH, npc-

sasanaseha y csesry TO~1eMa xoja Apyrlf TICK.360r Tora cesacan H OCTaBJba na CTpaHY CBaKM APyrl1 O~ TaKBHXneso­na, na ce R Te6JiI11 csaaa npacyruasia rrpHHOCI1C,lMO onaj)l(eJIHrre TIM casnara cacrojxe rora JICKa?To cy: Jby6aB,panocr, MBP, Ayro'rpaJbIIBOCT, J(06pofiYJlHOcrr, Ao6poTa~nepa, 6narocT, Y3).{P)l{Jl,HBOCT (faJIaTID.1a 5, 22-23).npOH3BO~a tI je THX nnonosa Ilyx CBC'l'l1,sao ron urro je~CJIOKyIIHJ1 rrocraaax 6JIJhaKa, lIJIOAona H ?\mHCpana xojccariapajy ncxapn, neno ror rrpBo6JITHOr yspoxa CBllXf

•

}'111CJIHMna ona IIp~JnFll]" H3KflOHOCTID-lc\ cnasac noxoj-HlIUe, a ua ;.{OlllIKyje Ii fIOCJlY KO]\1ecy nocsehenn OBltI AaHH,fI "a jc yjep;Ho 6JIHCKa ~IOMe rr03~lBY,IJ8 11na onrosapa llIDlY

lTIKOAJhHBliX nOCJlC}.lHU;ci on n.era, cupamrra HCKO oA6pa~1-6eHo CpeAC'l~BO~ - TO ja H lIpOTlID canannse OBe )J{aJIocr(~HHnpOTFIB CB3Ke npyre canasr FI TROMe BJIanal)CTBY Ii OBHMcnymaounva osaj nex - OBY, aKO 611 je lfOBCK Morao 1'aKOH33BaTll, cncry ~{enm~RHYo~ neser pa3HHX nnonosa, na

•,II•

•I

i

CP1IKJ1ILA -BJ.1:JAIITM.rCKA IlAl>HIlJ1

59

1f llTTO TC aarpanc ).(o6Ifjaj)' uarnpnponuo OH~Txoju rcscexa CBO~f K{1aj J-be~f ycaspuranan. Y~ a C npyrc crpa He. ITIT()

C)' ro yjenno AapORH 6o)l(jer Ilyxa y naua, ynaxnyrn Y Hac

xao ysnapje aa HCKY npyry BPJIJfIiy. xojy ron CI\1() }' cran.vnOKa3aTlI'l13 llHCTe JhYJ~CKe no6)'}~c.AJT~f, HCKa .;e sacannocra 0 TO~fC, IIOIIITO Ha~l ce nan-a )!()'pJITJI.

PaJ~OCT, nax, jccre npccraaax CBaKC )KCJT1C, {lltl~l

csro CC C'I'aJIJIO 3,~py)J(IIJIll ca Onnv xora acern.xro: a 1'0 je

OHO urro Ka>KC 6na)J(el-fI1 lOBaH: "K() upctirma y Jby6anII,11Eor je y H)Cl\lY" (Ilpaa Josauosa 4, 16). 113aJ1C1'a, KO cc060raTl10 HC1'HIlCKO~t panonrhy yCJ1CJ~ 'I'ora, rrrro ccn.eroso CPI(C ocnorionnno )l(eJJ)e sa nponaaumr crnapn­~fa, raj rmjc npnnonao ce61T OC()61ITY nosy narn.y, nrro11X jc "13ry6Ho, jep jc sa Ib ~tAan)c rnaBHII npcunern.eroue Jby6aBM, xojn xry ce He ~fO>KC onyaern, II KOjII t\1yje caxr C060~f ~OBOJhaH. A narpaua sa paJ~{)C'I'je ynasax ypanocr y Bory. Jep OH scnn: ~,Y~lly panocr rocnonapacsora' (Marcj 25, 21, 23), nourro 11 jecre HCKO paspa­ljRRalhC II ynehaa,c naaor Ha~l on Bora xarurrana, Ka).J,MJ.f

•He sarpnasaao R HC caKpHBaJ\10 HCtllfCTTIl\:f TIO~i~IIIIJl)aJlf~la:,

Hero HallpOTJIB paumpyjcxro II O'fB()PCHO nOKa3YJC~10ycahcny Y HaMa on npnpone srncao 11){<YAlbY sa 60JbIL\1.

HCC~feTaHO, nax, li ucnoayheno rtpucneuan.e xa)Ken>CHOJ\feneqmxame CC Y Caerosr nncuy xao ~lHP, KOjl1~1lfIIOJ\1yhyjC~fO, Ha)KaJI()C'I', tIH~f xohcxio na 6YI(C uaura, a

He I'ocnomsa BOJha.A KO tvIMP uapn.nno Tpa>KJ1, Ao6~ljaxao aarpany 6o>Kje YC1IH)elbc. Jcp OH nena: "OJIa)l(eHH~11IpO'rB()PUlr"- npe cnera OHll KOjll )' Ce61J Ca~1Hl\fa I\:IIIP1'B()pe, a 3a't'11l\'1 ra fI lIpe~la "p)'ril~1a, I1J11-1~l Y }~pyr~(l\la.PC13HOCH()Hcryjy - "jep he ce fla3Bcl'J'I1 CUHOB11fvlCl 6l»KMjII~t"

crtirnu» -IIII.JA1IT/lIJ(_'KA U(4 PJ1I(A

58

. III'fO ceo }\aKJIC, npc cscra rnuc ~11)10aBJf,6y)~yli~1J{a IC oua aaron cpna xa If}lCclJIHOf\l yxuuarr, y y Eory,J1aJ{Il cauor Bora (jcp OH cnaua y 611ft,l Y xojuna ce If'~C­aJIH~)Y)l(IIRa: ,I uc Y oua xoja cy sa )'nO'l'pCOY, 11()IJI'I'() jcxpa IH>C caaprucucrnn): TO uac ona noncrn llC ~(l CJI,IO()r..l(lp[r~10 11 aa ouaj IKlfH{)T JI 3c1 onaj cupruu CBC')' u 3elJrOnc1I~ n 3(1 lIP()Jlc13JIY CJIaBY II Y()JIIII're 3,} Cl1Ccnon.anrn,c.11 J{Li 'r(tKJlll~r cruapuva pacnonaxccxro CC1l\() Kelt, npCJ3()3-

~lJI~f CPC)~C'I'T1JI~la, a na Te>KItf\10 3a nocrurnyhcxr 6o>I<jcruapcrna, IIOIIJ'rO Ha~r jc Ta~lO IJ{)J10)l(CJI KOHaI~ lJ naruerBCtIHC)r GopaBK3 11 ne-ruor )J(tIJ301'a nanrer. 11 ~lJJOrJ1

6JIa>KCHIJ. }IOIll'rO cy 'raj llaj60n)11 ~I Jf(l.icna~JI ~lCljynno}.{()nJr~la - ITJIO)( JJ>y6anlf, llellrl~l - caripann ll3 CBC'JlfX

xrsura. KOjC nOC'I'aI3Jl>a jy xao 3aKOH:.Jb)'611 rOCII()J~aBora 113CI3e AYJIlC Cl~OjC", TO jCCT C JrJ{eanHlf~f y)£(MJ~aI-bC~1~

If 3a'I'IJl\J: ~.I16JIII>KH>era csora JI)YOl: xao C,1~10r eeoc"(Marcj 22, 37: Mapxo 12, 30; .TJYK(1 10, 27), 1'0 JCC1 113

norpcoc - OJraKO, naxnc, xao CBOjy nyniy II cnojc 'I'ClIO:ocrasnnn cy CJ3e pctJ{I[ Jby6aBII rracnpan Xpucra; 11,1jerrpcxra 'J'(>~IC npauo }{a I\fTI 'J axohc TO J~()6pOBOj])HOOCTaI3n)a~1() paJ(JJ HaKlIOHOCTl1 K tbe~IY Ii na npaxraxro60)J(.jIJ CY/~ C Ilor~ly1'Jf~'1 Bpa1'Ot\1 n cpncu. A can )_{a BlI}l~I'I'CII Hc.trpa)(y sa Ty 11PJJIIHY.To jc: ..Ko xrcne Jl)y6l1 - scnuOH - rora he ..fJ,yorfTll OTa~ uoi, II jet hy J\1Y ccjamrrn ~'(Jonan 14, 21). 11 36JIJl,a jc rperiano naj SIllIlY ()l{

CllIIX npnnna aarpannr» rnCJ(('llJ.>C['.l 'I~IC'J'C ncrnnc 11:3HC[I()CpC}~Jrc 6J1IJ3HHC. JIOIIT'!'() jc 1'() uajncha narpana, roJCCT raxna Y KO.jOj CC HclJJa3C CHa ~()6pcl. C'l'()ra 11 lilljelIY1\() LIl'l'() cy Ii 'ra Jl>yGan 11 H)().i Cp()nlf~1 JIJ1C))(()13.1:1 C jC}{lreC'l'I)clIIC KCl() IrCKe IlalUc BpJl~IHC 3a K(>jc ce }(cljt; Harpa}(el.

,IJ,. AHGCl ucnjcsul,

•6160

•

BelIHO sajenno C nyuiaxra; TaKB)', nax, 13CPY upne 1[360>KaHCKC nayxc xoja CC o-nrryje nenou. II xoja usia xaonOTBpJlY If pe-r noneuancxor caupmcncrsa, xohy pehaHcyca Xpncra. 3a OBY Y3BllWCHY BPJIIIHy H"rpaJ(a Ra~rjconpasnaa,e. Jep CB. Jlasnc BCJllI: :,I10IDTO C\fO ce ortpan­nanl! Repo~1 y Xpucra Hcyca" (PR~I.TT)al[II~la5. 1). A

" .,,01IpaBAa'!'ll ce cacroja ce y TO~IC urro H,l~1 ce samencno ypa-ryaana y BPJJIIHy. Jcp, xaxe raxobe CB. Ilasnc:"Eli ~1y ypa-ryuaro y onpannan.e (Plf~1JhaHl1~la 4, 3),urro 3Ha \11[:y BPlIlfH)'. A ro HC~IO)Ke61lTli 6e3 nepe. Jcp,no IICTO~f CB. Ilaany, ,.6C3 acpe je ueuorync CBITJ(CTTIccBory' (Jenpejnxra 11,6).

Bnarocr, nax, 1111'a 611 npyro 61IJIO JICrOJlll, TaKOna Ka))(C~fO,ycnaan.auaae ruena, "JIll CB()~C}bC iscroeoaa rrpany srepy. A TO jc 6alIl raoja upnaaa, CIfJIHH nape.Jcp 1'11 IIpaBlflIHO onuepanam men TBOjc pe-ru, Ii He narujoj ua cc 6)'1IHO H pa3Y3naHO xpchc H ynapa. EJ1ar l[OBeK,

naxne, ne fT)'HH Ba3AYX BlfKO~f: He napa ynm oxomneysnacana: He npaxa Bora XJ1aJ\HHjII?\i pc-nixra: jep ruxopane OHIf KOjlI 6ecHe xao nYJ~a~M~ Hero OH orpanmanapasyxioa J(KBJbHH)' CTpaC'I'H, n1fajyhil na y~ly "a 11lIIIITaOil OHara W'!'() jc fl'3f}'6IIO anje n.eroao. Jcp Cs. ITaBJICBen": .Jllra lL\fallI a na TO HlICH J{06IiO? A ~l aKO CHHeWTO .[.(06110. 1111'0 CC xnanuiu, xao na rn 1'o6o>Ke H~ICl-l,,0611()" (npsa Kopuahaaaua 4, 7). Toste 6~ C(;, nax, ncnosrorno J~{},Lla'J'fJ11OBO: "AKO JIM ca HeI1l1'() 11'3rYOll()t urro

•

O)l(aJIOC'1'11'!'If 360r ryrinrxa ~1a -icra urro ~fY je nparo, anapo-mro nc 36()[ ry6ll1'Kcl JT>ynCKHX crsopcu,a, 110W'I'Osa IhlIX()BC J~YWC 3Ha II 113cneTTTX KH)Jlra na C)' 6eC~1pTHe.a sa IbIIXORa 'rena scpyjc ,ua he orrer ycrarn 11 6111'11

(Marej 5, 9); a on rora neua HIllIer satner YK()J1IfK() CCrnuc 6JIarOnOJbClba 6o)l(jcr n I3C3C C Boroxi.

Ilyrorpun.ueocr, IIa K, urra je npyro Her()J1JfII3).\p)f(Jl)~Ino J!()nHOTUClhC 60lltt xojn Ha~t sana jy f)'6IIUI1ITP()lle13lnIX ]lOGel pa, ann KOjl1 Ha~f ne naua reurxo 3aTO(IJT() Y aaxra npCOBJ1al) yjc 'IC)J(tbcl sa BC\IHJI~l }106pll~ta. A~fTO jc J(CJIO JICKpCfIC Jby6aIl~r. Jep Ilanne BCJIII: ,.1by6an. "JL. nyrorpun.una (npaa KOpIIHlla HII~Ia 13, 4) . "A Y TO~lCac ~fO)J(e GIfTII JJ)yJ(11~lanehcr ofipacua O,U a.era. HII'i'11ll~ta xora KOjl1 jc JIOAHeo ~IHoro6pojHllje rcrofie 113J1)y6aB~1 npeua XPHCT)/. 11 aa nyrorpnn.uaocr 110CTOjllaarpana. To jc finarnapexreno If aCtIHo cnacen.c OJ~IICKy­IIICl-ba. Jep BenJ1 Focnou: .Ko npcrprrn .uo xpaja, cnarnhecc' (Marcj m 22~24.13; Mapxo 13, 13).

,lJ:06pohY,UHOlllhy, nax, II ]106pOTO~f nasnnauononaomn.aso II HeYBpeA..'hIIBO nonanrau,e npcxia 6.flff­)KfbJl~faycncn rora llITO ce aaura ynyrpaunsa ~fJJCaOHaHCy3IIe~1IiPJbI1BOCT npoumpyjy If aa aam CTclB upexracnon.aunsca csery. A Ao6pohYAHOCrf je OIIIIITHja onnotipore II uporexe CC aa BCJ1Ji 6poj JbYAII. J ep,~no6pohYAaH jc Focnon CBH~ta, a noepo \IlIHII }l06pll~fa:',13CJlJl J.{o6p()5y,UHlf If xrexocpnau, xao II rn, uap AaBII,l.(.KOjIJ jc 6arn 3a1'{) II 60)l(jlI Jby6lI~1alt II rrpopox (Ilcamrn144 1145/, 9~ 124 1125/: 4). 113 rora, IIaK, OllCBllnHa jc II

•aarpana, KOJa uexa JI~1aO~COJ3IIXBpJII1Ha.

Bepa jc .,no'rBP1~a 0 craapmra Kojli1\fa CC HaJ(a~lo,A()Ka3 0 oauxra xoje HC B~J(lf~10" (Jenpcjmra ] 1. 1), A{)Ka3sa BCPO]lOCTOjH()CT Onora KOjJI Ha~1 0 l-hlL\fa rOl3()pIJ, IIt[~fja ce BCP()Il()C'I'()jHOCT ourryjc lhCrOBII!\f HC()CTI()PHIltvt

}{CnI1~'fa II 3H(1~1C.I)H~1a.Ko I'OA 11~la flpasy nepy. Hene CC

.[1.. Auacracujeunh•

62

Ceeiiui (~'OCPlli{1)1 Llapuipaov (rancpnja)(E. Foard. The Bl':;CIIlliI1f! Empire. London. 1911)

ce Jh yram, K30 ua 'I'll je oayscro TleTTJTOraojc T" 3a o 3)1BpJlIIHy Ha~f je narpana uacnchc 3C~IJT)e. Jep BC11~II'ocnon: .,E.rra)KCIIIT rinartr, II()(IITO he HaCnCllnTII 3C~lJb)/··

(Marcj 5. 5). IT any ()BJ~C, II OHY '1\a~10,lIC1'IIHCKY 3C:\fJT>}'6JlarlLx: J_()K he cacBll~111pOTJlnHO OJ_( rora ,TlO'IeK3'!'11 ounxojn cc Hco6)73~aHO JbY'fC. a II OHJI KOjlJ npexo ~[CPcpooyjy raxsoj jcnuoj crpacrn xao urro jc )J(aJlOC1"'. Jcp,CB. Ilasnc xaxe: . )Kanoc'l' osora CReTa AJHOCll C~IP1'"(npyra Kopnnhaunua 7~ 10), '1'0 jCCT nYIIJeBHY C~1pT. xaourro )Kc\llOC'1' y Eory }~OHOCIInoxajau,e pa~li 6ecnoK(ljH()rcnaccn.a. 11 sancra. OHl1f\(cl xojn cy aapotirsexu 1'O~1crpamhy nnje BlIUIC sroryhe J~CJTaTli )KIIBaXHO, nou ITO cyII~f 110A tbCHll~f ynapunaa ona6a13JbCHC H)JIXOBe yHy­rpanm.c cane. CC~1'fora, ,~~IH()rC jc yrinna )l(aJlOC'I"', BeJITICl'ap033neTIlH IlPOIIOBCJl;HIIK. )lIIll1'{I nxra KaKDCKOpJIC'J'ITon a.e' (He IIpOIIOnejlHIIK. aero Mynpocr Capaxona 30.25), 1101[11'0C)' 0]1 60J1CCTIl xoje OHa uopaha, CBI! OHII npc­paao 11'3r),6JIllJI)J(IIBOT, KojJI ce rOJ{HilCY omrax CHa)l(HO}lIJrJIH nporas lbC.

Hajsan, Y3JlP)J(JbllBOC'I'. TO je yuepeuocr xojy rrpe

csera Y .iCJ1Y 11 nuhy, na OH,Qa Ii y csexry npyrou, aaxtehel)a3Y~1.3a n.y Hac O(»I(jJI npostucao narpahyje ruuc lI1TOHa~f IIOIIYlhyje HCAOC'I'a'J'Ke IfClJIIC CPII'3lll1KC cnatiocru,rrOIIITO je. no HCKaKI~O~f BI1IIIC\t norrynrrca.y, CYJ~61IHa

HCy~fcpeHJIXAct CBe )~y6Jbe "OH)' Y CBa ropa 3JIa.E1'C), li31'MX cc nnonoua, K30 llJ'J'O IJlfAIiIII~ aajnnc­

~lCHIJ'r~lj~1nape, npasu SlCK xoju Jl()HOCIJ 6C36oJIHOCT, IJJl~

6011>C pcha CTPIIJhJfl~OCT y 60JIY, II KOjTf onsrax, a He TCKIIOCJIC J~)')f(cr npcvcaa, OCJI()6alja OHC K()jII cy Bon)HII

•

Y3C'!'H ra, (})~sana KClKBa nx cnonanajy ycncu npcrcpauc

A. AHaCl ucnjcsuh•

65

ll.lIPI12/){1() (rpauypa)(G. Sch lum berger, V,7 empereur bvzunt in... ,Paris, I(~90)

•

64

• •uajapcnnjn nape, Ilt»){H()CnTJIJ1aKO CBe IJITO TC CHana31I, 11ynpaan.ahcm Ha!\1a lIYHll~I Ila>Kfue ~1lICJTlf?\ra II 6Y/l.Hll~f()tIHf\{a cpua. Jep Ilyx CBe')'II nehe )la'l'~1J(3 CC TH, TaKOuaxpan.cu lberouuu nJTOAOBII~la, 0ABllfUC y3Hc~IIlpaBal[1OBH~f 6eCOBlL\la KOjl1 nysajy cnon.a, nero he, YTHllIaBUlJII{X, yrrpann.ara 'l'BOjOr..{ J{yIlJO~1, IIa hem KP~1cllbCHIb Il~fe,ycucrx na cnaccu: oaaj l\1HOrofuYUI£fl ,~p)J(aBHH 6pOll.Taxo nocrynaj, ~10JIII~fOTll CC.H ce6e caaor H Hac pann,a ~IonH~10 H bora J{a Hseronoa uosrohy ~10)J(elll 'raKOIlOc1'YIla'I'Jf, jep fbC~fY npnnana cnasa Kp03 BeKOBC,A~1l{ft.

•)l(aJTOCTft, nJIM KOJll tlaK He Act HIt na IIX no-ray Cl10nanaTIJ,jep OH 11~1a, xan cc IIO[lIIjC, Ii npcayupehnna-rxy ~loh.Hsera je y3H~[aJTa nporus CBIIX HC3fOAa Y )KUBOT)' cnannaIIOKojHHI\a, Halla uapnna, najcscrnja ~tcby napauaua.Cacrasou TIlX JlYX{)BHIIX nnonosa )'jC}~HO, OHa jcncrepuuana 113 ce6c csaxy {)TI)OBHY )Kan{)CT, npnnocchara nenpecraao C13(.)jOj llYlllR. Taj cy JIeK II npe lbe TIHJTHCBH nacmrrananu 6{))J{jH. Y 311~1aj)'h Ttl 1(1. 11 'J'll hem,

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,[I,. Auacracujcanh

,: .~: Anacracujcanh ~tIlCJl" Ha OCHOBHJITCKCT OBC pacnpaae xojn jc y

..6pllCTUY XXX. 1939.nOJ\ HaC.flOBO~1JeOIIH(I 611JlIHllillicKfI l(a[)lll(ll Cpiisuua I

O()JaB~rH rOAIfHY naaa npe npceona. 1/lou. )'1)./BUAcTU y rp\IKlIfl1 aKTII~1a '<1I.1a"J~arC"II~1, II 'jlta H>C L. fe/;I.

ncrporpaj.\. 1911. c'rp. n. ~1I)l<':TII j~"tl .Iel(.,,, ·"" ....dB ItpllMt!p Y IIIJ"Jalll'lIjcKorHCTl>P1111upaX BeKU relleclIJu, 6(UICI\l) "IJ~II",l.·(I P 5: nYlIl) J~pyrll'< npl1~1epa yPorphyr()g, IJe cerirl1. UTA. . J

H.GBeOeH.O.,~tnnantcy", jep ce II ueuu -uuiuno oa He uoscetiuiiiu OP)IKtlllje. Ho, )'IIOJHOBlllll ce, iipu ltpe8obelb)'JOBal-lOBe tieceoe, ll36JlliJICe ca l-beHO}'f C{IOPJIClll-lO.:\t, uanas­llAt oa Jlastipoc neua upaeo, Bell oa ie II J06(II-I, KOO uCxonapuie, uaueuuo C60i)' tieceoy l~OP)' Konciiuiniiusn».EBO IlJ (lela iiio usnasu:

Petl,.):(ecnOT" uutuo ie /-COOBusaniiutnaua )' 006aIoeaua Eeienuxa, ceu Af./lofjez sua-testa «oie CMO naiipeoiiouenynu, uio jecii! ceM snanen.a uaieuiue onoauuse(UlllUYJle iiocne uapcxe, ioui yee« II ciiiapo snonene"rocnonap", )' C.~-flIC.n.)J "ltp)KaBHII nornasap ". t,~ap "TaKaB ie CIlyna], ua iipuuep, )' ciipoeoouou 11lIC.~iY,xoiu«ie Cxonapuie iiocnao l(ap)' Konciiicuiiiuuy ieoa« iipeiiucceoie yiiieuiue tieceoe, 06paliaj)IIiLl ..~t)'ce OBaKO: ..nOllILIIO

Cll Beli iiiaxo useoneo, necnore \iOj CBCrrJI. nenexroxon:I~ape. " Oseeuono, J,~ecn01'C CSC'I'll,. sna-ut iu)] ..rocno­napy CBC1'H" OHaKO uciiu: KaOJ na iipuuep, Y AtOA6ll C8e­

ili020PCK02 catiopa 00 1198. ioouue eusaniiiuicxou uap»Aoexcuiy /11AII2eJl)', zoe ce Oil MOJlII oa llOKAOHUsaiiyciuenu XLlJUlH.Oap utuueu Ca. Cuueony II Ca. CaBlI, it

ioe Y llolLelUK)' ciiioiu: "Ycyb )'j),lill ce MLI H.eoocl71ojNecnvie it uonuiueenuuu iiieoia cunnoi it ceeiitoi uapciiiea,iioouocuuo iiiu 08)'/dOJl.6)1, nCcnOTCIIaIU CBC'I'll, "2/ Ilpeua

Crtt KJ11IJ/l - BJ.-!3AHTl'!lCK,4 llAPI111A

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66

>::npc80A EafCHIIK()He Gecene. ca npoupat lIJ1f11()6jallJlhClbll~ta. D..

Auacracnjcuuh JC OGJDOIIO non HilCJ10BC)fllJ()III It'()/{ll r;('Ct!C)ll II()(IC)()(}..H cupiiu!Je'lel'~(1~/)nl(/11i Y .. 6pn~TBY" XXXI. 19~O.llf(II{, 1'1)',/

CII. Jla~16poc. :J611PI{Q IIJaol)(1 JCllll'IIl()I)IIJ~' ()IIIII'l"ltlflie l/a.'l('().'lUl{llfni'.'l()(f(Jlle.J(I, "l'Ol\t I. A'( 1111,1.1922. corp. 35,

yrA EECEll,A ie 00 ,..JGKOI{O.tPOH.IIIUe.IbO ".iiu: ieciii l(apCK02 iipaeosaciuyiinusa,baKOHa JOBaHa EBrCfIl'IKa'::, 6pa iiu: It u jeo-

nouuuuueu uca 211a8/t02 tiopu« Iipoiitu« dmopeniiiuucxe)'ltlJie I eipec K02 Muiiipoiio nuiiui Map KG E82euuxa.II peeeo ('QA1 je co 2PllK02 lTieKclua «oiu ie 06io6JbeH )'36J.111L(11 113Bopa sa JICTOPlfjy ]lIIH3C'1'11.ic TIanCOJIora 11ITCJIC)[JOHC3a 00 lIOK. iipotpecopa aiiiuncxoi ynueepeuiiie­iiia CII..na\t6pOCa,)1 ilio)'IY I, usoaiiio» Roc.ie JlnutipocoeeCAtpifill )' AlUlilllL 1922 (ClTip. 56-61).

Kao uiilio ce euou us caue J08a/L08e tieceoe, II iiu:ie ,.)'lTtellllla pen" jeono» 00 Jeneuuuux cuuoea lt08000.AtCA1Pill u «eioee MOlTiepe. A iiouuiio )' IIOC;108») iuuue..necnory fI, Ilautipoc ie CAla iIipao «ao iio Y,JOaH020 00 jelTin j Jeneuuu CLlll ieoau 00 beojuue ),tJlabe 6pahe uapaK~/(cillalllTtlll1.a, unu aLI~~~l(lTipllielll1 u TOA10, KO jt I C)'

saieouo C KOIIClTiOILlullllO},t uaoxueenu uaiiiep, a uocunu(.')' iTlOO(lllll-b)' uaieuury BlLJGHIUlljCK_\' IUllllt)IIl)' .. (Jecllolu ".

«oja ce oceana uapcxuu pObal(II.~ta1/ nuuu»..ta «nesceecuoipal-lin. naM6poCOBO ca« suuun.eu.« ,)'(.'80jl£0 u ja )' tope-

•

68

-HIUllHa.Ceu iiioia, )J peuenoi iionoeuuu ceo]e tieceoe

saxiiiee« Eeieuu« 00 ueuueuoeauoi Ie.ienunoi CLIHa iouiII iiu: 00 00 Boia it 00 JaKOHO oapoeauy ..\1)' 8.1{IClIi yiio­iiipetiu Itt )IOPO oe..iehu iionoscaje II 0P)'20 ootipa iipa­BlfLlIIO, iiuuco oa OPllCLTiOKPOlTiCKO J\fOfblIHO He ootiu]« C)'­

euute, ueio oa 6,lloe stipuuyiiui It ociiiana HapOOHO Maca.Hu ilio Ice 611 uoiao Eeieuu« 30,tlTiea{llUll 00KOflCLU{IHIUllHoee MJlobe tipahe ililltflilupllia u TOAte, «oieje Kouciiuuuiiun iipouseeo sa oecllolue, ueio 00 CO.«02uapa Konciiianii) una.

Kao )' Cxonapuieeoi tieceou, uiaxo II )' Eeie­IlLIK080j, inaeuo je peiiioputca, a uciiiopuicsux iiooaiiia­«a It.WO lU)' }da.J10. Ieoan CJ\~Oeel: IloJweIJ)'J1LI. To ie 00 ie

Ienena itoc.ie tbnopeniiiunci:e ynu]« (1../..19), L1P80ustiauima CllIIO, uapa Ioeaua VII I, KOill ie sa «n,ynuo iiiy)11£ll;)I, IlJ iioueuuxa iipaeocnaeuux; anu 00 ce ()OL{flllje II

OHa oasut )'aeplttltll )' llolTtpe6)' Yilitie C I(QLltO.llllL(ltMG J602oiiacuociiiu 00 Typoxa, 110 ce £1 ('GM{l ospeuyna iipoiiiue60POl(0 J{I iipaeocnaene, lIJ,,~feb)!ociiianoi u itpoiitueIoeana EB2efll1KG. Ilopeo iiioia ce )' tieceou Eeieuuxoeo]iiouuu.e it ueuuuo uuuo ce 110 ceoi iipunuu« iiiuue nac.t. HeKI1o~ napnapa .., 30 «oie OH KaJICeoa I/OK HLl OHII Helie

00 tl)'j)1 JO yuui», iia uu 30 llPlIBllOIL)', C(jaKaKO CMO lviil

Cptiu it uaut 13)lpab EPOHKOBllli.

iiioue, II )' Ha('.108)~ Joeanoee tieceoc, He .;\101)0 ce iioo,,}~eCll0rro~1,. llOOpoJ)'Ate8allLll ieoau or) oea peuena 6pailiaKOI-ICLUaHillllllOBa, Ben ce ,J~10JlCeL100{)n<J)'~We6(llTiII u C{IJ~tuap

Konciiuiniium. A ()a ce sauciiia OH iUl' It sauuuuu; Iioscsy-•

ie JOCllOuapo-tuiiio Op)12aiionoeuua tieceoe. £80 KGKO:

Y iiu: i iionoeuuu Joeau iTtpOJIClLor) IlelIAteH0(30J-l0 2CltHO Je.(leHIIHa bee ciiieapu. leona ie, oa 6eJ 00.(I(12aI'60ysune (p.llopellLltllftCK)' yuuiy ceoia iioxoinoi tipaiiio,uapa Ioeana VIII, it oa l(PK8)' epauu: )1 Llpa80CJ1a8,J'be C(302

Ol{a Mauoina II. Jep he LuaKO otcaiaitu! suiiiiepun ipex,KOjl1 ie ONa )'IIIIHllJla iipuuiaeiuu II caua ynuonuctiuuui,.~1aoo je ua iiipe, J602 yuuje, (faK It cuua loeaua 6ll.flO LIC­

K.Ib)"fllJla us iiouena iipaeocsaeuux. A iiiaxo lte Ilaj60fbe300080JbLllUll II O)'lile ceoje 6pahe esaoanaua. Kao (1{lltOce iio cetiu pasyue, uu oecllolu Iluuuiiipuie nu oeclloiliToJrt0, Alooa ce nucy cnaianu c YJ-lLlioA1,ue 6ll je uoinu)'Kllli}'lTtll, iia, oaxne, uu Eeieuu« ue 6Lt uoiao uiakouiuioioi: iUpaJKlliul1 00 u.ux, ueio CQAtO 00 epxoeuoi bp­JICa8flOi iioinaeapa, n.uxoea 6paiTla uapo Konciiia-

(·PIIKf/llh.4 -RI'f.'3.4JI·"I1.!C'KA J{APl1l[AA. Auucracujcnuh

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Xpucoeynsa uapa Konciiianiiiuna Xl IlaneonoiaIlpaiauia, LI30aiTia Il)J6po8IlL(KY 1452.

(T. Ocrporopcxn, Hciuopnia Busaniiuue, Beorpan, 1(59)

ajcnaroscpunja MIl ]1 Haj6oroJl)y6HBlIjH

Focnonapy - a fIOIIJTO cy HajBHTTIC JiI naj-• •nparoueunje on CBliX 'I'B()j11X BpJIIIHa C

•Je~HC CTpaHe QHCTa Ii nOY3naHa Ha~a iii HCKpCHa nepa

xojy 11~falII y Bora, C npyrc nax CTpaHC IflfTO~I()CT 11

6JIar()C'I', KO.iO~J ce He cauo 110npapona onnaxyjeui, Heroce Ii rpynnm na je ua neJIYnOKa)J(CIJI,vorao 611X,~aKJle,nch JlOnaTIT rOPJh¥I~f IJa3IIBH~Ja jour II Haj]106pOAYUllfJljHIf Haj6na)l(H, If Oaora Jenner R Je}lJlJIOr Ilotipor IiIBnaror uajncrannrujn Jhy611'rcJbY! AOUJao 'I'll jc OllCT

'1'PCHY'J'aKAa cc IIOKa)l(Crn uotiap nornasap II rocnonap,unpcropyxa cavcnnanap nan CJIeIIH~1CTpaCTH]\1a, npann

• •snauanau, y~{aH xao KaKaB JYHatIHIf BO]BOAa npHJIHKO~1

onaCIlOCTM iii 6lfTKe, liJIIl xao neurr xpxrap y tracyHCnOrO}lC, 6ypc R OJIyjliHC~ HJII1 xao acxycaa ncxap yreurxoj II CMP1'HOj 60nCCTH. Iloinao 'I'll je oner TpeRYTaK,cnyuaj Ii nonon, saucno He HC3HaTaH. HTTTlf CHTITlljn

scronn ~iHorM npebatrrn.a, na lf3HCCCUI na BH)~CJIO

BCJT~ltI"Hy, Y3BHIlleH()CT If ja-rnay cpua 11 Aa o-nrryjeiu3aXBanHOCT npcua Bory IIC'J'prIJbHBOC'I', KaKO6J.1 Hecauoce6Jtl Ca~1()~1KOPHCTlfO, IJJTO CRaKJ-Ion nac 06(ltlfllfX JI>ynH)!(CJIH~1() CC611. U KaK() 011 cc caste BCH~C~1 BCtIHC cnascMI1CJ1CHO3aKH'J'Ho, Hero KaKO 611 M f£3Hal\ 06~lllHor CBeTa

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7372

•AOrO~HJIa no npapona, TO 3Ha'ITI He cairo ua JC oua, xaollOBCl[aHCKO 6~lhc, Ii xao 110AJlO)KHa TOj sa Jby~CKH pon

orunroj xasnn, 6RJIa nY>KHa cnenonarn Ii 3aKOHJ,ltvlanpnpone. Hero M na jc. O]lCJ1Y)l(I1BllIl1 CJIY)J(6y xojy jc O~

• •IICTII Je cny-ra) can H ca lbeH}Itvf cxonuarsea.

IIITo ce TMtle oaor npyror, TO jeer }~a cc C'I'Bap

• •JIO, aal.IliH nonauraa,a, )J(HB01', pel] - CRe je TO 3aJC~HO6HJIO KOA H,e OAJTWIHO n 6o.>I<je6prrrc rrOTllYHO uocrojao.11 xao llITO jc lhCHO )l(HBOSalhC uyuo npoxacna 6o>Kjer,

•llITO OAa.Jc caKpl1BCHO l\1y)KCBC1~BO Y naxra fJ ua lily•yayrpaunsy CTaJIO)l(Cl(OCT M HCITOn)ana cnyrauy Y aauroj

AYlllIf THllll1HY 11 ~lliPf[ohy.MCTflHa, He 6JITfi CaCnI1l\1 6ecTY)l(aH 11HeOCCTJhWB,

HHKO Tlf He npcuopy-iyjc. Jcp TOaaje -rone-mo, nonrro jenecaocehan,e >KHBOTIIlbCKa, HCJlJIe~(CHJt'ra If on Harnenpupone nancxa ocofiana, HHTH je mra-re IIOXBaJIHa. A3aTnl\t~ H KaKO 6~1rn TaKaB r..forao 6U(1'11, xan nco CBCTOKO Te6e cynenyje Y rnojoj nOTIIIIlTeHOCTR Ii 60ny, IIsajenao C To6ol\1 ounaxyjc OIlllI'rI1 ry61ITaK! Y~lepeRo,

nax, J(a ee aspunaur II HCIIJlalreUJ, 11na uaur OJlYJIIKCIIPllpO~If. xonnxo je pen, ITa 3aTH~1 na nary oner cnecpn­HO onani 38XB8JIHOC'I', xao H na ofianmrr, lUTO npnrmsra HTc6u caMOM H noxojuoj ~Ia'rcp¥I 'f11 w fOCIIOljl1: C'I'O TO jeOH(), aa II (T() rrc CUll ~fOJIJ,1~10Ii upcxnuacao 11LllTO TI1 npccscra Cal\-lce6~1nyryjem, KaKO 6fT ce f[ can nOTBpnHJIa OHay cnnxa ocranuu 11CKYlUClbll~la OCBCAOlICHa nyrorp­TIlhHBOCT H Heo6li'IHa 113J~p)l(Jb1-1Bocrl' rsora uotipor cp~a

Illro ce rnae onor npuor, rrocrojn jenaa H3pCKa,

xoja ce OCHJma sa ny60Kll:\f H uajnenorpciuanjux naunurysepcrsnna. A 1'0 jc, ~a scpauxa, Haj6oJbR)1a iii najrrpac­HHjll~faBory, xao fOA IllTO In1 OTT onpebyje CBe nrro axCHana3H y ~eJIO~i )J(KBO'I'y - a jacno je na je 6am 0 H>JiIMape-reuo: .Baua cy lIaK H CBe A.I'1aKe na rnann H36pojaIIc"- lICTO TaKO H]\1 OR onpchyjc H xpaj, 1'C lbHXOBa Cl\1PT6llBa 110 TherOBY 6narOBOJbefhY. H TO ne Cal\10 xaoyuanpen nosaara, Hero xl xao npenonpehena, ,QOKHaupo­THE 061flIHY CBCTHHY, xoja )l(HBH nepasyauo, 011nperrynrra cprry 011IlITe npnponc. Ho, Y OBe je neuao­cnasae Tocnobc 3a~eJIO CBC H3BPCHO:sepa, nena, nopex-

•cranaocr, llSPC'fliHY 11 JCnaH RCTIl CTaB Y OKOnHOC'fH1vla,

•Je,qaH TaKO JICTI uaner ca naruapa OI30ra CBeTa JI osoracyjeraor )l(IIB()'ra~ HlI'I'J.l nax f\a CC 60raTCTROl\[ n 6JIarO~1

lIOBHX H CTap~JXIICTlfHa. xoje ell AaBHO ca6pao Ynynrn, Hell()CJlY)Kl111I can Ka~ jc T3pC~Je.A TO jc ~a, xao urro 'I'll CCY paAOC'I'11~1a If 3anOBOJbCTBIIl\1a Kp03 >KHDO'f He sarsaHlIKaKO nOHCTJI. TaKO ru HH Y rcrotiaxra 11)KaJ]oCTII~(a He

rpcea KnOHYTH.,Hero Y necranaocru IKHBOTa ca'IYBa1'11

II rrpapone, H KaKO 6R ce suncno na cn upasu HacneJ(IDTK

MYf{pOC1'H11SPJIllHC 06a~Ba T~i ponwren-a, a 11 KaK() 611Eor 6110 npocnaan.en, on xora je JhynIIl\la CBaKlI napcanprncH .

Tpu cy~naxne, crsapn napo-raro -jtexa jc M canxacr 6pojy Tpojnue - xoje Te nosanajy Ira C1'pnJbClbC 11AYIlleBHY xpaopocr, To cy: ~a je norahaj osaj BOJha

6o)f(ja~ na je Hac'rYII110 110upapouu, 11~a ce He na H3l\lCHfI­TH.

IIOCTao camra npnuep nynreuuc xpa6pOC'I'H, II06ybllBat)cnera npoturrauuor 11 oripasau ~f y30p anOCTOJICKesanouecrn 0 3aX13aJlHOC'!'11 aa csa ll~~1.He rpefia, naxne,na npencepcrncm ~raKaB TpetI}'T3K, Hl'ITll ,qa rrponycruur

C'PllKJ1lhA - B/t[.3AHTI1JCKA ILA1)1111A)J.. Allacracujcunh

7574

22 Y II'JAUtby runuc "npcnopyuyje Anu csrucao UIICBIfAHO JaXTeSa"'ia6pall)yjc ".

,anananausou ncneyuy, na crora cncnyj nocnyuruo ).(11-

BHlf~f 60)Kjll~t O)~JlIIKa~ta. I) npnxraj II )Kenll lICKPCHO, IUTOBor xohe, a nexroj }l(ene'l'll II C OABpaTHOOJhy II01'IiyHOOJ\6~ljaj llITO je r01\ If Ibe~IY He~UiJlO. A TO je 1£11'0ron H

OR II npapoua 3a6paJhyjc22. Jcp 611 61lJIO npaso na, xaourro Ha~J jc IhCH OBJ(aIllH>H ){(IIBO'f pabao CBaKII~l J(06pO~1,11CTOTaKO 6YAC sa Hac xopucran 11H)eH OAJIa3aK y lICTlfH­CKII )J(lIBOT,

Yrncnaj CC, noumsyhn. Ill'I'O HO Ka)KY. onnouersora, II ua scpy n na nCJIa ne-mocnaanc rt)CIIOljC Ii

srarepc TIl, KaKO 611 He caxro rrCJ101\1, nero H AYXOM 61-[0

IbCII npanu ClIJ) , nOIIITO TeK TO otiannojc cavmsasa H

•

onuuasa 6(»)l(jcra l[C)BCKa, IJ IIOlli1'() je, y He,nOCTaTKY. ']eJ{1IOra on rora JlBOJer. 01(0 npyro 1\fPTB(), HCIIPC)1l3BO,UHO

n 3a.iIYJ~Ho,Yrncnaj cc II aa ocrana a.ena upcusryhcrsa,na II aa }heRO crpmsen-e y xanocrnva II Ira IhCH)'nytnesny xpafipocr )' uccpchaua. Cchaj CC lbeHI1X

Jllf'lHRX KpaCITHX H nCTI1TIo.n)y6JIB~lX pCtII1 () 6CC1\Jp'1'HOC'1'11

AYWC II 0 onurrcu nacxpccn.y. Yrnenaj cc aa fbCHY aexa-,

nannsy pesaocr sa npany sepy II ua TO KaKO Je ona panalbe 'IaK cnora ClIHa II uapa, II TO TaKO xpaciror cana, KaJ\je OH 6110 CKpCH)'O na crpannyrmty, 11nonyurrac Aa cne­uyje 'l'aKBll~lcatinasuaaa. JI111lll1Jla110~lCHanpaaocnannux.nperrrocrannnura npnponnoj ~faTepHHcKoj n.yriaannpHBp>KCHOCT Bory. AKO jc, nax, OHa uounujc, 3,l'I'0 W1'0

je 6nna rrpnaybeaa 11 onaxuu aaseneaa cancraxra phannxynpann.aua, HeKOJJI11(HHYH)IIX. ~lelj)l xoje 61iX CC ~1oraopaxyaara II ja, aeurro srano YBpCAI1Jla, npenannru 6o)l(jy

, ,

npxay yBOT{HHI{H~la I10BOTapHJa, xrana TC n.yne naje ~la-, .

pana, T~I raj fbCH srarsax ncno HaKHaAH, 11nocrapaj CC ua,najyhn, TIOnpanannoj 60)J(j()j onpenrin, pyKy ITO~fOhHl-ITZY

•H3HeMornoJ crpaua, ucupasum ouacuy norpcurxy, aaxojy cy 6e3 cy~flbe noaa jaunie KplIBII caun OCHIIBatm rux

, ,

HenpaBOCJJaBHRX HOB01'apIJja: n tlyBa] OTatlKO npano-

cnasn,e KOHCltlHOAO JIOCJlCAfhCr uaxa. A cauysahcur fa HC

cauo ocrajyha y a.exry, xao urro nOHeKJ.:t~fYAPyjy, HRTIifcasro H)\yftH y3 a-era xao H,erOB cneJ(6eHrIK, Hero H6paHcfi11 ra, 60PCBH CCaa n.cra xao n.croa npsooopau, 11cascsuaxyjyha panu !hcra ca InCf()BH~l IIOKJIOH~H~la,.,TIO,[(BIIKHTI 3BepOBII~fa nepa: y3l\.11f H3 ce OKJlOrr n llTIIT~1l:iCnCHII If YCTaHH ~fr1)' novoh", onouan.e TC XPJ1CTOC n

upxsa, "TprHl1 ca6Jb y 1~}'X() BHy H jypnn IIP()'J'HB MOjHX

n.c rpaxno >KlInO'r, ua ()[IUITY KOPIICT ~Ii npouceura }\OBO­Jl,HO BpC~'ICIIa y nars.axra onora CBC1'a, na J(OCTIrrclBWll}~yGOKy C'1'ap()C1'. Il ()CJl()OOAlfRUJll CC HGBOJba c'raI)OCTTI. H

1'() 3ajC]{HO ca jom nexonuxua SCJlIIKll}'J 60ro.rb)'Ill~ll~ta Ii6()rOJby61I'rCJJ>Ka\la, raxmn: ucrun xao ona, xropana

, ,

Ha.l'3aJ'jcnuo» nnaTl11'TI onurrn Jby~CKII J\3HaK ITPJlpO~IIII~13~f11pl1'rll upaan-um Ii fTeJI36e)J{HII uyr. xao 11 IICKYCliTllII1'r() je He~IJJHOBHO3(1 CBC IIU'rO!\fKC AJla~IOBc AU aac,

Illro CC. nax, ru-re osora rpcher, '1'0 jCCT urro13CJIII~10 na jc noraba] on 'I'clKl~IIX xojn ce He xrory113~leHll'1'lf,'I'll H can snam na npcrepaao )KaJIlf'l'll ~fryfO­narn aa H3ry6J])eHII~la~ II 360r rora rOTOBO o-rajasaru Ii

rpynarn CC sa l:J,II~ra, TIJ noxyuraaarn Aa cc npenaaueo~pcn6e npnponc, C(\CBII~I jc necnojcrseuo Blf'J'ClIlKO~J H

C PIIKIIIf>A - Hfl:JAfl'I'tJ,fC'KA IlAPl1UAA. Auacracnjenuh

7776

,

3aK()Ha nc11IY "1'11BJIaCT, Ma K()J1l1Ka.~'la xa KI~a II{ .f\,(a xojer

• •urro CC 'J'11tIC '!'BOJlfX Ae.TJa. CDIIl\I3 CBOJl1M AIIBlllrl~f TIOABH3-•• •rf~fa ~ona.JM ODa] y canaum.ocru, KOJI-I uapo -urro ca CB()~1

HconXO'~IIO['Ihy H3HCKyjy IIpIIJ1MKC, na f\;IHOre~ IIJIM ynpa­BO CBC r[()J~aHRKe csojc upzcauc H36anH on >Ka.l10CTII,6oJIa, porrran.a, II()BJIKe ~I cnaKOnpCH}IX ~1yK(1, ~I IIp~f6aBH·3ajcAJ.llf1IKY panocr 11 CJl()6l)}~Y cnnaa. On Bora 11 0)(Ilnan Llapuipaoa l/,l J -120.

r{)HIJJ1aJ~a''. Taxo heur it Bora JIP()CJIclBMTH. ~II~rJ(B~1hemnovohu, H cc611 hCIII najnnrne yromrrn, 11 uyure hewcnoje fipahc 11 BJlaAaJI(lI~a '3aJ{oROJI)fTTTI, nl)IIIT() ce, xaourro acupccraao cnyurasto, Bor Hl1lle~I)' ronuxo HC

•panyje, KOJIJIKO nonpanun 11 cnacen.y lIOBCKa,pauu xoraje Ii nocrano ucno Cscro nncxro ~fnena cnera 'rc11Ha.

Mp3}1 113 AHa uyiuc If cpna cyjcrne cancrc 6e)UIllXIby61I'l'Clha caxo onora cnera, xoju crpaxyjy ()A -rcra Herpetia crpaxonarn, a aa Bora Jl sa 6yAyli}1 )l(1IB{)1' uirrnrrrro ~1HC.I1C, HH'J'li urro pane. Fnc je rasro crpax O,[l

Jlarnna? I'ne rpener, 6()ja)l(lbJIB()CT If onacnocr OJ(

Typaxa? III Ta~10 je jCJ{JIHO Ouaj crpaurau, K()j11~ IlO1lI1~O

Hac yC~1pT~I, M~ia BJIaC'r na uac Oal\11 Y naxao. Harne jc,nax, IIpaBI-lJIIIO H snpano ~{~'IllJbelbe ua fiche ()A flamernpasocnaun,a, H1ITH OJ{ KOHatIHe OA6paH~ 11 ()IIC'raHKa

lhcrOHa, IlOfiH Y onaCHOC'1' natu aapon II nama ()Tau6HHa-TO He ~IO)l(C 611'1'11;HC[() ()l\ uaonaxe l(PKBCHC IIOJ1II'J'.llKC

Ii OJ( 113rHaH)a Bora 11 lbcroaa npouacna li3 HarneAP)l(anc 36()[ OBaKBor xpnnoucpja, y xojc lIaK 11MHCKH Oll

• • •eapsapa Ire npHCTaJY uu na BCpYJY HII J(a ra penjyHCII0BcAajy. HlfT" na noxyrnauajy 611'flf jCJ{HOH31Iy"pa. aHelITTO npyro cnorsa.

TOJIHKO 0 OTatIKOl\1 '('11 JIpaBOCJ1aBJJ,y If nepa. A

('PI! j ....J11bA- BH.3AHTUJ('KA 1111PflllA

•

79'78

23 Y U'jflUlhY rnuuc ... WT() je p,1oryhc". AnI! cxnrcao (.)'[CBIIAH{) TPU>KH: .,IIITOce 11"1~lcKyjC".na je 1'UK() 6ej cyl\llbe crajano II Y npB(.)6IrrHI.)~1rp'IKO\1 PYK()rtHCy.

•BClJHOC'j', ~laJ\a CMU xparxorpajaa II ~·(anOBCtIHII,~Isypehn aenpccrano C Ha~O~f y 6ynyh1IOCT, IIa xpajy3aTCKJIIJ y ()fTaCH()~1 DOJIO)J(ajy, na 6YJ~C~ll) HCt\10hHlf aa

()AnyKY! Ilourro je )J(11BO'f xparax, nexa CC JIOAapI! Ha]\Ja.xoju ronnxo l\IHOrO narmro, HeKII, xra II Kpa'raK oncjaj. AaKC) 611 ce. npn T01\1, cny-rajao fI()HeKO~f, Guno 113 HCKC

•CBHJY uac,

• •I~C.rIO ynocrojasa upaaauao IIa)l(lhC 11 acre, KOJ,l onro-

• •sapa CB,lKO\f nCJIy, Jep ce n nemma cacrojn 113 nenona.,IJ.OKllC be cc nponyxirru OBO sa Hac TaKO >KaJIOC­

H() crau.c C1'BapII? Illra he Ha~f CnaKOl{HCnHO JIOTH­Ul'I'CH()C1'. jcn, 60.Tt! ponraa.e, xryxa. ysnnca H)C, nna-r,331ICBKa IJjayx, na ce IlocnY>KH~10 pe-uuia Cscror [IIIC~'Ia?Ilene ca yotnrtajenrnr onnaran.eu! HCKa ce jenHo~fnpc­xmre ca tIC~,(epIIB~1cyrpal HCKa najiau csa HC CJI,lTKOnauacl HCKa 6y;,e W1"O CBD C HCCTpJIJLClbC~f HIIItIeKyje­~fo23,KaKOCC He 611C~,tO, nyurra jyha ua uponasa \llf'raBa

•HCli3J1e'lHBa. 1'ana je Cy~{JI)lfBO Jla nc 1IaC'1'YIlll 11uorny uanornoao. TlI~l, ~aKJIC, ASa1\1a BCJlliKJI~t ~eJ1II~fa.0 TI1IIaj60Jbl1 fvlC~Y rocnonapnua. rr01'pYJ{II CC l\a yxpacumcsoj lIeCTIITli 11 cjajna )1(IIBO'r6C3 uan.ux ounarau.a IIOJ{Yf()BJIa'ICl-ba, KaKO 611 ce, nOKa3aRIUJI ce na raj nannnOIIW'J'Oj 3ajeAHHUH J{p)J(ane OrrIJIT~1 nofiporuop H nyuia IIrena, yxpacuo nnocrpyxaa BCIII~1111a~I OJ~ Bora II OA

•HCKlf OT{ CTl()PCflIIJIJ fIX uenosa Tcna, nero HCKa ce ono

•3Ha([ella; lIe onnmne, HJIfI r01'OBO CBC~1aJr)lrll~I,Hero nexaItJ npcuoh KOA l\1,lllllIlIe 6y~e pa3Y1\111a II upann-ma, a ~JOC1'an,1 xtaca nexa jc, KonHKO jc ron ~1()ryhc, 30pJ.[Hy'ra.He rpcfia J~a cc, saro WTO cc 'l~la 3)~p(lI~O ()KO llnM HOC

•11nll pyxa, 3aHC~'JapY.1e sora nnn npcr (fJll1 HOKa'r ann

norpcurxc. llJ111 113 xaxne rrpeTcpalTC crpacaocrn.,uorOJ{lIJIO H nonerrrro nrro ~lyHelie 611'1'11npano. xao ITJTllTO, nariorxrc. II {[HalIC 611Ha l\lcljy JllYUII~ra, 60JT,C je na cc

•rpojaua 111111 -reraopnna IIan,Y1C, aero na cc csu n01'}Je-cajy. Jcp OHO}IITO je sa xrano l-bl1XOOJ1HO, 6C360ITHO je. fJ

naxo ce CT~IIIIa na, nOW'I'O 113,131113<1ocehaj xparxe He3-

rone, xao ua IIPli~1Cp npn ~'lecTlI~Ill'rHlf~1 nospcnaaa.Ann KaA pana saxnarn rorono I~C:IO 'rCJI(), 1JKclA JI()C'raHe

()IICCfa oua 6IIJI,1, xao scpaa uoxroynpaunrcn, uoopo 11

xtynpo ynorperin, ~oJ(eJl)yjyhTJ cnaxoxr nrro \fY [lOJIIIKyje,

HC ~1())I(f(a xonuxn CBaKIl )[(CJIJf. HCf{) K{)Jl~lKO rrpllpoJ(a•cruapn saxrcna n KO.iIHKO AOTIT\lHIl nonoxaj mra

('PI I KJ1lbA -11l'I:J/111·fJ1.!C KA UAPf111AA. AHtlC'racujcBuh

HI80

~ .npCBOJ{ 6cCCAC nopba fCt.fllC'1 a, ca ()BO~I 6C.lJCWKOl\1 KOJY Jll)I!()CIt\tO Y

fljBOJ\Y. Anacracnjeanh je ofijuuno y ..6pacTBY" XXXI. 1941. II()J~ aacnoaoxrTpeh« IIOC.ul}ITifin 6eceoa Je.1('JIlI J(/JlIZ(flllf!ll(Jj. /Haii. )'p./

2-1 0 Ihc~1yuuneru : A. n Jlc!ot!AeBa. I1Cl/IOPIII/. onepcsu cocti: BII.JaHlTi.

OOCIUO'/. llerJ1\611 ... MOCKBiJ. I !)()2. 2. I1:lA. 279. 11A.25 K Jupeuex, MClltOI)II/l[ C',Jfia (npenco J. Panonuh). "Iu. II, Bcorpan

lV23. crp, 79.Iloeen.a ((OPO KOllclTialllTillllO Xt Ilpaiatua XIIJl{1110ap)J

(n.1Jopl)~'h,Hctuopu]a cpitcxe hupunuue, Beorpan, 197L)

•

PE71A EECE1(A je 00 cjJLlJ10JOcjJa iino:iiionu-uipa XV BeKG Eopha I'caacra-,11poJ6all02 fIJII1TOHa24 UO J-bei080M

.rb)16Il.iW l()', ciiuipoopeenou Ilnaiiion )1. 11J0080Ha ie euuteiiyiiui, HO naiiocneiiixy Ll Ilaj60lbe 00 [lOK. OlULtllCK02itpotbecopa Crr. Jlaxrripoca.j' n.eioeo] 361IPI~11CIlO~1eHli­xa sa acropajy Ilaneonora II Ilenonoucsa (III, ATJ1Ha1926). 3HalltHG ie napo-uutio LLO iiioue lLLlUO 113 !beLL31lG3ll 00 ce Ieneua Ilpaiaiu yoana 30 8113aHUtllicK02uapa Manoina 11 Ilaneonoia, lie iipe 1391. ioouue, KaKOie uucnuo Jllpellex25, ueio unu 1391, unu ).10JICOa II

neuuiio oounuje, neioe )1 Meb)'8peAtell)' 00 1_191. 00 1394.200LtHe (iiocne cepcxoi catiopai].

8382

20 nOTII8SIlJU jow npe XPUCT2I nOJ\ Puun.aae, H HacnC,[lUUILlU :xrrl1~t nonponacra P.'~tIbal-la P~I~1CK()uapcrso, Fpua cc jow Oil, cpcmser OCKU,no HCKa·AtlWfblft.1 cnojm« rocnonapuaa P.iP.1Jo31JUfo,ta,H331fBajy PJ't.tJhau.1 (•.Poueju"), ua~1 caoj jC:JU.K ~1 cnoje HaCJle~eHO PIlfo,1CKOU.aPCTBO lI}lU Bmanrujy If csojeuapese :.iOBYpJ-l~1CKH~j("poMejcKHfo,,"), ()HaKO UCTO xao urro cy ce. H3 npuaep,6yrapCKJ1 CnoBcHII, no cBOjH~1 UCKaJl8111fbnM rocnonapnaa, TypCKJI~'Byrnpaxa, npOJBUJ111 6yrnp~l,a n cnoj CJ1()UeHCKll}l.lIjaneKaT crann cy Ha'JII­uarn 6yrapcKlf",1. H csojy AP>K3SY 6yrapcxou: lI11ft xao IUTO cy ce PYCKIICnosenu. no CBOjHI\' rocnonapnaa, repxancxn» Pycnaa, npeU~1eHOBaJ11I yPyce. Ha:JHnajyhll ~I csoj je:!JIK P),CKUM 11CBOjy npxaay PYCtljO!\1; JilIn xao urrocy 11,1'1'.11111 y lIeK8Jtallitboj PU\1CKOj ran ••[n. no cnojuv AOl~HI'ljU~t rocnonapuaa,repaaucxuv (l)palll~~ll\tl1,YCBojllJl11 Ul\(C <1>paHLlY'jll.souyhn It cnoj je:J~IK ¢pnH-4yCK~1~t,~tcsojy )\P)f(£lSY <l>paHLl,ycKol\1.~laAa cy II AClJbC OCTanJ1 Jl 3THHI1.

•PTHOCT nyure Jbyucxe, upocra tIKII CO].

ETO OA 'fora je napona 61iIO orau uapaue xoja jecan rrpOMeHHJIa cBeTOM, a 6ellle TO B nnananan orinacrnHe 6e3HatlajI-Ie npa pC~H Bapnapy, qHja BOlla cnana CvlC1jyuajoon,c H aajsnpaunje PCllHC B()Ae sa nahe, 6YAYftll R. .. .. . . ..

Cal\1 jenaa O~ HaJJYHaTIHHJl1X I1 Ha]IIpaBe,[(HHJHX JhyT(T1 11OA• • •HaJBepHHJHx y OmJOCH~1auacnpaa npajaren.a.

Pohena OA raxsor oua, OBa ce ~1aTH HaIJ[HX nape­sa R KHe>KeBa ynana sa H,0:XOBa oua, lttlliOrO smner TIO

paary H no CYJ.{6HRCK01v1YAecy HCrOJIli lbeIrn ponaren.n,

jep je He caxo caM 6HO xpacaa 11nan-an nap, ITa fI nOTOMaK•He ~1aJJOrHH3a TaKBYX HCTHX uapesa, Hero JCH naposao

HaA OBHM HalIIHM PMMCKHlvl flapoAoM20, 0 tII1jeM 611 nexa­

JJ;aIIIllieM uncrau.y, a yjeJ1HO H BPJIIIHH, 6HIJO CyBHIIIHO ro­BOPHTH, [IOIll'fO TO ueo CBeT 3Ha. Ho anax, Gap TOJIHKO

Helie OBOM npHITHKorvl 6HTJ1 CyBMIJIHO nOl\feHYTH, na, HaKOje y ~eJIOKyllHOM apexeay xoje ce naMTH, 6HJIO MHoronpscaaa H uapcrasa, remxo jc aaha ~1axoje, rne cy apna-

• • •na H IJ;BeTaI-beY TOJIHKOJMepli HlIIJIe sajemro, xao Y crapo]PH~1cKOjAP)l(aBH, rpajyh« yjenno Kp03 spno nyro npexe,

•ap ~fa'I'CPJlnauurx napcna II KHC)l(CBa, KO]a•

can ()AlTa311 H3 OB(Jf'a >KJ1BO'ra, fTHJe npCAHO•

0Aa1'~1 rroxnany, HJlIl aap raxo IDToroJ.{ HllJCnaxo sa xora 611110 xsanouojua? Ta saacra, HC ~fO)J(ecesutoro Hall" rI~aKBIIX KaO OHa MC~y OHH]\1a xoje cy p09CIJey raxsou crancxy, Hl-ITM cy ~1aJIo6pojHC OAlTHKe xoje cy

•H>O] npananane.

DHa jc, uan tvrc, no HapoAHOCT~[6HJIa Tpa -iauxa.Tpa-raua cy, IIaK, HapOJ~ KOji'I je Ii crap 11KOj}1 ce panyuay uajachc napone na cnery, He Cal\'IO saro urro C OBe

crpaae Ilyuasa )..{OlIIIPC O}1Ilpuora ~10p(1 CSC AO Hramrje,nero H 3aTO iIlTO IIPCK() Ilyuana \laK AO rra~forllH)eroxeaaa, 11 \IaKAO xorma xoje je r()'rOBO HCHaCeJbeHO 360rxnannohe, )l(FIBJI I1CTa 110 jC3HKY ca OElIMa OB~e HapO}1-aocr, A II OHa je ~11[Oro6pojHa, 11IlITaBHme, on osora jcorpauxa na OBOj crpaua AYfiaBa KYJJ:HKat.10 6pojHHja. ITa

.., .. .IJHje IIH nom JOIn 0,(\ C'I'apI1HC TaJ TpatTKH napon, nero JeIixpa6ap " nyxo« IIC Heo6pa3013clH. TaKO je, aa npaucp,EBl\10JITI, xoja jc KO~ ATltH)aJla 3a13CO CJlCBCI1tICKe CBe­

rxosnne sa crauau,e 6CCMP'I'HOC'rli nyure 6HO Tpauamnr,a neJI~Ice Aa cy If xop Mysa I'pun HaY\IHJlH060)l(al~aT}f OJ{Tpanana. Hapon, nax, KOjH cc xnaisa Mysaua, HI1je neyxHlJ aenpocuchca. HM1'Hjc OI-Iaj xapon KOjH uepyjc y 6eC1vf-

'BOP'BA fEMMCT A/1aoipotiuu »amoiio i Jeaeuu (11iiououu) II aneono iunu

ern KJ1fbl1 - BM3AHTl1JCKA llAPM I (A

8584

•nrmaua TaKO 11npscana. IIpaHl111X nOrIJUJIY\ta 11accp-tarm-j~~1clon OHlfX ITITO rajc cynporno yncpCtbc. 3aTll~1,

pClICJlO neponan,c jc n3)1(HO.Ilpe cscra. 110 Ca~101\1 'rO~l

• •

lIIJI)aTTI Ii 1'aKO, KaO na JC ro OJ~JIa3aKcanpmeuajcr 11rna-• •nmrjer naurer CaCTt)]Ka y IICKO lhe~.fyrrpHKJTaAHO ~1eCTO.

a HC xao Aa je TO yrnuyhc uenor namcr 6Hha. Jep jcOnaCII(1 acponaa,e cuarparn C~IPT sa yrnnyhc cseraaamer 6115a, 11KOn KOj~IX CC f(»)J. OHO nojanu, KaKO nojc-

27 Ilpeua 080.\t. Jt'IKJ1C.ouu ce YAa.1U. He IIpC 13~1. rOJ\III1C. xaxo J~\TIIC­J111(.)J upe-rex. nero UJ1lt 13YI. KJA je If>CH ~ty)f(Mauoj.ro J I Ila.teonor HaCn~f\1I0()L1.a. !tJ1!1 \la}10 f1(}CJ1C rora. (Y nCJII cu ()all\1 IlUIlCTIl CTp. 15-17. //lI11. )'/)).

2XIlonparyvcaa CC, O\ICHIIJ\II(). }lyr{)rplljlfa oncana ... ojoj je 6dja'JIIT non­nprao I~ClpHrpaft 13Y~.rOJ\IIIlC. uacxopo no ()CBOjCtbY Byrapcxe 13t)1. fOJlIfHC.

2~)l(elln rpuxor JYHilKil 111'1P()juIICI\()r para. xpan,n Onucc]» II.flJtl fa jc2(1 ronuna crpnrsuuo 'ICKrlni.l KOll "ync ()J46I1ji.1Jyhfl CIlC rrpOCH()I~C.Jll)K CCOH. .HIIJClIaJ~a!l "paTItO y Jl()~lorll[lIy.

•3Ha~10 na ona llHJCHIIKe\A IIJ1KO~1 nn OJ_(1bYJ~I1HH O~ )l(CHaY'IHHITna HJ.JKaKBO 3JIO, a Ao6p() ~1H()r11~1aIf on jennnx If OJ.{

upyrnx? }II xoja jc upyra rnasnnja OJ~nIIKa rtpanu-ntocrn,

•nOlII1'O JC Ha~la n}Y}l~If\I'l Y IIPIIpOT(Jl na Hli OCTane~1e~yco6He pacranxc ~1 ()AJTaCKe KOjH CC nciuanajy osneua 3el\tlI>H. a uapo-urro raxne KOjlI nsrnenajy J(a he 6111'1lno,uY)J(H, HC lIO~HOCHl\fO 6C36oJIHO, Ben CC, uauporas,6a][1 panyjeao na cao 6JlIi3Y ca uaum» t-,1HJIlrlMa,raxo naOH]::\a,cacsau npnponuo, 11360r uaumx ~lcljyC()6HHX pac­ranaxa ocehauo 6on. AJll-1 y~flJpalne If CpO):{HMKa Ii npa­jarersa IIallJI1X, xao J1Hac ca~11IX.rrpc6a raxohe 3a~1R-

•

nO'ICTKY BJIaJ~aBI{IJe napcxora napa, KaJ~ JC 11,1111rpan113Jlp>KaO HajnY>KY II HajCTPaIIJI1Iljy oncany-". AJlII jc onanapnna, xao IIJ'r() cy CBIl BMJ{CJlIl. He ~10)t(e 61fTl1 C1'p-

• •Jlfl,IiBII]e ~lyIJIKH C1-[OCJIJI3 fI JeJ~HC11npyre npcoxpcrcCYJ~6JfHe, HMTJif CC IIOHIIIllTanajyhIJ y accpehn, IIJITfl CCuoropbyjyhn y CpChIJ, Hero llynajylill J.{OcTO.jaHcTBCJI()Crr

II y jenHJiI~\'f II y Ap)'rll~l cnyuajeuaua. Jcp OHa 6elJle If nonauera II no cpuy jaua, Hero lIIT() 611CC 1'0 O~IeKllnaJIO ()Jt)f{CHe. a Ii rro C~tCpHOC'l~IJanje nsocrajana 1133nCHcnOfIc29,

fIpaSWII-IOCT, IJe-1K, tbCHa aap Hl1jC 611Jltl caapnrcna, KaA

HCr()J1II He 6mB B()Jb(lH H~TKan Hl1KO~l Y'IMJfliTl1 3Jl(), a

)loGpo NfHOrHMa? Ho, 11C)pe}1 xmorux npyrux CpChH1IXcrsapa. najneha jc tbeHa cpeha 61lJlcl ra. lIIT() je OHa.nocrasum xtarn ~IH()rllX naJT)alIRX cuaoua, xrorna Aa ax

CRC BH}.\M. KaKO ce "1aX()~1J1CII() CJTa>KY~lCi)y c()60~{. a axoce KOjH Ilyrr II norabano na cc HCllITO nosananc, KaKO ce Henajy 3<:lHe1'IJHH y xakne ncnonpaaaae cyxotic, xao W'I'() ropauo 6Hna KOn xiaornx K()jJ1 cc nanase Hd Cn~llrJlIl!\l BJIaC­

THl\tcl, Hero xao 6C3 tnyua nsrnabyjy CB()jC cnopone.Ero, naxnc, ra 110 J~yIJll1 TaKO xpacna II narsaua, a

110 C)/n6IIHH TaKO cpehua CK()PO y CBCl\IY ocooa OTXO~11can y ronaaaua He l\lnaJ\~I~,t113>KllBOTa aa OBO~1 C.Be'I'y, TIauaje, J{OJlYIllC, JIaKO Il()}lllC1'11 raj noraha] 6C360JIHO,

YI 'I'aKOje napmta xoja jc can rrpenucr Il()X13clJIa.

nxiana npc cscra 'ry cpchy na, uonnxanmn on B3Jb,lHIIX II11C IJe3HaTI-lllX PO~}JTCJT)a, IJC)C'rllfHC jorrr xmoro 6()Jbll

fipax, nero Ill'I'O je ca voj n.oj ouronapano. Yl~clI311111ce sanapa pnucxor. KC)jl1 je aenanuo 611() lIpJI]\flJO napcruo II()

o-rcuoj C~1p'rJI27. Ilonyuie, 3a'l'lf~1 cpchuu AaHII nncyocrann HCIIO~'IClIIall~1 ca onopnua, 360r 11pe).~y'j~I~1ciHJ[X

()~ napnapa oncana Ilaparpana, 3 Hap01IJlrrO HC ~lHoro 110

(. "11/\ 1-1Ibll - BfJ.]A II'/'j uct» llAPJ111AA. Anacracujesuh,

R786

l lapuipao (rpanypa)(G. Schlurnberger, [1/11 etnpereur byzuntin.... Paris, 1890)

• • •HajrJ1aBHHJH pan H nocao RerOJIM Ca3Hal},C jecracrsa H

•OCH~t rora IIOHMalbe TBopl~a, ()J~ -rera sa CBC KOJH cy yC'l'aH>Y 1'0 nOCTII3aTH, He MO)KC 6l1TH HHKaKBor npyror

•3a~1IfU1Jba'rH ,qaje Y nac il ~eJ10 CYiliTaCTBO CnJI'IHO OHO~fCY )J(lIBOTHlba, Bell ce xropa. y'3II~(ajyhlf y 063Up If csanpyra nama nenan.a l[ casaau.a, C:\faTpaTI1 )1a )' naua IIOC­

TOjH ({ 11CKO npyro CY1TITaCl'BO, xnoro 60)J(aIICTBcHHjc OAoaor y )l(HBOTIIlha. Jcp, eRO KaKO je C TJ11\l:

Ila HeKaKaB jenan Bor nnana HaA CB111\1aCTBapH­~fa IiAa I{~fjc ruopau Mnpomaoha-r, II TO Kpajtbe noGap,HeMallHKoraKojHYTOHellcpyje.6¥IJlOAajccaM.roYSH):(eo, 6HRO na ce, lIyjyhII npyre na 1'aKO cyne, C TH~fcnoxao, ocau aKO anje ynenuxo nopcuchca y nanern.A 11,Qa ce H3rvfC~yIbera Ii nac J-laJ1a3Hjow HeKH npyracser, 6HJIO OA jenHc jenaue spore, 6~lJIO pasnen.cn yRHIIIC spcra, H caspurcnaju O~ Hac a OJ~Thera 3HaTHOuecaepuiexnja, HCMa raxobe HIIKora KOjII Helie H y TOscpoaara. 1cp Hcl1C HIlKO MIIlC)] H'rH Aa C~10 6aTJI ~tM

najcaspnreaaje 60>Kjencno. 0 TlfrvJ OA Hac CaBpIJleJ-IMjwM

CTBOpCH>II~fa HHKO HC ~fO)J(C Ka3aTH, a ro RIlCY HCKCnasrern HJIli lraK nyure, caspnrenaje on na lIIHX. A KO cy,nax, raxna ra craopeu,a, nrra 611 npyro 680 JI>J1XOB

• •cane OH() UlTO JC Y nac 3aJC~H}I'lKO ca )K~IBOTHH)a~1a,

•CC Bll,llH }1a Je JIa>KHO, llJTO 'IlfHli JhYAC ropuxia 0).( OHIIXKOjH ncnoseaajy IlpOT~lBHO ncposau,c. Jcp je aenpnpon­HO na JIa)KHtl sepa npasa D}YAC 60JhH?vra, a rrCTHIlHTa

• •ropmra. Hero Je y CrJ'Bap}1 OHa nepa yjemro ~Inaxaa. IIO~•• • •tmJH~f yruuajeu Jby):{ll IIOC'l'aJY ropa, a HCTHHHTa JC ona

xoja (IX tlHHII 60Jbli11a. 3aTll~1, He cxre ce, IJ~raj)lhli Y I3WJ\Y

.[l. AUOCT3ClfjCBUh

8988

3()~1josora cc ~1CCTasUAII. KaKOn, rC(\1I1Cl' rneua AUcnojn xpumhascxoBCPOB3.ne 0 nOCTauKY cacra ca HOBonnaT01l11cr11'1KII~1 Il.io 11I11()1111~1.Ilpo­"ne)BII". UTA. :.i60r -icra cc npOTHB rC"1J1Cra nurao y cnojus CI1I1CII"1&.1D()pbt!Cxonapnje. AOUHIIJII narpujapx Fcuanuje.

. "3aJeJ:{HlI'IKora Y ncnau.nxra, xtopajy 11~la']'11sajcnanuxoraIf Y cynrruaaua. Jcp je HeOnXOAH() na 11 cyurracrsa onro­sapajy ACna}-blJ~la. IIncnaaa cyurracrumra. Ilpexia roue,xao IDTO. C 063JlpO~1 na TO na lJOBCK )' ~enafbIJ~la li~1asajcmuotxora ca )l(ill30Tlllba~la,npanunao CYAcnl1 TBpn1f­~10, na pacuonaxc If cyurracrsou, CJIH'THHi\f )J(~fBOTl{­H,)CKO~f, 11C1'Oraxo, C norncnosi sa TO lIITO cy IhCt.IY CBO-• •JC'fBCHa 11 ncnau.a caapureuajnx OA Hac BpC1'a, nan.a

• • •npeTIIOCTaSHTII na OH nocenyjc If CYlllTaCTBO KOJC JCCIIJltIHO lbHXOB()~l, IIOlliTO je He~loryhe na O~ CJlJI'IHOrcyurracrna He 6YAY 11nenan-a CJIlf1IHa; re BaJI)a BcpOBaTH

•• • •na ce uosex cacrojn 113ABaJY CYUI'raCTaBa, OJ~ KOJHX JejCJ{HO HeKaKBO 60>KaHCKO, a npyro )J(HBOTHlbCKO~ 0]10,nax, xoje Ha~t jc 60)KaHCKO, jccre 6CC~IPTHO, IIOWTO je HCYIIITaCTBO casputcnujux OA Hac BpCTa 6eC~fpTHO. JepHMKaKO He 611 611JlO pa3Yl\-lJbHBO. nR Bor, xojn je xpajn.cnotiap Ii cJ1060J~a}1 on CBaKC aaaacru, uaje, IIOpcA cera­flora, ytlIIHHO I{ 6CCl\lpTHH~1a cyurracrsa xoja C'I0 jc 6JllI-

nmner nenan-a Hll'I'11 Gna)[(CHl-Ijcr. A OtlCBI1AHO jc )(a If -to­BCK, IIOPCA ocranor casaaa,a jecracrna, 11TO nOCTlI>Ke3().

AaKJTC. HIfCY tlOBeKY caojcrucaa cauo ncnaisa>KlfBOTHlha, ~l HC panu OH cauo OH() urro 11 )f(IIBO')'lllbe.. ,Hero cy t.fY CBOjC'l'SeHe Ii pa,qIbe canpureunjnx on Hacupcra, 110111TO ~I OH. KOJIIIKO ~f)'je Y ~10hn~nOCTIJ>I<C AOucrora xao 11 Y H)lfX casaan.a. A xoja ron 6Jfha axrajy

)J(e fbC~IY. AKO cy, nax, oaa Gecupraa. onna 611 II "COHarner C)'IU1'aCTBa. xojn je cnn-ran 1hIl~la, 6110 6eC~1p'l'aH,nOIliTO C\lP'l'HO 1111KaA He 611 ~lorno OlI'!'li C.11f111106eC~f­prnoue, HliT11 61) Hone ()HO [lITO ll~la orpamrucny 11KPlbY~10h nocrojau,a, l\IOrJIO 6I11'IJ CJllltIHO OH()~1C, Y 'Iera je~loh nocrojatsa ueoxpu.eua 11 6ccKpajlIa. Ila tJaK II OHI1xoja asspuryjy ca~10y6HC1'BO, "'1a TO 1111Hl1111"y~'fCCHOI1JIHHe. nourro 6TI 1'0 6BflO cscjenno sa C1'Bap xojy xoheuo na

•

nOKa)l(Cl\iO, l\lory nocnY)I(lITII sa AOKa3 na JC uonex cac-TaBJbeH OA usajy cyurracrana, Ii TO on jenner 6ec~fpTRor,11 npyror cuprsor. Jep ncxra HI! jcuaor 6lffia xoje jeCKnOHO na cc 6aQa cauo Y CBOjy nornoao, Hero CBa,KOJIIIKO H~l je ron ~loryhe. rexe H na nocroje 11Aa ceOAP)KC. Hn {IOBCK, uaxnc, Y9I1jajyhl1 ca~1 eerie, He y6JijaCBOjIll\! C~fPTHlil\l CYllITaC1'BO~1 cauo TO C\1PTHO CYUITaCT­BO. nero CBOjK~1 6eC~lpTllll"'l C}'lPTHO.

ETO, H3 TIIX 11l'aKBIIX pasnora, xoje OBO~f npu­JIJiKO~f HHjC 11JeHYTaK H11pchara CBe, lIaK u HapOnI1aajc­TapHjI-1 no nosrcay II HajllpOCJTaBJbCHHjI1, cuarpana cy,xao DITO 3Ha"'10. Hallie nyure sa 6eC~tpTHe: I1JIHp~H,KeJITH, E'rpYPl\H, Tpa'IaHW, Jexana, PlL\tJhaHIJ, MHCHPl.(H,MII~aHli. I1HAHjaImH, II 0,[(OCTaJIHXcsaxa uapon, yrnena«~1eljyn)YAli~la.

C npanox CMO, naxne, If ~fR sa C}'fPT narnux CPO,Q­HTIKa II npnjaren.a, xao II Hac caaax, pcxnu ,na je rn

• •OAJIR3aK aauiera rJTaBHHJer CaCl'O]Ka Y lICK() lhe~IY npnx-JIaAHO ~1eC'r()11. pacrauax HaiTI JCAHHX on npyrux sa H3BCC­HO BpC~1C. a He 3aYBeK, TaKO Aa 6J.I Tpc6aJI() na cc csaxntl()BCK rrpcua 'l'aKnH~1 norahajieia OAHOCll C )"rCX()~I,~fnaHe cuarpa uajnehou necpehon C~1PTCBOjliX CP(.)J(fIHKa, a

•

(_'pnKJ..III,A -BM.JAIII l/./CK.4 IlAJ'J1LlAA. Anacracnjeuuh

9()

•

llPl1HOr

•

aanarn CCH sa OD)' uapnuy KOJa call onanne OTXOJ_(lf.fI()IlI'l'O• • •Je OHaraxo CJaJIIO yxpaureua BPJIIIHO~lH TaKO )'30PHO)J(l1Bena.xao 1111'0cnn 3Hal\{C). Jcp HII TO He ~:O)KeHIIKO

•rrpeTllOC'J'aB1l1'II, KO rOA mra xta If na J~lafbepasyua, na1l06pll Helie II T(\~{O IIOJIY'Ilf'I'II 6oJI)e aarpauc, a ropnphanc. rrOJTlTO je Bor C1fa'!'paH 3a najnpaaenaujcr II HCy-

•~iHTHorCy}~lIjY.

HapOl1lJTO He OHl{X sa KOjC IT()CTOjII sana na he 360r cnojeBpnHHC 11 ncnpannor >K:IIBO'l',\ 611'1'11II Ta~IO norcxanuAo6pOAOWJIlI~O}'1. TaKRO~I. IIctK. lIC~fy cno60AHO jc

,U. Auacracnjcauh

•

93

4: T t!KCT Kpc III I(O/JIll,(' Ie.iene, n:"e/JII h·II(,.JlI ,T(/Jllnu1111BnanuxtupaMC)Ull1UU ()6jau.bcli jt: y Gel!! l)tlACh.O~t"Y~fClHII'I""()\1 npcrncny". 5i ItJ3X crp,IJh - 137. Illnli. \'1)/.

M(IHG(:ililIP Ca. Iluonucuja It{1 C'6ellIO; rOpLI(A. Ilepoxo. ceetna /O{JO, bcot pan. 1977)

• •crony, nexa 1\p,lrOI~C~IapenlIKBITJa, KO.!" uxia nese ca CPII-CKO~[ IIPOlllJI()JIIh)'. To je KpC')' 061ItIJ-I()f npanocnasuorTHIIa1 BPJIO ncnc }~(c'rH'1\IKe nspanc. CaC1'aJJll,t!11 je OJ.(3na'l'HIIX nnonnta ca pc.rbe(pH~'~rCJ111\[111\a~la.KOjC cy CII'f­HH~ItlaBJIliftll1\Ja npntiajcne sa npseny ()CHOBY. Y CpC~I1-HHxpcra, C npcua,e crpane, IIaJTa311cc pacnern XpacrocC 0611tIJ[ln1 npcxpurrcumr IlIf}'fOOlvf 11C A,\a~10nl)~1rJlaHO~1non KPCT01\1. Ha xpajenmia CPC).tlhC l\eJ11TKenpc-rxc cyBoroponnna M anocron Josau. Bpno je ID'ITCpCCaHrl'Ha~pa~1a1'Ti(ITlaum'cprrpetaunja nccuor pen.crpa, K()jIJrrpuxasyje cn. JOBaHcl y jaK()f\,1noxpcry ca 113pa30~1 yscaca.I'na na II)er013cl, xao 11 rnana Boroponuue, nonnruyra jc

• •YHllC, llITO I10Ka3YJC Aa je yxrermtx K()1\ITIOHOBaO OBe

•y 1\1pa'1Hy KJIIIC)'PY> 11,1BIICOK().J C'reHII II3fla,u cane ]\10PCKCotianc, KaO xaxan CPCJ~lhCllCKOl~HJ[ 3a~laK AIDKCce xrana­CT~IPCU. Ilnonucaja. Y OJIT,\py fJI,lBHOr xpaxra, IIa IIpC-

Ha jyroacro-moj CTI)aH~1CBC'!c I'ope. y IIOJ~HO)l(j)'MaJI()f Areca, TIJJH YIUft)' A)'6oKOr xnanua KOjII npcnasu

KPCT UAPI1UE JE.rIEI-IE, KllEPJ1 K~IE3AAPAfAllIA*

BJ1a"lJ~111PM()WIIH

9594

CpCAJIHI1. raxohc je upaxasa H X PHCTOC, ann ca cnYTTITCHIIl\1

pyxava J) nOl'IIyHO uar, 6e3 noneaa Ifa 6CllPI[~la. TaKO ccXPl1CTOC upaxasyje cane ~, KO~tTT03Ul~1[jJ,i KPIIITCH>a.YICIIC)J~l-bCrOBlIX aery nnjyracrnu upraua npuxasaua jcaona, a none - paoa (CIIM60JT Xp~IC1'a nn II CII~16on

Jopnana"). Ha BpXy xpcra pen.erp npaxasyje KpIITTeH,eHcycoso y rpamrnnonanaoj CXC~ll1, ca cs. J l)13aHO~f KOjIlA~))l<JIpyxy R3Han XpJiCTOBCrnasc. Ha xpajcuuua ropise Iiua AeCHO~1 xpajy cpeJ(II>C Tlj1C'IKC - ()JIC'r en. lOBaHKPC1'11'reJbca HCIJPy)J(CII0~t 11YK()t.1.Cn()60J~H11 npocrop

CJIIIKe npeva HKOJIOrpacpCKC)j rpanunaja koja YBeKIlp11KCl3yjC EOrOpOJllIIZY Ii arl()C1'OJI3 KaKO Cl'OjC }' IIl)AO)1(jyxpcra 11rnenajy lope na Pacncrora, Ha KP'ljCBII~let ropiscl\IclJIC npc-rxc cy ~{CAaJbOHllapxaabena. Ha npxy xpcrapcn.erp npnxasyje BOljCfuC HCYC()BO ua Tonrory. JeAaHnoj IJIIK BY'JC Xp~ICTa 3a pyxc, nsa J.bcra. C JICBC crpaucnI1~~1cc cpi'lrypa c Hl1rvr6otvf - BCp013a'rHo, Tla.j~{lln}ljMy-rcnaxVICY:OBCB. Jonan (cnere )1(eHe y nsonorparpnjn O(lIlIlIO cenpuxasyjy KaK() rnenajy H3a IJJIaH1IHe), a cnpena, C necnecrpanc, tlOBCK KOjH HOCI1 KpC'I'. Ha npyroj crpana xpcra, Y

JI,. Anacracujesuh

••

•

9796

3 Y oaoj KIhH:J~1 cnuxy Al)BOCIt~t() ua COI'p. 25. /llai). )'p.1

I JCJlCHfi jc hcpxa KOHCTtlHTUna Aejullonnha. a Ilparaui Ilcjanoeuh joj jcC1'PIfI~ BUAI.!TUCTp. It). Y osoj KlhHJII. Illa/7, )'p.1

o r()J~111111Jeneuuue ynaje :1a Maaojna II nailCl)J]ora -uuncru lin crp,15· 17. oae Klhure.lf/aI7. YIJ.I

Ilaoancnjary, a If BC3a KOJ..ll103111\1fjCKpurrca.a ca Pacne­hc~.Jna JCJ1CHlrHO~JKpCTy. BC3a KpIIJTeH,a Crtacarcrscsa

•C lberoHll~l ~1yKa~fa aa KPCTY Ht\1acnoj J(or~laTCKH pa3JIOf,OCIJOBal1aa XPliCTOBlDl pe-rnxra. AnII, I3epOnaTHO, IIOC'J'{)­j~l H sacecan pa3JIOr KOjH jc II06YAII() l\apIJIZY ~a ytTHHH oamosaj fIOKJIOH Ilaoaacujary Kao nrro C~IOpeKJIH, rnaanaxpax osor ~1aHaCTHPa nocneben je en. J()BaHY KPC1'HTClJ)Y,a HC1'Oi'vf ceeuy je 6110 nocaehcn 1-1osaj srauacrap KOjH jeuapaua nouarna Y Ilaparpany xao sanyinje cn011 ony. IlaJTI1je CH. JOBaH Ilpereua 6HO IIa1'poH Ilejauoanha? Ila JIMce noruonja JeJIeHHHOr oua Y pCAOBn~Ia TYpCKe nojcxe,3aje)UIO C Kpan.enahexr Mapxou, Y npcncrasaaa H>eronehCpKC eesana ca XplJCTOBII~1 ~rYKa~fa na KpCT)' n otiesrna­BJbClbCMCB.Jonana? ..

CJTHKa OBe Cprmnse na BH3(lH'1'11jCKO~1npCCTOJI)f,npnxasane sajemro ca ~fy)l(e~f11 ca CHHOBl1~laJOBaHO~f,Teonopox 11 AHAPOHHKOM, uanasu CC Y jenno« spnoJJCrrOM rpt1KOJ..1PYKOll11CY ca J~c.rJH~fa AHJTOcRja Aepo­narara-. Ilap jc OBO ACJlO IIOKJIOIIHO 1408. rO).:{HHe ouaryCeH-,IJ;cHHcKor MaRac1'Hpa KOA TIapH3a y 3HaK 3aXBanHOC­'rli aa JIeIIO~f IIpHjeM}' KOjl1 ~1Yje YKa3aH 1401. rO,I(HHe, xanjc nyronao no sauannoj Enpona, rpaxeha noxroh npOTJTRTypaxa. Tpe6a nonnyha Aa cc HC1'0~1 Y OBO npexe - y XV

• •BeKY - rrOJaBJhYJY TaKBe CJlllKC BJlaJ~aJ1atJKHXnoponnua na~IHHl1ja'rypa~laH y Cp61IjH (yn. CJJFfKY noponnuc necuoraoyplja EpaHKOBHfia aa aerouoj II()BCJhJ1 EccpJITlvIeHY), arrpe rora HXHaJIa3ID.fO caao ua K'I~~f'ropCKH~1cppeCKa~fa.

113~lC~)'cnnxa ca otic C'llJaHC xpcra lfCIIYl-bCH je 'I'aHlGL\101lJl"l}IIT~l opsauc HT()l\t.

UCJTa uspana ()BOr xpcra uoxasyjc Aa jc 1'0 palljenner no6por nmarrrajcxor )'~IC']'HltKa, a K()~1II()311U.l1jcKpIJI'I'Cllia Hd JTC~HOj crpaau cneAO'TC na jc KpCT na-nnsenGam sa ()BY r~pKBY, IlOCBChcHY CB. Jouauy KpC'J'1l1'ClbY· yJ~OlliCtt.lncny KpCTa, C npemse crpanc, rranasn CC lIaTITHC narp-rxou jC'JI1KY: "ITOKJIOH JCJlCHe, nnana PKC Poueja ua,Ilanconoruuc, )l(CHC napa Manyuna Ilaneonora, hepxeIlparaura. KHC3a cpncxor",

Ona BlI3aH'l'lijcKa uapuua 6~fna jc hcpxa cprrcxor}{lIHaC'fC Ilparaura Ilejaaosaha, "focnOAlfHa" ceseponc­ro-me Maxcnonnje'. Ilocne Mapasxc 6lITKC OHjc IlOCTao'rypCKll uasaa 1f IIorHHYO je sajenno C KpaJI)CB~lhc~I Map­K()[\t y Gojy aa Pomrnaxra 10. oKT06pa t 395. rOT\lIHC. rOnHH)'npe rora, 31J~11i1393-1394, OH ce aa Eaja3JJrl'OJ30~{ J(BOpy YCcpy cacrao C Bl13clHTHjcKIDtf uapeu MaHY~IJlO~l II If TY je6HJ1() yronopcno 0 MaHY.HJlOBOM 6paKY C IlparaurenovhCpKO~12.y TO~f6paKY JeJIeHa ,!Cpouana B111l1e CHHOBcl, OJ~H,IiX cy JOBaH VIII IiKoncranran XI )J:pclraJLI 6liJIIl nocneufl)~i13if3aH1'JtljcK~1uapcsn. YMpna jc rpa ronnae npe IIaACtIlapnrpana y rypcxc pyxe, xao l\10HaXTIH,a Xnnouona.

Ha rOJ~Hllj;bl1~Y nOCJIC o-icnc C~IP1'11 uapnuaJcncna ocrasnna ~tY je sanyurje - ~laHac'rllp CD. Jonaaa YIlet plio I1H'l'CpCCaHTHa je IICTOBeTHl)CTnarpoua ()BnC II Y

CPflKMlbA - B113/1HTl1.JCKA llAPMl1l1n. AIll.1C'I'UCHjt;Ullh

•

~parYTHH Aaacracajeunh(Kparyjesan, 1877- Beorpan,1950), nporpccop YHWBe­

p3TITCTa Y Ecorpany, tillal!

CpTJCKC aKal\c~'Jl1je uayxa,OClIHBatI cpncse BH3aHTOJIOr}l-•je,Aaacracajcnnh je 3aSplll110

crynuje KJlaCl-{tIITe cpHJIOJIOrH­

je na <DMJI030cpCKOM cpal\.l'n­

rery BeJlJ1Ke UIKOJIe y Beo­rpany 1900. TO,qHHC. Ilpoysra -

99•

•ea crapor H nosor rpstxor JC1MKa.UaplIZp(IO - II/Jei[iiiocillo8Ibel-lll ll32JleO 3Aa/UHe «aituie(rpasypa)

(G. Schlumberger, Un empereur bizantin ... .Paris. 1890)

•nan,e BH3aHTMjCKC Ii HOBO-rpnxe cpMnOJlOrnjc HaCTaSIiO

je KOA npocJ:>ecopa Kapna Kpysroaxcpa sa YHHBCp3YlTe1'Y YMHJIXeIIY, rne je 1905. ro,qIDIC Of{6paHlIO AOKTOPCK)' J~Ylcep'ral~l-1-jy 113 BH3aHTHjCKe <pHJIOJIOrnje (Die paranetischen Alphabete ,"/1

der griechischen Literatur). Kao nOI~CRT, saHpel'HM H peAoBI111uporpecop na Beorpancxoa yaasepsnrery, npenasao je sasan­TOJlOrHjy sa <l>IDI030CPCKOM cpaKYJITe1'y, a K)'.nl'YPHY HCTOPHjyBaaanraje J1 rp-ixa je3HK Ha npasocnamrox Eorocnoncxou¢aK}'J1<reTY. Opranusosao je, xao rnaI3ID1 cexpcrap opraaaaa­I~HOHor on6opa, npyrn Me~YllapO,Q1IH xonrpec sa BH3HaTHjcKc

CT)'AHje, onpxaa y Bcorpany 1927. rOllMHC. Bso jc 1IOtJaCHl1,[lOK­

TOp ATHHCKor YHMsep3MTeTa.AHaC'T'acMjeBJ1ft je uanacao neJIHKH 6poj Hay'LIHRX

pacnpasa II KpHTHKa H3 BH3aHTHjcKC CPHJl (}]JOrujc. JlICTOpl1je.~HnJIO.f.laTJ1Ke Ii cpncxe CpCJJ;fLOBCK{)BHC ucropuje. IIpeB()[\VlO je

o ,IJ,PAfYTI1HY AHACTACMJEBJ111Y

101100

C. h.

•caenostcu.a ynosaa JLB'IHOCTone BI1JaH'J'MJCKe uapanc,

• •rpa xao OAnl1'(aH npcnas 1-{3BJ13aIJ'['onorHJc y cpncxy ncropnjyKOjOj je Auacracnjeaah nOCBCTHO nenJ.IKH 6poj CBOjKX panona,nocefiao spexeay CTeBaHa Heaaisc, Cresana Ilpaoacnnanor ~1

Cscror Case: Foouna cupiiiu Hesateuue (1911), lout 0 lOOtlH11

C,'tP'Ull Hesuueuue (1913). GIUat, Heuauan (1914), OilucouaeaueHesuueuue Ce. Boiopoouue 1(00 KYPllly.~{Jlll;e (1922), Fobunaiipenoca AtOlllllllljy Ce. Cuueyua 113Xunauoapa y CiliyoeHlll~y(1926) IJ AP. Hajo6H~IHHjJ,t pan 113 cpncxe ncropnje npencraan.apacnpaaa Je JlII Ceeiiut Caea xpynucao Ilpeoeennauoi ? (1935).HeKonHKo H3saHpc,QHllx npHnora OT{HOCll ce Ha ,uoGa ~apaIlyuiana, H TO na fbcroBC cpncxe H rp'IKC If noaerse (aae Ilyuta­uoee ZptlKe xpucoeyne -1922, ECcjJlll.~teHCKIIaKIUIII(apa Ilyuiana- 1938). I1pHAaj}'hH lJapOl11J1'Ji ana-raj aaaopaua nytinuxonao je,raxohe, H pan Cpiicxu apxue Jlaepe Aiiioucxe (1922). Heua­H>lfhKH nepnon cpncKe HCTOPHjC ~06110 je, y Anacracn­jCB11heBm.1 wC'rpa)f(HBafbM"'1a HC3ao611na3Ha TY"tatIclba rpajueaay-ure Bpe}..lHOCrI1.

Y npoy-ranau.y npocrpaaor nepuona cpncxc II BH3aJI­THjCKC acropaje, Auacracajeaah jc o6pab~iBao 11:KP)'fIIIC 11po6-

• •CTaHOBHIJITe na ce eaaanronorxja HC MO)l(C OABOJ¥lT~1OA lIC1'OPII-jc HCTOIIl-lliXcnoseacxax uapona. C Tmf }' BC31f, ~lelj}' O~1WJhe­HH~I TC~fa~Ja n.erosor HC'rpa)KlIBalha 6IlO jc cyxof p}'CKOr xuesaCajarocnasa ca Basaurnjou.

a Auacracujeuahesua Ha}'"tJBH~i paAOB~I~Ja nacanu cyHCTaKH)'T11 BH3aHl'OJ103l1, ~lcrropH'lIapH, CJJaBHCTli (K. Kpyxrbaxep,<1>. Ilenrcp, M. JIacKapHC. BJI.noposwh, Il. Ilononah, C}). Fpauah,,0:. PaCOBCKlf, <1>. ABOpIJ~1K, r. Ocrporopcxn. J. Panouuh, M.IIIesRh. M. M. Aanpejesa. err. Cranojesah, ,U. KOCTJtfi, Bn.MOlIIlfH, A. Cononjea). a6lJ~11111jy crynnjy 0 rscroaoa )l(HllOT­

HO~1 nyry If YKyrIHOj aayuuoj nenaraccrn oojaano je HaxonaPanojnah y "liCTOPMjCKO\i -raconacy", KFb. [[I, 1951-1952.Jby6o~mp Haxah je y ,,36oPHHKY panosa BH3alITonoUIKorKHcTHTYTa CAHY" (Ktb. VI, 1960) oojasao HCQPnny 686JJI1-orpadiajy AHaCTacHjeBJ1heBHX panosa.

Aaacracajeaahesa ~10HorpacplIja 0 Jcnerrn Ilparam, je­nauoj CPIIKlilbJl BJt3aHTHjcKoj QapH1.\IJ, npencraarsa nenouoncehan.e aa jewry 3aHlnfJbHny HCTOPlfjcKY nHlIH()CT, ana J.I. ,nparouen npanor HCTOPWJHBH3aHTHJcKO-CPIICKJ.1Xsesa )1 nocne-AfbI.f~1T{CI~cHHja~[a BH3aHTHjcKor uapcrsa. Jencna Ilparaur jc6Hna hepxa Ilyuraaonor cecrpsha KOHCTaHTHHa Ilcjasosuha onBeJl6~a, cynpyra uapa Maaojna IIIlaneonora. Ilnojana lbeIIHXCHROBa - JOBaH VIII ~I KOHCTaHTJfH XI Ilparanr 6111111 cy nocaenn.aBH3aHTl1jCKII uapesa. Y\1p.TJajc xao ~fOHaXl-l1ba Hnoxoua yIlaparpany 1450. ronnne, Anacracajeaaheno ysepen.e ,,,ua cyBH3aIITI1IIUl1, ~1ano KaJ\ Y caojoj xarsanyronaumoj HCl'OPJ!ljl1,ff}.1aJIH aa uapauy oBaKBY jenny CBeTJIY JIHtIHOCT" xao JeneuyIlparaur, naje IIoce6IJ}' Apa)l{ >KeJhH na cc yBHAO~1 y J1CTopHjcKa

JIC~1C li3 lICTOpI1je Pyca ~f Eyrapa. <I>op~'f)/JIIlcao jc. fIPlITO~1. II1:1.3 acropnje BI13aHTIljc o6jaB110 je BHlne npnnora On113Y'3CTHor suauaja sa npoy-rasaa,c npyre nonosaae X scxa,noccfiao jma BCJIHKa (tapa paraaxa - Haxatpopa <POKe l1 JC)BaHaU_~1~11ICKeca.Iberosa npoy-raaaisa SH3alITlIjcKe rI0J1~1'rJ1lIKe,I~p­xueue 11xynrypnc npOWnOCTIJ CaAPJKaHa C)' Y 6pOjllll~1 'lnalI~Ji­~1ao6jaBJbelil1~1 y Crunojennhenoj Hapoouoi eHI{II~JlOI7eo'lill.qnaHQIi cy n"Ca1111 IlpeTC>KHO xao 6HorpacpHje HI133HTHjCKJIX

uapesa, ana je )' lblll.la t)6pabcH3 CKOPOncna ncropaja BI-13(lJITlljC.3a yxynny Aaacracajeunhcsy nay-my ncnaruocr

fIOCCGUOje KapaKTepJ1CTll'IHa pacnpaBa Ceeiiia Tapa )' iipouino­ciiiu u caoauiuoctiu. (1907), xao ,QOKa3 0 nplfCH}1~1 seaauaH3~le~y BH3aHTHjc 1-1CpGJ1je, lflljH cy cc 6mlcKlI ,QO,QliPl1HajlJ01'­nYIIHjc MaHHcpCCTOSanl-1 Ita Cseroj I'opa, ana pacnpasa ce csra-

(_'P/IKl1lbA -BH.1AHTJtI.!CKA U.4PI111AIl, A uUC1'acl1jeRIIh

102

Yp.nOTIIHCIIl\ia "CIIO~ CJ1ltKa.

Haiioueua ,. 1{)2o apa2)ILUlIH)' Anacaiuacuieeuiiy (C. 'B.) <)l)

IlpunoiBnanaxap MOlIlHH: KPCT l~APVIUE JEnEHE 93*

•aanpurcaa casro ueonxonna 1'eXH~ltIKa II npaSOIIHcHa YJc~Ha-tlanalba. Hacnos KlLH311 nano je ypennunrruo.

)l(cJba Aa ([HTaOI.(H J,{06Hjy saute [IOAaTaKa 0 JIlltlHOCTlluapnue Jenenc }'THI~aJTajc aa OnnYK)' ,na cc )' KlbJ131f, xao noce­Galt npunor, YSPCTli -rCKCT BJIaAH~lJlpa Mounrna KPCfU uapuueIeneue ("y~fe'rliJitIKI1npernen" 5/1939). Bn. MOIIntH je ys CBOjTCKCTofijanao H Jcnenany cnHKY ca ~l)')f(e~t],1rpojauou canosa(CfUp. 2.5) , xao Ii nae rpororparpaje KpCTa. CUC OCTaJle naxosnerrpanore O}la6puJIO jc )'PC}\HJUU'I'B(): a Jt313()P" cy Ha3HU{ICHH )'

•

JOBAHA EBrEf-IVIKA. ljaKoHa II saxorroxpaarrren,a -Yrenraa petl I'ocnonapy 061)OP'BA fEMY1CfA - HaArp()6HH xcanouojJenean (I1IIO~fOHH) TIaJICOJIOflIlIH 81

~laTepc 4tlIlparyrna Aaacracajcauh jc panosc 06jCWIlbcHC y OBOj

KlbH3J1 ofijasuo Y ficcrpancxou naconacy .Bpacrno ", II TO:Ieouua eusauttuiicua uapuua Cpii~ll ua ("EpaCTBO", XXX~1939); lout jeo/la tieceoa 1/08000.\1 csipiiu! Ienene Ilpaiaui("EpaCTBO", XXXI, )940); Tpeha iioc."pluHa tieceoa IenenuIlpauuueeoi ("EpacTBo". XXXII, 1941). Y 'reKCTOBHMa C)'

Beceoe il08000.',1 cupiiiu Ieneue IlpaiaiullOPBA CXOJ1APHJA - YTcIIIHa pe-r [~apyKOHcfaH'fI1HY npllJIIIKO~rcupru acrose

HAnOMEHA

JEAHI'IA BH3A HTVIJCKA UA PHUA ern I(Hl-hA 5

CAAP)KAJ

t)29.731 Jencsa Ilparaui94 (4YS.()2) '11391/1453"821.14'04-5AIIACfACHJ EBHl1, Ilparyrun .1.

CpnKUl-b8 BUJaHTl1jc...a L~apHl~alIlparyrna AlluCT3cujeslfh.- Eeorpan:Cser KliJltre. 2(X)4 (Beorpan: Ilpac.iap nupruep). - )()..t CTP,: 1I.,yCTp. : 21 cnl.­(EJ~uu.uja BCKOSU)Tupax I.(XK)'- CTp. 46-~): Becene nOBOAO\1 C~iPTfI JCJlCIlC Ilparmu ffiop~eCxonapu ...(It AP.)' - CTp. Y9-ltll: 0 Ilparyruay Auacracujcsnhy/ C. (CTeBo)n (Tiocoauh). - Hanoucsc II ollGJlIlOrpacjlcKc petpepenuc y'J rCI\CT. C3Ap>t<Uu npnnor: Kpcr uapuue JCIlCHC. xhcpn KHe:3aIlparaiua' BnaAI1~IIIPMoumu.)SI1N 86-7396-078-9a) Jcneaa Ilparaur, BII:J~lHTltjcKn uapnua (? - I45(» 6) Bmauruja - Hcropnja -131)1 - l453COBISS. SR - tD 11708340"}

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CAt/KQ 110 xopuuuBH3aHTHjcKM uap Ii l~apR~a(~IHl-{Hja'rypa ca ATOCa)

llliiiauiia: Ilpacnap uaprnep - BeorpanIllraxmaao y 1000 rrpmrcpaxa 2004. [OnUHe

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Ilparyrnu AaacracajcnnhCPIIKIDLA - BU3AHTUJCKA QAPHQA