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ED 433 113 AUTHOR TITLE INSTITUTION SPONS AGENCY PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM PUB TYPE EDRS PRICE DESCRIPTORS IDENTIFIERS ABSTRACT DOCUMENT RESUME PS 027 809 Zehnder-Merrell, Jane; Corey, Michele Kids Count in Michigan 1999 Data Book: County Profiles of Child and Family Well-Being. Kids Count in Michigan, Lansing.; Michigan's Children, Lansing.; Michigan League for Human Services, Lansing. Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD. 1999-00-00 441p.; For 1997-98 Data Book, see ED 418 792. Kids Count in Michigan, Michigan League for Human Services, 300 North Washington Square, Suite 401, Lansing, MI 48933; Tel: 800-837-5436 (Toll Free); Fax: 517-371-4546; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: www.milhs.org ($15, Michigan residents must add sales tax). Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports - Descriptive (141) MF01/PC18 Plus Postage. At Risk Persons; Birth Weight; Child Abuse; Child Health; Child Neglect; Child Welfare; Children; Counties; Demography; Dropout Rate; Early Adolescents; Economically Disadvantaged; Elementary Secondary Education; Lead Poisoning; Lunch Programs; Mortality Rate; Outcomes of Education; Poverty; Prenatal Care; Preschool Education; Reading Skills; Safety; *Social Indicators; Special Education; State Norms; State Surveys; Statistical Data; Tables (Data); Violence; *Well Being; Youth Problems Arrests; Child Safety; *Indicators; *Michigan; Out of Home Care; Vaccination This Kids Count data book for 1999 examines statewide and county level trends in the well-being of Michigan's children, featuring available data on young adolescents, ages 10 to 14. The statistical portrait is based on 15 indicators of well-being: (1) child poverty; (2) free and reduced price lunch; (3) inadequate prenatal care; (4) low birthweight infants; (5) infant mortality; (6) child deaths; (7) children in families investigated for abuse or neglect; (8) substantiated victims of abuse or neglect; (9) children in out-of-home care; (10) births to teens, ages 15 to 17; (11) teen deaths by accident, homicide, or suicide; (12) index crime arrests; (13) high school dropouts; (14) students enrolled in special education; and (15) students with inadequate mathematics skills. Section 1 of the report discusses young adolescent well-being with regard to community connections, health, and education, and notes that many communities have adopted a proactive approach to youth development. Section 2 summarizes the latest state trends and includes a state map with county child poverty estimates. Section 3 reviews the background indicators of child population, childcare and early education, family support programs, childhood lead poisoning, and immunization. Section 4 analyzes each trend indicator. Section 5, the bulk of the report, presents state and county profiles. Data indicate that there have been improvements in indicators related to adolescents. However, economic security indicators have shown declines, and there have been mixed results in child health, child safety, and education. (KB)

DOCUMENT RESUME - ERIC · DOCUMENT RESUME. PS 027 809. Zehnder-Merrell, Jane; Corey, Michele Kids Count in Michigan 1999 Data Book: County Profiles of Child and Family Well-Being

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  • ED 433 113

    AUTHORTITLE

    INSTITUTION

    SPONS AGENCYPUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROM

    PUB TYPE

    EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORS

    IDENTIFIERS

    ABSTRACT

    DOCUMENT RESUME

    PS 027 809

    Zehnder-Merrell, Jane; Corey, MicheleKids Count in Michigan 1999 Data Book: County Profiles ofChild and Family Well-Being.Kids Count in Michigan, Lansing.; Michigan's Children,Lansing.; Michigan League for Human Services, Lansing.Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD.1999-00-00441p.; For 1997-98 Data Book, see ED 418 792.Kids Count in Michigan, Michigan League for Human Services,300 North Washington Square, Suite 401, Lansing, MI 48933;Tel: 800-837-5436 (Toll Free); Fax: 517-371-4546; e-mail:[email protected]; Web site: www.milhs.org ($15, Michiganresidents must add sales tax).Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports - Descriptive(141)

    MF01/PC18 Plus Postage.At Risk Persons; Birth Weight; Child Abuse; Child Health;Child Neglect; Child Welfare; Children; Counties;Demography; Dropout Rate; Early Adolescents; EconomicallyDisadvantaged; Elementary Secondary Education; LeadPoisoning; Lunch Programs; Mortality Rate; Outcomes ofEducation; Poverty; Prenatal Care; Preschool Education;Reading Skills; Safety; *Social Indicators; SpecialEducation; State Norms; State Surveys; Statistical Data;Tables (Data); Violence; *Well Being; Youth ProblemsArrests; Child Safety; *Indicators; *Michigan; Out of HomeCare; Vaccination

    This Kids Count data book for 1999 examines statewide andcounty level trends in the well-being of Michigan's children, featuringavailable data on young adolescents, ages 10 to 14. The statistical portraitis based on 15 indicators of well-being: (1) child poverty; (2) free andreduced price lunch; (3) inadequate prenatal care; (4) low birthweightinfants; (5) infant mortality; (6) child deaths; (7) children in familiesinvestigated for abuse or neglect; (8) substantiated victims of abuse orneglect; (9) children in out-of-home care; (10) births to teens, ages 15 to17; (11) teen deaths by accident, homicide, or suicide; (12) index crimearrests; (13) high school dropouts; (14) students enrolled in specialeducation; and (15) students with inadequate mathematics skills. Section 1 ofthe report discusses young adolescent well-being with regard to communityconnections, health, and education, and notes that many communities haveadopted a proactive approach to youth development. Section 2 summarizes thelatest state trends and includes a state map with county child povertyestimates. Section 3 reviews the background indicators of child population,childcare and early education, family support programs, childhood leadpoisoning, and immunization. Section 4 analyzes each trend indicator. Section5, the bulk of the report, presents state and county profiles. Data indicatethat there have been improvements in indicators related to adolescents.However, economic security indicators have shown declines, and there havebeen mixed results in child health, child safety, and education. (KB)

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    s 15

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    Tee

    n D

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    Acc

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    cide

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    Hig

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    Edu

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    Stu

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    adeq

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    Mat

    h S

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    Prof

    iles

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    Wel

    l-B

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    nC

    ount

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    lpha

    betic

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    rder

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    Dat

    a N

    otes

    and

    Sou

    rces

    9.

    212

    BE

    ST

    CO

    PY

    AV

    AIL

    AB

    LE

    19 21 22 24 26 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 46

  • 10

    KID

    S C

    OU

    NT

    IN M

    ICH

    IGA

    N19

    99 D

    AT

    A B

    OO

    K

    Lis

    t of

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    al le

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    hart

    s

    I.Y

    oung

    Ado

    lesc

    ents

    , age

    s 10

    -14

    IA.

    Posi

    tive

    conn

    ectio

    ns to

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    mun

    ity d

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    e on

    sev

    eral

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    sure

    s be

    twee

    n7t

    h an

    d 9t

    h gr

    ades

    for

    you

    th in

    a ty

    pica

    l Mic

    higa

    n co

    mm

    unity

    .8

    1.2.

    Tw

    o of

    thre

    e in

    dex

    crim

    e ar

    rest

    s of

    Mic

    higa

    n yo

    uth,

    age

    s 10

    -14,

    are

    for

    larc

    eny,

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    mar

    ily s

    hopl

    iftin

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    1.3.

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    denc

    e of

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    se in

    crea

    sed

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    Mic

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    n gi

    rls

    over

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    ly te

    en y

    ears

    .10

    1.4.

    The

    pre

    gnan

    cy r

    ate

    for

    Mic

    higa

    n's

    girl

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    ges

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    ropp

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    y45

    per

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    wee

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    86 a

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    997.

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    S.C

    igar

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    use

    incr

    ease

    s ov

    er th

    e m

    iddl

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    ades

    in M

    ichi

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    1 1

    1.6.

    The

    num

    ber

    of M

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    yout

    h, a

    ges

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    ated

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    ublic

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    44

    perc

    ent b

    etw

    een

    FY 1

    993

    and

    FY 1

    997.

    1 1

    1.7.

    Mos

    t inj

    ury

    deat

    hs f

    or M

    ichi

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    s yo

    ung

    adol

    esce

    nts,

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    s 10

    -14,

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    lt fr

    om a

    n ac

    cide

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    1 1

    I.B

    .T

    he s

    hare

    of

    Mic

    higa

    n se

    vent

    h gr

    ader

    s w

    ith s

    atis

    fact

    ory

    mat

    hsk

    ills

    has

    incr

    ease

    d.12

    1.9.

    The

    sha

    re o

    f M

    ichi

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    s se

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    ader

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    hiev

    ing

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    ory

    scor

    es o

    n M

    EA

    P re

    adin

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    ew.

    12

    1.10

    .M

    ost M

    ichi

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    rade

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    rm a

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    ice

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    lin

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    scie

    nce

    test

    .12

    1. 1

    1 .

    Mos

    t Mic

    higa

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    ghth

    gra

    ders

    dem

    onst

    rate

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    fici

    ency

    in M

    EA

    P w

    ritin

    g te

    st.

    12

    1.12

    .M

    ost m

    iddl

    e gr

    ade

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    ents

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    ichi

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    ienc

    evi

    olen

    ce in

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    ool.

    13

    1.13

    .E

    xpul

    sion

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    ses,

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    l as

    for

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    b du

    ring

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    grad

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    ichi

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    ents

    .14

    III.

    Bac

    kgro

    und

    Indi

    cato

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    iscu

    ssio

    nsR

    H.

    Rou

    ghly

    one

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    our

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    e ch

    ildre

    n in

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    asan

    eth

    nic/

    raci

    al m

    inor

    ity in

    199

    7.21

    111.

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    lmos

    t tw

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    ry th

    ree

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    late

    d ch

    ild c

    are

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    sin

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    e in

    a c

    hild

    car

    e ce

    nter

    .22

    111.

    3.C

    osts

    for

    two

    child

    ren

    in f

    ull-

    time

    care

    con

    sum

    ed a

    thir

    dof

    inco

    me

    for

    two-

    pare

    nt f

    amily

    at 1

    85 p

    erce

    nt o

    f po

    vert

    y in

    Mic

    higa

    n23

    113

  • 4LI

    ST

    OF

    CH

    AR

    TS

    , MA

    PS

    AN

    D T

    AB

    LES12

    II

    :

    Cha

    rts

    (con

    td)

    III.

    Bac

    kgro

    und

    Indi

    cato

    r D

    iscu

    ssio

    ns (

    cont

    d)11

    1.4.

    The

    num

    ber

    of M

    ichi

    gan

    fam

    ilies

    obt

    aini

    ng a

    sub

    sidy

    for

    child

    car

    e ex

    pand

    ed d

    ram

    atic

    ally

    bet

    wee

    n FY

    199

    5 an

    d 19

    98.

    2311

    1.5.

    Chi

    ldre

    n re

    pres

    ente

    d th

    e m

    ajor

    ity o

    f fo

    od s

    tam

    pre

    cipi

    ents

    in M

    ichi

    gan

    in 1

    998.

    2411

    1.6.

    Rou

    ghly

    thre

    e of

    fiv

    e pe

    ople

    rec

    eivi

    ng c

    ash

    assi

    stan

    cein

    Mic

    higa

    n ar

    e ch

    ildre

    n.25

    111.

    7.M

    ichi

    gan'

    s FI

    P gr

    ants

    and

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    ista

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    ff le

    vels

    , as

    wel

    l as

    full-

    time

    min

    imum

    wag

    eem

    ploy

    men

    t, do

    not

    lift

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    amily

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    e ab

    ove

    pove

    rty

    leve

    l.25

    111.

    8.Sh

    are

    of M

    edic

    aid

    child

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    ivin

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    care

    fel

    lbe

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    n 19

    95 a

    nd 1

    997

    in M

    ichi

    gan.

    2511

    1.9.

    Few

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    higa

    n to

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    nder

    age

    thre

    e w

    ere

    test

    ed f

    or le

    ad in

    199

    7-98

    alth

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    y w

    ere

    at r

    isk

    26IV

    . Tre

    nd I

    ndic

    ator

    Dis

    cuss

    ions

    IV.1

    Chi

    ld p

    over

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    spec

    ially

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    s 0-

    4),

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    iste

    d in

    the

    mid

    -199

    0s in

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    higa

    n.28

    IV.2

    .E

    ligib

    ility

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    or F

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    port

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    gram

    s (F

    amily

    of

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    IV.3

    .O

    nly

    7 pe

    rcen

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    ible

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    ldre

    n pa

    rtic

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    Prog

    ram

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    30IV

    .4.

    Rat

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    rop

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    995.

    31

    IV.5

    .M

    ichi

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    ecei

    ving

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    te p

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    are

    wer

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    so m

    ore

    likel

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    e lo

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    irth

    -wei

    ght b

    abie

    s.32

    IV.6

    .In

    fant

    mor

    talit

    y ra

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    ican

    Am

    eric

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    wor

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    untie

    s ou

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    ayne

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    wee

    n 19

    95 a

    nd 1

    997.

    33IV

    .7.

    Hal

    f of

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    ildre

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    ges

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    , in

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    sulte

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    om in

    jury

    in 1

    997.

    34IV

    .8.

    In r

    ough

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    0 pe

    rcen

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    stig

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    97, r

    epor

    ts w

    ere

    not s

    ubst

    antia

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    ecau

    se o

    f in

    suff

    icie

    nt e

    vide

    nce.

    35IV

    .9.

    The

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    est s

    hare

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    se o

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    glec

    tin

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    n su

    ffer

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    rom

    phy

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    l neg

    lect

    in 1

    997.

    36IV

    .10.

    The

    gro

    win

    g nu

    mbe

    rs o

    f ch

    ildre

    n pl

    aced

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    ativ

    es a

    re n

    otre

    flec

    ted

    in th

    e ou

    t-of

    -hom

    e co

    unt i

    n M

    ichi

    gan.

    37

    13

  • 14

    KID

    S C

    OU

    NT

    IN M

    ICH

    IGA

    N19

    99 D

    AT

    A B

    OO

    K

    Cha

    rts

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    td)

    IV. T

    rend

    Ind

    icat

    or D

    iscu

    ssio

    ns (

    cont

    d)IV

    .11.

    The

    big

    gest

    impr

    ovem

    ent i

    n bi

    rth

    rate

    for

    you

    nger

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    s,ag

    es 1

    5-17

    , occ

    urre

    d in

    199

    7.38

    IV.1

    2. E

    ight

    of

    ten

    teen

    dea

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    amon

    g ol

    der

    Mic

    higa

    n te

    ens

    resu

    lted

    from

    an

    inju

    ry.

    39IV

    .13.

    Juv

    enile

    arr

    est r

    ates

    for

    inde

    x an

    d vi

    olen

    t ind

    ex c

    rim

    es in

    Mic

    higa

    nha

    ve d

    ropp

    ed in

    rec

    ent y

    ears

    .40

    IV.1

    4. T

    he m

    ost c

    omm

    on S

    peci

    al E

    duca

    tion

    diag

    nose

    s va

    ried

    dra

    mat

    ical

    lyby

    age

    gro

    up in

    Mic

    higa

    n42

    IV.1

    5. L

    arge

    r sh

    ares

    of

    mid

    dle

    grad

    es s

    tude

    nts

    in M

    ichi

    gan

    perf

    orm

    edbe

    low

    sat

    isfa

    ctor

    y le

    vel o

    n m

    ath

    ME

    AP

    test

    .43

    Map

    s II.1

    Chi

    ld P

    over

    ty in

    Mic

    higa

    n C

    ount

    ies

    18

    III.

    1Im

    mun

    izat

    ion

    Rat

    es in

    Mic

    higa

    n C

    ount

    ies

    and

    Surv

    ey R

    egio

    ns27

    Tab

    les II.1

    Mic

    higa

    n's

    1999

    Ran

    king

    s on

    Chi

    ld W

    ell-

    Bei

    ng I

    ndic

    ator

    s17

    III.

    Bac

    kgro

    und

    Indi

    cato

    r D

    iscu

    ssio

    nsR

    egul

    ated

    Chi

    ld C

    are

    Faci

    litie

    s in

    Mic

    higa

    n: C

    apac

    ity b

    y T

    ype

    22

    111.

    2.T

    estin

    g Y

    oung

    Chi

    ldre

    n fo

    r L

    ead

    Pois

    onin

    g: T

    en B

    est a

    nd T

    en W

    orst

    Mic

    higa

    n C

    ount

    ies

    26

    IV. T

    rend

    Ind

    icat

    or D

    iscu

    ssio

    nsIV

    A.

    1998

    Fed

    eral

    Pov

    erty

    Gui

    delin

    es28

    IV.2

    .R

    easo

    ns f

    or R

    efer

    rals

    to A

    ltern

    ativ

    e E

    duca

    tion

    Prog

    ram

    s in

    Mic

    higa

    n41

    1aLI

    ST

    OF

    CH

    AR

    TS

    , MA

    PS

    AN

    D T

    AB

    LES

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  • 616

    KID

    S C

    OU

    NT

    IN M

    ICH

    IGA

    N19

    99 D

    AT

    A B

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    K4.

    ore

    oT

    his

    year

    's K

    ids

    Cou

    nt in

    Mic

    higa

    n da

    ta b

    ook

    has

    prep

    ared

    a s

    peci

    al f

    ocus

    on

    youn

    g ad

    oles

    cent

    s, a

    ges

    10-1

    4, th

    atca

    n in

    form

    and

    enl

    ight

    en c

    omm

    unity

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    bers

    , dec

    isio

    n m

    aker

    s an

    d th

    e ge

    nera

    l pub

    lic a

    bout

    the

    circ

    umst

    ance

    san

    d ne

    eds

    of y

    oung

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    s in

    this

    age

    gro

    up. A

    gro

    win

    g nu

    mbe

    r of

    pol

    icie

    s th

    at h

    ave

    an im

    pact

    on th

    ese

    youn

    gpe

    ople

    are

    em

    ergi

    ng a

    t the

    sta

    te a

    nd f

    eder

    al le

    vel.

    A f

    ocus

    on

    this

    par

    ticul

    ar a

    ge g

    roup

    rec

    ogni

    zes

    the

    pivo

    tal r

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    this

    sta

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    f lif

    e pl

    ays

    in s

    hapi

    ng in

    divi

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    futu

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    Dur

    ing

    thes

    e ye

    ars

    youn

    gste

    rs b

    egin

    the

    tran

    sitio

    n fr

    om c

    hild

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    to a

    dulth

    ood.

    With

    out p

    ositi

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    uida

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    xplo

    ratio

    n an

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    peri

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    tatio

    n, th

    ey a

    re v

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    rabl

    e to

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    y ne

    gativ

    epr

    essu

    res

    and

    infl

    uenc

    es. T

    he r

    epor

    t dis

    cuss

    es th

    ese

    fact

    ors

    and

    high

    light

    s th

    e w

    ays

    Mic

    higa

    n co

    mm

    uniti

    esar

    e in

    volv

    ed in

    asse

    ssin

    g an

    d im

    plem

    entin

    g w

    ays

    to f

    oste

    r po

    sitiv

    e yo

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    deve

    lopm

    ent,

    incl

    udin

    g in

    nova

    tive

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    atio

    nap

    -pr

    oach

    es.

    Edu

    cato

    rs a

    re r

    ecog

    nizi

    ng th

    e im

    port

    ance

    of

    impr

    ovin

    g te

    achi

    ng a

    nd le

    arni

    ng f

    or y

    outh

    in th

    e m

    iddl

    e gr

    ades

    . For

    exam

    ple,

    Mic

    higa

    n M

    iddl

    e St

    art,

    an in

    itiat

    ive

    fund

    ed b

    y th

    e W

    .K. K

    ello

    gg F

    ound

    atio

    n, h

    as d

    emon

    stra

    ted

    that

    rese

    arch

    -bas

    ed s

    trat

    egie

    s in

    mid

    dle

    grad

    es s

    choo

    ls th

    at p

    rom

    ote

    acad

    emic

    exc

    elle

    nce,

    dev

    elop

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    tal r

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    nsiv

    e-ne

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    nd s

    ocia

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    an m

    ake

    a di

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    ence

    , par

    ticul

    arly

    for

    low

    inco

    me

    stud

    ents

    .

    Thi

    s re

    port

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    nts

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    ing

    effo

    rt o

    f th

    e K

    ids

    Cou

    nt in

    Mic

    higa

    n pr

    ojec

    t to

    info

    rm p

    ublic

    pol

    icy

    and

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    com

    mun

    ity a

    ctio

    n w

    ith th

    e m

    ost c

    urre

    nt a

    nd r

    elia

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    info

    rmat

    ion

    avai

    labl

    e. W

    e ho

    peyo

    u w

    ill jo

    in u

    s in

    this

    ende

    avor

    by

    usin

    g th

    is in

    form

    atio

    n to

    mak

    e a

    diff

    eren

    ce in

    live

    s of

    the

    stat

    e's

    child

    ren

    and

    thei

    r fa

    mili

    es.

    Sinc

    erel

    y,

    Deb

    orah

    Str

    ong,

    Cha

    irA

    dvis

    ory

    Com

    mitt

    ee

    17

  • uc 1

    0r.

    '131

    Mtif

    fi

    You

    ng a

    dole

    scen

    ce is

    a ti

    me

    of h

    ope

    and

    prom

    ise,

    anxi

    ety

    and

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    essi

    onof

    ten

    all a

    t the

    sam

    e tim

    e. I

    t is

    a ch

    alle

    nge

    to p

    aren

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    nd c

    omm

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    es to

    ass

    ist y

    outh

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    ey b

    egin

    the

    tran

    sitio

    n to

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    lthoo

    d. D

    urin

    g th

    isst

    age,

    chi

    ldre

    n be

    com

    e le

    ss in

    sula

    ted

    by th

    eir

    fam

    ilies

    and

    mor

    e vu

    lner

    able

    to th

    e so

    cial

    and

    eco

    nom

    icdi

    men

    sion

    s of

    thei

    r co

    mm

    uniti

    es.

    You

    ng A

    dole

    scen

    ts (

    Sec

    tion

    One

    )

    Thi

    s ye

    ar's

    ann

    ual M

    ichi

    gan

    data

    boo

    k fe

    atur

    esav

    aila

    ble

    data

    abo

    ut M

    ichi

    gan'

    s yo

    ung

    adol

    esce

    nts,

    ages

    10-

    14. I

    n th

    e fi

    rst s

    ectio

    n th

    ese

    indi

    cato

    rs a

    rere

    view

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    ount

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    n se

    vera

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    icat

    ors

    are

    also

    incl

    uded

    in e

    ach

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    rofi

    le.'

    Ava

    ilabl

    e in

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    tors

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    ostly

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    ut r

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    fact

    ors,

    nec

    essa

    rily

    sha

    pe th

    edi

    scus

    sion

    ; the

    pur

    pose

    is to

    pre

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    the

    curr

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    mea

    sure

    s to

    ass

    ess

    the

    wel

    l-be

    ing

    of th

    is a

    ge g

    roup

    .In

    dica

    tors

    are

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    uped

    for

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    cuss

    ion

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    thre

    e ar

    eas:

    com

    mun

    ity, h

    ealth

    and

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    catio

    n.

    Rat

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    than

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    "fi

    x" p

    robl

    ems

    of r

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    yco

    mm

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    es in

    the

    stat

    e ha

    ve a

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    ed a

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    activ

    eap

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    ch to

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    th d

    evel

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    ent w

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    foc

    us o

    nbu

    ildin

    g "a

    sset

    s" in

    you

    th, t

    heir

    fam

    ilies

    and

    com

    mun

    ities

    . For

    com

    mun

    ities

    , thi

    s st

    rate

    gy in

    volv

    escr

    eatin

    g op

    port

    uniti

    es f

    or y

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    to h

    ave

    cari

    ngre

    latio

    nshi

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    dults

    and

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    ticip

    ate

    in e

    ngag

    ing

    and

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    ful a

    ctiv

    ities

    that

    bui

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    and

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    ense

    of c

    ompe

    tenc

    y. R

    esea

    rch

    has

    show

    n th

    at y

    oung

    peo

    ple

    with

    suc

    h "a

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    re m

    ore

    likel

    y to

    mak

    e a

    succ

    essf

    ultr

    ansi

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    to a

    dulth

    ood.

    Thi

    s as

    set s

    trat

    egy

    is e

    choe

    d on

    eac

    h co

    unty

    's p

    rofi

    lepa

    ges,

    whi

    ch f

    eatu

    re w

    ays

    indi

    vidu

    als

    and

    com

    mun

    ities

    can

    part

    icip

    ate

    in th

    is p

    roce

    ss. T

    he s

    tate

    pro

    file

    high

    light

    s th

    e im

    port

    ance

    of

    stay

    ing

    info

    rmed

    as

    J8

    KID

    S C

    OU

    NT

    IN M

    ICH

    IGA

    N19

    99 D

    AT

    A B

    OO

    K

    citiz

    ens

    abou

    t the

    pro

    gres

    s on

    the

    com

    mon

    age

    nda

    toim

    prov

    e th

    e w

    ell-

    bein

    g of

    chi

    ldre

    n an

    d th

    eir

    fam

    ilies

    .Y

    outh

    at h

    ighe

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    are

    the

    leas

    t lik

    ely

    to h

    ave

    acce

    ssto

    ass

    et-b

    uild

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    oppo

    rtun

    ities

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    indi

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    al m

    embe

    rsof

    loca

    l, st

    ate

    and

    natio

    nal c

    omm

    uniti

    es, s

    tate

    res

    iden

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    n ad

    voca

    te f

    or s

    trat

    egie

    s to

    red

    uce

    risk

    s at

    tach

    ed to

    livin

    g in

    pov

    erty

    and

    dro

    ppin

    g ou

    t of

    high

    sch

    ool a

    ndin

    crea

    se th

    e as

    sets

    of

    all y

    outh

    by

    impr

    ovin

    g ac

    cess

    toqu

    ality

    hea

    lth c

    are,

    ade

    quat

    e ho

    usin

    g, a

    fter

    -sch

    ool

    prog

    ram

    s an

    d de

    velo

    pmen

    tally

    app

    ropr

    iate

    mid

    dle

    grad

    es e

    duca

    tion.

    Ove

    rvie

    w o

    f the

    Boo

    k(S

    ectio

    ns T

    wo

    thro

    ugh

    Fiv

    e)

    As

    in p

    revi

    ous

    book

    s, th

    is y

    ear's

    rep

    ort i

    nclu

    des

    asu

    mm

    ary

    of th

    e la

    test

    chi

    ld w

    ell-

    bein

    g st

    ate

    tren

    dsac

    ross

    the

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    tren

    d in

    dica

    tors

    gro

    uped

    in th

    e fi

    vedo

    mai

    ns o

    f ch

    ild w

    ell-

    bein

    g: e

    cono

    mic

    sec

    urity

    , chi

    ldhe

    alth

    , chi

    ld s

    afet

    y, e

    duca

    tion

    and

    adol

    esce

    nce.

    Thi

    ssu

    mm

    ary,

    a s

    tate

    map

    with

    the

    late

    st c

    ount

    y ch

    ildpo

    vert

    y es

    timat

    es a

    nd th

    e da

    ily o

    utco

    mes

    for

    the

    stat

    e's

    child

    ren

    ("E

    very

    Day

    in M

    ichi

    gan"

    ) co

    mpr

    ise

    the

    seco

    nd s

    ectio

    n.

    The

    thir

    d se

    ctio

    n pr

    esen

    ts a

    rev

    iew

    of

    the

    back

    grou

    ndin

    dica

    tors

    , suc

    h as

    pop

    ulat

    ion

    and

    child

    car

    e. A

    lso

    incl

    uded

    is a

    sum

    mar

    y of

    the

    curr

    ent s

    tatu

    s of

    imm

    uniz

    atio

    n ra

    tes

    for

    the

    stat

    e an

    d re

    gion

    s. S

    ince

    this

    info

    rmat

    ion

    was

    ava

    ilabl

    e fo

    r on

    ly a

    few

    larg

    e co

    untie

    s,it

    was

    not

    pre

    sent

    ed in

    the

    coun

    ty p

    rofi

    les

    The

    fou

    rth

    sect

    ion

    prov

    ides

    ana

    lysi

    s of

    eac

    h tr

    end

    indi

    cato

    r. T

    hey

    are

    disc

    usse

    d in

    the

    orde

    r pr

    esen

    ted

    onth

    e tr

    end

    char

    t in

    the

    coun

    ty p

    rofi

    les.

    The

    fif

    th s

    ectio

    nco

    ntai

    ns th

    e tw

    o-pa

    ge s

    tate

    and

    cou

    nty

    prof

    iles.

    For

    deta

    iled

    info

    rmat

    ion

    abou

    t the

    sou

    rce

    of th

    e nu

    mbe

    rs,

    read

    ers

    may

    rev

    iew

    the

    Dat

    a N

    otes

    and

    Sou

    rces

    at t

    heen

    d of

    the

    book

    .

    Whi

    le in

    dica

    tors

    are

    arr

    ange

    d in

    the

    vari

    ous

    dom

    ains

    of

    child

    wel

    l-be

    ing,

    suc

    h an

    arr

    ange

    men

    t doe

    s no

    till

    ustr

    ate

    the

    sign

    ific

    ant c

    onne

    ctio

    n am

    ong

    man

    y of

    thes

    e ou

    tcom

    es. F

    or e

    xam

    ple,

    the

    dept

    h an

    d le

    ngth

    of

    fam

    ily a

    nd c

    hild

    pov

    erty

    sig

    nifi

    cant

    ly a

    ffec

    ts th

    elik

    elih

    ood

    of lo

    w b

    irth

    -wei

    ght b

    abie

    s, c

    hild

    dea

    ths,

    child

    neg

    lect

    , arr

    ests

    , and

    hig

    h sc

    hool

    dro

    pout

    s. S

    ome

    mea

    sure

    s co

    uld

    also

    be

    liste

    d in

    oth

    er c

    ateg

    orie

    s; f

    orex

    ampl

    e, h

    igh

    scho

    ol d

    ropo

    ut c

    ould

    be

    grou

    ped

    unde

    red

    ucat

    ion

    rath

    er th

    an a

    dole

    scen

    ce.

    Rea

    ders

    are

    cau

    tione

    d th

    at s

    ome

    mea

    sure

    s m

    ay b

    edi

    ffic

    ult t

    o in

    terp

    ret,

    but t

    hey

    prov

    ide

    citiz

    ens,

    advo

    cate

    s, a

    nd d

    ecis

    ion

    mak

    ers

    tren

    d in

    form

    atio

    n th

    atth

    ey c

    an c

    ompa

    re to

    oth

    er m

    easu

    res

    and

    loca

    litie

    s. F

    orex

    ampl

    e, th

    e nu

    mbe

    rs a

    nd r

    ates

    of

    child

    ren

    serv

    ed b

    yth

    e ch

    ild p

    rote

    ctiv

    e se

    rvic

    es s

    yste

    m, a

    rres

    ted,

    or

    part

    icip

    atin

    g in

    spe

    cial

    edu

    catio

    n m

    ay n

    ot a

    ccur

    atel

    yre

    flec

    t the

    .leve

    l of

    the

    unde

    rlyi

    ng p

    robl

    em in

    the

    stat

    eor

    a p

    artic

    ular

    cou

    nty.

    Cha

    nges

    in th

    ese

    indi

    cato

    rs m

    ayha

    ve m

    ore

    to d

    o w

    ith a

    ltera

    tions

    in f

    undi

    ng o

    r po

    licie

    sth

    an s

    hift

    s in

    the

    actu

    al p

    opul

    atio

    n at

    ris

    k.

    1.T

    he n

    umbe

    rs o

    f in

    cide

    nces

    and

    not

    the

    rate

    s ar

    e pr

    esen

    ted

    in th

    eco

    unty

    pro

    file

    s si

    nce

    inci

    denc

    es f

    or m

    ost c

    ount

    ies

    on th

    ese

    indi

    cato

    rs w

    ere

    belo

    w th

    e le

    vel f

    or a

    sta

    tistic

    ally

    rel

    iabl

    e ra

    te.

    197

  • You

    nA

    dole

    scen

    tsC

    omm

    unity

    Com

    mun

    ities

    hav

    e a

    criti

    cal r

    ole

    to p

    lay

    in th

    e w

    ell-

    bein

    g of

    thei

    r yo

    ung

    adol

    esce

    nts.

    One

    of

    the

    mos

    tst

    riki

    ng f

    indi

    ngs

    of a

    rec

    ent s

    urve

    y of

    Mic

    higa

    n m

    iddl

    egr

    ader

    s re

    veal

    ed th

    at a

    lmos

    t hal

    f of

    them

    spe

    nd th

    ree

    orm

    ore

    days

    alo

    ne a

    t hom

    e af

    ter

    scho

    ol o

    n a

    regu

    lar

    basi

    s.' E

    ven

    mor

    e cr

    itica

    lly, r

    ecen

    t ana

    lysi

    s ha

    s sh

    own

    that

    thos

    e M

    ichi

    gan

    mid

    dle-

    grad

    ers

    who

    spe

    nd th

    ree

    hour

    s or

    mor

    e ho

    me

    alon

    e on

    a r

    egul

    ar b

    asis

    hav

    esi

    gnif

    ican

    tly h

    ighe

    r le

    vels

    of

    depr

    essi

    on a

    nd b

    ehav

    ior

    prob

    lem

    s th

    an th

    ose

    hom

    e al

    one

    regu

    larl

    y fo

    r le

    ss th

    anth

    ree

    hour

    s.' (

    The

    se o

    utco

    mes

    occ

    urre

    d in

    depe

    nden

    t of

    fam

    ily in

    com

    e le

    vel.)

    The

    per

    cent

    age

    of M

    ichi

    gan

    mid

    dle-

    grad

    ers

    hom

    e al

    one

    for

    thre

    e or

    mor

    e ho

    urs

    ona

    regu

    lar

    basi

    s in

    crea

    ses

    from

    22

    to 4

    2 pe

    rcen

    t bet

    wee

    nsi

    xth

    and

    eigh

    th g

    rade

    .'

    Res

    earc

    h ha

    s al

    so d

    emon

    stra

    ted

    that

    bei

    ngun

    supe

    rvis

    ed a

    fter

    sch

    ool d

    oubl

    es th

    e ri

    sk th

    at y

    outh

    will

    sm

    oke,

    dri

    nk o

    r ab

    use

    drug

    s.' A

    rres

    ts f

    or v

    iole

    ntcr

    imes

    and

    oth

    er m

    isbe

    havi

    or a

    lso

    peak

    dur

    ing

    afte

    rsch

    ool h

    ours

    bef

    ore

    6 p.

    m. C

    onve

    rsel

    y, m

    eani

    ngfu

    lpa

    rtic

    ipat

    ion

    in g

    roup

    act

    iviti

    es o

    utsi

    de s

    choo

    l hou

    rsno

    t onl

    y oc

    cupi

    es y

    outh

    dur

    ing

    thes

    e ho

    urs,

    it c

    anpr

    ovid

    e po

    sitiv

    e in

    tera

    ctio

    n an

    d re

    latio

    nshi

    ps w

    ithpe

    ers

    and

    adul

    t men

    tors

    . Ava

    ilabl

    e da

    ta s

    ugge

    st th

    at a

    maj

    ority

    of

    Mic

    higa

    n yo

    uth

    do n

    ot e

    njoy

    man

    y po

    sitiv

    ebo

    nds

    to th

    eir

    com

    mun

    ity, s

    uch

    as s

    uppo

    rt f

    rom

    thre

    eor

    mor

    e no

    n-pa

    rent

    adu

    lts o

    r a

    perc

    eptio

    n of

    bei

    ngva

    lued

    com

    mun

    ity m

    embe

    rs. C

    omm

    unity

    mem

    bers

    have

    a r

    ole

    to p

    lay

    in a

    ll fo

    ur y

    outh

    dev

    elop

    men

    t ass

    etar

    eas

    outli

    ned

    by th

    e Se

    arch

    Ins

    titut

    e: 1

    ) su

    ppor

    t;2)

    em

    pow

    erm

    ent;

    3) a

    rtic

    ulat

    ion

    of b

    ound

    arie

    s an

    dex

    pect

    atio

    ns; a

    nd 4

    ) co

    nstr

    uctiv

    e us

    e of

    tim

    e.5

    8S

    EC

    TIO

    N I.

    YO

    UN

    G A

    DO

    SIN

    TS

    , AG

    ES

    10-

    14

    KID

    SC

    OU

    NT

    IN M

    ICH

    IGA

    N19

    99 D

    AT

    A B

    OO

    K

    Cha

    rt 1

    .1P

    ositi

    ve c

    onne

    ctio

    ns to

    com

    mun

    ityde

    clin

    e on

    sev

    eral

    mea

    sure

    s be

    twee

    n7t

    h an

    d 9t

    h gr

    ade

    for

    yout

    h in

    a ty

    pica

    lM

    ichi

    gan

    com

    mun

    ity.

    Ser

    vii

    to o

    the

    You

    th s

    eeas

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    ourc

    e

    Com

    mun

    iva

    lues

    you

    Can

    nne

    ighb

    or

    Oth

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    nshi

    p

    E19

    th

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    11 It

    010

    2030

    40P

    erce

    nt o

    f Res

    pond

    ents

    50

    Not

    e: O

    ther

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    lt re

    latio

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    ps in

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    e ad

    ults

    oth

    er th

    an p

    aren

    ts.

    Sou

    rce:

    Sea

    rch

    Inst

    itute

    , 199

    7

    Whi

    le lo

    cal c

    omm

    unity

    atti

    tude

    s an

    d po

    licie

    s cl

    earl

    ysh

    ape

    such

    inst

    itutio

    ns a

    s sc

    hool

    s, th

    ey a

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    ctth

    e w

    ay y

    outh

    are

    trea

    ted

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    cal l

    aw e

    nfor

    cem

    ent

    and

    the

    cour

    ts. L

    ocal

    off

    icer

    s ex

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    se m

    eani

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    scre

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    f th

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    ichi

    gan

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    cent

    s,ag

    es 1

    0-14

    , in

    1997

    , mos

    t inv

    olve

    d th

    eft.'

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