Doctoral Degrees Conferred Source: NSF, Survey of Earned Doctorates1

Doctoral Degrees Conferred

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

All fieldsS&ESocial sciences

Source: NSF, Survey of Earned Doctorates 1

International Student Enrollment

1999/00

2000/01

2001/02

2002/03

2003/04

2004/05

2005/06

2006/07

2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

2011/12

2012/13

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

Total International Student EnrollmentMaster's-levelBaccalaureate-levelDoctoral-level

Source: IIE, Open Doors 2

Trend of the Economic Benefits of International Student Enrollment in U.S.

Source: NAFSA, International Student Economic Value Tool 3

Source: NAFSA, International Student Economic Value Tool

Total U.S. Direct and Indirect Jobs Created/Supported: As a result of the economic benefit of international Students

4

Earnings by level of education:Persons 25- 64 years old, 2010

Not a high school graduate

High school graduate only

Some college, no degree

Associate's

Bachelor's

Master's

Professional

Doctorate

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000

Average Earnings by Level of Highest Degree (dollars)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey 5

Average Earnings by Highest Degree Earned: 2010

Not a high

school g

raduate

High sc

hool grad

uate only

Some c

ollege

, no deg

ree

Associa

te's

Bachelo

r's

Master'

s

Profes

sional

Doctorat

e

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

110,000

120,000

130,000

HispanicAfrican American

White

HispanicAfrican AmericanWhite

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, unpublished data 6

Doctoral Recipients by Gender

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

WomenMen

Source: NSF; Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities, 2012 7

Doctoral Degrees Conferred: Women

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Life SciencesPhysical SciencesSocial SciencesEngineeringEducationHumanitiesOther

Life Sciences: agricultural sciences and natural resources, biological, biomedical, and health sciencesPhysical Sciences: chemistry, computer and information sciences, geosciences, mathematics, physics, and astronomySocial Sciences: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, and otherEngineering: aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical, chemical, civil, electrical, electronics, communication, industrial, manufacturing, materials science, mechanical, and other Education: administration, research, teacher education, teaching fields, and otherHumanities: foreign language, history, letters, and otherOther: business management and administration, communication, non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified, and unknown


Doctoral Degrees Conferred: Men

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Life SciencesPhysical SciencesSocial SciencesEngineeringEducationHumanitiesOther

Life Sciences: agricultural sciences and natural resources, biological, biomedical, and health sciencesPhysical Sciences: chemistry, computer and information sciences, geosciences, mathematics, physics, and astronomySocial Sciences: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, and otherEngineering: aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical, chemical, civil, electrical, electronics, communication, industrial, manufacturing, materials science, mechanical, and other Education: administration, research, teacher education, teaching fields, and otherHumanities: foreign language, history, letters, and otherOther: business management and administration, communication, non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified, and unknown


Grants and Loans as a Percentage of Funds from Total Aid and Nonfederal Loans for Graduate Students,

1990-91 to 2012-13

90-91

91-92

92-93

93-94

94-95

95-96

96-97

97-98

98-99

99-00

00-01

01-02

02-03

03-04

04-05

05-06

06-07

07-08

08-09

09-10

10-11

11-12

12-13

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

GrantsLoans

Source: The College Board, Trends in Student Aid 2013 10

Graduate Student Aid by Source and Type (in Billions), 2012-13

$1.8

$0.1

$33.7

$3.4$0.2

$9.5

$4.7

Federal Grant ProgramsFederal Work-StudyFederal LoansEducation Tax Credits and DeductionsState GrantsInstitutional GrantsPrivate and Employer Grants

Federal Grant Programs: 3%Federal Work-Study: 0.2%Federal Loans: 63%Education Tax Credits and Deductions: 6%Institutional Grants: 18%Private and Employer Grants: 9%

Source: The College Board, Trends in Student Aid 2013

Total: $53.4 Billion

11

Total Graduate Student Aid in 2012 Dollars (in Millions), 1992-93 to 2012-13, Selected years


Average Aid per Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Graduate Student in 2012 Dollars, 1997-98 to 2012-13

1997-98

1998-99

1999-00

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000

$18,000

$20,000

Average Grant Aid per FTEAverge Federal Loan per FTE

Aver

age

Aid

in 2

012

dolla

rs


Average Annual Percentage Change in First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Citizenship,

Race/Ethnicity, and Gender, Fall 2002 to Fall 2012Se

ries1

2.3% 1.

0%

3.4% 6.

1%

5.9%

1.5% 2.6%

2.6% 1.

0%

4.0% 5.

7%

5.2%

1.7%

5.0%

Men Women

To

tal

Am

eric

an

In

dia

n/

Ala

ska

N

ativ

e

Asi

an

/Pa

cific

Isla

nd

er

Bla

ck/

Afr

ica

n

Am

eri-

can

His

pa

nic

/

La

tino

Wh

ite

Te

mp

ora

ry

Re

sid

en

ts

Source: CGS/GRE Survey of Graduate Enrollment and Degrees 14

Trends in Graduate Degrees Awarded by Institution Type, 2001-02 to 2011-12

Total Doctoral Degrees

Public Institu-tions

Private, not-for-profit In-stitutions

Total Master's Degrees

Public Institu-tions

Private, not-for-profit In-stitutions

5.7%

4.8%

8.0%

2.4% 3.2%

2.9%5.

4%

4.5% 6.

0%

3.4% 4.0%

3.2%5.

4%

5.0% 5.5%

4.9%

4.5%

3.2%

% Change 2010-11 to 2011-12

Avg. Annual % Chg. 2006-07 to 2011-12

Avg. Annual % Chg. 2001-02 to 2011-12

Doctoral Degrees Master's Degrees


Graduate Application Acceptance Rates by Carnegie Classification and Degree level,

Fall 2012

Total

Research Univ. (very high research)

Research Univ. (high research)

Doctoral/Research Universities

Master's Colleges and Universities

Other

21%

18%

27%

37%

40%

23%

49%

39%

54%

63%

63%

52%

Master's/Other Doctoral


First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Broad Field and Gender, Fall 2012

TotalArts and Humanities

Biological & Agric. Sci.Business

EducationEngineering

Health SciencesMath & Computer Sci.

Physical & Earth Sci.Public Admin. & Svcs.

Social & Behavioral Sci.Other Fields

42%43%46%

56%26%

76%22%

69%61%

23%38%40%

58%57%54%

44%75%

25%78%

31%39%

78%62%60%

Men Women


First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Carnegie Classification and Attendance Status, fall 2012

Total

Research Univ. (very high research)

Research Univ. (high research)

Doctoral/Research Universities

Master's Colleges and Universities

Other

67%

81%

65%

60%

49%

70%

33%

19%

35%

40%

51%

30%

Full-Time Part-Time


First-Time Graduate Enrollment by broad Field and degree level, Fall 2012







16%22%

39%3%

10%25%

23%20%

60%3%

26%8%

84%78%

61%97%

90%75%

78%80%

40%97%

74%92%

Doctoral Master's/Other


Total Graduate Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity, Fall 2012

Hispanic/Latino8.5% American Indian/Alaska Native; 0.6%

Asian; 5.8%

Black/African Amer-ican; 12.5%

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander,

0.3%

White; 62.2%

Two or More Races; 1.8%

Race/Ethnicity Unknown; 8.3%


Total Graduate Enrollment by Broad Field and Attendance Status, Fall 2012







57%69%

78%50%

40%70%

59%63%

83%63%

67%55%

43%31%

22%50%

60%30%

41%37%

17%37%

33%45%

Full-Time Part-Time


Size & Scope of U.S. Graduate Education

2012-2013 Academic Year:1,911 institutions ≈ 3 million students in postbaccalaureate ≈ 1 million degrees conferred (MA and PhD.)692,000 master’s degrees163,765 doctoral degrees CGS institutions award 78% of master’s

degrees, and nearly all doctorate degrees


The American Graduate Student• 58.6% Female• 11.4% international• 28.9% underrepresented minority• 43.7% part-time• 45.6% of students are over the age of 30• 40.1% married, 34.8% married with children• 70.4% receive some form of student financial

assistance

Source: NCES -- Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2012; Digest of Education Statistics; and National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 2011-12

23

Degree Attainment• Master’s degrees

- Women earn 61.8% of all master’s degrees- Minority representation improving, but still low: African American 12.5%, Hispanic/Latino7.3%,

Asian/Pacific 6.8%, American Indian /Alaskan Native 0.6%

- Education and business are half the degrees earned- Number of master’s increased by 54% since 2000- 3.4% average annual increase at the master’s level

• Doctoral Degrees- Number of doctoral degrees increased by 37% since 2000- Projected 66,800 doctoral degrees by the 2016-17 academic year- 5.4% average annual increase in degree production

Source: NCES, Digest of Education Statistics 24

Graduate Enrollment Trends

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07*

2007-08*

2008-09*

2009-10*

2010-11*

2011-12*

2012-13*

2013-14*

2014-15*

2015-16*

2016-17*

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

DoctorateMaster's

Source: NCES, Digest of Education Statistics*Projected

Thou

sand

s

25

Doctoral Enrollment by Gender

Source: NCES, Digest of Education Statistics*Projected

2000-01 2005-06 2010-11* 2014-15* 2016-17*0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Total DoctorateMenWomen

26

Graduate Student Enrollment

• Graduate Enrollment and Degrees received nearly 1.98 million applications39.6% had been accepted into at least 1 program62.6% first-time graduate students enrolled at a public university67% of all first-time graduate students were enrolled full-time 83.6% first-time graduate students were enrolled in programs leading

to a master’s degree or graduate certificate16.4% of all first-time graduate students were enrolling in doctoral

programs 17.8% first-time graduate enrollees were international students


Percentage of Students Enrolled in Postsecondary Institutions who took Distance

Education Courses, Fall 2012

No distance education courses

At least one distance education course

Exclusively distance education courses

70.2%

22.0%

7.8%

Note: Of exclusively distance education courses, 8.7% were enrolled in the same state, 12.1% different state, 0.2% state not known, 0.5% outside of the U.S., 0.5% location unknown

Source: NCES, Digest of Education Statistics 28

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

400.0

450.0

500.0

United States European Union France Germany United Kingdom China Japan

South Korea

PP

P $

bill

ion

sGross Domestic Expenditures on R&D

by Selected Countries, 1981-2011

Source: National Research Council, Science and Engineering Indicators, 2014, Appendix Table 4-13

29

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

United States European Union France Germany United Kingdom China Japan

South Korea

Pe

rce

nt

Gross Domestic Expenditures on R&D as Percentage Share of GDP by Selected Countries

1981-2011

Data Source: National Research Council, Science and Engineering Indicators, 2014, Appendix Table 4-13

30

03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000

$10,000

Federal Work-Study State Grant Programs Institutional Grants Private & Employer Grants Federal Grants (Non-VA Benefits)

Note: Figures for AY2012/13 are preliminary.

In M

il-

lions

Source: College Board (2013). Table 1B: Total Student Aid and Funds Used to Finance the Postsecondary Education Expenses of Graduate Students in 2012 Dollars (in Millions), 1990-91 to 2012-13 [Data File]. Retrieved from http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid/figures-tables/graduate-total-student-aid-nonfederal-loans-2012-dollars-over-time.

Total Grant Aid for Grad Students: 2012 U.S. Dollars by Funding Source AY2003/04 to AY2012/2013

31

Documents

Doctoral Degrees Conferred Source: NSF, Survey of Earned Doctorates1