Part I: Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the best answer and show the work if work is needed. Questions #1-2 use this information: A chemical engineer is designing the production recipe for a new product. The engineer decides to investigate the effects of combinations of two temperatures (50˚ C and 60˚ C) and three stirring rates (60 rpm, 90rpm, and 120 rpm) on the yield of the process. Ten batches of feedstock will be processed at each combination of temperature and stirring rate.

1. What are the experimental units? (A) The two temperatures (50˚ C and 60˚ C) (B) The three stirring rates (60 rpm, 90rpm, and 120 rpm) (C) The two temperatures and the three stirring rates (D) The batches of feedstock

Answer: (D)

2. What are the treatments? (A) The yields of the processes (B) The recipe (C) The temperatures and the stirring rates (D) The design of the recipe

Answer: (C)

3. Consider the following studies being run by three different nursing home establishments: I. One nursing home has pets brought in for an hour every day to see if patient morale is improved. II. One nursing home allows hourly visits every day by kindergarten children to see if patient morale is improved. III. One nursing home administers antidepressants to all patients to see if patient morale is improved. Which of the following is true?

a. None of these studies uses randomization.

b. None of these studies uses control groups.

c. None of these studies uses a double blind situation.

d. The information obtained from all these studies cannot be used to prove cause and effect (causation).

e. All of the above.

Answer: ‘e’

Part 2: Free response. Answer completely and succinctly, showing any appropriate work for full credit. There are 9 students in a LiveLesson. The students are: 1. Jennifer 6. Amari 2. De’jah 7. Phoenix 3. Jason 8. Krystal 4. Kate 9. Dante’ 5. Sherrard

4. Use the random numbers list below to pick the first five students who will get virtual candy bars: 20742 05310 65921 01652 75532 95621 12097

2. De’Jah7. Phoenix4. Kate5. Sherrard3. Jason

5. A medical study of heart surgery investigates the effect of a drug called a beta-blocker on the pulse rate of the patient during surgery. The pulse rate will be measured at a specific point during the operation. The investigators will use as subjects 20 patients facing heart surgery. What lurking variables may be present? How can you minimize the effects of these variables on the experiment? (Hint: use the three elements of a good experiment design: comparison, randomization, and replication.)

The lurking variables that may be present are the number of patients who are going through heart surgery and the pulse rate. I can minimize the effects of the variables by using placebos to control them.

6. Make up an example of an observational study that is NOT an experiment. Explain why it is not an experiment.

There are 10 patients in the emergency room. Doctors observes that five of which are facing allergies, resulting in hives due to bee stings, while the other five are facing allergies that caused them to break out due to accidentally eating food that they’re allergic to. This is not an experiment because there are no treatments involved for the patients who are having the allergic reactions.

*End of Remediation Worksheet