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SPECIAL DIPLOMAS

DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC HEALTH.

THE following epitomises the instruction given atvarious universities and centres of medical educationto medical men desiring to obtain diplomas in sanitaryscience, public health, hygiene, or State medicine,as this discipline is variously called. Resolutions,designed with a view of ensuring " the possession of adistinctively high proficiency, scientific and practical,in all the branches of study which concern the publichealth," have been adopted at various times by theGeneral Medical Council. The diploma is registrableby the Council whose rules on the curriculum becomebinding on the educational bodies concerned. Thenew regulations, which came into force in 1924,extend the period of study and postpone the grantingof a diploma until at least two years from qualification.

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.The course of study for the Diploma in Public

Health will commence on Sept. 28th in thepremises in Keppel-street (Gower-street), the gift ofthe Rockefeller Foundation, which has excellentlaboratories and research rooms, a fine lecture theatreand classrooms, library, and museum. The course,which will extend over a period of nine months’whole-time study, is designed in compliance with therequirements of the General Medical Council, to

enable students to proceed to the academic Diplomain Public Health of London University. The curricu-lum has been planned on very practical lines, andincludes, in addition to work with Medical Officers ofHealth in two selected areas, a large number of visitsto places of public health interest. A series of5 o’clock lectures is given by eminent authorities onspecial subjects, and these lectures will be open tomembers of the medical profession as well as tostudents of the School. The London County Council, Ithe City of London, and various other bodies haveplaced their resources at the disposal of the School Ifor teaching purposes.An interesting recent development is the establish-

ment in the School of a University Chair of MedicalIndustrial Psychology.

English Conjoint Board.The regulations are as follows : The Examination

consists of two Parts. Part I. will be held in themonths of January, June, and October, and Part II.in the months of January, June, and October in eachyear. Candidates may enter for Parts I. and II.separately or at the same time, but they must passPart I. before proceeding to Part II. The Examinationin each part will be written, oral, and practical. Part II.will include a practical examination in InfectiousDiseases, Food Inspection, and Inspection of selectedPremises. Candidates who fail to satisfy the Examinersin either part may present themselves again at thenext Examination on payment of the same fees.Candidates intending to present themselves for eitherpart of the Examination must give 14 days’ notice inwriting to the Secretary, at the Examination Hall,Queen-square, London, W.C.1.Candidates will be admissible to Examination in

Part 1. on producing evidence :-1. Of being in possession of a registrable qualification in

Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery.2. Of having attended during a period of not less than

five months at an Institution recognised by the ExaminingBoard in England, practical instruction in (a) Bacteriologyand Parasitology (including Medical Entomology) especiallyin their relation to diseases of man and to those diseases ofthe lower animals which are transmissible to man, during180 hours, of which not less than 150 hours have beenoccupied in practical laboratory work. (b) Chemistry andPhysics in relation to public health, during 90 hours, ofwhich not less than 70 hours have been occupied in practical

laboratory work. (c) Meteorology and Climatology inrelation to public health, during not less than 10 hours.

Candidates will be admitted to Part II. of theExamination on producing evidence :-

1. Of having been in possession of a registrable qualifica-tion in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery during not lessthan two years, of being registered by the General MedicalCouncil, and of having completed the curriculum for theDiploma extending over a period of 12 calendar monthssubsequent to the attainment of a registrable qualification.

2. Of having attended, after obtaining the registrablequalification, instruction during not less than 80 hours atan Institution recognised by the Examining Board in

England in the following subjects :-(a) The Principles ofPublic Health and Sanitation for not less than 30 hours ;(b) Epidemiology and Vital Statistics for not less than20 hours ; (c) Sanitary Law and Administration (includingPublic Medical Services) during not less than 20 hours ;(d) Sanitary Construction and Planning during not less than10 hours.

3. Of having attended for three months the clinical prac-tice of a hospital for infectious diseases recognised by theExamining Board in England and of having therein receivedinstruction in the methods of administration. The certificatemust state that the candidate has attended on one or moredays in each week of the three months, that each attendancewas of two hours’ duration, with a total attendance of60 hours.

4. Of having been engaged during a period of not lessthan six months in acquiring a practical knowledge of theduties, routine and special, of public health administrationunder the supervision of a Medical Officer of Health, andof having received, from such officer or other competentMedical Officer during not less than three hours on each of60 working days, practical instruction in those duties andalso those relating to : (a) Maternity and Child WelfareService; (b) Health Service for children of school age,(c) Venereal Diseases Service; (d) Tuberculosis Service;(e) Industrial Hygiene ; (f) Inspection and Control of Food ;including meat and milk.The above certificate (4) must be obtained from a

Medical Officer of Health who devotes his whole timeto public work, or from a Medical Officer of Healthof a Sanitary Area having a population of not less

than 50,000, or in Ireland the Medical SuperintendentOfficer of Health of a County or County Boroughhaving a population of not less than 50,000.

NOTE.—Revised Regulations are applicable tocandidates who begin the recognised study of PublicHealth work after Oct. 1st, 1931.

University of London.Candidates for the M.D. Degree may offer State

Medicine as a subject in which to graduate. The

regulations may be obtained on application to theAcademic Registrar, University of London, SouthKensington.

University of Durham.The Degree of Bachelor of Hygiene (B.Hy.) and

the Diploma in Public Health (D.P.H.).—No candidateis admitted to the final examination for the Degreeof B.Hy. unless he is a Bachelor of Medicine andSurgery, of not less than two years’ standing, ofa recognised University whose degrees are registrableon the books of the General Medical Council of theUnited Kingdom, and no candidate is admitted to thefinal examination for the D.P.H. unless he is a regis-tered medical practitioner, of not less than two years’standing. The course of study for the B.Hy. andD.P.H. extends over a period of not less than 12calendar months, subsequent to the attainment of aqualification registrable by the General MedicalCouncil of the United Kingdom. Candidates for theB.Hy. must attend this course at the University ofDurham ; candidates for the D.P.H. may attend it atthe University of Durham, or at any medical school orinstitution which is recognised by the University. Theexamination for the diploma or degree is divided intotwo parts. A candidate must pass in all the subjects of

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Part I. before being admitted to examination forPart II. In Part I., and also in Part II., a candidatemust pass in all the specified subjects at one time.The examination for Part I. is practical, written, andoral, and includes the following subjects : Bacteriologyand Parasitology (including medical entomology) ;Chemistry and Physics, and Meteorology and Clima-tology, in relation to Public Health. Candidates arenot admitted to examination for Part I. until afterthey have completed the prescribed, courses of instruc-tion in the subjects thereof. The examination forPart II. includes Hygiene and Sanitation (comprisingsanitary construction), Epidemiology and InfectiousDiseases ; Sanitary Law and Vital Statistics; PublicHealth Administration. The examination is writtenand oral, and includes practical examinations inInfectious Diseases, Food Inspection, Inspection ofPremises-Dwellings, Factories, Workshops, Schools,&c. Candidates are not admitted to examinationfor Part II. until after they have completed theprescribed courses of instruction in the subjectsthereof. Doctor of Hygiene (D.Hy.) : Candidatesmust be Bachelors of Hygiene of the University oftwo years’ standing, and are required to satisfy theexaminers that they have conducted original researchin the subject of Public Health.NoTF.-The courses of instruction for the B.Hy.

and D.P.H. are suspended for the year 1931-32.

University of Birmingham.Under the rules and regulations of the General

Medical Council the University grants a degree ofB.Sc. in Public Health and also a Diploma in thesame subject on the following conditions : Graduatesin Medicine of this University may become candidatesfor the degree of Bachelor of Science in Public Healthby conforming to all the requirements laid downfor candidates for the Diploma in Public Health,except that after graduating in Medicine all coursesof study must be taken out in the University, andthey must, in addition, have attended a threemonths’ course of Geology in the University. A Thesison the Etiology and Prevention of a Disease of whichthe candidate has made a special study must besubmitted on entry for B.Sc. Part II. The examina-tions will be held in March and June (Part I.),October and March (Part II.), each part being written,oral, and practical. No candidate will be allowed topass Part II. until he has passed Part I. Candidatesmay enter for Parts I. and II. separately or at thesame time (in March). The fee for each part of theexamination is 26 5s. Medical Officers of the RoyalNavy who have attended the required course of studyat the Naval Medical School, Greenwich, will beadmitted to Part I. examinations for the Diploma inPublic Health, whether they have previously beenstudents at the Birmingham School or not; and thesame applies to officers of the Royal Army MedicalCorps who have studied at the Staff College. Medicalofficers of the Navy and Army are admitted toParts 1. and II. Examination (D.P.H.) on complyingwith the requirements laid down for attendance uponCourses of Study. These Courses need not necessarilybe attended in the University of Birmingham.

University of Liverpool.The University grants a Degree in Hygiene (M.H.)

and a Diploma (D.P.H.), and every facility is affordedfor training in Sanitary Science and State Medicine.The curriculum for the Degree extends over a periodof two years, the first of which is devoted to laboratoryinstruction and practical classes (including those forthe Diploma) ; the second being devoted to advancedstudy and research. The courses may be taken atany time, and students are allowed to work daily inthe laboratories.

University of Leeds.The University grants a Diploma in Public Health,

and every facility is afforded for training in SanitaryScience and State Medicine. The examination,which is held twice in each year-namely, in March

and September-is in two parts, and is written, oral,and practical. Candidates must pass in Part I.before being admitted to Part II. Instruction inEntomology and Meteorology is given in the first term,and in Sanitary Chemistry and Bacteriology in thesecond and third terms. Practical work underarrangement with the Leeds City Council. Prospectuscan be obtained from the Academic Sub-Dean of theMedical School.

University of Bristol.Diploma in Public Health. Candidates must be at

least 23 years of age, shall be fully registered medicalpractitioners of not less than two years’ standing assuch, and shall have passed the examination prescribedby regulations, which can be obtained from theRegistrar upon application.

University of Wales.Candidates for the Diploma in Public Health, the

curriculum for which extends over a period of notless than twelve calendar months, or an academicyear of whole-time study covering a period of notless than nine’ calendar months, subsequent to theattainment of a registrable qualification, must produceevidence of having pursued at the Welsh NationalSchool of Medicine courses of instruction in Bacterio-logy and Parasitology, Chemistry, Physics, Radiologyand Electrology, and Meteorology and Climatologyin relation to Public Health, and Physiology and Bio-chemistry in their application to nutrition andhygiene. Candidates must also satisfy the examinersthat they have received instruction approved by theUniversity in the Principles of Public Health andSanitation, Epidemiology and Vital Statistics, SanitaryLaw and Administration, and Sanitary Constructionand Planning. The candidate must produce evidencethat he has attended for three months on the clinicalpractice of a hospital for infectious diseases con-

taining not less than 100 beds, and has received thereininstruction in the methods of administration, and thathe has for a period of not less than six months beenengaged in acquiring a practical knowledge of theduties, routine and special, of a public healthadministration under the supervision of a medicalofficer of health. The examination for the diplomais divided into two parts, Part I. and Part II., each ofwhich extends over not less than two days. A candi-date must pass in all the subjects of Part I. beforebeing admitted to Part II. of the examination. InPart I., and also in Part II., a candidate must passin all the specified subjects at one time. Part I.of the examination is practical, written, and oral,and comprises Bacteriology and Parasitology (in-cluding immunology, serology, medical entomology),Chemistry, Radiology and Electrology, Physics andMeteorology and Climatology in relation to PublicHealth, and Physiology and Biochemistry in theirapplication to nutrition and hygiene. Candidates maynot be admitted to Part I. of the examination untilthey have been certified as having pursued theprescribed courses of instruction in the subjectsthereof. Part II. of the examination, which iswritten and oral, comprises : The principles of PublicHealth and Sanitation, Epidemiology and VitalStatistics, Sanitary Law and Administration (includingPublic Medical Services), and Sanitary Constructionand Planning. No candidate can be admitted toPart II. of the examination until after the lapse ofnot less than two years from the date of his obtaininga registrable qualification in Medicine, Surgery, andMidwifery, which qualification must be registered inthe Medical Register before admission to Part II. ofthe examination. An examination in each part willbe held annually. The examination in Part I. will beheld in June, that in Part II. in October. Fullinformation may be obtained from the Registrar ofthe University, University Registry, Cathays Park,Cardiff. Entries for the examination in Part I. mustbe received by him not later than May lst, andnot later than Sept. 1st for the examination inPart II.

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University of Edinburgh.Candidates for the Diploma in Public Health

must be graduates in medicine and surgery of the

University, or hold corresponding degrees or regis-trable medical qualifications which must be registeredbefore admission to examination. The course

is divided into two parts for which examinationsare held twice yearly. In each part the candidatemust pass in all the specified subjects at one examina-tion. Candidates are not admitted to Part II.until they have passed Part I., nor until after thelapse of not less than two years from the date ofobtaining a registrable medical qualification. Thesubjects of the examination are : Part I. (written, oral,and practical), - Bacteriology ; Medical Entomologyand Parasitology ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry andPhysiology in their application to nutrition andhygiene ; Physics, Radiology, Electrology, Meteor-ology and Climatology in relation to Public Health.Part II. (written, oral, and practical), Hygiene,Sanitation, and Sanitary Construction ; Epidemiologyand Infectious Diseases ; Sanitary Law and VitalStatistics ; Public Health Administration. Thereis also included practical examinations in InfectiousDiseases, Food Inspection, and Inspection of Premises.The course, which extends over an academic year offull-time study, begins in October, and provision ismade by the University for instruction in all thesubjects. Detailed particulars may be obtained fromthe Dean of the Faculty of Medicine.

University of Aberdeen.Every candidate for the Diploma in Public Health

must be a graduate in medicine of the Universityof Aberdeen, or of any other University whosemedical degrees are recognised as qualifying forregistration by the General Medical Council of theUnited Kingdom. No candidate will be admittedto the Final Part of the Examination for the Diplomauntil after the lapse of not less than two years fromthe date of his obtaining a registrable qualificationin Medicine, which qualification shall have beenregistered before such admission. The whole of theprescribed curriculum of study must be undertakenafter the candidate has obtained a registrable qualifi-cation in medicine, and shall extend over not lessthan twelve calendar months (or an academic year ofwhole-time study covering a period of not less thannine calendar months). At least one adademicterm must be spent at the University of Aberdeen.Candidates shall produce evidence of having compliedwith the following requirements in respect of studyand training :-1. Practical instruction in the follow-ing subjects within a laboratory or laboratoriesapproved by the University during not less than 280hours: (a) Bacteriology and Parasitology (includingimmunology, serology, medical entomology, &c.), inrelation to diseases of man and diseases of loweranimals transmissible to man ; (b) Chemistry, PhysicsRadiology and Electrology, in relation to PublicHealth ; (c) Physiology and Biochemistry in theirapplication to nutrition and hygiene ; (d) Meteorologyand Climatology, in relation to Public Health. Theabove instruction to extend over not less than fivemonths or two academic terms. 2. A course or coursesof instruction extending over not less than 120 hoursdealing with : (a) The Principles of Public Healthand Sanitation ; (b) Epidemiology and Vital Statistics ;(c) Sanitary Law and Administration (including PublicMedical Services) ; (d) Sanitary Construction andPlanning ; such course or courses to be given at aninstitution or by a teacher or teachers approved bythe University. 3. Practical instruction, clinical andadministrative, within a recognised hospital forgeneral infectious diseases ; such instruction toextend over three months, and to include 24 dailyattendances of not less than two hours each.4. Practical instruction and experience, during notless than six months (including attendance of atleast three hours on each of sixty working days) inthe duties, routine and special, of public healthadministration, under the supervision of a medical

officer of health, who shall certify that the candi-date has received from this officer or other com-petent medical officer, practical instruction in theseduties and also in those relating to : (a) Maternityand Child Welfare Service ; (b) Health Service forChildren of School Age ; (c) Venereal DiseasesService ; (d) Tuberculosis Service ; (e) IndustrialHygiene ; (.f) Inspection and Control of Food, in-cluding meat and milk. (Instruction in (a) to (f) shallinclude attendance at the centres, clinics, institutions,and premises concerned.) The medical officers ofhealth recognised for this purpose by the GeneralMedical Council are : (a) a medical officer of healthwho devotes his whole time to public health work ;or (b) the medical officer of health of a sanitary areahaving a population of not less than 50,000 ; or

(c) in Ireland, the medical superintendent officer ofhealth of a county or county borough having apopulation of not less than 50,000. The examinationfor the diploma is divided into two parts, each ofwhich extends over not less than three days. A candi-date must pass in all the subjects of Part I. beforebeing admitted to the examination for Part II. InPart II. and also in Part II. a candidate must pass inall the specified subjects at one time.

University of Glasgow.Degree of B.Se. in Public Health.-Candidates must

be graduates in Medicine of a University of theUnited Kingdom, or of some other Universityrecognised for the purpose by the University Court.Candidates must produce evidence (1) that, after theyhave obtained a registrable Degree in Medicine, aperiod of not less than two years has elapsed ; (2)that, after they have obtained a registrable degree inMedicine, they have, during a period of not less than21 calendar months, pursued the course of work andinstruction prescribed, and have satisfied the examinersin the prescribed examinations.

There are two examinations. Part I. includesthe following subjects : (i) Bacteriology and Parasi-tology (including Medical Entomology) ; (ii) Chem-istry and Physics in relation to Public Health ;(iii) Meteorology and Climatology in relation toPublic Health ; (iv) Higher Chemistry in relation toPublic Health ; (v) Physics and Geology. A candi-date must pass in the subjects marked (i), (ii), and(iii) of Part I. at one examination. Part II.includes the following subjects: (vi) Hygiene andSanitation (including Sanitary construction) ; (vii)Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases ; (viii) Sani-tary Law and Vital Statistics ; (ix) Public HealthAdministration; (x) Applied Hygiene. The exami-nation for Part II. includes practical examinationsin Infectious Diseases ; Food Inspection ; Inspectionof Premises, such as dwellings, factories, workshops,schools, and the like. The examination in AppliedHygiene may be on a selected subject professedby the candidate. A candidate must pass in thesubjects marked (vi), (vii), (viii), and (ix) of Part II.at one examination. Diploma in Public Health(D.P.H.).-Candidates for this Diploma must belegally qualified medical practitioners who are matri-culated students of the University. A period of notless than two years must elapse between the attain-ment by the candidate of a registrable medicalqualification, and his admission to the final examina-tion (Part II.) for the Diploma. The candidate must,during a period of not less than 12 calendar months,subsequent to his attainment of a registrable medicalqualification, pursue the course of work and instruc-tion prescribed, and pass the prescribed examina-tions. The examination, which is both written andoral, is divided into two parts, Part I. and Part II.,each of which extends over not less than two days.No candidate is admitted to either part of the exami-nation until he has completed the prescribed coursesof instruction in the subjects of that part. Nocandidate is admitted to Part II. until he has passedin all the subjects of Part I., nor until after the lapseof not less than two years from the date of his obtain-ing a registrable medical qualification, nor unless

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he presents a certificate showing that his name andqualification have been duly registered in the MedicalRegister. Part 1. includes : (i) Bacteriology andParasitology (including Medical Entomology) ; (ii)Chemistry and Physics in relation to Public Health ; ’,(iii) Meteorology and Climatology in relation toPublic Health. A candidate must pass in all the Isubjects at one examination. Part II. includes :(iv) Hygiene and Sanitation (including SanitaryConstruction) ; (v) Epidemiology and InfectiousDiseases ; (vi) Sanitary Law and Vital Statistics ;(vii) Public Health Administration. A candidatemust pass in all the subjects at one examin-ation. The examination for Part II. includespractical examinations in Infectious Diseases ;Food Inspection; Inspection of Premises, such asdwellings, factories, workshops, schools, and the like.

University of St. Andrews.The Diploma in Public Health is open to those

who hold a registered medical qualification of theUnited Kingdom. The examination is in two parts.(1) (a) Bacteriology and Parasitology ; (b) Chemistryand Physics ; (e) Meteorology and Climatology.(2) Public Health and Sanitation, Epidemiologyand Vital Statistics, Sanitary Law and Adminis-tration, and Sanitary Construction and Planning.Before admission to the first examination thecandidate must have held his medical qualificationfor one year, and before admission to the secondexamination for two years. Graduates in Medicineof the University of St. Andrews may take part orall of the qualifying classes in any University of theUnited Kingdom, or in any Indian, Colonial, or

Foreign University or medical school recognised bythe University Court, but holders of other registeredmedical qualifications must spend at least eight outof the 12 months’ curriculum in St. Andrews Univer-sity. A complete course is given in the ConjointMedical School, Dundee.

Scottish Conjoint Board.All candidates for the Diploma in Public Health

must have a qualification which has been registeredunder the Medical Acts. The examination is dividedinto two parts.For Part I. the candidate must produce evidence

of having received during a period of not less thanfive months at an institution recognised by theBoard practical instruction in: (a) Bacteriologyand Parasitology (including Medical Entomology),especially in their relation to diseases of man and tothose diseases of the lower animals which are trans-missible to man, during 180 hours, of which not lessthan 150 hours have been occupied in practicallaboratory work; (b) Chemistry and Physics inrelation to Public Health during 90 hours, of whichnot less than 70 hours has been occupied in practicallaboratory work; (c) Meteorology and Climatologyin relation to Public Health during not less than10 hours. For Part II. evidence must be given ofhaving received instruction during not less than80 hours in : (a) The Principles of Public Health andSanitation for not less than 30 hours ; (b) Epidemio-logy and Vital Statistics for not less than 20 hours ;(c) Sanitary Law and Administration (includingPublic Medical Services) during not less than 20 hours;(d) Sanitary Construction and Planning during notless than 10 hours; of having attended for threemonths the clinical practice of a recognised hospitalfor infectious diseases ; and of having been engagedduring a period of not less than six months inacquiring a knowledge of Public Health administra-tion in addition to practical instruction in the dutiesrelating to : (a) Maternity and Child Welfare Service ;(b) Health Service for Children of School Age ; (c)Venereal Diseases Service ; (d) Tuberculosis Service ;(e) Industrial Hygiene ; (f) Inspection and Controlof Food, including meat and milk. The fee is12 guineas for both examinations, or 6 guineas foreither of them. A fee of 6 guineas is payable byrejected candidates for either examination. The

examination is held twice yearly, in March inGlasgow, and October in Edinburgh. The publishedregulations provide detailed synopses of the subjectsof examination. The Registrar for Edinburgh isMr. David Thomson, 49, George-square, and forGlasgow, Mr. Walter Hurst, 242, St. Vincent-street.

University of Dublin (Trinity College).The Diploma in Public Health is conferred, after

examination, under the following conditions. Thecandidate must be a registered medical practitionerand have obtained a registrable qualification atleast two years before the second part of the examina-tion. The candidate must have completed, subse-quently to obtaining a registrable qualification, 280hours’ practical instruction in a chemical and bac-teriological laboratory, or laboratories, approvedby the University, must have received instruction inthe following subjects : Physics, radiology, electrology,physiology, biochemistry, meteorology, and climat-ology, the principles of public health and sanitation,epidemiology and vital statistics, sanitary lawand administration (including public medical services),sanitary construction and planning ; must havestudied, practically, outdoor sanitary work for sixmonths under an approved officer of health, andmust have attended for three months at a feverhospital where opportunities are afforded forthe study of methods of administration. The DeRenzy Centenary Prize, value about :B15, is awardedto the candidate who obtains the highest marks atthe June examination each year, provided sufficientmerit is shown. A special prospectus may be obtainedby application to the Registrar of the School of Physic,Trinity College, Dublin.

National University of Ireland.At this University there is a Diploma in Public

Health, a B.Sc. in Public Health, and a D.Sc. inPublic Health.

University of Belfast.A Diploma in Public Health is given by examina-

tion. Every candidate must produce evidence that,after obtaining a registrable qualification, he has .

during six months received practical instruction inan approved laboratory in which Chemistry, Bacterio-logy, and the Pathology of the diseases of animalstransmissible to man are taught. After obtaining aregistrable qualification every candidate must produceevidence that he has attended during three months thepractice of a hospital for infectious diseases at whichopportunities are afforded for the study of methodsof administration. The examination must haveextended over not less than four days, one of whichshall have been devoted to practical work in a

laboratory, and one to practical examination in,and reporting on, subjects which fall within thespecial outdoor duties of a medical officer of health.The first part of the examination will have referenceto the general principles of Sanitary Science, and thesecond part to State Medicine and to the applicationsof Pathology and Sanitary Science. The examination.in both parts is held twice a year, in March and June.

Irish Conjoint Board.Every candidate for the Diploma in Public Health

must observe the following rules : 1. A period of notless than two years shall elapse between theattainment by a candidate of a registrable qualifica-tion in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery, and hisadmission to the Final Examination for a Diplomain Public Health. 2. The curriculum for a Diplomain Public Health shall extend over a period ofnot less than 12 calendar months subsequent tothe attainment of a registrable qualification.3. Every candidate shall produce evidence ofhaving attended, during a period of not less thanfive months, at an institution approved by theLicensing Body granting the Diploma, practicalinstruction in-(a) Bacteriology and Parasitology

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(including Medical Entomology), especially in theirrelation to diseases of man, and to those diseases ofthe lower animals which are transmissible to man ;(b) Chemistry and Physics in relation to PublicHealth ; (c) Meteorology and Climatology in relationto Public Health. At least 180 hours must be devotedto Course (a), of which not less than 150 hours shallbe occupied in practical Laboratory work. At least90 hours must be devoted to Course (b), of which notless than 70 hours shall be occupied in practicalLaboratory work. At least 10 hours must be devotedto Course (c). 4. Evidence of having received, duringnot less than 80 hours, at an institution or fromteachers approved by the Licensing Body grantingthe Diploma, instruction in the following subjects :(a) The Principles of Public Health and Sanitation ;(b) Epidemiology and Vital Statistics ; (c) SanitaryLaw and Administration (including Public MedicalServices) ; (d) Sanitary Construction and Planning.5. Evidence that he has attended for three monthson the clinical practice of a recognised Hospital forInfectious Diseases. 6. Evidence that he has, during aperiod of not less than six months, been engaged inacquiring a practical knowledge of the duties, routineand special, of Public Health Administration underthe supervision of a Medical Officer of Health.The examination for the Diploma is divided into twoparts. The examination for Part I. includes Bacterio-logy and Parasitology (with Medical Entomology) ;Chemistry and Physics, and Meteorology and Clima-tology, in relation to Public Health. The examina-tion for Part II. includes Hygiene and Sanitation(with Sanitary Construction) ; Epidemiology andInfectious Diseases ; Sanitary Law and VitalStatistics ; Public Health Administration. Theexam-ination, which is written and oral, includespractical examinations in Infectious Diseases ; FoodInspection ; Inspection of Premises-dwellings, fac-tories, workshops, and schools.

DIPLOMA IN PSYCHOLOGICAL

MEDICINE.

The Universities of Cambridge, London, Durham,Leeds, Manchester, Edinburgh, Dublin, NationalUniversity of Ireland, and the Conjoint Board ofthe R.C.P. Lond. and R.C.S.Eng. now grant diplomasin psychological medicine under conditions that arefairly comparable in the standard of the tests and inthe duration of the courses ; the details on thesepoints can be obtained from the various examinationbodies.

In London, courses of instruction for the Diplomain Psychological Medicine are given-annually at theMaudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, which has recentlybeen definitely recognised as a school of the Universityof London. The course consists of two parts,commencing in January, and is adapted for thediploma .of the Conjoint Board, the University ofLondon, or the University of Cambridge. The partsmay be taken separately ; also during the year thereare other short courses, lectures and demonstrationsin psychological medicine.

Maudsley Hospital.Appointments as clinical assistants are obtainable at

the Maudsley Hospital. The holding of such appoint-ments for varying periods satisfies the requirementsof the different examining bodies in respect of practicalstudy of mental disorders. * The appointments andother facilities for clinical experience are open toqualified medical practitioners apart from the coursesof instruction. A course for the Diploma in Psycho-logical Medicine is held annually from January toJune at the Central Pathological Laboratory of theLondon County Mental Hospitals, which is situatedin the Maudsley Hospital. Facilities and grants-in-aidare given for research work in psychiatry and alliedsubjects at the Laboratory. Inquiries as to lectures

should be addressed to the Director of the CentralPathological Laboratory, Maudsley Hospital, DenmarkHill, S.E. ; and as to clinical facilities, to the MedicalSuperintendent at the same address.

Bethlem Royal Hospital.A course of lectures and practical instruction for

the Diploma in Psychological Medicine, granted bythe various universities and the Conjoint Board,is held at Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monk’sOrchard, Eden Park, Beckenham, twice annually,during the spring and autumn. The fee for thefull course is 15 guineas. Part A or Part B,however, may be taken separately at a fee of10 guineas per part. In addition to the above,clinical instruction in Psychological Medicine is givenat Bethlem Royal Hospital every morning (exceptWednesdays) at 11 A.M. The fee for students is3 guineas for a period of three months’ attendance andfor post-graduates a fee of 5 guineas for a like period.A reduction is made to those who attend the DiplomaCourse. House physicians are appointed at BethlemRoyal Hospital for a term of six months, which may beextended. These appointments are made on May lstand Nov. 1st in each year, and the vacancies areadvertised in the medical papers. Apartments, com-plete board, attendance, and laundry are provided andalso a salary at the rate of 2100 per annum. Clinicalassistants are often appointed from time to time forperiods of three months or longer. These are non-salaried and non-resident posts, but partial boardis provided. The Physician-Superintendent, BethlemRoyal Hospital, Monk’s Orchard, Eden Park, Becken-ham, will supply further particulars.

University of Edinburgh.Candidates for the Diploma in Psychiatry must be

graduates in medicine and surgery of the Universityof Edinburgh or hold corresponding registrabledegrees or qualifications of some other licensing body.Candidates are required subsequent to the date ofgraduation or obtaining a registrable qualification tohave held (a) a resident appointment for one year in ahospital for mental disorders approved by the Facultyof Medicine, or alternatively (b) a six months’ appoint-ment as defined in (a) and six months’ practical studyof nervous diseases in a special or general hospitalapproved by the Faculty of Medicine. There aretwo examinations for the Diploma. Part I. comprises:1. Anatomy of the Nervous System. 2. Physiologyof the Nervous System. 3. Psychology and Experi-mental Psychology. Part II. comprises : 1. Neuro-pathology. 2. Clinical Psychiatry. 3. Clinical Neuro-logy. 4. An additional subject selected by thecandidate from a prescribed list. The examinationsare held twice yearly in March and July. Candidateswho have held an asylum appointment for a periodof five years or more may be exempted from thecourse of study in one or more subjects of thecurriculum. Full particulars can be obtained fromthe Dean of the Faculty of Medicine.

Dublin University.A post-graduate diploma in Psychological Medicine

is conferred upon registered medical practitioners whohave held a resident medical appointment at a recog-nised institution for the treatment of Mental Diseasesfor 12 months, or who have held such an appointmentfor six months and have attended clinical instructionat an approved institution for six months. Candidatesmust also attend special courses of instruction andpass a special examination. Details can be obtainedfrom the Registrar of the School of Physic, TrinityCollege, Dublin.

National University of Ireland.This University confers a diploma in Psychological

Medicine ; application should be made to the Registrarsof the Constituent Colleges, University College,Dublin University College, Cork, and UniversityCollege, Galway, for all information.