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Digestive SystemNervous System
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The Digestive System
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Main Parts of the Digestive SystemTEETH mechanical digestion,
physically break down food
SALIVARY GLANDS produce saliva (spit) which mixes with food;
releases an enzyme that begins chemical digestion
ESOPHAGUS long, straight tube which connects the throat to the
stomach
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Main Parts of the Digestive SystemSTOMACH muscular, baglike
organphysical digestion muscles squeeze food chemical digestion -
glands in stomach produce enzymes and acids, break down food into
nutrients
CHYME soupy mixture made in stomach; slowly released to small
intestine
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Main Parts of the Digestive SystemSMALL INTESTINE 6 meter
muscular tube connected to stomach; mixes chyme with fluids from
liver and pancreas
VILLI line the small intestine; absorb nutrients from the chyme
and send to bloodstream
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Main Parts of the Digestive SystemPANCREAS fish-shaped organ
between stomach and small intestines; makes juices which flow to
small intestine to neutralize acid
LIVER large organ on right side above stomach; MAKES bile
(breaks up fat); breaks down toxic substances (ALCOHOL and
DRUGS)
GALLBLADDER small baglike organ; STORES bile, then squeezed into
small intestine
These organs are linked to the small intestine, but food DOES
NOT move through them
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Main Parts of the Digestive SystemLARGE INTESTINE (COLON) 1.5 m
organ that stores, compacts, and gets rid of anything left that the
body doesnt need; 7.5 cm diameter (LARGE)
RECTUM last part of large intestine; stores feces
ANUS opening of rectum
Digestion takes 24 hours!!!
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The Nervous System
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The Nervous SystemCENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) brain and spinal
cord; processes incoming/outgoing messages
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS) nerves that connect all areas of
your body to CNS
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Peripheral Nervous SystemNEURONS cells that transfer messages
throughout the body; fast-moving electrical energy
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Neuron StructureDENDRITES bring messages INTO cell bodyCELL BODY
main part of neuron (contains nucleus)AXONS carry messages AWAY
from cell body
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Types of Neurons SENSORY NEURONS gather info about what is
happening using receptors; send to CNS; INMOTOR NEURONS - send
impulses from brain and spinal cord for muscles to move; OUT
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NervesAxons bundled together with blood vessels and
tissueTransmits info from spinal cord to body
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Central Nervous SystemBRAIN largest organ; 3 parts
CEREBRUM thoughts, memories, senses
CEREBELLUM balance
MEDULLA brain stem; involuntary activity (blood pressure, heart
rate, breathing); connects to spinal cord
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Central Nervous SystemSPINAL CORD contains neurons and bundles
of axons that pass info to and from brain
VERTEBRAE protective bones around spinal cord
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Path of Nerve Impulse1. SENSORY NEURONS 2. SPINAL CORD3. BRAIN4.
SPINAL CORD5. MOTOR NEURONS
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