Diabetes

PANCREAS

• Regulates blood sugar levels and glucose metabolism

• Secretes 2 hormones• Insulin-allows blood sugar (glucose) to be

taken out of the blood and into the cells (main source of energy )as well as stored in the liver

• Glucagon-increases blood sugar by causing the liver to secrete stored sugar (glucogon)

• Alpha Cells– Make Glucagon– Released when your

blood sugar levels get low

– Increases blood glucose levels by breaking down glycogen (storage form of glucose in the liver) and noncarbohydrates into glucose

• Beta Cells– Make Insulin– Released when your

blood sugar levels get high

– Decreases blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to form glycogen and inhibits the breakdown of noncarbohydrates into glucose

Islets of Langerhans cells in Pancreas

Diabetes Glucose Regulation

Diseases of the Pancreas• Diabetes- can’t regulate your blood glucose– Type I - Juvenile

• Islets of Langerhans don’t work properly & cannot create sufficient insulin

• need insulin injections to regulate uptake of glucose• usually inherited

– Type II - Adult onset• Insulin receptors throughout body don’t work properly• usually can use oral treatment• related to weight gain

– About 17 million people in the US have diabetes! Diabetes Video