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CHNG I. TNG QUAN V L THUYT IU CH S TN HIU

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13/74

!h- GD %iu Ri G;- ! $* YCww] v$ h !h- ZM hTu u Y%*&% @!\'

[*/ '*i%\ *''u-i&!i*-].

~MM +F h i! !y (hi R ! % %si !! h,- * v>i i-%\gh CM -

h i- ci R hu ( h iEu h h.

C !/-h !B i=- (h- H-h -Ri hu-J -h+ zZK v$ dzMJ !h+a- %$

(h- hS hF v>i h !h- R Q (huh ;i - u! (h- !u@- !-h.

#u@ -hi=- dzMJ v>i iu f hm' &* !- hiu /Q-J R !h !hu +F hiu u) p

G- hc i! &*. dzM ? +F p G- 'Q! h /Q- /?i !/*-

MwkM p G- !/*- ';- i- !h*;iJ -h+ '*G\' '@ !-h. dzM m-

+F l\' lx! h* h !h- v !i-h. #/*- !/+a- hF -$@J !u@ -hi=-J h)- hfi

!/*- - u! Au v$* v$ Au /& & ##z h)i +F u- )' )* !-h!u@- !-h & (huh ;i - u!.

1.C!C "HNG "H!" IU CH C #$N

1.*.1. 3h4 5#h %in & 67S387m-9it(: Shi;t 3:yingi ! Q +F l H-h !/+> qi ! Q ! & !- hiu

-hH hT- +F !/u@E-. eE '! !*- h^J iEu h zZK !+,- +,- v>i vi -hT-

!- hiu R- '&- v>i !- hiu -hH hT-.

~-h 1.6 'i-h h^& u !/-h iEu h i=- Q 'Q! R- '&- v>i !- hiu -hH

hT- 10111001. ru -uf- R M !/;- !hi h* 'J v$ 'si 'Q! ' ;i Gi-

13


14/74

h* 'Q! hu (V #J !h G;- R- ? iEu h !+,- - v>i !/;- !hi !h i %$ ( )iS t

!h\* (iu (hR& GHh i=- Q < %$:

H]F 1._. iEu h i=- Q!- hiu -hH hT- 10111001

i i 0 0Z Y!]w Y!].z .* ! Y1.5]

#/*- R ( )iU t %$ ' !h i & G;- R- -hiEu ' R Q /Q- #. i) p

' i>i h;- %$ 2J -h+ %$ i v>i !- hiu -hH hT- v$ -h+ vP@ !A- R- '&-

!+,- u&- - Q /Q- # & G;- R- vu- -hH hT- -h+ &u:

0 2 n t = Y1.6]

MP! Q hc - u! R iu !h -h+ &u:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

2 2

0 02

0 0 2 2

0 0

i- i-16 .

P 5 5 P 5 5 : 1 5 5 5 5

P 5 5 P 5 5

+ = + + + + +

Y1.7]

hc f' 2 !h$-h hA-. hA- !h -h! f' h$' w\%!& wi/& &* h$'

!h$-h hA- hc i- *;- h -h&u -hD- (h*)- !A- 1#. rhD- !h$-h hA-

!A- i- *;- -$@ i- '! -u -h+ husi -hH hT- R i !/H !/u- -h - 0J

14

ZR- '&-

1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1'Y!]

Y!]


15/74

h* v>i !- hiu M ' (hi 'si ' M hAu -h+ - -h&u. iEu R h* hx hc

& !- hiu iEu h +F h^- !/*- (hi !hi! ( h !h- - h h^- !hh

hF husi !i- +F !/u@E- i. hA- !h h&i %$ hc %i=- ! '$ G;- & -R h h

!huQ v$* !-h hc & lu- !- hiu. i v>i !/+a- hF ,- i)- -hH hT-

+F iu !hH !/*- h+,- !/-h Y1.7]J lu- & !h$-h hA- hc i- *;- h !f-

!;i q !A- R- '&- G* R i' 0 & hc h -h&u -hD- (h*)- !A-

1#.

H]F 1.`. hc !- hiu zZK 2 !/;- !hi

hc v< !/=- h-h h& 95 - u! & -R !/*- Q /Q- N- 3# . Q /Q-

N- R !h i)' - h GS- lu- *i-g!N-. K! u) %$ i' 0 & hc

lu! hi- q -hD- (h*)- 0 5 n P J q T@ - 1J 2J ... w* R !! ) !h$-h hA-

hc i- *;- i- '!J !/y !/+a- hF [ [0v$ [ [0 1#. hc & lu- *i-g

!N- R R- h-h /Q- h,- %$' h* Q /Q- N- zZK

ei (hi h %;i !- hiu +F !hB hi- qi ';h i)i iEu h. #;i T@ !-

hiu !hu +F %;i +F -hT- 'Q! %A- -D& v>i R- '&- S- G;-.

i v>i h+,- h zZKJ !N- ! Q !/u@E- !& !N- ' iEu h MJ

f- !hai h)i !N- - u! & !- hiu %=- /! -hiEu -u 'u- Gu@ !/ 'Q! ! %

%si i! -$* R. iEu -$@ (h- '&- %;i hiu u) (i-h !J v !hi! ( 'Q! Q

(huh ;i - u! R h (huh ;i %>-J !u@- !-h %$ /! (hR !hB hi-. ~,-

-D&J v>i !- hiu zZK !i- ! h)- -h u& i=- Q & !- hiuJ v vP@ (h) -N-

h- -hitu < /! (x' G* i=- Q & !- hiu H )-h h+q- & &- -hituJ !; T'

v$ hi- !+F- iEu i=- ( i-h Gb- !>i l lu! !hu %si & h !h- !N- %=-. e

vP@J h+,- h iEu h zZK (h- +F G- /Q- /?i -hiEu !/*- h

!h- !/u@E- Gb- v$ h +F G- !/*- h !h- !/u@E- %iu !h.

1.*.2 3h4 5#h t>n s 6?S38?/:@(:n#y Shi;t 3:yingi ' -hH hT- _1` v$ _0`.

H]F 1.a.iEu h !A- !- hiu -hH hT- 10111001.

!/-h v- E !h&@ ci vE i=- QJ v>i ZK GS- h&i !- hiu R- '&- R

S- i=- !A- v$ H-hJ 'Q! h* i! _1` v$ 'Q! h* i! _0`. ZB (h i! iD& 2

R- '&- %$ !A- . ~*;! Q- iEu h !+,- +,- v>i B !c- hF -W /&

& h&i Q iEu h zZK /i=- i!: MQ! !hB hi- !/=- R- '&- !h -h! GS-

hA- !- hiu Y' _1`] v$ 'Q! !hB hi- !/=- R- '&- !h h&i v>i hA- S

& !- hiu GD %iu Y' _0`]

h& & !- hiu ZK R !h %i=- ! h* (h- %i=- !. ZK h& %i=- ! R

!h ;! +F - h "! !/;- !hi & R h& h)i R 'Q! !+,- u&- -h!

16

ZR- '&- 1

1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1'Y!]

Z1Y!]

Z2Y!]

ZR- '&- 2


17/74

H-h v>i !- hiu iEu h. eE '! !*- h^ R !h u@ /& @=u Au N- !h- v>i

h+,- h ZK -h+ &u:

1 1 2 2Y ] * . Y ] * . Y ]8S,S t c t S t c t S t = + Y1.8]

#/*- R: 1 v$ 2 %$ !A- R & h&i R- '&-

2 Y ]S t %$ hA- S & !- hiu GD %iu 1Y ]S t

2 1Y ] 1 Y ]S t S t = Y1.9]

ru i) p GD %iu !uA- h*$- v>i !A- , )- 0 !h:

( ) ( )

( )

1 0 0

2 0 0

Y ] * 1 2 2 * 1 3 * ...

* 1 2 2 * 1 3 * ...

8S,S t c t c t c t

c t c t c t

= + + + + +

Y1.10]

Zu@ /&:

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

1 1 0 1 0

2 2 0 2 0

1 2 * 1 * * 1 3...

1 2 * 1 * * 1 3...

8S,S t c t c t c t

c t c t c t

= + + + + + + +

Y1.11]

CR !h u@ /& hc & !- hiu ZK 'Q! h ,- i)- %$ !c- h&i R- '&-

iEu h zZK /i=- i! q !A- R 1 v$ 2 .

H]F 1.b.N- !h- !- hiu ZK

e>i ZK v !- hiu -hH hT- _0` v$ _1` iEu h %=- R- '&- /i=- /i zZK. w* R

-u h !hu !h$-h hA- !A- , )- !h N- !h- !c- Q- - 4[0Q- v>i

(h*)- GHh !A- [. #u@ -hi=- v [0- 'Q! -p& * v>i zZK -=- N- !h- !c-

17

Kh*)- G h !A-

rN- %+F-!- hiu


18/74

Q- - v>i N- !h- !c- & zZK Q- v>i (h*)- GHh !A-. #+,- !BJ -u

!hu ) h$i P 3 !h N- !h- - 6 [0- v>i (h*)- GHh !A- [.

rhD- +u i' & ZK * v>i zZK %$: #-h h! i=- Q (h- ci & !-

hiu R- '&- (h- T@ %?- h - u! v$ !;* (h) -N- 'it- !/y i v>i !;T'.

1.*.*. 3h4 5#h -h 6PS38Phs: Shi;t 3:yingi %*;i -$@ B GHh

hu@- h& l)@ /& !;i 'si i! h&@ 'si @'*%J (h- A- u&- !T' !>i husi i! _0`

h&@ _1` &- +F !/u@E-. i) p v>i iEu h 2gZK vi &i !h 'Q! B GHh h& 900

!+,- !- v>i !- hiu hi- h$-h h H-h _0` %$ i! ( !iJ !/*- (hi B GHh h&2700h i! _1` %$ i! ( !i. rh+ vP@ ';h i)i iEu h h A- l H-h Q %>-

& B GHh h& !h&@ v h)i l H-h i !/H !u@! i & !y- h&. ';h iEu

h h (hi -$* !h&@ ci !/;- !hi & GD %iu '>i ci h& & R- '&-

eE '! !*- h^ !& R !h l H-h N- !h- & ZK. T@ h- !& !/-h

$@ !- hiu -hH hT- G+>i G;- %+n- B v ' T' & !- hiu < %$ (! u)

ci h& 1800& R- '&-. #- hiu GD %iu iu Git- G+>i G;- husi *u/i\/

-h+ &u:

( ) [ ]0 0 04 * 1 3 *3 1 5 *5 ...S t c t c t c t = + Y1.12]

#y R u@ /&:

[ ]0 04 * . * 1 3 * . *3 ...:S, c cS c t c t c t c t = + Y1.13]

18


19/74

H]F1.1c. iEu h h& !- hiu -hH hT- 1011001

H]F 1.11.N- !h- !- hiu ZK

|=u Au vE Q /Q- N- i v>i zZK v$ ZK %$ i- -h&u !h hi- /W !/*-

h$' 'P! Q hc - u!:

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

2 2

0 02

2 22 2

0 0

i- i- 4 .:S,

P 5 5 P 5 5 : 1

P 5 5 P 5 5

+ = + +

Y1.14]

19

!h$-h hA- !A- , )- ! i!

ZR- '&-

1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

rN- %+F-!- hiu


20/74

hc & ZK (h- h& h$' w\%!& wi/& h&@ lu- q !A- '&-J v$ G*

R %$ G;- iEu h -x- R- '&-.

1.*.A. B7"8B(/t(/: 7m-9it(: "$(9ti$n

MQ! !- hiu iEu h i=- Q vu- R YdzM] p G- h&i R- '&- vu-R %$ *2 cc 5 t v$ i-2 c5 t J 'si 'Q! !/*- h- +F iEu h qi 'Q! husi Q

%P i! !h- !i-. C G;- R- !- hiu +F !/u@E- i R G;-:

( ) ( ) ( )* 2 i- 2m mc c ms cS t 1 g t 5 t 1 g t 5 t = + m= 1J 2J ...J M Y1.15]

#/*- R mc1 v$ ms1 %$ !P ' i=- Q -hP- +F - h -h l;

husi ( i! !h$-h i=- Q !- hiuJ ( )g t %$ lu- l H-h !-h hc & !-

hiu !/u@E-.

#c- u! h,-J dzM R !h +F l\' -h+ 'Q! G;- hs- hF & iEu h

i=- Q v$ iEu h h& .

e>i 8gZK GD %iu +F hi& !h$-h Ri f' 3 i! Y#/ii!]J MQ! i! iu Git-

h* i=- Q R- '&-J h&i ! m- %;i iu Git- h&. w* R !- hiu iEu h - h,- h! i S- 'Q! %+F- !h- !i- R l u! %sih* !/+>.

1.%TI&U CHU'N LA CH(N "HNG TH)C IU CH

1.A.1.Hi( @( #ng s(Ct

# % %si i!J h&@ l u! %si i! & 'Q! !/-h !B iEu h %$ ! % -hHh v>i

0bI R J ! % -N- %+F- i! !/=- 'P! Q hc -hitu. Ch- h;-J b: & zZK !/*-

(=-h zr +F h* qi:

0

2b

b

I: i Y!] Yig1]

0 ! #

i 1J2J3.

~&@ :

[ ]1

2kZ Y!] 2

# c$os 5 t

J 0 ! #

Y2.2]

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2kZ Y!]g 2

# c$os 5 t

J 0 ! #

Y2.3]

#y h+,- !-h Y2.2] v$ Y2.3] !/=- !& !h@ /- h R 'Q! h$' , q %$ :

[ ]1

2Y ] 2

# ct $os 5 t = J 0 ! #

Khi R !& iu Git- Z1Y!] v$ Z2Y!] !h\*1 (t) -h+ &u:

1 1Z Y!] k J 0 ! #

2 1Z Y!]g k J 0 ! # Y2.4]

24


25/74

H]F 2.1. Kh- i&- !- hiu ZK

eP@ !- hiu iEu h ZK +F !/+- qi (h- i&- !- hiu 1 hiEu v>i2 i' )- !i- v$ !^& Q +F !-h :

11 1 1

0

Y ] Y ] Y ]bP

bS S t t * t I = = Y2.5]

21 2 1

0

Y ] Y ] Y ]bP

bS S t t * t I = =

u@! H-h !- hiu v$* !hu +F %$ 0 h&@ 1 !& hi& (h- i&- !- hiu !h$-h

2 vS- :

eS- 1: i' A- )- !i- k+ -h! Y- v>i 0 ].

eS- 2: C i' A- )- !i- k -h! Y - v>i i! 1].

du@ !" u@! H-h %$ GB *- !- hiu %$ 1Z Y!] h&@ _0` +F h! -u !- hiu

!hu /,i v$* vS- 1 v$ Z2Y!] h&@ _1` /,i v$* vS- 2 . #u@ -hi=- R !h l)@ /& h&i

u@! H-h &i . !- hiu Z2Y!] +F h! !u@ -hi=- G* ! G- & -hitu !- hiu !hu

%;i /,i v$* vS- 1 v$ -+F %;i.

25


26/74

H]F 2.2.Z, f (hi '@ h! v$ '@ !hu ZK

!-h !*- l u! T@ /& %si -u i' 1 J i !/H u&- ! -u h! i' _1` %$ :

1 10

Y ] Y ] Y ]bP

) ) t t * t= Y2.6]

e>i @Y!] %$ !- hiu !hu +F . #& R !h /! /& h$' hT- l u! (hi ( hiu

1 h&@ !- hiu Z2Y!] +F h! :

2

1 1 1

0

1 1[ Y 1] \l Y@ ] [ b) IRR

= Y2.7]

u! %si '$ (hi h! !- hiu 1 '$ '@ !hu u@! H-h %$ 0 - :

2

1 1 1 1 1

0 00

1 1 Y0 1] [ Y 1] \l8 Y@ ] 4 ) b) *) I *)

RR

= = Y2.8]

#y R !& !-h +F :

0 0

21 Y0 1] \/[Y ]dY ]

2

b b4

I I

R R=

Y2.9]

w* !-h i l- -=- Y0 1] Y1 0]4 4= G* R l u! %si !/u- -h i v>i iEu

h ZK %$ :

26

ZR- '&-

ZR- '&-

,- B L+n- B

Z* -h#h ZK #h /&

#h ZK

#h v$*


27/74

0

2 Y0 1] dY ]b4

I

R=

Y2.10]

2.2. IU CH "HA VI SAI -"S/3iEu h h& vi &i !huQ %*;i iEu h (h- f- Q Y ! %$ (h- A- l

H-h h& & *- '&- - ] %$ p G- '? vi hT- GB& !/=- !-h h! %$ hiu h&

& 2 ( hiu %i=- !i (h- h !huQ v$* h& R- !>i YK hiu !/+> R h& !>i

%$ &* -hi=u !h ( hiu -&@ &u R X- R h& !>i -h+ vP@ h&@ -Ri h (h %$

h& R- !>i *i %$ !h&@ ci hP' !/*- (h*)- !hai i&- i!] KO !huP! -$@ f' 2

!h&* !: '? vi hT- G?@ %i v$* /fi !hB hi- ZK. pi 0 Q- !h=' h& 180

v$* G;- R-J pi 1 !& iD G;- R- (h- ci Y-h+ vP@ A- i! h& & !

!/+> R]. Q !hu R -h> R !h * &i h& iD& 2 ( hiu %i=- !i.

H]F 2.. Z, f (hi h* '@ h! v$ '@ !hu wZK

iEu h wZK %$ G;- iEu h '$ h+,- h i)i iEu h (h- A- h)i

%$ G;- (! hF v>i ' h %$ i)' Q h !; & '@ !hu. M@ !hu (h- (!

hF /{ h,- v$ Gt h !;* h,- G* R +F p G- /Q- /?i !/*- h !h- !h-

27

!h!hu

#/t

#/t

#- hiuv$*

M;h%*i

#/t

iEu hZK

*

Q G&*-

@

du@!H-h %i

/&

M 1ru @0

M 0ru @0


28/74

!i- v !u@- . #/*- h !h- wZK J husi -hH hT- Au v$* ? hR& vi&i

+F !;* /& !y husi -hH hT- Au v$* - h Q- !- hiu v$ .

M h %$ ( hiu (h- ci * v>i ( hiu !/+> -u ( hiu Au v$*

%$ 1J v$ < ci -u %$ 0 .

#;* !- hiu wZK: #/+> h! !;* G?@ '? vi hP- G(

g ru %$ 1 J iD %;i i- -h+ i! !/+>

g ru 0 J < !h&@ ci * v>i

(g1( (g1 ( ( G G G

)- '? hR& -h+ &u:

1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

( 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0

(g1G 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1

(g1G 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

(g1 ( G 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

(g1 (G 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

w?@ '? vi hT- (G 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1

h& +F h! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

#/*- , f (hi & '@ h! wZK R hA- !p !/t v>i !hai i&- %$ # v$

';h %*i !;* /& husi '? hR& vi&i !y !- hiu -hH hT- Au v$* . #- hiu Au

/& +F +& v$* Q iEu h ZK !hu +F !- hiu wZK . '@ !hu J husi

!- hiu +F (hi h !y !- hiu wZK qi ';h c u-.

2.. IU CH "HA C4U "HNG i Q"S/

2.*.1 " t v' i'( #h) BPS3

28


29/74

iEu h dZK R !h hiu %$ iEu h ZK v>i M4. w* vP@ !& R !h vi!

- !h h* R- '&- +F iEu h 4gZK -h+ &u:

{ }2

2 Y ]

0

i0 0

Z Y!]

c

I$os 5 t

t PP

t t P

+ +

< i h! i !- hiu 2 ! : 00J10J11v$ 01

k %$ -N- %+F- h! i !/=- 'Q! ( hiu

#2# %$ !hai i&- & 'Q! ( hiu

[c%$ !A- R- '&-

%$ R h& +F iEu h

%$ R h& &- Au

Msi i !/H & h& !+,- - v>i h&i i! Gu@ -h! & !- hiu +F ^i %$

i! J h- h;- !& R !h %P i !/i h& iu Git- !P i! +F '?

hR& /&@ -h+ &u : 10J00J01 v$ 11. R h& &- Au %$ 'Q! h- -hP- i !/H

! (V !/*- (h*)- 0 - 2 J v R h& -$@ (h- )-h h+q- - u !/-h T-

!h -=- !& < lh* -R - (h-.

Zp G- i- ci %+F- i !& R !h vi! %;i h+,- !/-h !/=- %;i G;-!+,- - -h+ &u :

{ } ( )2 2

Y2 1] 2 Y2 1] 2 4 4 0

i0 0

Z Y!]

c c

I I$os i $os 5 t Sin i Sin 5 t

P P t P

t t P

< i v\!, !+,- - +F l H-h -h+ &u:Y 2 1]

4

*Y 2 1] 4

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iI$ i

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=

i1J2J3J4 Y2.14]

C hA- !p & v\!, !- hiu : 1iS v$ 2iS R i !/H +F !c- (! q

)- &u. ~&i Q! Au & )- h* !& i! v$ h& !+,- - & !- hiu

dZK J !/*- R i! 0 !+,- - v>i ' i- J m- i! 1 !+,- - v>i

i- .

30


31/74

)- 2.1. )- v\!, q (h- i&- !- hiu dZK

#y (h)* ! q !/=- !& !h@ 'Q! !- hiu dZK +F !/+- qi 'Q! (h-

i&- 2 hiEu Y r2 ] v$ - i' )- !i- Y M4 ] -h+ h-h v< :

H]F 2..Kh- i&- !- hiu iEu h dZK

e G : Chusi !- hiu Au v$* 11000001 +F h* -h+ h-h G+>i . husi

-$@ %;i +F hi& !h$-h h&i husi &* f' i! %{ v$ ! h- . ~&i husi -$@

+F iu !hH q Gm- !/=- S- . C G;- R- !h hi- !h$-h hA- f-

h& v$ %h h& vu- R dZK X- +F h* q h-h G+>i . CR !h -hP- lx!

/i=- h&i G;- R- -$@ -h+ !- hiu 2gZK.

31

C i! v$*h& & !-hiu dZK

Y/&Gi&-]

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32/74

H]F 2.%.du !/-h h-h !h$-h R- dZK

hiu +F -u@=- !" u@! H-h (hi !h R- husi %iu h! J !& hT-

hi& (h- i&- !- hiu !h$-h 4 hA- -h+ &u :

#P hF & i' A- -h! i' )- !i- %i=- u&- - v\!* !-

hiu Z1

#P hF & i' A- -h! i' )- !i- %i=- u&- - v\!* !i-

hiu Z2

#P hF & i' A- -h! i' )- !i- %i=- u&- - v\!* !-

hiu Z3

#P hF & i' A- -h! i' )- !i- %i=- u&- - v\!* !-

hiu Z4

!hB hi- vi hT- hi& -Ri !/=- !& ({ h&i +a- vu- R hi& Eu '$-

h-h vu- -i i' )- !i- &u R -h Gu vS- !+,- - . #& +F

vS- u@! H-h %$ R hA- !+ R -h !/S- v>i !^& Q . C vS- -$@

+F -h Gu %$ 1J2J3 v$ 4.

#& R !h iu Git- !- hiu !hu +F -h+ &u :

Y ] Y ] Y!]i) t S t= + Y2.15]

#/*- R :

32


33/74

i 1J2J3J4

Y!] %$ h$' 'bu & u !/-h -bu -hi=- &u R i !/H !/u- -h 0 v$ 'P!

Q hc - u! 0

2

R

e\!* u&- !/" @ & '@ !hu dZK -h! u- R h&i !h$-h hA- 1) v$ 2)

+F l H-h -h+ &u :

1 1

0

Y ] Y ]P

) ) t t= Y2.16]

1Y2 1]

4I Sin i

= +

2 2

0

Y ] Y ]P

) ) t t *t= Y2.17]

2Y2 1] 4

I$os i

= +

#/*- R :

i 1J2J3J4

eP@ @1 v$ @2 %$ i !/H %@ 'bu & i- -bu -hi=- &u Q %P R

i !/H !/u- -h - i- Y2ig1] v$ * Y2ig1] !+,- - v$ R h+,-

&i - 02

R

T@ ia u@ !" u@! H-h hu- h ,- i)- %$ *- iZ Y!] +F h! -u i'

!- hiu !hu %i=- u&- - v\!* @ u&- !/" /,i - v$* vS- i . < l)@ /& 'Q!u@! H-h &i (hi h- h;- !- hiu 1Z Y!] +F h! -h+- !; T' Y!] %>- -

' '$ i' !- hiu /,i /& -*$i vS- 1 .

rha !-h i l- & vS- u@! H-h J l u! Git- i)i i' & !-

hiu !hu - (h- h !huQ v$* !- hiu Au -$* +F h! . i) p !& i! /-

!- hiu !hu - (h- h !huQ v$* !- hiu h! . i) p !& i! /- !- hiu

1Z Y!] +F h! . M@ !hu < +& /& u@! H-h - -u i' !hu +F !/-h $@ qi

33


34/74

v\!* u&- !/" @ -' !/*- vS- 1 & iu f (h- i&- !- hiu . eP@ i v>i

'Q! u@! H-h - (hi !- hiu 1Z Y!] +F h! J !h$-h hA- & v\!* u&-

!/" @ : 1) v$ 2) h)i S- G+,- :

H]F 2.6.eS- u@! H-h - v$ vS- u@! H-h &i

iEu -$@ R -h}& /- l u! & 'Q! u@! H-h - - l u! R iEu

(i- & B (! hF 1) 0 v$ 2) 0 J (hi 1Z Y!] +F h! . r*$i /& ) h&i 1) v$ 2)

Eu %$ i- -bu -hi=- R i !/H !/u- -h - v$ h+,- &i - -=-

!& R !h vi! -h+ &u :

2 2

1 2

1. 2

0 00 00 0

k kY@ g ] Y@ g ]

1 12 2 \l8g G@ \l8g G@

r rr r

Y2.18]

#/*- R !h hT- !h -h! v h)i %$ l u! R iEu (i- & B (i- 1@ 0>

v$ !h hT- !h h&i %$ l u! R iEu (i- & 2) 0 . (hi 1Z Y!] +F h! . ! :

1

0

k@ g

2

r

Y2.19]

Khi !h&@ i- 1) v$ 2) - !& R !h vi! %;i :

34


35/74

0

2

2

k

2r

1 \l8Yg ]G

Y2.20]#p H-h -h}& & h$' S %si !& +F :

0

2

2

0

2

1 1 \l8Yg ] 1g

2 2I

R

IQ *Q 4(5c

R

=

Y2.21]

eP@ !& R :

2

0

11g

2 2c

I: 4(5c

R

=

Y2.22]

2

0 0

11g

2 4 2

I I4(5c 4(5c

R R

= +

eP@ l u! !/u- -h i v>i %si ( hiu h* !/+a- hF dZK (! hF +F

l H-h -h+ &u :

\ 1g

Y2.23]

2

0 0

1

2 4 2

I I4(5c 4(5c

R R

=

vS-0

1

2

I

R

>>

!& R !h j u& !h$-h hA- !h 2 q h&i v h)i & iu

!h !/=- . eP@ !& R - !h !-h l u! !/u- -h & %si ( hiu i v>i

dZK (! hF :

02

4

I: 4(5c

R

=

Y2.24]

0

k2d

2r

35


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h !h- dZK !& !h@ /- R h&i i! !/=- 'Q! ( hiu . iEu -$@ R -h}&

%$ -N- %+F- +F h! i !/=- 'Q! ( hiu h&i %$- -N- %+F- !/=- 'Q! i! J

-h}& %$ :

k2k

eP@ R !h iu Git- l u! !/u- -h & %si ( hiu !h\* !

0

k

r:

\

0 0

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2r 2r4(5c

= =

Y2.25]

2.*.2 PhG v %ng thng # tIn hi( BPS3

H]F 2._.MP! Q lu! & !-hiu dZK

MP! Q

hc -

u! & !-

hiu dZKR !h +F

!' !h\* h

i- -h+

i v>i !-

hiu ZK

v>i hu (V 1

& i! # !h&@ - hu (V 'Q! !- hiu # . MP! Q hc - u! & !- hiu

dZK +F !-h !h\* - !h :

2 2

dZK

k Zi-Y[g[ ]# Zi-Y[[ ]#

2Y[g[ ]# Y[[ ]#

Y2.26]

2 2

Zi-Y[g[ ]# Zi-Y[[ ]#k

Y[g[ ]# Y[[ ]#

36


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N- !h- & !- hiu dZK

2i)' * v>i N- !h- & !- hiu

ZK .

2.*.* Di'( #h) v gii i'( #h) BPS3T@ ia !& i lx! u !/-h iEu h v$ i)i iEu h dZK . ~-h 2.7Y&] %$ ,

f (hi & Q iEu h dZK :

Y&] Q iEu h dZK

Y] Q i)i iEu h dZK

H]F 2.`.Z, f (hi '@ h! Y&]v$ !hu Y] dZK.

wD %iu Au v$* +F hi& %$' h&i %uf- Q %P : 'Q! %uf- h& i!

h- Y!- hiu I ] J 'Q! %uf- h& i! %{ Y!- hiu d]. Q hu@- ci '

37

#h

dZK

K=-h d

K=-h I

wD %iu -hH

hT- ri !i *- *-

L

L

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90

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hu@- ci ( hiu 0 v$ 1 !h$-h %+n- B !+,- - v>i v$ g . #& !h@

/- q '^i (h*)- !hai i&- J h&i %uf- !- hiu -$@ +F -hT- v>i !- hiu *-

'&- !/B i&* 1Y!] v$ 2Y!] . K! u) -hP- +F R- '&- 2gZK . Z&u R 2

R- -$@ +F Q- v>i -h&u !;* !- hiu dZK . w* !-h !/B i&* & 2 R-

'&- -=- R !h !h 2 %uf- !- hiu -$@ +F . L+u /- Q /Q- # & !- hiu

dZK 2 %A- Q /Q- & Gm- !- hiu .

2.%. IU CH 5Q"S/ lmmBn QDXkXDkn "FXBn SFm /ng 3

#/*- !hB ! -+ai !& !h+a- GS- h iEu h GB& !/=- -u@=- !" &

dZK -h+- !;* B %h h& & h&i !- hiu !/=- h&i (=-h I v$ d - h h*

'Q! !- hiu !/t 'Q! i! Y bP ] * v>i !- hiu (i&J ^i %$ iEu h dZK. ei %$'

-$@ (hi- h* B hu@- !/;- !hi & !- hiu q (=-h -$@ Y!h G (=-h I] %u- %u-

l)@ /& q -&@ i' iD& & !- hiu & (=-h (i& Y(=-h d]J -h+ vP@ !/*- 'Q!

i! Id ! (V h R B !h&@ ci & 'Q! i! Gu@ -h! v$ iEu -$@ +& - (! u) %$

!- hiu q -? /& !c- hF h %h h& 0 h* 90 h (h- h)i 180 -h+ q

dZK. eP@ i' !huP- %Fi & dZK %$ i>i h;- +F B %h h& & !- hiu /&

v$ !/-h +F lu- Q! i- (hi h hfi !- hiu -hH hT-.

H]F 2.a.Z, f (hi & Q iEu h dZK

R !h * -h !- hiu q -? /& !c- hFJ !& lx! husi !- hiu v$*

-h+ Y~ 2.9] v$ husi !- hiu & 2 (=-h I v$ d !/*- h&i !/+a- hF dZK Y~

2.9] v$ dZK Y~ 2.9]

38

#h-hH hT- #h dZK

]

]

hT- %uf-

Chu@- '

Chu@- '


39/74

e$ !- hiu !c- hF q -W /& !+,- -

H]F 2.b

g ru 2 i! !/=- 2 (=-h I v$ d (h -h&u h*$- !*$- !h !- hiu !+,- !B

!+,- - (h -h&u 180*

g ru 2 i! !/=- 2 (=-h I v$ d h (h -h&u 'Q! i! !h !- hiu !+,- !B

!+,- - (h -h&u 90* h* g90*.

39


40/74

i' ! %Fi & h+,- h dZK %$ B !h&@ ci h& & !- hiu /& l)@ /&

!/*- !y- (h*)- !hai i&- # G* R vP- ! iEu h v$ N- !h- !i !hiu &

(=-h !/u@E- !N- i * v>i h+,- h dZK .

u! %si & h+,- h dZK X- +F !-h -h+ h+,- h dZKJ %$ :

\

0 0

k k 2d

r r4(5c

=

Y2.27]

H]F 2.1c.MP! Q hc - u! & !- hiu dZK

#/=- h-h iu Git- 'P! Q - u! & !- hiu dZK S- v>i !- hiu

ZK J dZK J dZK. Ch- B* iu Git- !/=- 'iE- !A- v>i ! Q !/u@E-

GD %iu %$ : 1

bJP

= . #& !h@J +a- &* h-h & hc !- hiu dZK v$ dZK h

h,- hc !- hiu ZK v$ MZK.

N- !h- h* dZK -hj h,- h* ZK. (! u) !-h !*- R !h h* !& %iu !+,- i -h+ &u :

99 1.2 bE J o YMZK]

99 10 bE J o YdZK v$ dZK]

99 20 bE J o YZK]

40


41/74

2.6. IU CH #I&N : VU8NG G0C i QA7

2.J.1. " t v' B7" v(ng

MQ! !- hiu iEu h i=- Q vu- R dzM p G- h&i R- '&- vu-

R %$ *2 [c t v$ i- 2 [ t 'si h- +F iEu h qi 'Q! husi Q %P i!

!h- !i-. w;- R- !/u@E- i R G;- :

Y ] Y ] *2 [ Y ] i- 2 [ m mc P ms P u t 1 g t c t 1 g t t = + ' 1J 2J 3JJM Y2.28]

#/*- R { }mc v$ { }ms1 %$ !P ' i=- Q -hP- +F - h -h

l; husi ( i! !h$-h i=- Q !- hiu. rh+ h-h 2.11. ' !) iu f &* !-hiu 16 dzM '$ -R -hP- +F - h iEu h i=- Q !y- R- '&- -

4 zMJ ! %$ 'si ' !- hiu ;i Gi- h* 4 i! !h- !i-. i' ';-h & %+F

f -$@ %$ !/-h %si G* !/;- !hi u A- -h&u. w* R v>i %+F f -$@ 8 h&

+F GS- -h+- ' i=- Q %i=- u&- - h&i h& (E -h&u %$ (h -h&uJ iEu

-$@ !;* h* h*;! Q- !;i '@ !hu ! R -u@ , Gb- - %si -h+- %;i R hA- G+

!hy& q T@ qi v (h- h)i !! ) 4 ' i=- Q Eu +F GS- h* 'si h&.

#/*- u !/-h iEu h !/+> (hi !hB hi- iEu h Gm- i! +F h* u& ';h

l* !/Q- J !;i T@ ';h < ci Gm- i! !h$-h !h !B i) 'Q! h -bu -hi=- -h'%$' i)' l u! %si i! %i=- !i.

Y&] Y]

H]F 2.11. CKJ opD Oq BXl FdD

X3 H]F rDs @ o3 H]F kt

41


42/74


43/74

1 Y ] Y ] *Y2 [ ]Pt g t c t = + Y2.32]

2 Y ] Y ] i- Y2 [ ]Pt g t t = +

rh+ +F 'i-h h^& !/=- h-h 2.13J m- %i /& & Q !+,- u&- +F%@ 'bu /fi +& !>i Q !h !- hiu. M;h vm- (hR& h& YLL ] < +> %+F-

%+F- GHh h& R- '&- & !- hiu !hu +F v$ S %+F- GHh h& -$@ -

h GHh h& 1Y ]t v$ 2 Y ]t . f- hf !/=- h-h 2.16 +F f- Q v>i !- hiu !hu

+F &* h* %i /& & Q !+,- u&- +F %@ 'bu !;i !hai i' h-h

l. rh+ vP@ %i /& & h&i Q !+,- u&- < %$ :

* i-c mc c s( 1 n c n = + Y2.33]

i- *s ms c s( 1 n n c = + +

e>i0

1Y ] Y ]

2

P

c c Pn n t g t *t =

0

1Y ] Y ]

2

P

s s Pn n t g t *t = Y2.34]

C !h$-h hA- !; T' %$ i- -bu -hi=- R (V v^- - 0J (h- !+,-u&-J v>i h+,- &i r02. r=- R !h Gt G$- !h /& (hji !- hiuJ Q !h !- hiu

!i +u !-h '\!/i (h*)- h :

2

Y J ]m mU ( s ( s= ' 1J 2J ..JM Y2.35]

#/*- R v\!*/ / Y c( J s( ] v$ Ym s mcs I 1= J s msI 1 ]

43


44/74

H]F 2.1. i)i iEu h v$ !h !- hiu dzM

2.J.*. L# s(Ct 9Mi tIn hi( B7"

C !- hiu !/=- !h$-h hA- !/B i&* vE h& +F hT- h v>i -h&u -ha

vi !h !- hiu (! hFJ l u! %si i v>i dzM +F l H-h !y l u! %si

i v>i zMJ -h+ vP@ l u! i v>i h !h- dzM M ' %$ :

( )2

1c M

: := Y2.36]

v>i M: %$ l u! %si & 'Q! zM M ' v>i 'Q! -p& - u! !/u- -h

!/=- 'si 'Q! !- hiu vu- R & h !h- dzM !+,- +,-. - h i-

ci !hh hF l u! %si i v>i zM M ' !& -hP- +F :

0

312 1

Y 1]

a

M

I: i M 2k (hi ( h-. Khi ( %{ !h < (h- R 'Q! h

!h- zM M ' !+,- +,-. ru h- !& G- Q !h !- hiu !i +u

44

du@!H-h%i /&

2Y ]t

0

Y.]*t

0

Y.]*t

L@ 'bu

f- hf

L@ 'bu

#-h

'\!/i(h*)-hwY]

Y ]Pg tdu&@h&

LL

1 Y ]t

#-

hiu!hu+F


45/74

+& /& u@! H-h & -R GB& !/=- '\!/i (h*)- h !i +u +F h* qi

Y2.35] !h l u! %si @'*% +F h- !/=- !h\*

2

0 0

3 31 1 2 4

Y 1] Y 1]

a abM

I kI: < i ! (V 1k -$* J!/*- R0

abI

R%$ Zr !/u- -h !/=- 'Q! i!

CHNG III * 78 "H9NG 7:T S L5;I IU CH/H0A -CH "HA "S/3 #


46/74

v$ v\!*/J !/*- 'Q! iEu (i- -$* R A- h)i vi! h+,- !/-h - 'Q! -- -D

(h- !+,- ! v>i ;i %+F- v h+>- -h+ C h* */!/&-.

#=- Mz#Lz R -h}& %$ -hD- !h -hi' vE '& !/P- YM&!/il L&*/&!*/@].

#/+> !i=-J Mz#Lz +F vi! Gt G$- !/u@ lu! '& !/P- v$ hA- 'E' +Fh! !/i- qi h&i GB - LIrzCK v$ kIZzCKJ '$ S- !/-h $@ !/-h Q h!

!/i- & (h*& h^ (O !huP! q 'Q! i&i *;- !h !/*- hA- 'E' h* vi !-h

!*- !/=- '& !/P-.

Mz#Lz ? +F h! !/i- u& -hiEu i&i *;- v>i -uf- !$i %iu +F u-

!y -hiEu ! i). #/*- 'i !/+a- ;i h^J -R %$ - R !-h h+>- Gb-

huo- h* vi i>i !hiu v$ -hD- h+>- !i- Q !/*- !*- h^J (O !huP! v$ (h*&

h^.

46


47/74

Mz#Lz ' !) -hD- -x! i! & -hD- h i)i u@! h* -hD- -

G- l H-h +F ^i %$ #**%*l\. ! u&- !/^- h* hAu h! -hD- -+ai p

G- Mz#LzJ #**%*l\ h* hx !& h^ v$ G- -hD- - -h hu@=-

G-. #**%*l\ %$ !P hF !*$- Q -hD- h$' & Mz#Lz YMg[i%\] '$ 'i

!/+a- & Mz#Lz +F 'q /Q- i)i u@! -hD- v- E i!. rhD-

%}-h vB '$ #**%*l\ R i !/H %$ lp % !- hiuJ h !h- iEu (hi-J ';- !P

!/u-J %*i 'aJ ' hj- v$ -hiEu %}-h vB (h -D&.

*.1.2.H thng "t9%

= thng MPTE gm c- F th!nh &h7n chDnhW

&.r- -D Mz#Lz:

T@ %$ 'Q! -- -D %$' vi !/=- ')- h* '& !/P- P &* v>i %-h iEu

(hi-J h$'J u !/ GD %iuJ lu! -hP v$ i' & %P !/-h

h+>- i !+F-. rR h* hx ) _%P !/-h -hj` -h&-h hR- !;* /&

h+,- !/-h v$ (h" h +F -h&-h &i R! !/*- h+,- !/-h v$

_%P !/-h %>-` !;* /& -hD- h+,- !/-h - G- h !;.

.Mi !/+a- %$' vi & Mz#Lz

T@ %$ !P hF -hD- - v$ h+,- !i- '$ !& %$' vi v>i Mz#Lz -h+

%$ -+ai p G- h* %P !/-h vi=-. rR &* f' -hD- h+,- !i- h*

vi u)- % i- !/*- vS- %$' vi v$ vi lu! h* -hP GD %iu.

rR X- &* f' -hD- - h! !/i-J u)- %J n /i v$ !;* Mg

[i%\ !/*- -hD- - G- & Mz#Lz.

.K=-h iEu (hi- f h^&.

R %$ h !h- f h^& & Mz#Lz. rR &* f' -hD- %-h &* h* GD%iu h&i hiEu v$ & hiEuJ lp % )-h Q- v$ iu Git- f h^&. rR

X- &* f' -hD- %-h !h '$ h* hx !& !S@ h^- B lu! hi-

& f h^& i- -h+ %$ vi lT@ GB- 'Q! i&* Gi- p G- f h^&

h*$- h)* !/*- -hD- - G- Mz#Lz & '-h.

G.#h+ vi- h$' !*- h^ & Mz#Lz

47


48/74

R %$ B !hu !hP & !huP! !*- !-h !*- !/=- '@ !-h !y h$' ,

-h+ h$' u'J i-\J *i-\ v$ hJ v$ -hD- h$' h !; h,-

-h+ '& !/P- -hHh )*J '& !/P- i !/H /i=-J h$' \\% v$ hx

i- ci *u/i\/J L&%&\

\.i&* Gi- %P !/-h - G- & Mz#Lz.

R %$ 'Q! !h+ vi-J '$ h* hx !& vi! h+,- !/-h - -- -D %P !/-h C

h* */!/&- '$ R )-h h+q- !>i Mz#Lz. rR &* f' -hD- h+,-

!i- ^i -hD- !P !i- !hi h$-h h+,- !/-h !y Mz#Lz Y%i=- (!

Q-]J ^i Mz#Lz -h+ %$ 'Q! h+,- !i- !-h !*- v$ ^ v$ vi!

Mz#g[i%\.

*.1.*.KiNi thi( v' O$$9$Q:s

#**%*l\ %$ B !P hF hu@=- GS- & Mg[i%\ Yh+,- !/-h -- -D

Mz#Lz] +F %P -=- h* B i)i u@! h$- %*;! v- E /i=- i!.

#**%*l\ %$ B !P hF & -hiEu h$' hDu h. rR !/-h $@ (! u) & B -s

%B & -h$ -hi=- u h$- Au !h i>i !/*- %}-h vB -h+ iEu

(hi-J (i' *!J lp % !- hiuJ h! hi- h !h-J v$ -hiEu %}-h vB

(h.

.1.%.SZDh

Zi'u%i-(J 'Q! h+,- !/-h h+>- Gb- h* Mz#LzJ %$ 'Q! h !h-

!+,- ! h* vi ' hj- h !h- Q- hi !u@-. rR %$ 'Q!

h+,- !/-h iEu (hi- huQ! f h^& '$ h* hx !& ' h-h hR& 'Q! h

!h- - h v< 'Q! , f (hi !/=- '$- h-h v$ !h&* ! !/=- -R. rR

R !h %$' vi v>i h !h- !u@- !-hJ h !h- hi !u@-J h !h- %i=-

!J h !h- /ai /;J h !h- & i- v$ h !h- & ! Q.

%*(\! +F +& v$* Zi'u%i-( '$ (hi R +F u- !y !h+ vi-

& -R h* -hD- - G- hu@=- G- -h+: h !h- !h- !i-J h

!h- lp % !- hiu v$ h !h- -uf-.

\&%g!i'\ */(h* %$ 'Q! h+,- !/-h '$ h* hx !& !;* '? C !y -hD- ,f (hi v$ h+,- !/-h -$@ R !h h;@ !/*- h !h- /\&%g!i'\.

.2.78 "H9NG IU CH #"S/.

48


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*.2.1. S khi # my -ht v my th( PS3

#/*- iEu h ZK GD %iu v$* !/B !i %$ 0 h&@ 1 +F hu@- !>i h& & 0

v$ J !+,- - . w* R G;- R- hi- !hH -h+ &u :

(ZY!]z*Y2[ !.G ] Y3.1]

#/*- R (G %$ husi GD %iu Au v$*.

H]F .1 *Y&] , f '@ h! ZK

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