DESIGN OF SINGLE PYLON CABLE STAYED BRIDGE
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
HARISH.R 411711103006
SATHYANARAYANAN.R 411711103031
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRINCE SHRI VENKATESHWARA PADMAVATHY ENGINEERING
COLLEGE, PONMAR
ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600025
OCTOBER 2014
ANNA UNIVERSITY: 600 025
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report DESIGN OF SINGLE PYLON CABLE
STAYED BRIDGE is the bonafide work of HARISH.R (411711103006) and
SATHYANARAYANAN.R (411711103031) who carried out the project work
under my supervision.
Mrs.S. Kavitha Karthikeyan, B.E.,
Assistant Professor
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Department of Civil Engineering
Prince Shri Venkateshwara
Padmavathy Engineering College,
Ponmar
Chennai: 600 048
Ms. Snekha.G, B.E.,
Assistant Professor
SUPERVISOR
Department of Civil Engineering
Prince Shri Venkateshwara
Padmavathy Engineering College
Ponmar
Chennai: 600 048
Submitted for ANNA UNIVERSITY project viva voce held on .
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our sincere thanks to our lovable parents for their
loving support and encouragement.
We gratefully acknowledge our sincere thanks to our honourable Chairman
Dr. K. Vasudevan M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., for giving his spontaneous and whole
hearted encouragement for completing this project.
We also thank Dr.V.Vishnu Karthik, M.D., Vice-Chairman for his enormous
support and suggestion throughout the period of project.
We are greatly thankful to our honourable principal Dr.T. Sounderrajan
M.Tech., Ph.D., for rendering the technical staffs for successful completion of the
project.
We express our sincere thanks with the sense of gratitude to our respectful Head
of Department Mrs.S.Kavitha Kathikeyan, B.E., for her interest and
encouragement shown in our project.
We sincerely thank our project guide Ms.Snekha.G, B.E., for her valuable
advice, encouragement, suggestions and guidance in technical knowledge for the
successful completion of our project.
We sincerely thank our project co-ordinator Mr.Ramesh.J, B.E., for his valuable
advice, encouragement and suggestions.
We also express our deep gratitude to all other faculty members and lab assistants
in our civil engineering department and all those were directly and indirectly
helpful in the completion of our project.
Last but not least, we thank our ALMIGHTY for enlightening us.
ABSTRACT
This project focuses on designing a unique, safe, elegant and economical bridge
in India that helps to make a mark in the field of Structural Art. The type of
structure chosen for this project is a Cable Stayed Bridge. The structural cum
artistic factor of the project that qualifies it as Structural Art is that the bridge will
be designed in a way that only one supporting tower will exist to carry the entire
bridge, thus making it a Single Pylon Cable Stayed Bridge. Shahpura Pond of
Shahpura Joggers Park in Bhopal, Madhya Predesh is chosen as the site location
for this bridge. Bhopal has taken a lot of initiatives to increase the tourism, many
of which are civil related. The bridge is constructed over Shahpura pond with a
fifty metre span. It is constructed as a pedestrian bridge for the joggers and is
elliptical in shape to be supported by a single pylon. The improvement in the
conceptual design is the provision of extended sections of the elliptical deck to
counter balance the weight of the standard deck for maintaining the principle of
Cable Stay. For the structural design, the Guyon Massonet method was adopted
as it satisfies the differential distribution of loads on a curved bridge deck and
also accounts for torsional moments in its design. With this design being
successful, fellow engineers throughout the country will gain awareness of this
field and India can show the world its engineering and artistic capabilities.
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PG NO
List Of Tables i
List Of Figures ii
List Of Symbols iii
List Of Charts iv
1. Introduction 1
1.1. Structural Art 1
1.2. Bridges 1
1.3. Suspension Bridge 2
1.4. Cable Stayed Bridge 5
1.5. Single Pylon Cable Stayed Bridge 7
1.6. Site Location 8
2. Literature Review 10
3. Methodology 13
4. Conceptual Design 14
4.1. Dimensions 14
4.2. Counter Weight Concept 15
ii
5 Structural Design 18
5.1. Guyon Massonet Method 18
5.2. Loading 18
5.2.1. Dead Load 18
5.2.2. Live Load 19
5.2.3. Wind Load 19
5.2.4. Earthquake Load 19
5.3. Currents 20
5.4. Effective Length 20
5.5. Design Of Bridge Deck 21
5.5.1. Data 21
5.5.2. Permissible Stresses 22
5.5.3. Cross Section Of Deck 22
5.5.4. Moment Of Inertia And
Sectional Moduli 23
5.5.4.1. Main Girder 23
iii
5.5.4.2. Cross Girder 26
5.5.5. Torsional Inertia 27
5.5.5.1. Main Girder 27
5.5.5.2. Cross Girder 28
5.5.6. Longitudinal Moment 29
5.5.6.1. Torsional Parameter 29
5.5.6.2. Weighing Factor 31
5.5.6.3. Dead Load 32
5.5.6.4. Live Load 34
5.5.7. Transverse Moment 35
5.5.7.1. Flexural Parameter 35
5.6. Reinforcement 39
5.6.1. Slab 39
5.6.2. Main Girder 40
5.6.3. Cross Girder 41
5.7. Design Of Extended Slabs 41
iv
5.7.1. Loads 42
5.7.2. Depth 43
5.8. Beam 43
5.9. Design Of Column 43
5.9.1. Loading Plate 43
5.9.2. Data 44
5.9.3. Main Reinforcement
5.9.4. Helical Reinforcement
5.10. Design Of Pile Foundation
5.10.1. Data
5.10.2. Dimensions
5.10.3. Longitudinal Reinforcement
5.11. Design Of Cables
6 Results And Conclusion 48
7 References 50
Appendix 51
v
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Values For Ko 30
Table 2: Values For K1 31
Table 3: Distribution Coefficients 32
Table 4: 0 Values 36
Table 5: 1 Values 36
vi
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 1 Distribution Of Load In An Arch Bridge
Fig 2 Forces Developed In A Suspension Bridge
Fig 3 Forces Developed In A Cable Stay Bridge
Fig 4 Types Of Cable Stayed Connections
Fig 5 The Langkawi Sky Bridge
Fig 6 Site Map
Fig 7 Initial Concept Design
Fig 8 Final Concept Design
Fig 9 Zones Of Earthquake
Fig 10 Arc Length Of An Ellipse
Fig 11 Cross Section Of Main Girder
Fig 12 Cross Section Of Cross Girder
Fig 13 Reference Station And Position Of Loads
Fig 14 Dead And Live Load Positions
Fig 15 Reinforcements Of Slab
Fig 16 Reinforcements Of Main Girder
Fig 17 View Of Extended Slabs
Fig 18 Reinforcements In Column
Fig 19 Reinforcements In Pile
Fig 20 Cross Section Of Cable
vii
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
SYMBOLS ABBREVIATIONS
x X Coordinate
y Y Coordinate
L Effective Length
b Effective Width
P Live Load
tw Thickness Of Wearing Coat
fck Grade Of Concrete
fy Grade Of Steel
cbc Permissible Stress In Concrete In Bending Compression
st Permissible Stress In Steel In Tension
m Modular Ratio
j Lever Arm Coefficient
CG Centre Of Gravity
I,J Moment Of Inertia
i,j Moment Of Inertia Per Unit Length
Zt,Zb Sectional Modulus
a Effective Span
Io,Jo Torsional Moment Of Inertia
io,jo Torsional Moment Of Inertia Per Unit Length
viii
R Torsional Coefficient
K Total Distribution Coefficient For Longitudinal Moment
Torsional Parameter
Flexural Parameter
Ko Distribution Coefficient For Longitudinal Moment 1
K1 Distribution Coefficient For Longitudinal Moment 2
Weighing Factor
DKw Total Distribution Coefficient For Longitudinal Moment
Mdead Moment Due To Dead Load
Mlive Moment Due To Live Load
Mmean Mean Moment Per Unit Length
0 Distribution Coefficient For Transverse Moment 1
1 Distribution Coefficient For Transverse Moment 2
Distribution Coefficient For Different Values Of
My
Transverse Bending Moment
c Length Of Application Of Live Load
w Factored Load
l Effective Span Of Slab
d Effective Depth Of Slab
Ast Area Of Steel In Tension
Astd Area Of Distribution Steel In Tension
ix
Pu Axial Factored Load On Compression Member
Asc Area Of Steel In Compression
Ac Area Of Core Of Column
sp Diameter Of Helical Reinforcement
Dc Diameter Of Core
x
LIST OF CHARTS
Chart No: 1 Influence Curves For Transverse Moment 37
Annexure B Transverse Moment Coefficients 52
1
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. STRUCTURAL ART
Civil Engineering and Architecture are one of the oldest known subjects.
From the pyramids in Egypt to Venice in Italy, these
