Department of Homeland Security - uml.edufaculty.uml.edu/bleblanc/44.115/pdf/Week 3 - DHS Presentation1.pdf · Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC) Is the primary, national-level

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Department of Homeland Security

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DHS Makeup

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Strategic Goals

The Department’s strategic goals and objectives are directly linked to accomplishing the three objectives of the National Strategy for Homeland Security:

• Prevent terrorist attacks within the United States

• Reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism

• Minimize the damage and recover from attacks that do occur.

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AwarenessStrategic Goal 1

Identify and understand threats, assess vulnerabilities, a determine potential impacts and disseminate timely information to our homeland security partners and the American public.

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PreventionStrategic Goal 2

Detect, deter and mitigate threats to our homeland.

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ProtectionStrategic Goal 3

Safeguard our people and their freedoms, critical infrastructure, property and the economy of our nation from acts of terrorism, natural disasters, or other emergencies.

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ResponseStrategic Goal 4

Lead, manage and coordinate the national response to acts of terrorism, natural disasters, or other emergencies.

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Recovery Strategic Goal 5

Lead national, state, local and private sector efforts to restore services and rebuild communities after acts of terrorism, natural disasters, or other emergencies.

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Service Strategic Goal 6

Serve the public effectively by facilitating lawful trade, travel and immigration.

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Organizational Excellence

Strategic Goal 7

Value our most important resource, our people. Create a culture that promotes a common identity, innovation, mutual respect, accountability and teamwork to achieve efficiencies, effectiveness and operational synergies.

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DHS Organizational Chart• General Counsel• Inspector General• State & Local Coordination• Private Sector Coordination• International Affairs• National Capital Region Coordination

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Border and Transportation Security

• Securing the nation’s borders and ports of entry while facilitating the safe movement of people and commerce

• Protecting the nation’s aviation, rail and mass transportation systems from terrorist interference

• Enforcing the nation’s smuggling and immigration laws through domestic investigations and international cooperation

• Training law enforcement officers focused on the homeland security mission

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Border and Transportation Security

Focus Areas

• U.S. Customs and Border Protection• U.S. Immigration and Customs

Enforcement• Transportation Security Administration• Federal Law Enforcement Training Center

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U.S. Customs and Border Protection

Prevents people and goods from unlawfully entering the United States, while protecting the free flow of commerce.

Focuses on security at America’s borders and ports of entry and, through international partnerships, extends our “zone of security” beyond our physical borders so that the agents at American borders are our last line of defense, not the first.

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U.S. Immigration andCustoms Enforcement

Deterring, interdicting, and investigating threats arising from the movement of people and goods into and out of the United States.

By policing and securing federal government facilities across the nation.

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Transportation Security Administration

Prevents, deters, and protects the nation’s transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for people and commerce.

TSA is responsible for managing the aviation screening system at the nation’s roughly 450 commercial airports.

Over 45,000 professional federal security screeners ensure that passengers and goods being processed through the aviation sector are secure.

TSA also works with its partners across the transportation sector and at the state and local level to secure the nation’s transportation systems including our ports, subways, and railroads.

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Emergency Preparedness and Emergency Response Directorate

Mission• Help ensure effective response to terrorist attacks, disasters, &

other emergencies

• Support Nuclear Incident Response Team

• Provide the Federal Government response to terrorist attacks & major disasters

• Build comprehensive national incident management system

• Develop comprehensive programs for interoperable communications technology & help ensure that emergency response providers acquire such technology

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Federal Emergency Management Agency

Reducing the loss of life and property resulting from disasters of all types—both natural and man-made—through a comprehensive emergency management program of risk reduction, preparedness, and recovery

Overseeing the federal government’s national response strategy through coordination with other federal agencies as well as local and state emergency managers and fire service personnel

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FEMAFocus Areas:

Mitigation

• Much of FEMA’s attention is focused on mitigation efforts so that loss of life and property can be reduced or even eliminated.

• Homes, for example, may be purchased and removed from flood-prone areas.

• Residents are encouraged to take small, but important steps suchas installing hurricane roof straps or building tornado safe rooms.

• FEMA also oversees the National Flood Insurance Program, which provides important flood insurance not provided by the private insurance industry.

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FEMAFocus Areas:

Preparedness

• Coordinates training, exercises, and response planning at federal, state, and local levels for both natural disasters and terrorist events.

• These activities help ensure that, when a disaster strikes, emergency managers will be prepared to react quickly and effectively.

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FEMAFocus Areas:

Response• The key to effective emergency management is a rapid,

well-planned response.

• When a disaster exceeds a state’s resources and is declared a federal disaster, FEMA moves quickly to respond.

• Equipment, supplies, and people are pre-positioned in circumstances, such as a hurricane, when it is clear that a potentially catastrophic disaster is imminent.

• When disasters occur without warning, FEMA deploys staff and supplies and determines what other federal partners are needed for the most effective response.

• Resources that respond to disasters may include Urban Search and Rescue Task Forces or the National Medical Disaster System.

• FEMA’s goal is to meet the immediate needs of an affected community and to begin recovery as quickly as possible.

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FEMAFocus Areas:

Recovery

• Provides different types of direct aid to residents and businesses affected by disasters.

• These grants and loans are designed to help those affected get back on their feet as quickly as possible.

• FEMA assists state and local governments and certain non-profit organizations to repair or rebuild public facilities damaged by disasters.

• FEMA also helps communities pay for debris removal and emergency services.

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• Receiving, analyzing and disseminating terrorism-related information to homeland security partners

• Integrating comprehensive vulnerability assessments of the nation’s critical infrastructure and assets

• Mapping threats against vulnerabilities to develop a complete picture of the risk posed by terrorism and the nation’s ability to withstand it

• Taking action to protect against identified threats, remedy vulnerabilities, and preempt and disrupt terrorist threats

• Issuing warnings and threat advisories and recommending response measures to America’s public safety agencies, first responders, industry, and the public

Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection

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Focus Areas:

Information Analysis (IA)

Analyzing real-time, all-source threat information from the complete range of intelligence-gathering organizations within the United States government, such as the CIA, DIA, and NSA, and integrated for the first time through IAIP with federal, state, and local law enforcement data and intelligence.

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Focus Areas:Infrastructure Protection (IP)Infrastructure Coordination Division

coordinates and consolidates the federal government’s communication with owners and operators of critical infrastructures, facilitating information sharing and analysis within and between each sector.

The division works with the private sector and state and local governments to create a comprehensive effort to secure the nation’s infrastructure.

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Focus Areas:Protective Security Division develops and implements

preemptive and protective actions.

The division evaluates assets, identifies vulnerabilities, implements protective measures, and coordinates readiness and training efforts to protect potential targets.

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Focus Areas:National Communications

System assists the President and the Cabinet by providing national security and emergency preparedness communications for the federal government under all circumstances, including crisis or emergency, attack, recovery, and reconstitution.

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Focus Areas:National Cyber Security Divisionserves as the national focal point for cyber

security.

Operates the United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT), a partnership with the private sector and academia that identifies, analyzes, and reduces threats and vulnerabilities; disseminates threat warning and situational awareness information; and coordinates cyber incident preparedness, response, and recovery efforts.

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Focus Areas:Homeland Security Operations Center

(HSOC)Is the primary, national-level hub for

domestic situational awareness, information sharing, communications, and coordination for preventing terrorist attacks and managing potential incidents.

The HSOC is an interagency organization that facilitates homeland security information sharing and coordination with other federal, state, local, and nongovernmental emergency operation centers 24/7.

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Science and Technology• Establishing priorities for directing, funding,

and conducting research; developing, testing and evaluating new technologies; and procuring technologies and systems to prevent the importation of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons and materials

• Assisting in the assessment and testing of homeland security vulnerabilities and possible threats

• Developing and promulgating standards for homeland security equipment for use by local, state and federal officials

• Transferring scientific and technological resources to federal, state, and local governments, as well as private sector entities to assist in their efforts to protect the homeland

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Science and TechnologyFocus Ares:

One priority is to quickly move technologies from the development and prototype phase into testing and deployment.

• Institutional Activities• Industrial Activities• Educational Activities

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U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

• Welcoming immigrants into the country by administering immigration and citizenship services

• Establishing immigration and citizenship policies and priorities, while enhancing our national security

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U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Focus Areas:

• Family-based and Employment-based Petitions

• Asylum, Refugee, and International Adoption Processing

• Requests for Citizenship

• Special Status Programs

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U.S. Coast Guard

• Minimizing terrorist risks in United States ports and waterwaysthrough increased readiness and awareness

• Maintaining maritime border security against illegal drugs, illegal aliens, firearms, and weapons of mass destruction

• Protecting against illegal fishing and indiscriminate destruction of living maritime resources, and preventing and responding to accidental and intentional oil and hazardous material spills

• Coordinating efforts and intelligence occurring in the maritime domain with federal, state, and local agencies

• Maintaining a close working relationship and operating jointly with other armed services

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U.S. Coast GuardFocus Areas:

Maritime Homeland SecurityConducts and enforces security measures for all commercial, tanker, passenger, and merchant vessels entering or exiting United States waters.

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Maritime SafetyEnsures our maritime transportation system and its waterways are safe by striving to eliminate deaths, injuries, and property damage associated with maritime transportation, fishing, and recreational boating.

Moreover, the Coast Guard responds to a wide variety of maritime disasters including plane crashes, groundings, bridge and waterway accidents, and other maritime calamities.

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National DefenseEnhances regional stability in support of the National Strategy for Homeland Security by operating in a joint arena when needed, functioning as a specialized service under the Navy in time of war or when directed by the President.

It also has command responsibilities for the U.S. Maritime Defense Zone and can counter potential threats to American’s coasts, ports, and inland waterways through numerous port-security, harbor-defense, and coastal-warfare operations and exercises.

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Maritime SecurityOnly federal law enforcement agency with jurisdiction in both U.S. waters and on the high seas, Coast Guard vessels and aircraft patrol both our offshore and coastal regions, “pushing our borders out,” and extending our vigilance and awareness of potential approaching threats.

Furthermore, the Coast Guard protects America’s maritime borders from all intrusions by halting the flow of illegal drugs, aliens, and contraband into the United States through maritime routes; preventing illegal fishing; and suppressing violations of federal law in the maritime arena.

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Maritime MobilityFacilitates maritime commerce and eliminates interruptions and impediments to the efficient and economical movement of goods and people while maximizing recreational access to and enjoyment of the water.

It also plays a crucial role in the domestic shipping industry by inspecting and licensing commercial vessels, guiding vessel traffic, and ensuring port safety.

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Protection of Natural ResourcesProtects our natural resources by enforcing environmental pollution standards associated with maritime transportation, fishing, and recreational boating.

The Coast Guard can also rapidly respond to oil spills and other pollution incidents, thereby preventing or minimizing environmental damage where possible.

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U.S. Secret Service

• Creating a secure physical environment for permanent protectees, and visiting foreign heads of state

• Designing, planning, and implementing security at National Special Security Events

• Investigating and suppressing the counterfeiting of obligations and securities of the United States and other financial crimes

• Securing the critical infrastructure that supports our financial payment systems and other essential networks

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U.S. Secret ServiceFocus Areas:

Protection of the President and Heads of StateThe Secret Service provides protection for the President and Vice President, their immediate families, major candidates for President and Vice President, visiting heads of state, and other designated individuals as authorized by law.

The Secret Service also conducts investigations into threats made against the people, places and events they protect.

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United States Secret Service Uniformed Division

• Responsible for security at the White House complex, the Vice President’s residence, and foreign missions located throughout the Washington, D.C. area.

• Specialized units within the division include canine units, magnetometer support, counter-snipers, motorcade support, and a crime search unit.

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National Special Security EventsLead agency for developing, coordinating, and implementing a seamless operational security plan with the purpose of creating a safe environment for the general public, event participants, the protectees, and other dignitaries.

In conjunction with Homeland Security headquarters, Secret Service representatives coordinate all facets of the security plan with their counterparts from other federal, state and local government agencies.

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National Threat Assessment Center• The Secret Service National Threat Assessment

Center (NTAC) was created to provide leadership and guidance in the emerging field of threat assessment.

• Specifically, NTAC offers timely, realistic, useful, and effective advice to law enforcement and other professional organizations that investigate or prevent targeted violence.

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Criminal InvestigationsExclusive jurisdiction over investigations involving the counterfeiting of U.S. obligations and securities.

Includes bank fraud, access device (credit and debit card) fraud, telecommunications and computer crimes, fraudulent identification, fraudulent government and commercial securities, and electronic funds transfer fraud.

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Electronic Crimes Task ForcesManages a nationwide network of Electronic Crimes Task Forces (ECTFs), which include federal, state and local law enforcement agencies, prosecutors and experts from the private sector and academic community.

Within each task force, specialists from these organizations find solutions to the complex and ever-changing challenges inherent in preventing, investigating and prosecuting electronic crimes.

The network of task forces also provides training to enhance theoverall capability of local law enforcement agencies and the private sector to shield information technology and communications networks from cyber criminals and terrorists.

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Financial and Telecommunications Infrastructure ProtectionThe integrity and reliability of America’s financial and telecommunications infrastructure insures its prosperity.

As a result, the importance of these sectors marks them as potential targets of directed attacks or exploitation.

The efforts of the Secret Service against financial crime and cyber crime are an integral part of the security of our homeland.

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Office of the Secretary

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Office of State and Local Coordination

• Developing a coordinated approach for implementing a homeland security communication system that includes federal, state, local, territorial, and tribal government

• Reaching out into the community to understand concerns and requirements

• Becoming a conduit for information in normal and emergency conditions

• Goal is to facilitate “one-stop-shopping” for state, local, territorial, and tribal agencies

• State Homeland Security Advisors are primary points of contact

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Issues to be Addressed by OSL

• Grants and funding – Secretary Ridge has committed to develop a

streamlined grants process

• Treatment of sensitive information– Recognized need for process to identify and share

information

• Communication methods

• Coordination of performance measurement standards for planning, exercises, training, equipment, interoperability, mutual aid, and other issues

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Standards in Homeland Security• Development of standards will reduce the risk of a WMD

terrorist attack to the US, save lives, reduce damage to critical systems in the event of a terrorist attack, and enhance resiliency with respect to post attack recovery.

• Success of the national strategy depends on effectiveness of an integrated, multi-layer, all-hazard defensive system– Intelligence– Law enforcement - federal, state, territorial, tribal, local– Emergency responders and consequence managers

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General Homeland Security Standards Needs

National Standards Do Not Exist for Homeland Security Applications

– Nuclear countermeasures relies on a patchwork of systems, originally designed for military, commercial nuclear power or DOE nuclear weapons facility operations and security.

– Bio-agent detection and decontamination are essentially new and rapidly-evolving capabilities.

– Tools for use in the event of chemical attacks are available, but have not been rigorously proven against chemical warfare agents in non-military applications

– All homeland security providers (federal, state and local) do not have the basic ability to communicate in crisis situations.

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General Homeland Security Standards Needs (cont’d)

• Application of overly conservative and technically unsubstantiated standards for decontamination of large urban areas would lead tocatastrophically large economic and psychological burdens

• Development of defensible forensic information may provide a critical deterrence component if we can demonstrate a robust ability to identify and bring to justice the perpetrators of an attack.

• Synthesis of all of these tools into a single cohesive and comprehensive system will clearly require a standard approach and performance metrics to gauge the effectiveness of the countermeasures.

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Steps in Meeting Emergency Responder Technology Needs

Develop and Prioritize List of System Needs/Requirements• Address infrastructure and backbone needs • Also address surge capabilities for emergency/counter-terrorism

applicationsDetermine method of addressing effectiveness, adequacy, appropriateness

(standards)• Current standards adequate?• Additional standards needed?

Develop list of available technologies/toolsAssess technologies against standards

• Uniform test protocols - lab and FIELD• Certify technologies/tools• Reassess technologies/tools

Communicate assessments with respondersDevelop strategy for addressing unmet needs

• Rapid prototyping/development• Longer term research

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DHSAccomplishments

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Progress on Ensuring Effectiveness of Radiation Detection Devices

– Standards cover four classes of equipment - pagers, alarming hand-held, identifying hand-held, and portal monitors

– Input from users provided constraints on many aspects of the devices

– Formal test protocols are being finalized

– Initial test results show significant shortcomings in current equipment• Some issues can be addressed by SOPs and training• Other issues can only be corrected by the manufacturers • Additional and more rigorous testing will be performed to

verify initial findings

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Progress on Ensuring Effectiveness of Bio-agent

Detection Devices

• DHS and DOD have begun cooperative work on developing a formal test method and hand-held immunoassay kits - for detection of bulk anthrax

• Testing of the kits will proceed immediately after the test method is approved

• Next steps will be to:– Generalize the test method for use in a broader range of bio-

agents and specific techniques– Initiate work on test methods for environmental sampling

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Progress in Ensuring Effectiveness for Communication Interoperability

• Project “SAFECOM”, transferred to S&T, is focused on addressing state and local public safety communication needs and will be the umbrella for integrating all related efforts.

• Requirements from the emergency responder community are being factored in to grant guidance.

• “Summit” on Interoperability is being held in late June to facilitate identifying additional needs related to communication interoperability.

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Progress on Ensuring Effectiveness of Operators

• Development of emergency responder personnel certification and training standards are a critical element in ensuring system effectiveness.

• Initial meetings have been held to address needs for consistent training approaches - across federal, state, and local levels.

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Other Major Standards Initiatives

• Development of a network of certification labs

• Participation in decontamination standards development with EPA and others

• Expansion of capabilities for detection of a broader suite of chemical agents

• Initiation of standards development for physical security components

• Addressing the need for standards for models, analyses, and information

• Initiation of work into standards for conventional missions

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• STOP

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Department of Homeland Security Mission

• Prevent terrorist attacks within the US

• Reduce vulnerability

• Minimize damage, assist in recovery

• Enhance “normal” functions

• Ensure economic security is not diminished

• Monitor connections with illegal drug traffic

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General DHS Organization Structure

Secretary (Ridge)&

Deputy Secretary (England)

Information Analysis &

Infrastructure Protection

Border &Transportation

Security

EmergencyPreparedness & Emergency

Response

Management

• Citizenship & Immigration• General Counsel• Inspector General• Coast Guard• Secret Service• State & Local Coordination• Private Sector Coordination• International Affairs• National Capital Region Coordination

• Information Officer• Human Capital Officer• Financial Officer• Civil Rights & Liberties

Science &Technology

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Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate

Mission• Access, receive, analyze information - law

enforcement, intelligence, and other • Carry out comprehensive assessments of

vulnerabilities• Integrate information, analyses,

assessments• Develop comprehensive national plan for

securing key resources and Critical Infrastructure

• Administer Homeland Security Advisory System

• Establish (with CIO) secure communications and information systems

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Borders and Transportation Security Directorate Mission

• Prevent entry of terrorists and instruments of terrorism into the US

• Secure borders, territorial waters, ports, terminals, waterways, and air, land, sea transportation systems

• Carry out immigration enforcement

• Administer customs laws

• Conduct agricultural product inspections

• Ensure speedy, orderly, and efficient flow of lawful traffic and commerce

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Emergency Preparedness and Emergency Response Directorate

Mission• Help ensure effective response to terrorist

attacks, disasters, & other emergencies• Support Nuclear Incident Response

Team• Provide the Federal Government

response to terrorist attacks & major disasters

• Build comprehensive national incident management system

• Develop comprehensive programs for interoperable communications technology & help ensure that emergency response

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Science and Technology Directorate Mission

• Advocate and lead developing and deploying countermeasures for the nuclear, biological, chemical, and radiological threats and support conventional mission needs

• Conduct research, development, test, evaluation, and timely transition into the field of new operational capabilities**

**Standards are an integral part of S&T’s cradle-to-grave research, development, test, evaluation and transition to service product cycle to assess the effectiveness of defensive system components and of the composite system

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DHS Science and Engineering Support for DHS Mission Needs• Technologies and systems will be developed and

fielded to address each of the following means and targets of attack:– Radiation/Nuclear - Chemical/Explosive

– Biological - Cyber/IT

– Critical Infrastructure

• Countermeasures will be developed in categories of:– Detect/Prevent

– Respond/Recover

– Crisis Management/ Consequence Mitigation

– Attribution/Forensics

• Conventional mission needs will also be

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Legal Requirements for DHS Standards

• Need for standards explicit in language of President’s 2002 Homeland Security Strategy and in National Academy of Science report

• “Safety Act” in the enabling legislation (HR5005, Subtitle G) requires that the Secretary identify, evaluate, and certify specific homeland security equipment technologies, and services.

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Homeland Security will depend, in part, on effectiveness of these

technologies How do I use this?

Does this work?

How do I test this?

Doesthis solvethe right problem?

Should I buy this?

How do Icomparison

shop?

Will this work with my other devices?

NOW AVAILABLE!NOW AVAILABLE!Radiation/Multi-Toxin

Detection Meter

$299.99*

Advanced Radiation and Bio-Chemical Agent Protection!

Industry Leading Working Duration

Completely Sel f-Contained

Compact and Innovative Design

* Special GSA rates on request

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Process for Managing DHS Standards for All Elements of the

Mission

Gui

delin

es

Equipment

Model/Analysis

Users

Developers

Threat /VAAnalysts

Standards Experts

Performance

Standards

Reassessment

Test

ing

Pro

toco

lsCertification

Information

Training

System

Mission Elements

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Process to Develop User Guidance on Existing Technologies

Guidelines

Performance Specifications

Test Protocols

Product

Assessment of Existing Radiation Pagers

Comparison

Product A

Product B

Product C

Criterion 1

Criterion 2

Criterion 3

Criterion 4

Criterion 5

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Documents

Department of Homeland Security - uml.edufaculty.uml.edu/bleblanc/44.115/pdf/Week 3 - DHS Presentation1.pdf · Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC) Is the primary, national-level