CURS3 - Formatarea Foii de Calcul Si Formate Personalizate

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    Worksheet Formatting TechniquesFormatting Numbers

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    Worksheet Formatting TechniquesFormatting Numbers

    Category

    formatslist

    Negativenumber formats

    Previewingnumber format

    Number of decimal places

    (0-30)

    Add or remove

    the thousandsseparator in anumber

    (greater than 999)

    Description

    of selectedformat

    (Ctrl + 1)

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    Worksheet Formatting Techniques.Format categories

    The General Format is the default format for all cells. For the mostpart, numbers formatted with the General format are displayed justthe way we entered them. However, if the cell is not wide enough toshow the entire number, the General format rounds numbers withdecimals or uses scientific notation for large numbers.

    The Number Format category contains options for:

    displaying numbers in integer ; displaying decimal numbers (select between 1 and 30 decimals by

    typing or scrolling to the value in the Decimal Places box); displaying negative numbers (select an option from the NegativeNumbers list to display negative numbers preceded by a minus sign,numbers in red, or both in red and with a minus sign; selecting thousand separators option to add points betweenhundreds and thousands, between thousands and millions and so on.

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    Format categories. Currency Format

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    Format categories. Accounting Format

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    The Scientific Format is usually used to display the numbersin exponential notation, actually, to display either the very largenumbers, or, on the contrary, the very small ones.We can also use the Scientific format to display the very smallnumbers, in this case, using a minus sign after the symbol E.

    Format categories. Scientific Format

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    Applying the Text Format to a cell indicates that the entry into thecell will be treated as usual text, even if it is a number. For allpractical purposes, a numeric constant formatted as text is stillconsidered a number, because Excel is capable of recognizing itsnumeric value. However, if we apply the Text format to a cell thatcontains a formula, that formula will be considered a text and willbe displayed as such in the current cell.

    Worksheet Formatting Techniques.Format categories

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    Creating Custom FormatsTo create a custom number format using the special formattingcodes, we must choose the Custom category from theFormat Cells dialog box (Number tab). From the Type list weselect the built-in format that most closely resembles thecustom format we want to create.

    Customformatstyles

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    Custom Format CodesSymbol Meaning

    0 Digit placeholder - this symbol allows to display the leading zeros (extra

    zeros) on each side of the decimal point. # Digit placeholder - this symbol works like 0, except that leading zeros do not

    appear if the number has fewer digits on either side of the decimal point thannumber of symbols specified in the format.

    () $ - + /space

    Standard formatting characters - these symbols allows to type these charactersdirectly into the custom format.

    . Thousands separator - this symbol is used like digit grouping symbol. If theformat contains a number greater than 999, Excel uses points to separatehundreds from thousands, thousands from millions, and so on.

    text Literal character string - in any custom format, a text will be always specified between two quotation-marks .

    * Repetition initiator - repeats the next character in the format enough times tofill the column width.

    @ Text placeholder - if the cell contains text, this symbol inserts that text in theformat where the symbol appears.

    [color] Setting color - this format code allows to change the color of an entry, bytyping the name of the name color in the brackets.

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    Custom formatted number

    Unformatted

    number

    Formatted

    number

    Custom Format Codes. Examples

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    After the Excel user type a date in a cell,he can use the Number Format drop-down list on the Ribbon to change itsdefault format using the most popular date formats ( Short Date or Long Dateoptions), or he can click More Number Formats option at the bottom of the list to

    select any of the built-in date formats.

    Format categories. Date Format

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    Format categories. Date Format

    In the Format Cells dialog box, the user can select the Date

    category to display a list of available formats in the Type boxfrom the ri ht side.

    FormattingDates

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    Note : In European format (the default format in this instance),entering a date using an American format, will certainlygenerate a text data (a non -numeric information), that will beautomatically aligned at left within current cell .

    Format categories. Date Format

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    Codes for creating the Custom DateTo supplement the standard Date formats we can create adiversity of the custom date formats by simply using the letter -codes : d (for day), m (for month) and y (for year). The table belowshows up the formatting codes and the codes combination whichwe can use to create a custom date format in Excel sheets.

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    We create a custom date format by typing the

    appropriate codes in the Type box

    Date CustomFormat

    Unformatteddate

    Formatteddate

    Regarding the last two-digit of year number from the date format,there is an agreement : if the last two-digit of year number arecomprised between 0 and 29 (including 29), then the year belongthe 21 th century, otherwise, if that two number are greater or equalthan 30, in this case, the year will belong the 20 th century (for

    example, the abbreviation 27 means 2027 , while 45 means 1945 ).

    For instance, we can display only a portion of the date informationavailable, such as: only the month portion by using four times theletter m, the abbreviated format for the date codes and the like.

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    Aligning Data in Worksheet CellsThe contents of a cell can be aligned horizontally and vertically.By default, Excel aligns numbers to the right and text to the left side, but

    vertically, all cells use the bottom alignment. The Alignment group on theHome tab on the Ribbon contains the most useful tools for aligning datawithin worksheet cells. For more alignment capabilities, click the dialogbox arrow adjacent to the title of the Alignment group to display theFormat Cells dialog box (Alignment tab).

    Vertical alignment buttons

    Horizontal alignment buttons

    Indent buttons

    Merge and center button and menu

    Orientation button and menu

    Wrap Text

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    Alignment features in Format Cells dialog box

    Aligning Text Horizontally

    and Vertically

    Indenting Cell Contents

    Controlling TextOrientation

    Rotating Text using theDegrees spinner

    Merging Cells into one

    Wrapping Textusing theMultiline Feature

    Shrinking Text to Fit

    in Cell

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    The term font refers to a typeface (type of the character), along withits attributes, such as point size and text color. The Font group on the

    Home tab is, actually, the easiest way to apply general font formatting tothe selected cell or range of cells. For more extensive control over fonts,we must use the Font tab of the Format cells dialog box ( CTRL + 1 ).

    Formatting Fonts in Worksheet Cells

    Font stylebuttons

    Increase/Decrease Font Size button

    Underline button and palette

    Border button and palette

    Fill Color button and palette

    Font Color button and palette

    Font typeFont size

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    Applying borders, colors and shadingBorders and shading can be effective devices for defining certain areasin the current worksheet or for drawing a special attention toimportant cells of its tables. In other words, borders (and lines withinthe borders) are another visual enhancement that we can add aroundthe groups of cells. From this point of view , Excel offers 13 presetstyles of borders, presented in Border drop-down list on the Ribbon.

    Another way to apply borders is to use the Border tab of the FormatCells dialog box. A handy way to display this dialog box is to selectMore Borders option from the Border drop-down list.

    The Fill Color button in the Font group offers multiple colors we canapply to the selected range. Click the buttons arrow to display thepalette that contains a great variety of colors.

    If we want to do more than just fill cells with color, the Fill tab in the

    Format Cells dialog box provides an additional control.

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    -Ribbon

    f f

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    Applying borders feature from theFormat Cells dialog box Border tab

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    Using the Fill Color palette on the Ribbon

    l b k d l d

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    Applying background color andpatterns from the Format Cells dialog