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7/30/2019 Cumalkzk Rehber
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T.C.
BURSA VALL
CUMALIKIZIK
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Osmanl krsal mimarisinin en grkemli ky yerleimlerindenbiri olarak gnmze kadar gelmeyi baaran Cumalkzk,Uludan gney eteklerinde kurulan 700 yllk bir vakfkydr. 1339 tarihli Orhan Vakfiyesine gre Kzk kyleri
imaret iin vakfedilmiti. Kzk 24 Ouz boyundan biridir.1303 ylnda Bursa yresi tekfurlarn yenen Orhan Gazi,Kesteli fethedince yre Trkmenlere almtr. Cumalkzkgeleneksel Osmanl mimarisine gre ekillenmi, zgn
sivil mimarlk rnekleri olan evlerin organik sokak dokusu
ve antsal yaplarla btnletii nemli bir kltr mirasdr.
lerinde yaamlarn srd evleriyle adeta bir ak hava
mzesi olan Cumalkzk; tarihi, doal ve kltrel deerleriyleUNESCO dnya tarihi miras listesine de adaydr.
Osmanl dneminde Uludan etekleri ile vadiler arasnda
skp kalan kylere kzk ad verilmitir. Dier kzk kylerinde
Cumalkzk, which has come to the present as one of
the magnificent village locations of Ottomans rural
architecture, is a 700-year old foundation village and
was established at the southern booms of Uluda.
Cumalkzk is an important cultural heritage; the houses,
which are the samples of authentic civil architecture
style, have become integrated with the natural street
configuration and monumental structures. Cumalkzk
and its houses that people can still live inside, are in
UNESCOs World History Heritage Candidate List with
their natural and cultural values as an open air museum.
The villages, which were at the booms of Uluda and
got stuck in canyons, were called as Kzk at Ot toman
time. It is said that, people, who were from the other
Kzk villages, used to come together in t his village
after Friday Prayers, for this reason, the village took
name of Cumalkzk (Friday Kzk). From Kzk villages
only Cumalkzk, Hamamlkzk, Derekzk, Deirmenlikzk
Cumalkzk
Cumalkzk
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and Fidyekzk Villages could come until today. However
the other villages could not protect their authentic
configuration apart from Cumalkzk. Cumalkzk was
established on the area of ten hectares, approximately;
there are 270 houses in the village and 60 of t hem are
still livable. Quantity of officially registered structuresis 133; two of them are memorial structures (mosque
and bath), and 128 of them are the samples of civil
architectures. Besides, there are two memorial planes,
located at the village arena, and a fountain, located in
the east of the mosque, in the v illage. Mosque, village,
coffeehouse and big plane triplet, which are seen
in Ottoman locations, are also seen in the centre of
Cumalkzk Village. The structures, which are comprised
natural street configuration by topographer, weredesigned according to characteristic specialities of
the region. Therefore, all civil architecture samples are
different from each other. This difference enriches the
village configuration. There is a small burrow channel
yaayanlarn Cuma namaz iin topland yer olduundanbu kyn Cumalkzk adyla anld sylenir.
Kzk kylerinden yalnzca Cumalkzk, Hamamlkzk,Derekzk, Deirmenlikzk ve Fidyekzk bugne kadargelebilmitir. Ancak Cumalkzk dndakiler zgn dokularnkoruyamamlardr.
Yaklak 10 hektarlk bir alanda kurulmu olan CumalkzkKynde bulunan 270 dolayndaki evin yzde 60ndahalen oturulmaktadr. Tescilli yap says 133dr. Bunlardanikisi antsal yap (cami ve hamam), 128 i de sivil mimarlkrnei yapdr. Ayrca ky meydannda tescili yaplm ikiantsal nar ve caminin dousunda eme vardr.
Geleneksel Osmanl yerlemelerinde gzlemlenen cami,ky kahvesi ve ulu nar lemesinin oluturduu merkezCumalkzkta da grlmektedir. Topografyaya gre
ekillenmi organik sokak dokusunu oluturan yaplarblgenin karakteristik zelliklerine gre tasarlanmtr. Bunedenle her sivil mimari yap rnei dierinden farkldr. Bufarkllk da ky dokusunu zenginletirmitir.
Yass ta demeli dar sokaklarn orta ksmlar, yalgnlerde suyun akp gitmesi iin sokak hafif ukur bir kanalhaline sokulmutur. Bu zellik kyn zgn yapsnn birparasdr. Zemini ta deli sokan, ortasnda yer alan
eimli yzey, saaklardan gelen yamur suyunu evlerincephesinden uzaklatrmann yan sra, kyn en stnoktasnda yer alan kaynaktan, suyun bilinli bir ekildedatmnda da kullanlmaktadr. Bahe sulamada kullanlanbu su dzenei, kyn yaz aylarnda serinlemesine deyardmc olmaktadr. nsan psikolojisi zerinde rahatlamayaratan su kullanm, doal ekolojik dengenin bir yaamdngs olarak kazanmnda nemli rol oynar. Kyde iki
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in the middle part of the f lat-stoned narrow streets.
The water flows from these channels on rainy days. This
is the part of the authentic structures of the village.
Acclivitous surface, which is in the middle of the stoned-
ground street, provides to protect the houses from rain
water and it is used for canalizing the water from thetop, functionally. This water mechanism, which is used for
garden watering, enables to keep the village cool in
the summers. This water usage gives relief to the human
psychology and ecological balance is ensured in
lifecycle as a gain. There are very narrow streets in t he
village such that two people cannot be walked side to
side. The streets have not any specified plan. Those are
suitable for villages acclivitous land so, some of the
streets are some kind of blind streets.
Famous Cumalkzk Houses are made from rubble stone,
wooden and adobe. The houses, which has alcoves
and cage at the top floors, were built in such a way
that inside cannot be seen from outside. Hammered iron
handles and knockers, which open to cool stoned atriums
and have two -winged walnut doors, are interesting.
The entrance of the houses is at the part, which called
life, and this area is used mostly. Agricultural productsare stocked up and garnered, firing stuff is kept and the
weddings are held in this place. There are ovens, which
are at the inner court beyond the life part; brad, cake
and pastries are cooked in these ovens. Grapes are
squeezed in the wooden basins called araphane (wine
house) and grape molasses are made in the boilers. The
clothes are washed and dried here. Cumalkzk houses
kiinin yan yana yrmesinin mmkn olamayaca darlktasokaklara da rastlanr. Sokaklar belli bir plan gstermez.Yapllar, eimli ky arazisine uygun olup, baz sokaklar bunedenle kmaz niteliktedir.
nl Cumalkzk evleri moloz ta, ahap ve kerpiten
yaplr, genelde katldr. st katlardaki pencereleri kafeslive cumbal olan evler, dardan ierisi grlmeyecekekilde ina edilmitir. Serin ta avlulara alan, iki kanatlceviz kaplarn stndeki dvme demirden yaplan kulpve tokmaklar dikkat ekicidir. Evlere giri genellikle hayatdenilen blmden olup buras en ok kullanlan mekandr.Bu mekanda, tarmsal rnlerin depolanmasndan ayrlmasve bakmna, yakacak malzemenin istiflenmesinden,dn yaplmasna kadar pek ok ite yararlanlr. Hayat
blmnden geilen i avludaki frnda ekmek ve brek-rek piirilir. araphane denilen ahap teknelerde zmlersklr, kazanlarda pekmezler kaynatlr. amarlar buradaykanr ve kurutulur. Zemin ksmnda mutfak, tuvalet, ahr,kmes, ocak ve frnlarn yer ald Cumalkzk evlerindeykseklii az olan bir kat, klk olarak ayrlmtr. Buradayatak odalar, oturma odalar, banyo ve ocaklar yer alr. katl olan Cumalkzk evlerinde ikinci kat yazlk olarakayrlmtr. Bu katta odalar, eyvan, seki ve sedirler deiik
tipteki sofalarda sralanmlardr. st katta ise ba odadenilen minderli yastkl seki ve sedirlerin bulunduu rahatoturmaya elverili odalar yer almaktadr.
Evlerin snmas ocaklarla salanmtr. Bu ocaklarn sonderece gzel ilenmi olanlar vardr. atnn zeri alaturkakiremitlerle kapldr. atlar genellikle drt meyilli, bazen ikimeyillidir. Saaklar olduka da kktr. Cumalkzk evlerindekullanlan yap malzemesi bata moloz ta olmak zere,
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aa ve kerpitir. Duvarlarda badadi arasnda kerpi veamur sva grlr. Evler sar, beyaz, mor ve mavi renklerde
boyanmtr.
Cumalkzkn gneydousunda Uluda eteklerindeki
Ihlamurcu mevkiinde 1969 ylnda tespit edilen B izans
devrine ait kilise kalnts kyn tarihinin daha da eskiolduuna iarettir. Bulunan kilise kalntlar Bursa Arkeoloji
Mzesine nakledilmitir. Ahap ileri ile bezeli kyncamisi, caminin yanndaki Zekiye Hatun emesi ve tekkubbeli hamam, Osmanl devrinden kalmadr. 1992 ylnda
alan Cumalkzk Etnografya Mzesi ve Sanat Evi kymeydanndadr. Cumalkzkta kyn gemiine k tutan,
kyde yaayan halk tarafndan balanan 18,19 ve 20.
yzyllara ait eitli eyalarn sergilendii Etnografya Mzesibulunmaktadr. Mzede, Orhan Beyin kye verdii bir berat
bulunmaktadr. Bahesinde at arabalar, dibek ta, yalak,zm ineme teknesi gibi nesneler, mzenin iinde eveyalar, mutfak eyalar, aydnlatma ve snma aralar, av
malzemeleri, Uludada bir zamanlar srler halinde yaayangeyiklerden kalma dev geyik boynuzu, semerler sergilenir.
Son yllarda tarihi dokusu nedeniyle sk sk dizi ve film
ekimlerine de sahne olan ky, ilgi eken ve ziyaret edilenbir turizm merkezi haline gelmitir. Restore edilen birok ev;
lokanta, ay bahesi ve butik otele dntrlrken, kyngeleneksel rnleri meydana kurulan tezgahlarda sosyo-ekonomik yaam iinde nemli bir yere sahip olan kadnlar
tarafndan ziyaretilere sunulmaktadr.
Tamamen doal rnlerden oluan Cumalkzk ky kahvalts,
gzleme, ahududu, brtlen ve bunlardan yaplanreellerle, tarhana ve ky eritesi mehurdur. Her yl Haziranaynda yaplan Ahududu enlii de byk ilgi grmektedir.
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have kitchens, toilets, barns, coops,
cookers and ovens at their ground floors;
one floor is separated for the winters.There are bed rooms, living rooms, bathes
and cookers in this part. Cumalkzk
houses have three floors and the second
floor is separated for the summers. The
rooms and terraces are arranged in the
different type coaches. There is a room
at the top floor, it is called main room
those rooms have terraces and parts with
pillows for comfortable sitting.
The houses are heated with the fire
places. Some of those fire places have
nice designs. The roofs are covered with
old-fashioned roof tiles. The roofs are
generally with four slopes or doubled
slopes. The eaves are quite out warded.
Rubble stones, wood and adobe are
used for the construction of Cumalkzk
houses. Adobe and mud plastering can
be seen on the walls. The houses are
usually yellow, purple and blue coloured.
A church remnant was found in Ihlamurcu
area, which is located in the south-east of
Cumalkzk. This church is from Byzantine
Time and shows that the village history
goes to older time. Those remnants were
sent to Bursa Archaeological Museum.
The wooden motif village mosque,
Zekiye Hatun (Lady Zekiye) fountain,
which is next to the mosque, and single
domed bath are dating from Ottoman
Time. Cumalkzk Ethnography Museum
and Art House, which were opened in
1992, are in the village arena. There are
different kinds of stuff, which are dating
from 18th, 19th and 20th Centuries and
were handed out by the villagers, in
Ethnography Museum. There is a charter
that Orhangazi gave to the village, in the
museum. The horse drawn carriages, mortar
tone, drinking basins, grape basins are
displayed in the garden of the museum.
Households stuff, kitchen equipments,
lighting and heating equipments and
saddles and big buckhorn (Dating from
the deer flocks lived around Uluda) are
displayed inside of the museum.
Many restored houses were turned in to
restaurants, tea gardens and boutique
hotels. The women, who are in a very
important place for villages economic
and social life, sell the home-made
products in the streets. Cumalkzk village
breakfast, which consists of totally natural
foods, battercake, raspberry, blackberry,
tomato and pimento and home madefettuccini are very famous in the village.
Raspberry Festival is set up in June every
year and visited by many visitors.
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www.bursa .gov . t r
www.
kiraziletisim.com