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    T.C.

    BURSA VALL

    CUMALIKIZIK

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    Osmanl krsal mimarisinin en grkemli ky yerleimlerindenbiri olarak gnmze kadar gelmeyi baaran Cumalkzk,Uludan gney eteklerinde kurulan 700 yllk bir vakfkydr. 1339 tarihli Orhan Vakfiyesine gre Kzk kyleri

    imaret iin vakfedilmiti. Kzk 24 Ouz boyundan biridir.1303 ylnda Bursa yresi tekfurlarn yenen Orhan Gazi,Kesteli fethedince yre Trkmenlere almtr. Cumalkzkgeleneksel Osmanl mimarisine gre ekillenmi, zgn

    sivil mimarlk rnekleri olan evlerin organik sokak dokusu

    ve antsal yaplarla btnletii nemli bir kltr mirasdr.

    lerinde yaamlarn srd evleriyle adeta bir ak hava

    mzesi olan Cumalkzk; tarihi, doal ve kltrel deerleriyleUNESCO dnya tarihi miras listesine de adaydr.

    Osmanl dneminde Uludan etekleri ile vadiler arasnda

    skp kalan kylere kzk ad verilmitir. Dier kzk kylerinde

    Cumalkzk, which has come to the present as one of

    the magnificent village locations of Ottomans rural

    architecture, is a 700-year old foundation village and

    was established at the southern booms of Uluda.

    Cumalkzk is an important cultural heritage; the houses,

    which are the samples of authentic civil architecture

    style, have become integrated with the natural street

    configuration and monumental structures. Cumalkzk

    and its houses that people can still live inside, are in

    UNESCOs World History Heritage Candidate List with

    their natural and cultural values as an open air museum.

    The villages, which were at the booms of Uluda and

    got stuck in canyons, were called as Kzk at Ot toman

    time. It is said that, people, who were from the other

    Kzk villages, used to come together in t his village

    after Friday Prayers, for this reason, the village took

    name of Cumalkzk (Friday Kzk). From Kzk villages

    only Cumalkzk, Hamamlkzk, Derekzk, Deirmenlikzk

    Cumalkzk

    Cumalkzk

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    and Fidyekzk Villages could come until today. However

    the other villages could not protect their authentic

    configuration apart from Cumalkzk. Cumalkzk was

    established on the area of ten hectares, approximately;

    there are 270 houses in the village and 60 of t hem are

    still livable. Quantity of officially registered structuresis 133; two of them are memorial structures (mosque

    and bath), and 128 of them are the samples of civil

    architectures. Besides, there are two memorial planes,

    located at the village arena, and a fountain, located in

    the east of the mosque, in the v illage. Mosque, village,

    coffeehouse and big plane triplet, which are seen

    in Ottoman locations, are also seen in the centre of

    Cumalkzk Village. The structures, which are comprised

    natural street configuration by topographer, weredesigned according to characteristic specialities of

    the region. Therefore, all civil architecture samples are

    different from each other. This difference enriches the

    village configuration. There is a small burrow channel

    yaayanlarn Cuma namaz iin topland yer olduundanbu kyn Cumalkzk adyla anld sylenir.

    Kzk kylerinden yalnzca Cumalkzk, Hamamlkzk,Derekzk, Deirmenlikzk ve Fidyekzk bugne kadargelebilmitir. Ancak Cumalkzk dndakiler zgn dokularnkoruyamamlardr.

    Yaklak 10 hektarlk bir alanda kurulmu olan CumalkzkKynde bulunan 270 dolayndaki evin yzde 60ndahalen oturulmaktadr. Tescilli yap says 133dr. Bunlardanikisi antsal yap (cami ve hamam), 128 i de sivil mimarlkrnei yapdr. Ayrca ky meydannda tescili yaplm ikiantsal nar ve caminin dousunda eme vardr.

    Geleneksel Osmanl yerlemelerinde gzlemlenen cami,ky kahvesi ve ulu nar lemesinin oluturduu merkezCumalkzkta da grlmektedir. Topografyaya gre

    ekillenmi organik sokak dokusunu oluturan yaplarblgenin karakteristik zelliklerine gre tasarlanmtr. Bunedenle her sivil mimari yap rnei dierinden farkldr. Bufarkllk da ky dokusunu zenginletirmitir.

    Yass ta demeli dar sokaklarn orta ksmlar, yalgnlerde suyun akp gitmesi iin sokak hafif ukur bir kanalhaline sokulmutur. Bu zellik kyn zgn yapsnn birparasdr. Zemini ta deli sokan, ortasnda yer alan

    eimli yzey, saaklardan gelen yamur suyunu evlerincephesinden uzaklatrmann yan sra, kyn en stnoktasnda yer alan kaynaktan, suyun bilinli bir ekildedatmnda da kullanlmaktadr. Bahe sulamada kullanlanbu su dzenei, kyn yaz aylarnda serinlemesine deyardmc olmaktadr. nsan psikolojisi zerinde rahatlamayaratan su kullanm, doal ekolojik dengenin bir yaamdngs olarak kazanmnda nemli rol oynar. Kyde iki

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    in the middle part of the f lat-stoned narrow streets.

    The water flows from these channels on rainy days. This

    is the part of the authentic structures of the village.

    Acclivitous surface, which is in the middle of the stoned-

    ground street, provides to protect the houses from rain

    water and it is used for canalizing the water from thetop, functionally. This water mechanism, which is used for

    garden watering, enables to keep the village cool in

    the summers. This water usage gives relief to the human

    psychology and ecological balance is ensured in

    lifecycle as a gain. There are very narrow streets in t he

    village such that two people cannot be walked side to

    side. The streets have not any specified plan. Those are

    suitable for villages acclivitous land so, some of the

    streets are some kind of blind streets.

    Famous Cumalkzk Houses are made from rubble stone,

    wooden and adobe. The houses, which has alcoves

    and cage at the top floors, were built in such a way

    that inside cannot be seen from outside. Hammered iron

    handles and knockers, which open to cool stoned atriums

    and have two -winged walnut doors, are interesting.

    The entrance of the houses is at the part, which called

    life, and this area is used mostly. Agricultural productsare stocked up and garnered, firing stuff is kept and the

    weddings are held in this place. There are ovens, which

    are at the inner court beyond the life part; brad, cake

    and pastries are cooked in these ovens. Grapes are

    squeezed in the wooden basins called araphane (wine

    house) and grape molasses are made in the boilers. The

    clothes are washed and dried here. Cumalkzk houses

    kiinin yan yana yrmesinin mmkn olamayaca darlktasokaklara da rastlanr. Sokaklar belli bir plan gstermez.Yapllar, eimli ky arazisine uygun olup, baz sokaklar bunedenle kmaz niteliktedir.

    nl Cumalkzk evleri moloz ta, ahap ve kerpiten

    yaplr, genelde katldr. st katlardaki pencereleri kafeslive cumbal olan evler, dardan ierisi grlmeyecekekilde ina edilmitir. Serin ta avlulara alan, iki kanatlceviz kaplarn stndeki dvme demirden yaplan kulpve tokmaklar dikkat ekicidir. Evlere giri genellikle hayatdenilen blmden olup buras en ok kullanlan mekandr.Bu mekanda, tarmsal rnlerin depolanmasndan ayrlmasve bakmna, yakacak malzemenin istiflenmesinden,dn yaplmasna kadar pek ok ite yararlanlr. Hayat

    blmnden geilen i avludaki frnda ekmek ve brek-rek piirilir. araphane denilen ahap teknelerde zmlersklr, kazanlarda pekmezler kaynatlr. amarlar buradaykanr ve kurutulur. Zemin ksmnda mutfak, tuvalet, ahr,kmes, ocak ve frnlarn yer ald Cumalkzk evlerindeykseklii az olan bir kat, klk olarak ayrlmtr. Buradayatak odalar, oturma odalar, banyo ve ocaklar yer alr. katl olan Cumalkzk evlerinde ikinci kat yazlk olarakayrlmtr. Bu katta odalar, eyvan, seki ve sedirler deiik

    tipteki sofalarda sralanmlardr. st katta ise ba odadenilen minderli yastkl seki ve sedirlerin bulunduu rahatoturmaya elverili odalar yer almaktadr.

    Evlerin snmas ocaklarla salanmtr. Bu ocaklarn sonderece gzel ilenmi olanlar vardr. atnn zeri alaturkakiremitlerle kapldr. atlar genellikle drt meyilli, bazen ikimeyillidir. Saaklar olduka da kktr. Cumalkzk evlerindekullanlan yap malzemesi bata moloz ta olmak zere,

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    aa ve kerpitir. Duvarlarda badadi arasnda kerpi veamur sva grlr. Evler sar, beyaz, mor ve mavi renklerde

    boyanmtr.

    Cumalkzkn gneydousunda Uluda eteklerindeki

    Ihlamurcu mevkiinde 1969 ylnda tespit edilen B izans

    devrine ait kilise kalnts kyn tarihinin daha da eskiolduuna iarettir. Bulunan kilise kalntlar Bursa Arkeoloji

    Mzesine nakledilmitir. Ahap ileri ile bezeli kyncamisi, caminin yanndaki Zekiye Hatun emesi ve tekkubbeli hamam, Osmanl devrinden kalmadr. 1992 ylnda

    alan Cumalkzk Etnografya Mzesi ve Sanat Evi kymeydanndadr. Cumalkzkta kyn gemiine k tutan,

    kyde yaayan halk tarafndan balanan 18,19 ve 20.

    yzyllara ait eitli eyalarn sergilendii Etnografya Mzesibulunmaktadr. Mzede, Orhan Beyin kye verdii bir berat

    bulunmaktadr. Bahesinde at arabalar, dibek ta, yalak,zm ineme teknesi gibi nesneler, mzenin iinde eveyalar, mutfak eyalar, aydnlatma ve snma aralar, av

    malzemeleri, Uludada bir zamanlar srler halinde yaayangeyiklerden kalma dev geyik boynuzu, semerler sergilenir.

    Son yllarda tarihi dokusu nedeniyle sk sk dizi ve film

    ekimlerine de sahne olan ky, ilgi eken ve ziyaret edilenbir turizm merkezi haline gelmitir. Restore edilen birok ev;

    lokanta, ay bahesi ve butik otele dntrlrken, kyngeleneksel rnleri meydana kurulan tezgahlarda sosyo-ekonomik yaam iinde nemli bir yere sahip olan kadnlar

    tarafndan ziyaretilere sunulmaktadr.

    Tamamen doal rnlerden oluan Cumalkzk ky kahvalts,

    gzleme, ahududu, brtlen ve bunlardan yaplanreellerle, tarhana ve ky eritesi mehurdur. Her yl Haziranaynda yaplan Ahududu enlii de byk ilgi grmektedir.

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    have kitchens, toilets, barns, coops,

    cookers and ovens at their ground floors;

    one floor is separated for the winters.There are bed rooms, living rooms, bathes

    and cookers in this part. Cumalkzk

    houses have three floors and the second

    floor is separated for the summers. The

    rooms and terraces are arranged in the

    different type coaches. There is a room

    at the top floor, it is called main room

    those rooms have terraces and parts with

    pillows for comfortable sitting.

    The houses are heated with the fire

    places. Some of those fire places have

    nice designs. The roofs are covered with

    old-fashioned roof tiles. The roofs are

    generally with four slopes or doubled

    slopes. The eaves are quite out warded.

    Rubble stones, wood and adobe are

    used for the construction of Cumalkzk

    houses. Adobe and mud plastering can

    be seen on the walls. The houses are

    usually yellow, purple and blue coloured.

    A church remnant was found in Ihlamurcu

    area, which is located in the south-east of

    Cumalkzk. This church is from Byzantine

    Time and shows that the village history

    goes to older time. Those remnants were

    sent to Bursa Archaeological Museum.

    The wooden motif village mosque,

    Zekiye Hatun (Lady Zekiye) fountain,

    which is next to the mosque, and single

    domed bath are dating from Ottoman

    Time. Cumalkzk Ethnography Museum

    and Art House, which were opened in

    1992, are in the village arena. There are

    different kinds of stuff, which are dating

    from 18th, 19th and 20th Centuries and

    were handed out by the villagers, in

    Ethnography Museum. There is a charter

    that Orhangazi gave to the village, in the

    museum. The horse drawn carriages, mortar

    tone, drinking basins, grape basins are

    displayed in the garden of the museum.

    Households stuff, kitchen equipments,

    lighting and heating equipments and

    saddles and big buckhorn (Dating from

    the deer flocks lived around Uluda) are

    displayed inside of the museum.

    Many restored houses were turned in to

    restaurants, tea gardens and boutique

    hotels. The women, who are in a very

    important place for villages economic

    and social life, sell the home-made

    products in the streets. Cumalkzk village

    breakfast, which consists of totally natural

    foods, battercake, raspberry, blackberry,

    tomato and pimento and home madefettuccini are very famous in the village.

    Raspberry Festival is set up in June every

    year and visited by many visitors.

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    www.bursa .gov . t r

    www.

    kiraziletisim.com