Coordinating Relevant Stakeholders...Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021 Coordinating Relevant Stakeholders Shinya Suzuki (Fukuoka University) Series of Lectures

Series of Lectures on Disaster Waste Management, 3RINCS 2021

Coordinating Relevant

Stakeholders

Shinya Suzuki

(Fukuoka University)

Series of Lectureson Disaster Waste Management


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Aim and scope

✓Understand why the organization is

necessary

✓Understand the functions/task necessary

for DWM

✓Understand the importance of the

incorporation of ordinary WM in DWM


Introduction of myself

Name: Suzuki, Shinya

鈴木慎也 (KANJI)

すずきしんや (HIRAGANA)

スズキシンヤ (KATAKANA)

Nationality: Japanese

Birth date: 25-03-1975

Blood type: B

Affiliation: Fukuoka University

Faculty of Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

Post: Associate Professor

E-mail: [email protected]


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Contents

✓Introduction: Recent major natural

disasters in Japan

✓Why need to arrange organization

✓Organizational arrangement for DWM

✓Conclusions


5

Introduction:

Recent major natural disasters

in Japan


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Recent major natural disasters in Japan

Disaster Date

Magnitude

of

earthquake(on Richter Scale)

Voume of

wasteHouse damage

Length of

treatment

Great East

Japan

Earthquake

Mar. 2011 9.031 Mt (including

tsunami sediments

of 11Mt)

fully destroyed: 118,822

partially destroyed: 184,615

about 3 years (not

including the waste in

Fukushima area)

Great Hanshin-

Awaji

Earthquake

Jan. 1995 7.2 15 Mt



partially damaged: 390,506

destroyed by fire: 7,534

about 3 years

Kumamoto

EarthquakeApr. 2016 6.5 and 7.3 3.16 Mt




about 2 years

Niigata-ken-

Chuetsu

Earthquake

Oct. 2014 6.6 0.6 Mtfully destroyed: 3,175



about 3 years

Heavy rain

(landslide)

Hiroshima city

Aug. 2014 - 0.52 Mt

fully destroyed: 179

partially destroyed: 217

partially damaged: 189

flood damage: 4,164

about 1.5 years

Northern

Kyushu (heavy rain

and landslide)

July 2017 - 0.03 Mtfully destroyed: 275

partially destroyed: 831

flood damage: 616

about 1.5 years


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Terrible Tsunami disaster

(11 Mt of sediments)

Destroyed buildings

(fully destroyed: 118,822)

Intense destruction

(messed up car)

Intense power

(large ship launched)

Great East Japan Earthquake March 11, 2011

(Source: Cabinet office, Japan)


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Twice huge shake

(Magnitude: 6.5 and 7.3)

Damaged houses

(mixtures of wood and concretes)

Large scale landslides

(transportation network division)

Railway truck bent

Kumamoto Earthquake April 14 and 16, 2016

(Source: Cabinet office, Japan)

(Source: National Police Agency, Japan) (Source: Kumanichi NEWS, Japan)


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Like “tsunami” from mountain

(much driftwood and soil)

Much mixtures of waste, wood and soil

Necessary to remove them immediately

(to prevent secondary disasters)

Heavy driftwood deposition

Northern Kyushu Heavy Rain July 5, 2017


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Why need to arrange organization


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Basic Flow of Disaster Waste

Planning and management

Cleaning and

collection

Storage and

separation

Treatment, recycle, and final

disposal

Reuse and

Recycle

Pretreatment

Intermediate

treatment(Incineration)

Fin

al d

isp

osal


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Example of the damaged house

A large amount of driftwood

rushed into the house

Driftwood seen from the barn

Household goods on the first floor

were wiped out

The barn still untouched

(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017) (Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)



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Work hard - until the vehicle can enter

- Not only residents but also

volunteer staffs

Tatami mats carried out outdoors- too heavy

- 6 peoples necessary, including me!

Clean-up by hand

(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)



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They all were removed

considerably even for

a few days by hand

A large amount

of driftwood

and soils were

deposited

Before and after clean-up

Before

After




15

Oil spilled from the

factory after the heavy

rain-cut contaminated grass

near the waterway

Example of early recovery

Spilled oil was removed in

the waterways all manually-Self-Defense Force: 300

-Factory: 300

-Volunteer: 500-600 peoples!

(Omachi, Saga, 2019)

(Omachi, Saga, 2019)


16Source: Original figure from Ministry of Environment (2016) disaster wase management guidelines [in Japanese]

timber

Other combustibles

concrete tire

Other Incombustib

les

Bedding

Sofa

White goods

Tatami

Gypsum boards

Glass and ceramics

Metal

Sla

te

Ro

of

tile

For secure storage and separation


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Example of TSS

Reception installed at the entrance of TSS

(Operation staff necessary)

Collection support of

surrounding local governments

Use vacant land Sorting guides, rope dividers,

blue sheets, etc.

(Kumamoto, 2016) (Kumamoto, 2016)

(Kurayoshi, Tottori, 2016) (Minami-Aso, Kumamoto, 2016)


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Most of them were relatively clean Large volume of stump

A vast site was secured

(10 ha)

Not only soil but also rubble

was brought in

TSS for driftwood and soils


(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)(Asakura, Fukuoka, 2017)


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Organizational arrangement

for DWM


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Special arrangements for DWM

- DWM consists of various tasks- different from the WM in normal time

- Many stakeholders are involved- including those not involved in normal WM operations

- Organizational arrangements for DWM should be

designed before disasters - in order to tackle with DWM tasks efficiently/effectively

- and cooperate with stakeholders

- Roles, responsibilities, and coordination frameworks

should be pre-identified and communicated


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Functions/task necessary for DWM

Organizational functions necessary for DWM

(Source: Flood waste management Guidelines for Bangkok)


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✓Someone (or a team) needs to set targets

(e.g. time limit for DWM)

- and decide the overall policy for DWM to effectively

manage DWM tasks.

✓ Public relations, or the communication of information on what, where, when, and how people should discard

disaster waste is necessary to minimize post disaster

confusion.

✓Coordination with internal and external stakeholders

Command


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Logistics

✓DWM requires abundant resources, e.g., human resources, heavy machinery, trucks, vehicles,

facilities and open space (for temporary storage).

✓A team that deals with staffing and procurement


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Finance/admin

✓Contracts with private waste management companies

(operators) and suppliers need to take place

-even during emergency circumstances to ensure

appropriate spending.

✓Revenues need to be secured-typically in the form of grants.

-as local governments are the most likely to face financial

difficulties during disasters,


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Planning

✓Information-on the disaster situation

(e.g. estimation of disaster waste amount, recovery of roads),

-sanitary conditions,

-residents’ complaints,

-work progress, etc.

✓These information should be integrated as an

“Implementation Plan”, -to be communicated with stakeholders

and revised as DWM proceeds.


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Example: Pilot Project in Honiara, Solomon Islands

Activity-1. DWM in the

community

Activity-2. Restoration of the

disposal site

Honiara City Council

Environmental Health Division

Works Division

Ministry of Health and

Medical Services

Ministry of Environment Climate

Change Disaster Management

and Meteorology

Port Vila

Municipality

Council

(Vanuatu)

• Dispatch Volunteers from

MECDM roster system

• Monitor activities

• Develop report

• Establish Public Health

Awareness Cluster

• Incorporate DWM

component

• Conduct awareness raising and education program for

3Rs (composting and use of wooden material, etc.) and

appropriate disposal of disaster wastes

• Incorporate DWM into the water, sanitation and

hygiene (WASH) Workshop for awareness program

• Organize mobile-chainsaw team to cut wooden

materials to be utilized in communities as fuel and

firewood

• To recover the disposal site

• To enhance vehicles to access disposal

areas properly

• To have proper access road into the dump

• To have embankment and establish

temporary disposal area.


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Example: Cross cutting collaboration among

national and local levels in Indonesia

National Board for Disaster Management

Province/City/RegencyGuvnors/Mayor’s office

Province/City/RegencyDepartment of Environment

Public Works local officeNational Armed Forces

Presidential Regulation No. 8/2008 (BNPB)

Min. of Home AffairsMin. of Public Works &

HousingNational Armed Forces

Min. of Environment and Forestry

Allocation of budget

Debris cleaning / collection / transport to TPAGeneral

Disaster Management

National Level

Local Level

Contractor

Governmental regulation including

DWM is to be formulated

➢Disaster wastes and debris management are stipulated in the Presidential

Regulation No. 8/2008 led by National Board for Disaster Management


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Incorporation of ordinary WM in DWM

✓ Strengthen the WM organization

✓ Improvement of WM planning

based on data analysis

✓ Capacity

development of the

community

✓ Development of

networks

✓ Continuous operation

✓ Increase capacity

✓ Proper contracts with

collectors

✓ Increase capacity, new

technology introduction

✓ Proper contracts with

private sectors

✓ Increase

capacity

✓ Proper

contracts with

contractors

DWM

Planning

DW

discharge

and

separation

DW

collection

DW

treatment

Final

disposal

of DW

Communi

cation on

DWM

✓ Securing communication

channels

✓ Handling through self-help

public assistance


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For better DWM,✓It is essential for governmental officials to understand

accurately the overall image of DWM.

✓Refer to the existing guidelines

Disaster Waste Management Guideline, UN OCHA,

“Key stakeholders” in Section 3, p.15https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/DWMG.pdf

Planning and management

Cleaning and

collection

Storage and

separation

Treatment, recycle, and

final disposal

Reuse and

Recycle

Pretreatment

Intermediate

treatment

(Incineration)

Fin

al d

isp

os

al

https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/DWMG.pdf


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Conclusions


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Conclusions✓Disaster waste management (DWM) consists of

various tasks, those are different from the waste

management (WM) in normal time.

✓It is important to incorporate the ordinary WM in DWM.

Organizational arrangements for DWM should be

designed before disasters.

✓For operations function,

✓Disaster waste need to be collected, separated(if

any), transported, stored(temporary), and disposed.

✓For other supporting function,

✓Necessary to put forward the DWM process,

including Command, Logistics,

Finance/administration, and Planning.


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Thank you very much

for your attention!

✓You can access the related information on today’s lecture.

https://jsmcwm.or.jp/international/?page_id=2187

https://jsmcwm.or.jp/international/?page_id=2187