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Arrhythmias in Athletes
Contributors
CONSULTING EDITORS
RANJAN K. THAKUR, MD, MPH, MBA, FHRS
Professor of Medicine and Director, Arrhythmia
Service, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Institute,
Sparrow Health System, Michigan State
University, Lansing, Michigan
ANDREA NATALE, MD, FACC, FHRS
Executive Medical Director, Texas Cardiac
Arrhythmia Institute, St David’s Medical
Center, Austin, Texas; Consulting Professor,
Division of Cardiology, Stanford University,
Palo Alto, California; Adjunct Professor of
Medicine, Heart and Vascular Center, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;
Director, Interventional Electrophysiology,
Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California; Senior
Clinical Director, EP Services, California Pacific
Medical Center, San Francisco, California
EDITORS
DOMENICO CORRADO, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
CRISTINA BASSO, MD, PhD
Cardiovascular Pathology, Division of
Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic
and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy
GAETANO THIENE, MD, FRCP
Cardiovascular Pathology, Division of
Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic
and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy
AUTHORS
IRFAN M. ASIF, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Family
Medicine, The University of Tennessee,
Knoxville, Tennessee
YOUSEF H. BADER, MD
Instructor of Medicine, The Cardiac Arrhythmia
Center, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical
Center, Boston, Massachusetts
CRISTINA BASSO, MD, PhD
Cardiovascular Pathology, Division of
Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic
and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy
BARBARA BAUCE, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
EMANUELE BERTAGLIA, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
FERNANDO CARDOSO BIANCHINI, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
Contributorsiv
ALESSANDRO BIFFI, MD
Department of Cardiology, Center of Sport
Medicine and Science, Rome, Italy
MATS BORJESSON, MD, PhD, FESC
Professor, Department of Cardiology,
Karolinska University Hospital, Solnavagen;
Swedish School of Sports and Health
Sciences, Lidingovagen, Stockholm, Sweden
CORINNA BRUNCKHORST, MD
Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular
Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland
JOHN DAVID BURKHARDT, MD
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David’s
Medical Center, Austin, Texas
ELISA CARTURAN, PhD
Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of
Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences,
University of Padova, Padova, Italy
DOMENICO CORRADO, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
ANDERSON DONELLI DA SILVEIRA, MD
Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clınicas
de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
LUIGI DI BIASE, MD, PhD
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David’s
Medical Center; Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Texas, Austin,
Texas; Section of Electrophysiology, Albert
Einstein College of Medicine at Montefiore
Hospital, Bronx, New York; Department
of Cardiology, University of Foggia,
Foggia, Italy
JONATHAN A. DREZNER, MD
Professor, Department of Family Medicine,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
FIRAT DURU, MD
Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular
Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland
MOHAMED ELMAGHAWRY, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of
Cardiology, Aswan Heart Centre, Aswan,
Egypt
LAURENT HAEGELI, MD
Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular
Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland
HEIN HEIDBUCHEL, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
SABINO ILICETO, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
JASON JAMES, BSc
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences,
St George’s University of London, London,
United Kingdom
ANDRE LA GERCHE, MBBS, PhD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
University Hospital Leuven, Leuven,
Belgium; Department of Medicine,
St Vincent’s Hospital, University of
Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
LOIRA LEONI, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
MARK S. LINK, MD
Professor of Medicine, The Cardiac
Arrhythmia Center, Department of Medicine,
Tufts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
GIUSEPPE MASCIA, MD
Department of Heart and Vessels, University of
Florence, Florence, Italy
AHMED MERGHANI, BMedSci (Hons),
MBBS, MRCP (UK)
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences,
St George’s University of London, London,
United Kingdom
Contributors v
FEDERICO MIGLIORE, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
ANDREA NATALE, MD, FACC, FHRS
Executive Medical Director, Texas Cardiac
Arrhythmia Institute, St David’s Medical
Center, Austin, Texas; Consulting Professor,
Division of Cardiology, Stanford University,
Palo Alto, California; Adjunct Professor of
Medicine, Heart and Vascular Center, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio;
Director, Interventional Electrophysiology,
Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California; Senior
Clinical Director, EP Services, California
Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco,
California
LUIGI PADELETTI, MD
Department of Heart and Vessels, University of
Florence, Florence, Italy
ANTONIO PELLICCIA, MD
Institute of Sports Medicine and Science,
Rome, Italy
KALLIOPI PILICHOU, PhD
Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of
Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences,
University of Padova, Padova, Italy
GEORGIANE CRESPI PONTA, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
FILIPPO M. QUATTRINI, MD, PhD
Institute of Sports Medicine and Science,
Rome, Italy
ASHWIN L. RAO, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Family
Medicine, Hall Health Primary Care Center,
University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington
ILARIA RIGATO, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy
STEFANIA RIZZO, MD
Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of
Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences,
University of Padova, Padova, Italy
STEFANIA SACCHI, MD
Department of Heart and Vessels, University of
Florence, Florence, Italy
PASQUALE SANTANGELI, MD
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute,
St. David’s Medical Center, Austin, Texas;
Department of Cardiology, University of
Foggia, Foggia, Italy
MAURIZIO SCHIAVON, MD
Department of Social Health, Center for
Sports Medicine and Physical Activity,
Padova, Italy
CHRISTIAN SCHMIED, MD
Cardiovascular Centre, University Hospital
Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
SANJAY SHARMA, MD, FRCP (UK), FESC
Professor, Department of Cardiovascular
Sciences, St George’s University of London,
London, United Kingdom
RICARDO STEIN, ScD, MD
Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clınicas de
Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
GAETANO THIENE, MD, FRCP
Cardiovascular Pathology, Division of
Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic
and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy
LUC VANHEES, PhD, FESC
Full Professor, Department of Rehabilitation
Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Research Group
Lifestyle and Health, Faculty of Health Care,
University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
ALESSANDRO ZORZI, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac,
Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of
Padova, Padova, Italy