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Constructive and Destructive Processes
Ms. MeskieMs. Krutty
StationsStation 1
Page 1, question 1: What do you think will happen when water is poured over the “hill”?
Station 2Page 2, question 9: What will happen when you
rub sandpaper over the limestone?
Station 3Page 2, question 12: What is the effect of
water on limestone?Page 2, question 13: What is the effect of the
acid on limestone?
Constructive Processes
Build the earth up
Destructive Processes
Destroy or break down part of the earth
Constructive or Destructive?
Constructive
VolcanoesConstructive process
Builds up land around the volcano
1943 in farmer’s field in Mexico – built a mountain in 9 years
1964 off coast of Iceland – now a large island
Constructive or Destructive?
Constructive
Plate Tectonics and Mountain-Building
Constructive Process
Oceanic plate more dense than continental plate
Oceanic plate pushed under continental plate, continental plate crumples
Two plates collide and both are pushed up and crumpled
Video 1
Video 2
Plate Tectonics and Mountain-Building
Subduction – the process that takes place at convergent boundaries in which one tectonic plate sinks under another into the Earth’s mantle because it is more dense than the other
Density – mass per unit volume(Density=Mass/Volume)
Orogeny (uplift) – a process in which the forces produced by convergent tectonic plates produce mountains
Constructive or Destructive?
Destructive
Weathering and Erosion
Destructive Process
Weathering 1st to weaken the rock, erosion 2nd to break it away
2 kinds of weathering:Mechanical – breaks down rocks
WindWaterPlantsAnimals
Chemical – changes rocks into something newChemicals (Ex. Acid rain)
Weathering and Erosion
Weathering – the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with the atmosphere
In-Situ – with no movement; takes place in that spot
Erosion – movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as ice, water, wind, and gravity
Hydration – a process in which a rock takes in water, and the increased volume creates stress in the rock, breaking it up
Weathering and Erosion
Carbonation – a process in which carbon dioxide mixes with rain, making the rain acidic, which in turn breaks down certain types of rocks
Oxidation (rusting) – a process in which water and oxygen mix and weaken the rock (this occurs mostly with metal ores)
Weathering and Erosion
Plant’s roots have grown into the rock
Causes some of the rock to break apart
Mechanical or chemical weathering?
Weathering and Erosion
Iron in rock reacts with oxygen in air
Creates rust and weakens the rock
Mechanical or chemical weathering?
Weathering and Erosion
ErosionCarries away weathered rockWind blows dust off side of cliffSilt carried downstream by riverRocks fall off side of cliff due to gravity
Wind Water
Ice
What happens to the weathered rock that is
carried away?
DepositionSand and pieces of rock are deposited by
water, wind, or ice as a result of erosion
Constructive or destructive?
Constructive
SummaryConstructive
Volcanoes
Plate Tectonics and Mountain-building Subduction Density Orogeny
Deposition
Destructive
Weathering and Erosion Weathering In-Situ Erosion Hydration Carbonation Oxidation
Station 12. Observations
3. Which substance moved first? Next? Last?
4. Did the size of the particles affect the rate of erosion?
5. Would the amount of water affect the rate of erosion?
6. Would the hardness of the rain affect the rate of erosion?
7. If you wanted to control erosion on a hill, what type of particles would be best to use?
8. What do you think happens to the surfaces of mountains that experience large amounts of rainfall?
Station 210. Observations
11. How is rubbing sandpaper across a rock like windblown sand hitting a rock?
Station 314. Observations
15. What is the effect of water on limestone?
16. What is the effect of the acid on limestone?
17. How long do you think it will take for the acid to completely dissolve the limestone?
18. How might this process occur in nature?
19. Is this an example of mechanical or chemical weathering?
Post-Lab Quiz1. What is the difference between a
constructive process and a destructive process?
2. Carbon dioxide in the air can combine with rain to create acid rain. When this acid rain hits limestone, it weakens the limestone through a process called carbonation. Would this be considered mechanical or chemical weathering?
Post-Lab Quiz3. Which process caused this change in
landscape?
Post-Lab Quiz4. Which process caused this change in
landscape?
Post-Lab Quiz5. Which process caused this change in
landscape?
Post-Lab Quiz6. Which process caused this change in
landscape?
