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Superpower Geographies 1. Superpower Geographies a) defining superpowers b) influencing power b) changing patterns of power c) theories explaining the growth of superpowers Learning Objectives: To know differences between capitalism and communism To have a basic understanding of why communism collapsed To describe the current geographical influence of the U.S.A. To be able to explain the changing pattern of power in the last century © Geography Department, London Academy
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What process does this image refer to.
What is the difference between colonialism, imperialism and colonisation?
What geographical shifts in superpowers have occurred in
the last century?
Geographical Superpowers
© Geography Department, London Academy
Superpower Geographies
1. Superpower Geographies a) defining superpowers b) influencing power b) changing patterns of power c) theories explaining the growth of superpowers
Learning Objectives:• To know differences between capitalism and
communism• To have a basic understanding of why communism
collapsed• To describe the current geographical influence of the
U.S.A.• To be able to explain the changing pattern of power
in the last century© Geography Department, London Academy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsJnxlXepsY
1945 – 1990 ‘The Cold War’
After the second world war, two global superpowers emerged. The USA followed apolicy to globalise its sphere of influence and become a stronger player in the worldsystem. However the beliefs and politics of the USSR did not agree with the USA.In order to become more powerful the USSR took advantage of collapsed countriesin Europe and enforced a communist regime.
Bi-polar World
What criteria would have supported these countries rise to superpower?
Opposing Ideals of Power
CAPITALISM COMMUNISM
WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY THE STATE
BUSINESSES BELONG TO THE STATE
SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS FREEDOM
SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS EQUALITY
WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY PROFIT MAKING INDIVIDUALS
BUSINESSES ARE PRIVATELY OWNED
GOVERNMENT PLANNED ECONOMY
DICTATORSHIP NO FREE ELECTIONS
THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
FREE MARKET ECONOMY
DEMOCRACY WITH ELECTED LEADERS
Nuclear warheads
Collapse of the Soviet Union
1985 – Newly elected President Gorbachev
introduced: GLASNOST “freedom of Speech”
PERESTROIKA “private ownership of small businesses”
Late 1980’s – Economic failure and food shortages
1989 – 1991
With their new found freedom states within the USSR rebelled and claimed sovereignty (independence)
The Worlds One Superpower
The World’s One Superpower1990 - Present
UNI-POLAR world: 2010?• US dominated uni-polar world can be seen as the triumph of modern
globalisation, trade and capitalist ideology (links back to AS Unit 1):
• Different perspectives can be used to ‘view’ the US dominated world:• Military presence• US TNCs abroad• USA’s recipients of foreign aid.• CNN is a good example of US global media influence
What do you remember about….
United States Military United States Economy and Culture
Consider for Q2:Politics- patriotism, nationalism, int. agreementsEconomic systems- e.g. 5 year plansSocial control- education, KGB, CIAMilitary-standing armies, nuclear,
Over to youChoose either USA or USSR/RussiaHow do patterns of power change?Use books and research to illustrate how and why 1) Your power became a superpower and the ideology.2) How control was maintained3) It’s current status and/or why it collapsed /threats to its superpower
status today.
Detail is needed Upper Sixth! Present as a report:
Starting point is Oxford p 146-149 and p136
