Concepts of LTE&RF Parametric Receiver Tests on PHY layer

David BarnerAgilent Technologies

Agenda

• Brief review of LTE physical layer

• LTE physical layer Receiver tests

• Measurement solutions

LTE PHY Layer Characteristics

Service Goals

• Data transfer rate ( max) DL: 173Mbps, UL: 86Mbps

• Users/cell (max) 200 active

• Mobility 0-15 km/h best performance

15-120 km/h high performance

Physical Layer Details

• Duplex Modes FDD, TDD

• Frequency assignments 700 MHz Public Safety

840, 940, 1750, 1930, 2150, 2570 MHz

• Channel bandwidths FDD: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz

• DL transmission OFDM using QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

• UL transmission SC-FDMA using QPSK, 16QAM ,64QAM

• Number of carriers 72 to 1200

• Carrier spacing Fixed 15 kHz (7.5 kHz extended CP)

• Additional mod types Zadaoff-Chu, BPSK (CMD)

Physical Layer Definitions: Frame Structure

Frame Structure type 1 (FDD) FDD: Uplink and downlink are transmitted separately

#0 #2 #3 #18#1 ………. #19One subframe = 1ms

One slot = 0.5 ms

One radio frame = 10 ms

Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 9

Frame Structure type 2 (TDD)One radio frame, Tf = 307200 x Ts = 10 ms

One half-frame, 153600 x Ts = 5 ms

#0 #2 #3 #4 #5

One subframe, 30720 x Ts = 1 ms

DwPTS

Guard period

UpPTS

One slot, Tslot =15360 x Ts = 0.5 ms

#7 #8 #9

DwPTS

Guard period

UpPTS

PTS = Pilot Time Slot

TDD: Uplink and downlink are transmitted at the same time

Condition (DL) NRBsc NDL

symb

Normal

cyclic prefix∆f=15kHz 12 7

Extended

cyclic prefix

∆f=15kHz 12 6

∆f=7.5kHz 24 3

RB

scN

RB

scN

OFDM symbols

One slot, Tslot

:

:

x subcarriers

Resource block

x

Resource

element

(k, l)

l=0 l= – 1

subcarriers

RB

scN

DLsymbN

DLsymbN

DLsymbN

RB

scN

Condition (UL) NRBsc NUL

symb

Normal

cyclic prefix12 7

Extended

cyclic prefix12 6

Slot Structure & Physical Resource Elements

LTE Physical Layer Signals & Channels

LTE air interface consists of two main components:

1. Physical channels

• These carry data from higher layers including control,

scheduling and user payload

2. Physical signals

• These are generated in Layer 1 and are used for

system synchronization, cell identification and radio

channel estimation

The following is a simplified high-level description of the

essential signals and channels.

LTE Air Interface:

Downlink Physical Channels (1 of 2)

BaseStation

(eNB)

UserEquipment

(UE)

PBCH – Physical Broadcast Channel

Broadcast Channel

PBCH: - Carries cell specific information such as system bandwidth, number of Tx

antennas etc…

- Transmitted in the centre 72 subcarriers (6 RB) around DC at OFDMA symbol #0 to

#3 of Slot #1 of sub-frame #0

- Modulation scheme = QPSK

PCFICH:

- Carries information on the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of

PDCCH’s in a sub-frame

- Transmitted on symbol #0 of slot 0 in a sub-frame

- Modulation scheme = QPSK

PHICH:- Carries the hybrid-ARQ ACK/NACK feedback to the UE for the blocks received

- Transmitted on symbol #0 of every sub-frame (Normal duration) and symbols #0, 1

& 2 of every sub-frame (Extended duration) if the number of PDCCH symbols = 3

- Modulation scheme = BPSK (CDM)

PCFICH – Physical Control Format Indicator Channel

PHICH –Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel

Indicator Channels

LTE Air Interface:

Downlink Physical Channels (2 of 2)

BaseStation

(eNB)

UserEquipment

(UE)

PDCCH – Physical Downlink Control Channel

Control Channel

PDCCH

- Carries uplink and downlink scheduling assignments and other

control information depending on format type (there are 4 formats)

- Transmitted on the first 1, 2 or 3 symbols of every subframe

- Modulation scheme = QPSK

PDSCH

- Carries downlink user data

- Transmitted on sub-carriers and symbols not occupied by

the rest of downlink channels and signals

- Modulation scheme = QPSK, 16QAM, 64 QAM

PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel

Shared (Payload) Channel

LTE Air Interface:

Downlink Physical Signals

BaseStation

(eNB)

UserEquipment

(UE)

P-SS - Primary Synchronization Signal

RS – Reference Signal (Pilot)

P-SS:

- Used in cell search and initial synchronization procedures

- Carries part of the cell ID (one of 3 sequences) and identifies 5 ms timing

- Transmitted on 62 out of the reserved 72 subcarriers (6 RBs) around DC at

OFDMA symbol #6 of slot #0 & #10

- Modulation sequence = One of 3 Zadoff-Chu sequences; CAZAC

S-SS:

- Used to identify cell-identity groups. Also identifies frame timing (10 ms)

- Carries remainder of cell ID (one of 168 binary sequences)

- Transmitted on 62 out of the reserved 72 subcarriers (6 RBs) around DC at

OFDMA symbol #5 of slot #0 & #10

- Modulation sequence = Two 31-bit binary sequences; BPSK

RS:

- Used for DL channel estimation and coherent demodulation

- Transmitted on every 6th subcarrier of OFDMA symbols #0 & #4 of every slot

- Modulation sequence = Pseudo Random Sequence (PRS). Exact sequence

derived from cell ID, (one of 3 * 168 = 504). QPSK

S-SS - Secondary Synchronization Signal

LTE Air Interface:

Uplink Physical Channels

BaseStation

(eNB)

UserEquipment

(UE)

PRACH - Physical Random Access Channel

Random Access Channel

PRACH:- Used for call setup

- Modulation scheme = uth root Zadoff-Chu

PUCCH:- Carries ACK/NACK for downlink packets, CQI information and scheduling

requests

- Never transmitted at same time as PUSCH from the same UE

- Two RBs per sub-frame, the outer RB regions, are reserved for PUCCH

- Modulation scheme = OOK, BPSK and QPSK

PUSCH:- Carries uplink user data

- Modulation scheme = QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

PUCCH – Physical Uplink Control Channel

Control Channel

PUSCH - Physical Uplink Shared Channel

Shared (Payload) Channel

LTE Air Interface:

Uplink Physical Signals

BaseStation

(eNB)

UserEquipment

(UE)

DM-RS - (Demodulation) Reference Signal

S-RS - (Sounding) Reference Signal

DM-RS: There are two types of DM-RS. PUCCH-DMRS and PUSCH-DMRS

PUSCH-DMRS:

- Used for uplink channel estimation

- Transmitted on SC-FDMA symbol #3 of every PUSCH slot

- Modulation sequence = nth root Zadoff-Chu

PUCCH-DMRS:

- Transmitted on different symbols depending on PUCCH format and cyclic

prefix. For normal cyclic prefix and PUCCH format 1, it is transmitted on

SC-FDMA symbols #2, #3 and # 4 of every PUCCH slot. For PUCCH format

1, it is transmitted on SC-FDMA symbols #1 and 5

- Modulation sequence = Zadoff-Chu

S-RS:

- Used for uplink channel quality estimation when no PUCCH or PUSCH

is scheduled.

- Modulation sequence = Based on Zadoff-Chu

OFDM symbols (= 7 OFDM symbols @ Normal CP)

The Cyclic Prefix is created by prepending each

symbol with a copy of the end of the symbol

160 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 (x Ts)

1 sub-frame= 2 slots

= 1 ms

1 slot= 15360 Ts

= 0.5 ms

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

etc.

CP CP CP CPCPCP

DL

symbN

Downlink Frame Structure Type 1

RS - Reference Signal (Pilot)

P-SS - Primary Synchronization Signal

S-SS - Secondary Synchronization Signal

PBCH - Physical Broadcast Channel

PCFICH – Physical Control Channel Format Indicator Channel

PHICH (Normal)– Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel

PDCCH (L=3) - Physical Downlink Control Channel

PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel

#0 #1 #8#2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #9 #10 #11 #12 #19#13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18

10 2 3 4 5 610 3 4 5 62

Su

b-C

arr

ier

(RB

)

Time (Symbol)

1 Frame

= 10 sub-frames

= 20 slots

= 10 ms

Page 13

#0 #1 #8#2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #9 #10 #11 #12 #19#13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18

10 2 3 4 5 6 10 2 3 4 5 6

PUSCH - Physical Uplink Shared Channel

Reference Signal – (Demodulation) [Sym 3 | Every Slot]

OFDM symbols (= 7 OFDM symbols @ Normal CP)

The Cyclic Prefix is created by prepending each

symbol with a copy of the end of the symbol

160 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 (x Ts)

1 slot= 15360 Ts

= 0.5 ms

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

etc.

CP CP CP CP CPCPCP

UL

symbN

1 sub-frame= 2 slots

= 1 ms

1 frame= 10 sub-frames

= 10 ms

Ts = 1/(15000 x 2048) = 32.6 ns

Uplink Frame Structure Type 1PUSCH Mapping

Uplink Frame Structure Type 1PUCCH Mapping (Formats 1, 1a, 1b )

[Syms 2-4 | Every Slot]

[Syms 0,1,5,6 | Every Slot]

1

UL

symbN

15 kHzFrequency

fc

V

CP

OFDMAData symbols occupy 15 kHz for

one OFDMA symbol period

SC-FDMAData symbols occupy M*15 kHz for

1/M SC-FDMA symbol periods

1,1-1,1

1,-1-1,-1

I

Q 1, 1 -1,-1 -1, 1 1, -1 1, -1 -1, 1

Sequence of QPSK data symbols to be transmitted

QPSK modulating

data symbols

60 kHz Frequency

V

CP

-1,-1 1, 1

Comparing DL (OFDMA) and UL (SC-FDMA):QPSK example using M=4 subcarriers

Agenda

• Brief review of LTE physical layer

• LTE physical layer Receiver tests

• Measurement solutions

LTE eNB Design Challenges

Increased capacity & throughput

• MIMO radios

• Requires more RF hardware

• Requires more complex baseband processing

• Requires extensive validation with channel emulation

• Robust error correction techniques

• Requires more complex baseband processing

• Wider modulation bandwidth

• Higher order modulation schemes

• More sophisticated power control

Interference & Interoperability

• Must integrate with existing cellular & wireless connectivity formats

LTE eNB Receiver Test Challenges

LTE Conformance Tests Require Sophisticated Signals

• Various modulation bandwidths (1.4 MHz to 20 MHz)

• Various modulation types (QSPK, 16QAM, 64QAM)

• Transport channel coding with specific configurations, i.e. Fixed Reference Channels (FRC)

• Interfering Signals

• AWGN

• Emulation of channel propagation conditions

New Conformance Tests Require Special Test Configuration

• Three performance requirements tests require dynamic changes in signal characteristics

• Closed loop control of RV index based on HARQ feedback

• Closed loop control of RF frame timing based on TA feedback

• Interference and Rx diversity tests require MU-MIMO test configurations

LTE eNB Receiver Test ChallengeseNB Rx Conformance Test Details

S7. Rx Characteristics Tests

• Reference sensitivity level

• Dynamic range

• Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS)

• Blocking characteristics

• Intermodulation characteristics

• In-channel selectivity

• Spurious emissions

S8. Rx Performance Requirements Tests

• Performance requirements for PUSCH• Multipath fading propagation conditions

• UL timing adjustment

• HARQ-ACK multiplexed on PUSCH

• High speed train conditions (high mobility)

• Performance requirements for PUCCH• ACK missed detection using user PUCCH format 1a

• CQI missed detection for PUCCH format 2

• ACK missed detection for multi user PUCCH format 1a

• Performance Requirements for PRACH

Summary of Test Requirements

• Tests are performed open loop

• Tests require interfering signals

• Performance metric = BLER

Summary of Test Requirements

• Some tests require closed loop feedback

• Tests require fading

• Performance metric = Throughput

(or missed detection)

3GPP LTE eNB Rx Conformance Tests (36.141)

Receiver Characteristics Wanted Signal Interfering Signal Dynamic Range(wanted interferer)

Agilent Solution

7.2 Reference Sensitivity LevelFRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK ModNone required for this test -- Signal Studio +MXG

7.3 Dynamic RangeFRC A2-1, 2-2, 2-3

16QAM ModAWGN 12.4 dB Signal Studio + MXG

7.4 In-Channel SelectivityFRC 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5

QPSK ModE-UTRA with all BW 21.5 dB Signal Studio + MXG

7.5 Adjacent Channel SelectivityFRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

E-UTRA

Offsets up to 2.5 MHz*48.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG

7.5 Narrowband BlockingFRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

E-UTRA

Offsets up to 4.66 MHz*51.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG

7.6 Blocking

(in-band)

FRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

CW or E-UTRA

Offsets up to 7.5 MHz*57.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG + PXB

7.6 Blocking

(out-of-band)

FRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

CW

Offsets up to 12.75 GHz85.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG + PSG

7.6 Blocking

(Co-location with other base stations)

FRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

CW

Freq from 728 MHz to 2690 MHz116.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG + MXG

7.7 Receiver Spurious Emissions NA NA NA MXA Spectrum Analyzer

7.8 Receiver IntermodulationFRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

CW offset up to 7.5 MHz* &

E-UTRA offset up to 18.2 MHz*48.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG + PXB

7.8 Receiver Intermodulation

(Narrow Band Intermodulation)

FRC A1-1, 1-2, 1-3

QPSK Mod

CW offset up to 415 kHz* &

E-UTRA offset up to 1780 kHz*48.1 dB Signal Studio + MXG + PXB

LTE eNB Receiver Test ChallengeseNB Conformance Tests – Receiver Characteristics

LTE eNB Receiver Test ChallengeseNB Conformance Tests – Performance Requirements

Performance Requirements Wanted Signal Channel ModelChannel

ConfigurationFeedback

Agilent

Solution

8.2.1 PUSCH in Multipath Fading

Propagation Conditions

FRC A3, A4, A5

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

EPA 5 Hz

EVA 5, 70 Hz

ETU 70, 300 Hz

1x2 (2x RX diversity)

1x4 (4x RX diversity)HARQ Real-time

8.2.2 UL Timing Adjustment

FRC A7, A8

QPSK & 16QAM

(SRS is optional)

Moving Propagation Model

a. ETU 200 Hz

b. AWGN

2x2 (2x RX diversity)

2x4 (2x RX diversity)

(Stationary & moving UE)

HARQ &

timing adjustment

Real-time +

Waveform Playback

8.2.3 HARQ-ACK Multiplexed on

PUSCH

FRC A3-1, A4-3 to A4-8

QPSK, 16QAMETU 70 Hz 1x2 (2x RX diversity) -- Waveform Playback

8.2.4 High Speed Train Conditions

FRC A3-2 to A3-7

QPSK

(PUCCH is optional)

High Speed Train with:

a. Open Space

b. Tunnel for multi-antenna

1x2 (2x RX diversity)

1x4 (4x RX diversity)HARQ Real-time

8.3.1 ACK Missed Detection

for Single User PUCCH Format 1aPUCCH ACK

EPA 5 Hz

EVA 5, 70 Hz

ETU 70, 300 Hz

1x2 (2x RX diversity)

1x4 (4x RX diversity)--

Real-time or

Waveform Playback

8.3.2 CQI Missed Detection

for PUCCH Format 2PUCCH CQI ETU 70 Hz

1x2 (2x RX diversity)

1x4 (4x RX diversity)--

Real-time or

Waveform Playback

8.3.3 ACK Missed Detection

for Multi User PUCCH Format 1aPUCCH ACK ETU 70 Hz

4x2 (2x RX diversity)

(Requires 3 interferers)-- Waveform Playback

8.4.1 PRACH False Alarm

Probability and Missed DetectionPRACH Preamble

ETU 70 Hz

AWGN (no fading)

1x2 (2x RX diversity)

1x4 (4x RX diversity)-- Waveform Playback

LTE eNB Receiver Test Challenges

R&D Lifecycle RX Test Considerations Test Solution Implications

RF Front End Verification Linearity, EVM, Noise Figure, LO phase noise →Simple signals (i.e., CW or statically correct)

for initial RX testing

Baseband Chipset Development BER/BLER measurements → Transport channel coding

Baseband Chipset Development Functional verification → Advanced feature set for testing HARQ, etc

Baseband Chipset Development Verify performance in real-world conditions →Real-time channel emulation (fading)

Calibrated AWGN

Baseband Chipset Development Rx Diversity → Multiple synchronized baseband generators

RF & Baseband Integration Verify performance in real-world conditions →Real-time channel emulation (fading)

Calibrated AWGN

System Design Validation Interference tests → Simulation of modulated or CW signals

System Design Validation Interoperability tests → Simulation of multiple cellular formats

Pre-Conformance TestAWGN, Channel Emulation, HARQ, Timing

Adjustments, transport channel coding →Complex signaling with closed loop feedback

from the eNB

Agenda

• Brief review of LTE physical layer

• LTE physical layer Receiver tests

• Measurement solutions

Agilent 3GPP LTE Test Solutions Rx RF Front End Verification

Generate simple test signals

• Create CW signals

• Create multi-tone signals

Generate simple LTE signals

• Ultimate physical layer flexibility

• Supports December 2009 version of LTE standard

• Selectable BW from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz

• Select PUSCH modulation: QSPK, 16QAM, 64QAM

• Configurable data payloads

• Allocate resource blocks in frequency & time

Measure basic RF parameters

• Analyze amplitude flatness

• Measure gain at each stage

• Analyze phase linearity

• Determine noise figure

• Measure EVM of components & subsystems

Signal Studio- Uplink FDD LTE

- ARB basic capability

MXG Vector Signal Generator Receiver Front End

MXA Signal Analyzer

Analog I/Q,

Digital I/Q,

DigRF

RF

Agilent 3GPP LTE Test Solutions Rx Baseband Verification

Generate sophisticated LTE signals

• Supports December 2009 version of LTE standard

• Transport channel coded PUSCH with frequency

hopping (inter and intra & inter subframe hopping)

• Uplink control multiplexing with PUSCH

• Process based frame configuration

• Test incremental redundancy with retransmitted

processes (HARQ)

• Sounding Reference Signal with frequency hoppingMXG Vector Signal Generator

Baseband Filter

Demodulator

I

Q

I

QSymbol

Decoder

Transport

Channel

Decoding

Output to

Higher

Layers

Signal StudioUplink FDD LTE

ARB advanced capability

Baseband Subsection

Page 26

Agilent 3GPP LTE Test Solutions Rx BB/RF Integration & System Test

First To Market Track Record

• Keeping pace with evolving LTE standard

• Supports both FDD & TDD frame structures

• Supports December 09 version of LTE standard

• Beta program for latest changes to standard

Scalable Test Solutions

• Tailor capability & performance from SISO to MIMO

• Easily upgrade as your test needs evolve

• Multi-format application support

for interoperability / interference testing

- LTE, W-CDMA/HSPA, GSM/EDGE, cdma2000,

1xEV-DO, WiMAX, WLAN …

High Performance

• Real-time uplink LTE signal creation

• Real-time MIMO channel emulation

• Simplified power calibration

• Wide bandwidth – ready for LTE Advanced (Rel 10)

Signal Studio

MXG Vector Signal Generators

PXB BBG & Channel Emulator

00h

01h

Tx0 Rx0

Rx1

RX Diversity

Agilent 3GPP LTE Test Solutions Interference and Interoperability Test

Configuration flexibility

• Create (SS): LTE, W-CDMA/HSPA, GSM/EDGE,

cdma2000, 1xEV-DO, WiMAX, WLAN …

• Up to four internal baseband generators

• Sum CW carriers with wanted signal

• Sum modulated carriers with wanted signal

• Sum custom Matlab waveforms with wanted signal

• Add calibrated AWGN for accurate C/N ratios

Scalable Test Solutions

• Tailor capability & performance from SISO to MIMO

• Easily upgrade as your test needs evolve

• Connect to ESG, MXG, & DSIM for signal creation

• Connect to MXA for RF fading applications

• Field upgradable with calibrated DSP blocks

High Performance

• Real-time uplink LTE signal creation

• Real-time MIMO channel emulation

• Simplified power calibration

• Wide bandwidth – ready for LTE Advanced (Rel 10)

PXB BBG & Channel Emulator Interoperability testing

∑

Signal StudioMXG Vector Signal Generator

Agilent 3GPP LTE Test Solutions Rx Conformance Test

Real-time LTE Signal Generation

• PXB accepts closed loop feedback

• HARQ ACK/NACK signals

• Timing adjustment feedback

• LTE signal continuously adjusted based on feedback

• Predefined Fixed Reference Channel definitions

Real-time Channel Emulation

• Standards based channel models

• Custom defined channel models

• 24 paths of fading

• 120 MHz modulation bandwidth

• Simplified power calibration

Interfering Signals

• Add CW blocking signals

• Add modulated signals for blocking &interoperability test

• Calibrated AWGN for accurate C/N ratios

RF

Digital I/Q

Feedback

Signal StudioUplink FDD LTE

Real-time capability

eNBPXB BBG & Channel Emulator

MXG Vector Signal Generator

HARQ / Incremental RedundancyConcepts

Coding

Original data

NACK

1st TX

IR Buffer in Receiver

2nd TX

NACK

RV Index=1

3rd TX

ACK

RV Index=2

Rate Matching

RV Index=0

Effects of Propagation

i.e., 1/3 CC and then RM to make Block Size

Match Radio Frame

HARQRV Index Test Assignments

Process # HARQ

Response

RV Index

0 ACK 0

1 ACK 0

2 ACK 0

3 ACK 0

7 NACK 1

0 NACK 1

0 NACK 2

0 NACK 3

0 ACK 0

RV Index is

incremented for

each process for

each NACK

response using

defined sequence

shown at left of

slide

RV Index

Sequence

0

1

2

3

3

Maximum RV

Index sequence

length is 15 in

software

The RV Index

sequence is

user definable.

RV Index value

can range from

0 to 3

1

2

3

15

RV Index reset to

“0” after receiving

n NACKs to reach

end of RV Index

Sequence or when

ACK is received

RV Index “0” is

used for each ACK

response

HARQ feedback can be from external

CMOS 3.3 V or RS-232 input into PXB,

or from a predefined programmable

ACK/NACK sequence.

Example of how RV Index works

Timing AdjustmentConformance Test Concept

Moving UE simulates changing propagation path lengths

In this example, the mobile UE is assigned blue Resource Blocks

Stationary UE

eNB Frame Timing

1 symbol (2048·Ts)

Normal Cyclic Prefix

Res

ou

rce

Blo

ck

s

Moving UE signal can arrive at wrong eNB frame timing as path length changes

UE transmission interferes with next symbol without timing adjustment

Details

• Stationary UE and moving UE transmit in same

subframe, but with different subcarriers

• Moving UE simulates changing propagation path

lengths & therefore different arrival times at eNB

• eNB must command moving UE to advance or delay

timing of transmission such that the signal arrives at

eNB with proper frame timing, i.e. does not overlap into

adjacent symbols

• Timing adjustment test is performed with even

subfames occupied

• Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) is optional for this

test

• This test is performed with real-time HARQ feedback

eNB

Timing Adjustment transmitted back to

UE, to align UE with eNB frame timing

PXB Closed Loop Test ConceptHARQ & Timing Adjustment Tests

10MHz

HARQ ACK/NACK

Digital I/Q

Baseband w/ Fading

10MHzLAN

GPIB

Frame Pulse

Signal Studio

N7624B 3GPP LTE FDD

eNB

RF

Throughput Testing Equipment Configuration

N5182A MXG

N5106A PXB

Timing Adjustment

CMOS 3.3 V inputs from eNB

•HARQ – Level triggered or serial data

•Timing Adjustment – serial data

•Feedback can be multiplexed into one line

Dynamically Changing RF

•Frame Timing based on TA

•RV Index based on ACK/NACK

Digital IQ

Timing Adjustment

Digital IQ

HARQ ACK/NACKSignal StudioReal-time LTE

(Moving UE)

PXB

eNBSignal StudioARB LTE

(Stationary UE)

MXG

CMOS 3.3V Signals

Typical Conformance Test ConfigurationsUL Timing Adjustment Configuration

RF

RF

Digital IQ

Signal StudioReal-time LTE

(Moving UE)

PXB

eNBSignal StudioARB LTE

(Stationary UE)

CMOS 3.3V Signals

RF

HARQ ACK/NACK & Timing Adjustment

RF

RF

RF

2x4 MIMO case

2x2 MIMO case

Digital IQ

Digital IQ RF

RF

PXBeNBSignal Studio

ARB LTE

(Wanted UE)

MXG

Typical Conformance Test ConfigurationsMulti-User PUCCH Test - 4x2 MIMO Case

Agilent Configuration

Note: Closed loop feedback not required for this test

Signal StudioARB LTE

(Interfering UE’s)

Agilent N5106A PXBBaseband Generator & Channel Emulator

Page 35

RF

Analog I/Q

- Direct from PXB

- Connect to any DUT or RF

vector signal generator with

analog I/Q inputs

RF

Digital I/Q

Signal OutputsSignal Inputs

Performance & Scalability to Meet Future Testing Needs

Signal Creation Tools

ESG or MXGPXB

MXA

N5102A

Agilent SolutionsAddressing eNB LTE Test Challenges Today

N7624B/25B Signal Studio for 3GPP LTE FDD/TDD

• Real-time LTE signal creation options

• Creates all required wanted signals for Receiver Characteristics

• Creates all required wanted signals for Performance Requirements

(including closed loop requirements)

• Waveform playback LTE options

• Ultra flexible parameter adjustment for R&D troubleshooting

• Perform conformance tests without closed loop control

N5106A PXB Baseband Generator and Channel Emulator

• Adds real-time channel emulation (fading)

• Creates interfering LTE and CW signals (and other formats)

• Adds calibrated AWGN to signal

• Creates MIMO-like configurations (fading + summing, etc)

• Adds real-time baseband generator for LTE software

N5182A MXG vector signal generator

• Upconverts LTE baseband signal with interferers and channel emulation from PXB to RF

• Used stand-alone (without PXB) with Signal Studio waveform playback options

PXB BBG & Channel Emulator

MXG Vector Signal Generator

Signal StudioUplink LTE

Real-time capability

Agilent SolutionsKey Benefits

Most Cost Effective eNB Rx Testing

• Leverage existing ESG/MXG investments

• Easily scale to higher order MIMO configurations

• Prepare for evolving LTE standard including IMT Advanced

The Fastest Time to Market

• Perform all eNB Rx conformance tests now including closed loop requirements

• Supports December 2009 version of LTE standard

• Predefined setups for required Fixed Reference Channels (FRC) and fading models

• Flexible parameter adjustments for troubleshooting problems

• Dedicated LTE application engineer support available

Best Way to Minimize LTE Design Uncertainties and Rework

• More robust design validation early in the R&D lifecycle

• Consistent test signals from BB to RF

Thank You!

Questions?