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““Compassion Fatigue Compassion Fatigue ““
Preventing BurnoutPreventing Burnout
Issac L. Boose, LPC-S, LMFT, ICAADC
Director, Pine Grove Next Step
© 2013 Pine Grove
BurnoutBurnoutSymptoms, Causes and PreventionSymptoms, Causes and Prevention
• Burnout
• Symptoms of
Burnout
• Causes of Burnout
• Empathy
• Self-Care
• Stress Prevention
• Emotional Awareness
• Meditation
© 2013 Pine Grove
BurnoutBurnout“the extinction of motivation or incentive, especially where one's devotion to a cause or relationship fails to produce the desired results.”
Freudenberger
© 2013 Pine Grove
BurnoutBurnoutBurnout is related to stress and it is
most frequently linked to:
• Emotional exhaustion
• Depersonalization related to the work
environment
• A sense of diminishing personal accomplishment
Sorgaard, K.W., Ryan, P., Hill, R., Dawson, I., OSCAR group
© 2013 Pine Grove
Classic Symptoms of Burnout
• Depleted Physical Energy
• Lowered Immunity to Illness
• Less Investment in Interpersonal Relationships
• Increasingly Pessimistic Outlook
• Increased Absenteeism and Inefficiency at Work
© 2013 Pine Grove
What Causes Burnout?What Causes Burnout?
• Burnout has many causes but the three main categories are:
– Lifestyle Features
– Individual Personality Characteristics
– Job Structure
© 2013 Pine Grove
Lifestyle Features• Too Much Work With Little Balance
• No Help or Supportive Resources
• Too Little Social Support
• No Time For Hobbies
• Too Little Sleep
• Too Little Time Off
© 2013 Pine Grove
Individual Personality
Characteristics• Perfectionist Tendencies
• Pessimism
• Excitability
• Type “A” Personality
• Poor Fit For The Job
• Lack of Belief In What You Do
© 2013 Pine Grove
Job Structure
• Unclear Requirements
• Impossible Requirements
• Lack of Personal Control
• Lack of Recognition
• Poor Leadership
• Big Consequences for Failure
• High-Stress Times with No “Down” Times
© 2013 Pine Grove
““What Would U DoWhat Would U Do””
• Blurry Images
• Difficult to hear?
• Rap Music?
• Profanity
© 2013 Pine Grove
““What Would U DoWhat Would U Do””
© 2013 Pine Grove
Working With Individuals In CrisisWorking With Individuals In Crisis
• Physical Illness
• Mental Illness
• Addictions
• Physical Abuse
• Sexual Abuse
• Divorce
• Grief
• Legal Problems
• Homelessness
• Natural Disaster
© 2013 Pine Grove
EmpathyEmpathy
• Virtually all theories of counseling have viewed counselor empathic ability as an important if not essential condition for successful counseling.
Peabody and Gelso 1982
• Empathy helps counselors understand the client's experience, but at the same time, a counselor may experience the emotional pain of multiple traumatized clients.
Miville 2006
© 2013 Pine Grove
STAR TREK STAR TREK ““THE EMPATHTHE EMPATH””
© 2013 Pine Grove
The Path To TranquilityThe Path To Tranquility
In dealing with those who are undergoing great suffering, if you feel ‘burn-out’ setting in, if
you feel demoralized and exhausted, it is best, for the sake of everyone, to withdraw and
restore yourself. The point is to have a long-term perspective.
Dalai Lama
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Unclear Requirements
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Impossible Requirements
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Lack of Personal Control
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Lack of Recognition
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Poor Leadership
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Big Consequences for Failure
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• High-Stress Times with No “Down” Times
© 2013 Pine Grove
SelfSelf--Care OJTCare OJT• Can these changes be made
• How realistic is all of this
• Will I have time to do this
© 2013 Pine Grove
Other SelfOther Self--Care PracticesCare Practices
Meditation/Relaxing Find Fun Distractions
Get Enough Sleep Maintain A Spiritual Practice
Physical Activity Get Help If You Need It
Eat Well Setting Boundaries
Find Hobbies Emotional Awareness
Maintain Social Support
Emotional AwarenessEmotional Awareness
\
© 2013 Pine Grove
Something For The Humans Something For The Humans
© 2013 Pine Grove
Emotional AwarenessEmotional Awareness
• Becoming aware moment by moment
– Challenging, difficult, unpleasant, rewarding
– A process
• Alternative to becoming aware
– Continue masking feeling
– Emerges in unexpected ways - behavior, words,
perceptions, consequences
© 2013 Pine Grove
Emotional AwarenessEmotional Awareness
• People think they experience emotions – Powerful emotional currents erupt
– Disturbing routines devoted to activities, accomplishments or survival.
– Angry – rage flows like a river
– Grieving – sorrow experienced daily
• Your emotions are your friends– Support
– Focus attention on what you need to know
© 2013 Pine Grove
Emotional AwarenessEmotional Awareness
• Emotions – currents of
energy
• Walking processing
system
• We process air and food
• We process emotions
© 2013 Pine Grove
• Emotions as a 24 hour-a-day news program
– Correct, appropriate, and timely
– Anger, fear, rage, jealousy, despair,
vengefulness
– Calls keep coming
– Emotions as obstacles or unwanted experiences
– Ignored emotions is ignored information
© 2013 Pine Grove
SamsaraSamsara
Our conditioned existence in
the perpetual cycle of habitual
tendenciesDalai Lama
© 2013 Pine Grove
InsanityInsanity
Doing the same thing over and
over hoping for a different
result
AA
© 2013 Pine Grove
InsanityInsanity
© 2013 Pine Grove
Emotional AwarenessEmotional Awareness
• Your emotions are a song
• Feelings are not good, bad, right or wrong
• Feelings do not last forever
© 2013 Pine Grove
The Earth SchoolThe Earth School
• Biggest classroom you have ever seen
• Special learning environment
• Every painful emotion is a class– Anger, jealousy
– Not every class on anger/jealousy is the same
– Emotionally withdrawn when angry
– Bossy and loud when you are angry
– Every healthy emotion is also a class – appreciation, gratitude, contentment and joy
© 2013 Pine Grove
The Earth SchoolThe Earth School
• Graduate from a class
• The times, places, people, and circumstances change
• You cannot change people
• School is always in session
• You cannot fail this school
• Your task is to change yourself, your response
• Choose how quickly or slowly
Meditation
Variety, Techniques and Practice
© 2013 Pine Grove
What is Meditation?
• Meditation is the process of getting to know your mind.
• Meditation is the state of non-distraction or when you are fully present.
• It is the process of coming to know one’s own mind.
© 2013 Pine Grove
Relaxation and Stress ManagementRelaxation and Stress Management
Meditation can enhance valued caregiver qualities such as
empathy, sensitivity, emotional stability, and psychological
maturity while reducing distress and burnout.Roger Walsh
Counseling students who found value and importance in self-care
activities like yoga and meditation reported feeling more mindful
and experiencing overall growth as wellness
Richards, Campenni, Muse-Burke
© 2013 Pine Grove
Variety
• Visualization
• Affirmations
• Relaxation
• Breathing
© 2013 Pine Grove
Visualization
A visualization meditation is a very simple
technique for quickly entering into a relaxed and calm state
© 2013 Pine Grove
Affirmations
Every thought we think and every word we say is an affirmation.
Louise
Hay
© 2013 Pine Grove
Progressive Muscle Relaxation
Progressive muscle relaxation is a technique
that involves tensing specific muscle groups
and then relaxing them to create awareness
of tension and relaxation.
© 2013 Pine Grove
Breathing
Sitting quietly and focusing on your breath by counting your breaths or simply being aware of your breathing.
© 2013 Pine Grove
Techniques
• Affirmations
• Relaxation
© 2013 Pine Grove
Affirmations
TÄÄ |á jxÄÄ
© 2013 Pine Grove
Relaxation
© 2013 Pine Grove
Miville, M. L, Carlozzi, A. F., Gushue, G. V., Schara, S. L., Ueda, M. (2006). Mental
health counselor qualities for a diverse clientele: linking empathy, universal-
diverse orientation, and emotional intelligence. Journal of Mental Health
Counseling, v28, Issue: 2, p151-165.
Peabody, S. A. & Gelso, C. J. (1982). Countertransference and Empathy: The
ComplexRelationship Between Two Divergent Concepts in Counseling. Journal
of Counseling Psychology, v29 n3 p240-245.
Richards, K.C., Campenni, C.E., Muse-Burk, J.L., (2010). Self-care and well-being in
mental health professionals: the mediating effects of self-awareness and
mindfulness. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, v32 n3 247-264.
Scott, E. Stress and Burnout: Burnout Symptoms and Causes. Retrieved March 4,
2001, from http://stress.about.com/od/burnout/a/life_stress.htm
SourcesSources
© 2013 Pine Grove
Walsh, R. (2011). Lifestyle and mental health. American Psychologist, v66, n7 p579-
592.
Zukav, G. & Francis, L. (2001). The Heart of the Soul: Emotional Awareness. New
York: Fireside Press
Zukav, G. & Francis, L. (2003). The Mind of the Soul: Responsible Choice. New York:
Free Press
SourcesSources
© 2013 Pine Grove
Issac L. Boose, LPCIssac L. Boose, LPCIssac L. Boose, LPCIssac L. Boose, LPC----S, LMFT, ICAADCS, LMFT, ICAADCS, LMFT, ICAADCS, LMFT, ICAADC
Director, Pine Grove Next StepDirector, Pine Grove Next StepDirector, Pine Grove Next StepDirector, Pine Grove Next Step
