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Colonization
Religion (God)
Faster/Cheaper route to Asia
Wealth (Gold)
Fame (Glory)
National Pride
Curiosity
16016077Jamestown,
VirginiaEconomic $$$
Gold Tobacco
1620Plymouth, Massachusetts
Religious Freedom
Puritans
Pilgrims
New EnglandMassachusetts: Pilgrims &
Puritans
Middle ColoniesPennsylvania: Quakers
Southern ColoniesVirginia: Plantations &
Slavery
Between Atlantic Ocean and Appalachian
Mountains
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut
$$$ Fishing, Whaling, Merchants
Rocky soil, harsh cold winters, subsistence farming
New YorkNew JerseyPennsylvaniaDelaware
Diverse population
Fertile soil, uncleared forest
$$$ Agriculture, fishing, logging, & merchants
“Bread Basket of the Colonies”
MarylandVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgia
Warmer climate, long growing season, fertile soil$$$ Cash Crops: Tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice
Plantations & Slavery
Triangular Trade
Mercantilism
Middle Passage
Massachusetts
Rhode Island: Religious toleration
First Great Awakening: Power of religion in people’s lives
•Roger Williams•Anne Hutchinson
•Pilgrims•Puritans
•Jonathan Edwards•George Whitefield
Pennsylvania: Religious toleration •William Penn (Quaker)
All souls are equal in the eyes of God
Magna Carta
Limited power of the king
English Bill of Rights
Lords and elected representatives
Parliament
Citizens’ Rights
Mayflower Compact
Self-government
Virginia House of Burgesses
Representative Government
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
(Thomas Hooker)First written constitution in colonies
Slaves•no political voice, no rights•Labor source for plantations•Property•Found refuge in family, religion and active resistance
Freed Blacks•no political voice, Limited rights•Low wages•Lowest social class•Limited access to education•Socially isolated•Refuge was family, religion and resistance
Revolution
Ohio River ValleyNative American
LandFrench had hunting rights
British moving in
Fighting breaks out
French and Most Indian Tribes British, American
Colonists
Benjamin FranklinColonies unite to fight French
One government
French leave
British territory doubles
British war debt
Proclamation Line of 1763Don’t go past Appalachians
Navigation Acts
Proclamation of 1763
Sugar Act (Tax)
Stamp Act (Tax on paper)
Boston Massacre
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Boston Tea Party
Intolerable/Coercive Acts
“Taxation without representation!”
No room for you at the table!!!
Appointed George Washington leader of the Continental Army
Olive Branch Petition
Declaration of IndependenceArticles of Confederation
Second Continental CongressThomas Jefferson
List of Grievances
Unalienable rights
People have right to overthrow oppressive government
Reasons for declaring independence
The Colonies wrote a letter to England.
What was the letter called?
The letter was like a…
What did the letter say?
Life
Liberty
Pursuit of Happiness
• Taxation without representation
• King has absolute power
• Colonists not allowed to speak out against the King
• Quartering Act forced colonists to house troops
• Allowed homes to be searched without warrants
• No trial by jury of peers
John Locke• Natural Rights• Consent of the governed
William Blackstone• Laws must protect citizen’s rights
Charles de Montesquieu• Separation of powers
After the Declaration of Independence the
Colonies were the…United States of
Americabut what did they need?
The 1st plan of Government was the….
Lexington and Concord
“Shot hear around the world”
Winter at Valley Forge
Train soldiers
Battle of Saratoga
French came to help Americans
Battle of Yorktown
Last battle/Cornwallis surrendered
Benjamin Franklin
Samuel Adams
King George III
Thomas Jefferson
Ambassador to France
Sons of Liberty
Ruler of Great Britain
Declaration of Independence
Thomas Paine
George Washington
Abigail Adams
John Adams
Wrote “Common Sense”
Continental Army
“Remember the Ladies!”
Argued for independence
Wentworth Cheswell
Mercy Otis Warren
James Armistead
Midnight rider to warn colonists/ Battle of Saratoga
Propagandist for the Patriots
Spy for Lafayette
Bernardo de Galvez
Crispus Attucks
Haym Solomon
Led Spanish armies against the British
Fist killed in the Boston Massacre
Jewish financier of the American Revolution
Lexington and Concord
“Shot hear around the world”
Winter at Valley Forge
Train soldiers
Battle of Saratoga
French came to help Americans
Battle of Yorktown
Last battle/Cornwallis surrendered
Treaty of Paris 1783
Great Britain recognizes the United States
-Ended American Revolution
-1783Treaty of Paris
-Colonies became the United States of
America
Constitution Era
The 1st plan of Government was the….
Who did it make stronger the…
ORFederal
Government
State Governmen
t
Central Governme
nt
Regulate Trade
Power to tax
National Courts
National Army
Why did they make a government that made the states stronger?
Scared of too strong of a
Government
Northwest Ordinance
1. Divided land into chunks
-A law-1787
Northwest Ordinance
2. Created a way for states to be
made
1787Shays’ Rebellion
Massachusetts farmers not being
paid
Farms were
foreclosed
Shays Rebellion
Government could not put down the rebellion
Weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation exposed
1787Philadelphia Convention
Constitutional Convention
-55
-DelegatesRepresentative
-May, 1787
FRAMERS
Scrapped Articles of Confederation
Drafted a new constitution
-Wrote the Virginia Plan
-Father of the Constitution
James Madison
-Studied for a whole year about history and politics
-Government controlled by
the Peopleby electing
representatives
Republic
Virginia PlanNew
Jersey Plan
- 3 Branches - 3
Branches
Makes LawsMakes Taxes
CongressLegislative Branch:Job:
Executive Branch:Enforces Laws
PresidentJob:
Judicial Branch:Interprets (explains) Laws
All the CourtsJob:
Great Compromise:
(Became the Constitution)
Large States
Virginia Plan
Proportional to a state’s population
Small States
New Jersey Plan
1 2 3
Equal representation
OROR
Virginia PlanNew
Jersey Plan
- 3 Branches
- # of Reps based on
population
- 3 Branches
- Equal #of reps for all
states
Great Compromise:
(Became the Constitution)
What keeps the power even
between all of the branches?
Southern States
Slaves fully counted in population
Northern States
Slaves should not be counted at all.
Three-Fifths (3/5)
Compromise
Five slaves =
three free persons
1787Where was the Constitution sent
after it was written?
Why was the Constitution sent to
the states?
1787What two groups fought over the
ratification of the Constitution?
FederalistFederalistAnti-
FederalistAnti-
Federalist
Why did these two
groups fight?
Why did these two
groups fight?
What is the Bill of Rights?
A formal change to an official document
Amendment =
Why is the Constitution amended?
2/3 of Congres
s
2/3 of States-Or-
Ratified by ¾
States
Amendment Process
What were the essays that the
Federalists printed in the newspaper
called?
FederalistFederalist
Why did they write the Federalist
papers?
FederalistFederalist
FederalistFederalist
James Madison
-Writer of Federalist Papers
-Believed in Federalism (Shared power)
Alexander Hamilton
-Writer of Federalist Papers
-Believed the National Government could do what was Necessary and proper to protect freedom
John Jay
-Writer of Federalist Papers
-Believed that a strong central government was necessary for protection
Patrick Henry
-Gave speeches against RATIFICATION
-Did not go to the Constitutional Convention because he “smelled a rat”
George Mason
-Leader of the Anti-Federalist
-Believed in restricting the federal governments power
-Wanted a Bill of Rights for peoples protection
-Virginia Delegate
Anti-FederalistAnti-Federalist
no quartering troops during peace time
Amendment 3
Rights not given to the Federal government are
given to the States
Amendment 10
bear arms
Amendment 2
right to trial by jury in the civil trials
Amendment 7
no search and seizure without warrant
Amendment 4
Citizens get more rights then just these
Amendment 9
right to do process, not to be tried for the same
crime twice
Amendment 5
freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly
Amendment 1
right to speedy public trial
Amendment 6
No cruel and unusual punishment
Amendment 8
established freedom of religion.
What is it called that the Government cannot be a
part of anything religious?
Amendment 1
1789George Washington
Who and when was the 1st president?
Leaders establish ways that life/jobs should be done that people follow after.
Ex. Name, union, terms, oath
Precedent:
What was one of the most important precedents that
George Washington set?
A group that leads different departments
and gives the president advice.
Cabinet:
The First Presidential Cabinet
Definition: oversee the nation’s defenses.
Secretary of War:
Henry Knox
Definition: oversee the relations between the U.S. and other countries.
The First Presidential CabinetSecretary of State:
Thomas Jefferson
Definition: to manage the government’s money.
The First Presidential CabinetSecretary of Treasury:
Alexander Hamilton
Definition: to advise the government on legal matters.
The First Presidential Cabinet
Edmond Randolph
Attorney General:
Definition: Leader of the Supreme Court
The First Presidential CabinetChief Justice:
John Jay
Definition: 2nd to the President
The First Presidential CabinetVice President:
John Adams
What was one of the biggest issues that the United States had in
1789?
The making, selling, and buying of
products.
Economy
Hamilton created a how many part plan?
4 part Financial plan
Pay off WAR DEBTPart 1:
Whisky tax.
Part 2:
Protective TariffsPart 3:
Create a NATIONAL
BANK
Part 4:
Why did these two guys oppose
Hamilton’s plan?
This debate created what?
VS
What other countries started fighting a war
that lasted many years?
V.S.
What did this guy decide?
Farewell AddressWashington
Warns against 3 things:1. Alliances that
will drag us into war
2. Political Parties (He hates
them)3. Getting into
Debt
John Adams-2nd President
XYZ Affair
-American’s want war- Adam’s wants peace
Alien and Sedition Acts
John Adams-2nd President- XYZ Affair
- Alien and Sedition Acts
Thomas Jefferson-3rd President
This doubled the United States’ size!
Lewis and Clark
Sacagawea
British ships started to stop
American ships to look for soldiers who ran away from Britain.
They also started to kidnap US sailors and
force them to fight with
them.
Impressments
Embargo Act
To stop this from happening
Jefferson made the....
This act said that ships
could not trade with anybody from Europe.
This act did not work and really
hurt the Economy
What did the Embargo act do
to the economy?
Thomas Jefferson-3rd President
-Louisiana Purchase-Louis and
Clark- Embargo act of 1807-Believed in Neutrality
James Madison-4th President
What were the causes of the War of 1812?
John C. Calhoun
Oh Say Can You SeeOh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawn’s Early Light…By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- -- Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott KeyFort McHenry-
1814
January 1815- Battle of New
Orleans
Treaty of Ghent – December 1814
.boerner.net
What feeling did this create?
.boerner.net
Nationalism= A feeling of
pride for their country
Henry ClayThe
American System:1. Protective
Tariffs2. National Bank3. Internal
Improvement
James Madison-4th President
-War of 1812
James Monroe-5th President
How did we get florida?
What does this map represent?
What does this picture represent?
Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine
.boerner.net
Why was there a fight over Missouri
becoming a state?
Why was there a fight over Missouri
becoming a state?
Missouri Compromise
Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay-Congressman-Nicknamed the “great compromiser”-Wrote the Missouri Compromise
James Monroe-5th President
-Monroe Doctrine-Missouri
Compromise
John Quincy Adams-6th President“A corrupt
Bargain”“A corrupt
Bargain”
Andrew Jackson-7th President
The The “Common “Common
Man’s”Man’s”Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate
The The “Common “Common
Man’s”Man’s”Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate
Nickname:Nickname:Old HickoryOld HickoryNickname:Nickname:Old HickoryOld Hickory
Suffrage Suffrage Requirements in the Requirements in the
Early 1800’sEarly 1800’s
Suffrage Suffrage Requirements in the Requirements in the
Early 1800’sEarly 1800’sSuffrage=the right Suffrage=the right to voteto vote
Suffrage=the right Suffrage=the right to voteto vote
What does the map What does the map show?show?
What does the map What does the map show?show?
Indian Removal ActIndian Removal ActIndian Removal ActIndian Removal ActWhat did the Indian What did the Indian Removal Removal Act do?Act do?
What did the Indian What did the Indian Removal Removal Act do?Act do?
V.S.
CherokeeGeorgia
What was
Jackson’s
response to the
Supreme
Court?
Ignore the Supreme Court. They will have to come stop
us if they think this is wrong.
Ignore the Supreme Court. They will have to come stop
us if they think this is wrong.
What event does this picture show?
What event does this picture show?
Nullification crisis:
John C. Calhoun
War on the bank?
Andrew Jackson-7th President-Indian
Removal Act-Trail of Tears
-Nullification Crisis
-War on the Bank
James K. Polk-11th
President
Manifest Destiny=A belief that America would expand from Sea to Sea.
What are these 2 oceans
What are these 2 oceans
Manifest Destiny=A belief that America would expand from Sea to Sea.
More then 300,000- 49’s went to Cali. by 1850
James K. Polk-11th
President-Manifest Destiny(Westward Expansion)
Urbanization
Free Enterprise
People could choose what they wanted to produce, how they wanted to sell it, and to who.
Laissez-FaireThe American belief that government should not have a say in business, but only to protect people’s business rights
UrbanizationCities becoming larger because people start working more in the city
Eli Whitney
Cyrus McCormickMechanical Reaper
Reform Era
What are some of the negative parts of the U.S. that needed to be reformed?
e Reformed Care for the Mentally ill
Dorothea Dix(1802-1887)
R1-5/7
Susan B. Anthony
R3-6
Harriet Tubman(1820-1913)
e Helped over 300 slaves to freedom.
e $40,000 bounty on her head.
e Served as a Union spy during the Civil War.
e She was a conductor
“Moses”
“Father of American Education”
Horace Mann (1796-1859)
Horace Mann (1796-1859)R3-6
Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1848 Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments
R2-6/7
Frederick Douglass (1817-1895)
Frederick Douglass (1817-1895)
1845 The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass1847 Wrote the “The North Star”
R2-12
What did the art all have in
common during the
1800’s?