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Colonial Latin America. What is imperialism? Is it the “natural state” of humankind to want to dominate one another?. Warm Up. Students will compare two conquistadors: Cortes & Pizarro . Students will analyze the political, economic and social impact of colonialism on Latin America. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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COLONIAL LATIN AMERICA
WARM UPWhat is imperialism? Is it the “natural state” of humankind to want to dominate one another?
HERE IS THE PLAN… Students will compare two
conquistadors: Cortes & Pizarro. Students will analyze the political,
economic and social impact of colonialism on Latin America.
Students will evaluate the lasting impact imperialism has had on the region of Latin America.
PRIOR TO COLONIZATION Latin America had a number of diverse
cultures and great civilizations, most especially the Aztec (Mexico) and Inca (Peru).
THE AZTECS
ERA OF CONQUEST Let’s take a look back at the major
world changes between 1492-1570
www.desotohq.com--Hernando DeSoto society
PIZARRO
Incas had just emerged from a civil war.
Military technology
Diseases Used trickery to
capture and kill the Inca emperor.
CORTES
Moctezuma felt he was the god-king Quetzalcoatl.
Allied with the Aztecs enemies.
Smallpox and other diseases.
Military technology
WHICH WAY DID THEY GO???? Chocolate Pigs Rice Slaves Maize (corn) Bananas Religion Chili Peppers
Potato Tomato Wheat Rice Smallpox Horses Peanuts Pineapples
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
DEMOGRAPHIC (POPULATION) CHANGES
ANALYZE THE IMPACT…
Smallpox is a disease that has been successfully eradicated - the last naturally occurring case of smallpox occurred in Somalia in 1977. With recent world events and the biological warfare threat, this conquered disease has again risen to the forefront of public health. Smallpox is a highly contagious skin disease that can result in death.
HERO OR VILLAIN?
SPANISH AMERICACharacterized by 3 things… An agricultural body with a
silver heart A Powerful Roman Catholic
Church A Social Class system based on
race/occupation
COLONIAL ECON & GOV Although Spanish America was an Ag
society, mining (silver) was essential
COLONIAL ECONOMY
Sugar plantations/silver mines
Large rural estates (haciendas) replace encomiendas
HACIENDAS & VILLAGES
Hacienda = rural estate owned by Spanish families & worked by natives → base of local aristocracy Source of competition w/ native Ag villages
America becomes self-sufficient except for luxuries
American silver key to Spanish commerceHeavily regulated, Fleet system developed
Spanish silver envied, but much goes to wars, Chinese luxuries, & debts
Industry & Commerce
RULING AN EMPIRE: STATE1 of 2
King
Council of Indies
Viceroy of New Spain
Viceroy of Peru
Audiencias
Local Bureaucrats
RULING AN EMPIRE: CHURCH
Acted as a ruling force in colonies
Church & missionaries established ideological & intellectual framework
2 of 2
ACCULTURATION
Syncretic religions are blends of different belief systems such as Animist and Christianity.
Virgin of Guadalupe
•ACCULTURATION Europeans begin to
“intermingle” with indigenous peoples often through rape (forced acculturation) to produce a new racial classifications.
MESTIZOS
Mestizo and Mestiza, Mestizo, c. 1770
Spaniard and Mestiza Produce a Castiza, c. 1770
MULATTOES
Black and Spaniard Makes Mulatto, c. 1780.
Miguel Cabrera [Mexican], From Spaniard and Mulatto, Morisca, 1763
NATIVE AMERICANS
Unknown artist [Mexican], From Indian and Mestiza, Coyote, c. 1760-70
ZAMBOS (WOLVES)
Black and Indian Makes Wolf.
SLAVES
Diego Rivera, "Colonial Domination"
LASTING IMPACT
The region of Latin America still has strong ties to Europe because of the era of Imperialism.
Language Religion
LASTING IMPACT
Populations in Europe and Asia exploded in part due to the abundance of new foods available.
Can you imagine Italian food without the tomato? How about the Irish without the potato?
WHAT’S AHEAD… Unfair social systems and unequal
land distribution will lead to revolts in the 18th century and 19th century against European rule.
Even though Latin American countries will gain political independence, they will still be economically dependent on Europe.