College English Unit 6 How to Mark a Book Unit 6 How to Mark a Book

College English

Unit 6 Unit 6 How to Mark a Book How to Mark a Book

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Backgroundinformation

VocabularyPhrases

TextExercises

To read a book for the first time is to make the acquaintance of a new friend; to read it a second time is to meet an old one. S.G. Champion

In the author’s opinion, the only way you really own a book is making it a part of yourself. He also insists on the best way to make yourself a part of it is by “writing between the lines”. Why is marking up a book very helpful to read it? First, writing helps you express the author’s thoughts in your own words and grasp them. It also helps you express your own thoughts. You can make use of all kinds of devices you have for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully.

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New words

Persuade:To induce to undertake a course of action or embrace a point

of view by means of argument, reasoning, or entreatye.g. How can I persuade you of my sincerity?Persuade sb. that…/ Persuade sb. of sth.

Property:Something owned; a possession.财产：被占有的某物；占有物e.g. the company belongs to Mrs. Stevenson, so it is private property.

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IllustrationVisual matter used to clarify or decorate a text.图解，图示：用来解释或装饰书本的视觉材料e.g. The book is quite boring, but the illustrations are really interesting.

PreludeAn introductory performance, event, or action preceding a more important one; a preliminary or preface.序幕：先于较重要部分的介绍性表演，事件或行动；开端或序e.g. The fighting in the street may be a prelude to more serious troubles.

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Transfervi. To move oneself from one location or job to another.

e.g. He has been transferred from New York branch to the London branch.

Restrain[ 同 ]bind, bridle, chain, check, confine, constrain, controle.g. If you can’t restrain the dog, you must lock it up.

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ContinualNot interrupted; steady:不间断的；稳定的：e.g. I’m tired of this continual rain.

DilapidatedHaving fallen into a state of disrepair or deterioration, as through neglect; broken-down and shabby.坍坏的，破旧了的：处于一种年久失修或朽坏状态的；残垣断壁的[ 同 ]broken-down, decayed, deteriorated, ruined, worn-out, crumbling

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PreserveTo maintain in safety from injury, peril, or harm; protect.保护：使免于损害，危险或伤害而处于安全中；保护e.g. Social activities preserve old people from the loneliness of old

age. Preserve…from…

OriginalNot derived from something else; fresh and unusual:有创意的：并非起源于其它事物的；有创见的且非凡的：e.g. He was promoted because of his original ideas.

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intactRemaining sound, entire, or uninjured; not impaired in any way.完好的

e.g. Despite his misfortunes, his faith and optimism remained intact.

elegantCharacterized by or exhibiting refined, tasteful beauty of manner, form, or style.优美的，文雅的，雅致的e.g. elegant furnishings/an elegant gentleman/an elegant vase

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BindTo tie or secure, as with a rope or cord.捆：用绳或线等捆绑或弄牢e.g. Bind the ganster to the seat with rope lest he should escape.

paradiseThe Garden of Eden; Heaven伊甸园；天堂e.g. This club is a sportsman's paradise. ( 喻 )这个俱乐部是运动爱好者的乐园。

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ManufactureTo make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation.制造：（把原材料）制造加工或成品e.g. The firm manufactures car.

Magnificent[ 同 ]splendid, remarkable, important-lookinge.g. The royal wedding was a magnificent occasion.

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IndispensableNot to be dispensed with; essential.不可缺少的；绝对必要的e.g. His participation is indispensable to the success of the meeting.

Conscious Having an awareness of one's environment and one's own existence,

sensations, and thoughts有意识的e.g. Are you conscious that you have just made a terrible mistake?

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ResumeTo begin or take up again after interruption重新开始，继续：中断后重新开始或进行e.g. After lunch, they resume the thread of their discussion.

Intelligent[ 同 ]acute, brainy, bright, clever, quick-witted, smart, well-informed, alerte.g. Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.

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New words

HumilityThe quality or condition of being humble.谦逊vt. humiliaten. humiliation

Literally[ 同 ]actually, virtuallye.g. The children were literally starving.

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solelyAlone; singly:独自地；单独地e.g. He is solely responsible.

FruitfulProductive; with good results富有成果的e.g. Newton's laws were fruitful for the future development of science.

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underlineDraw a line under( a word, etc) esp. to show importance

VerticalBeing or situated at right angles to the horizon; upright.垂直的[ 反 ]horizontale.g. a vertical line

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EmphasizeTo give emphasis to; stress. …对加强 ; 强调e.g. He emphasized the need for hard work.

SequenceAn order of succession; an arrangement.顺序：连续的顺序；排列e.g. Please keep the numbered cards in sequence.

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IndexSomething that serves to guide, point out, or otherwise facilitate reference, especially索引：一种用以指引、指示或方便寻找资料的东西e.g. A key word index is an enlargement to the book.

fancy:Not ordinary; brightly colored别致的；花哨的e.g. fancy goods

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basicof, relating to, or forming a base; fundamentale.g. We recognize that reading is the basic tool of learning in higher education.

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integratePut or bring together (parts) into a wholee.g. Many suggestions are needed to integrate the plan.

Read between the lines:Find more meaning than the words appear to express体会字里行间的言外之意

Do (sb.) good: 帮助（某人）；对（某人）有益

Phrases and expressions HOME

Dip into: 浏览，稍加研究e.g. In my spare time, I like to dip into my favorite authors.

Get in the way: 碍事e.g. I’ll take leave as soon as possible so as not to get in the way.


Reach for: 努力争取获得

e.g. He reached out for the knife, but it was too far away.

Set down/write down on paper: 写下，记下

e.g. Please set down your name, address, and telephone so that we can find you when necessary.


So to speak/say: 可以说；恕我直言e.g. You can't see the forest for the trees, so to speak.

Reach for: stretch out one’s hand to grasp; make an effort to grasp伸手去抓；努力争取


Set down: write down on paper

e.g. We set down the facts.

Tie up: connect closely; fasten with rope, etc 系紧，捆牢


Pick up: start again after interruption中断后重新开始

e.g. They pick up the work after the holiday.

Leave off: stop

e.g. It’s time to leave off the work.


Consist in: have as the chief or only element

e.g. The happiness of a country consists in the freedom of its citizens.

Reduce…to: 把……归纳为；把……简化为

e.g. At the end of the chapter, the author reduced the whole complicated argument to several simple statements.


While reading activity: Text

Text

Paraphrase

Text Structure

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Paraphrase

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1. The third has a few books or many—every one of them dog—eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribble in from front to back.

2. I’d no more scribble all over a first edition of Paradise Lost than I’d given my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!

Paraphrase

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3. You don’t absorb the ideas of John Deway the way you absorb the crooning of Mr. Valee.

4. He invariably reads with a pencil, and sometimes, when he picks up a book and pencil in the evening, he finds himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he calls “caviar factories” on the margins.

Paraphrase

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5. To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the questions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen those questions.

6. It’s like resuming an interrupted conversation with the advantage of being able to pick up where you left off.

Paraphrase

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7. But don’t let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end.

8. After I have finished reading the book and making my personal index on the back end-papers, I turn to the front and outline the book, not page by page, or point by point (I’ve already done that at the back), but as an integrated structure, with a basic unity and an order of parts.

Text Structure

Part 1 (para 1~5) “Reading between the lines” is effective while reading

Part 2 (para 6~10) The importance of marking on the book

Part 3 (para 11~ end) How to mark to book

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Vocabulary Ex. 7

Vocabulary Ex. 9

Exercises

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Translation Ex. 16

7. 7. Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the text:Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the text:

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1. I wish I could ________ my cousin to take your advice.persuade

2. It is common knowledge that chalk _________ moisture from the air.absorbs

3. Seeing that they were very busy then, we took our leave very quickly lest we should be __________.in the way


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4. Applications should be addressed to the committee and not to _________.Individuals

5. The teacher singled out Jennifer for special praise, for she was good at writing short, clear sentences arranged in logical ______.sequence

6. A special commission will be set up within three months to study the question of how to _______ historical houses in the city. preserve


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7. Her appearance isn’t ___________ to whether she can be a good teacher.relevant

8. An _______ person should try to use his abilities to the greatest extent. Intelligent

9. Having surmounted so many obstacles, she ______ her fame as a first-rate actress at last. established


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10. The ultimate object of scientific ___________ is to discover the laws of nature.inquiry

11. The driver was still _______ when the ambulance arrived at the scene of accident.conscious

12. Despite _______ pain, he refused all drugs.continual


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13. _______, her husband figured out that she was still bitter about his recent behavior in spite of the apparently cheerful tone of the latter. Reading between lines

14. Owning _______ books in useless unless you read them. sets of

15. My aunt almost fainted when she was told that what she bought at a very high price was not the _______ drawing, but just a copy of it.original

9. Exercises—Vocabulary9. Exercises—Vocabulary

complete the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs from the text

1. I can’t say that I know a great deal about modern painting– I _______ one or two books on the subject, and that’s all.

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2. I ______ the essay Todd recommended but could make no sense of it.

read through

have dipped into



3. He _____ his cap ______ from the floor and stuck it back on his head.

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4. Let’s begin the lesson at the place where we ____ last time.

picked…up

left off



5. The administration(政府 ) ______ not really _____ the question of what it should do once the fighting stops

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6. then, ____ a pencil, Toby wrote down his address and handed it to her.

has… thought through

reaching for



7. The robbers left the old couple_________ in the living-room.

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8. Mrs. Sterne complained that her floor _______ all ____ with her children’s muddy boots.

tied up

was (all) marked up



9. His work as a consultant _______ advising foreign companies on the sitting of new factories.

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10. Acing on her advice, we ______ the report _______ there main sections.

consists in (consisted in)

reduced to

1. 从书中汲取知识的最有效办法之一，是在页边空白处作有见地的笔记。

16. Exercises—Translation 16. Exercises—Translation

One of the most effective means of absorbing knowledge from a book is to make intelligent notes in the margins.

Translate the following sentences into English.

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2. 热天很难保藏食品，使之保持新鲜与食用安全。很自然，很多人觉得在夏季还是不上饭店为好。

In hot weather it is rather difficult to preserve food and keep it fresh and safe to eat. Naturally, many people prefer not to eat in restaurants during the summer months.

Translate the following sentences into English.

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3. 阅读时在作者强调的论点底下划线，对我们会有所裨益。


It will do us good to underline the points that the author emphasizes in his book.

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4. 经过好几天侦查，警方终于弄清这起谋杀案和新近发生的越狱事件有关。 (inquiry, tie up)

After days of inquiry the police finally tied up the murder with the case of the recent escape from prison.

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5. 我想劝说他们采纳我们的计划，首先因为这一计划所需资金较少，其次，不会造成环境污染。

I want to persuade them to adopt our plan, because, in the first place, it calls for less funds and, in the second place, it will not cause environmental pollutions.

6. 父亲用绳子把芹菜 (celery)扎在一起，放在河里浸了浸，然后拿到菜场上去卖。


Father bound the celery together with a rope and dipped it in the stream for a while before he took it to the market for sale.

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College English Unit 6 How to Mark a Book Unit 6 How to Mark a Book