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Last decades evolution from local to collective IT IT innovation in collective data flow Change in engineering new metaphors Large engineering practices concurrent engineering. Collaborative large engineering from IT dream to reality. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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© EADS CCR 2003
Collaborative large engineering from IT dream to reality
• Last decades evolution from local to collective IT
• IT innovation in collective data flow
• Change in engineering new metaphors
• Large engineering practices concurrent engineering
© EADS CCR 2003
Last decades IT evolution
1_ the road to designer work mechanization
• 70th culture: mass production man = weak point IT = opportunity to remove people from operational work
• End 70th 1st CAD stand alone work mechanization ROI at least 5 jobs inside the design or downstream chain. Typical CAD market : wiring, electronics, drawing“nice” successes, removing a lot of people from the working line, and interesting failures
• Mid 80th CADCAM support machine for itself. man activity no longer the key subject. Typical CAD market: :mechanical design CAD data exchange between different CAD systems, CAD data to CAM and to NC data, to fix bugs into CAD systems; migration support
Automatic control & scientific IT
Dissemination of emerging CAD station n BUs 10-20 designers
Central CADCAMsupport team mgt4 BUs 100 ++ designers
© EADS CCR 2003
Last decades IT evolution
2_ the road to concurrent engineering
• Detailed drawing files and plans 100% CAD-CAM (1990)
research of representations adapted to engineering data IT processing. features to improve CAD-CAM link increased automation
3D solid to model assemblies DMU & collective work
• DMU as a CAD tool to replace physical mock-ups & to share product vision illustration : AIT automotive and aerospace EU project (95) DMU modelling and methodology, 3D heterogeneous exchange 3D visualisation for project
reviews. Drawback: 3D CAD models limited in size, and parametric not easy to exchange.
• DMU as a PDM tool to be backbone of collective work illustration ENHANCE aircraft EU project, (98)
common models for data, milestones, review meeting, exchanges … heterogeneous data safe and fluid non collocated environments. DMU configured set of 3D parts, + other technical objects as drawings, documents, etc. to build a common product model.
© EADS CCR 2003
« closed local » concurrent engineering : CADCAM full mechanization
Feature based engineering illustration (98)
© EADS CCR 2003
Concurrent Engineering Integration and Experiments Business Case Studies
COCERP
COSUPP
AircraftSupport
Standard Parts COSODA
COPROMOD
DigitalProductModels
COSCAL
ScientificCalculation
CertificationProcess
ProductEngineering
DevelopmentProcessModel CODECYMO
COCONA
StandardContracts
COPROMA
ProgrammeManagement
Life Cycle Model and Business Management
Information Technology
Management
Support
Dissemination & Exploitation
Multi-SiteCollaborative Work
Standards forExchangingInformation
InformationTechnologyInfrastructure
Training
Technology and Methodology for the Extended Enterprise
COMEX
COSITE
COMTRAIN
COMITIF
« open global » concurrent engineering : DMU-PDM backbone
ENHANCE illustration
© EADS CCR 2003
Last decades IT for engineering evolution
3_ Synthesis and lesson learnt
• Leading vision = collective data production, not individual drawings or schemas data flow data exchange between people and IT machines, and data produced from other data, by people knowledge and software tools.
• New disciplines CAD mutation analogy last centuries mechanization. production system management; resources/process logistic and supportScattered handicraft resources expensive industrial machines + large teams, horizontal or vertical integration + standard machines machine prices decrease organisations kept, integration goes on. :
• Rational methods needed for industrial IT objects or machines. often a more “natural world” turn out to be a more abstract and rational one to set-up efficient IT collaborative environment colour, 3D visualisation, parametric codification, methods handbook, … virtual meetings meeting categorization, QoS, security, rendezvous management.
© EADS CCR 2003
Collaborative large engineering from IT dream to reality
• Last decades evolution from local to collective IT
• IT innovation in collective data flow
• Change in engineering new metaphors
• Large engineering practices concurrent engineering
© EADS CCR 2003
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow
1_ engineering data flow types
Products fuzzy idea data toearly
engineeringcustomisation
Engineering
data to
implement
supportrequirements
technology
sale
procure
coreengineering
Build products
Operate products
Product integration drivers
Testability
Robustness
Competitiveness
• Flow pulled by customer : functional top down system engineering the V collaborative iteration requirements, waterfall, perfo/techno trade off, VVA
• Flow pushed by technology : constructive bottom up
try and test, create the market
• Flow canalised by enterprise : evolution process middle way concurrent engineering
© EADS CCR 2003
data to
Build products
Operate products
to physical products
Engineering
data ‘products’to
Idea of products lifecycle & services
mission conf. inspection trainingdeployment
integration assembly manufacturingext. components
Virtual product flow numerical model
Knowledge cycle flow AI models
IT data flow mgt reference model
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow 2_ Innovation axis
people organisation; IT infrastructureconcurrent engineering open safe network CAX & PDM COTSEngineering know how support
© EADS CCR 2003
Design Handbook
Authoring & translation
Engineering knowledge illustration
Vocal support
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow
Expert specialist collaboration support
Informationaccess
Knowledgeserver
Case based specifications
Rules based costs
Design handbook
K modellingusing information
patterns & framework(features, ontology, …)
© EADS CCR 2003
Intelligent workflow
Open and evolutive Architecture Standard
PDM access
On line multimedia reporting
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow
partner partner collaboration support
IT data flow sharing illustration
© EADS CCR 2003
Virtual product illustration
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow
designer user collaboration support
3D tolerances
Pilot Immersion Designer Observation
Designer // Thermal & 3D (simplified 3D)
Mounting (haptics) Designer definition
Interactive collision
© EADS CCR 2003
IT innovation in collective engineering data flow
Session management
EU VEPOPillustrator
Low cost/ firewall adapted/ incremental/ distributed/ collaborative environment
© EADS CCR 2003
Collaborative large engineering : a managed system
IT innovation an open field for engineers dream ?
daily reality of engineering sounds different
IT evolution is guided by management concepts & needs
© EADS CCR 2003
Collaborative large engineering from IT dream to reality
• Last decades evolution from local to collective IT
• IT innovation in collective data flow
• Change in engineering new metaphors
• Large engineering practices concurrent engineering
© EADS CCR 2003
Changes in engineering environment
1_ the zero paper metaphor [decision support]
Changes in work spaceillustration
IT innovationillustration
individual A0 size drawings boards « an
arm size, motion and memorization », A4/A3 reduced vision and motion
Zoom,multi-layers, tree-file; 3D accessbut increased degree of abstract as space being replaced by time+logic
No more quick look at drawings pinned to boards, to catch evolution
publish and subscribe ; interface information patterns (features); traced collaborative sessions
No more global vision of design office & people walking around can't provide unexpected useful feedbackNo more physical document cabinets
design review DMU + PDM .Multimedia annotation mechanismSemantic navigators (XML and ontologies)
Yellow pages, knowledge repository
lost of confidence and complicity as digital information can be send away and judged by unknown people
abstract document fluent management & ownership mechanisms supporting and ruling day to day worksafe networks
© EADS CCR 2003
Changes in engineering environment
2_ The break the wall metaphor [action]
• Before : sequential mature information, signature= responsibility signature mechanism : author/skill project_boss/product, office_boss/enterprise
document administrator in charge of import or export of validated data; engineering models organised for next step process
• Now: parallel immature information, ownership dynamic transfer down stream actor expects early upper “finished work” upstream actor expects early experiment (real, virtual) feedback data administrator in charge of rule and ownership administration etc. engineering (multi) models organised for interaction
Mature data transfer Immature data sharing
© EADS CCR 2003
Changes in engineering environment
3_The Hub metaphor [resources]
data hub with impersonal engineering put and get data. breaking the wall concept every one under pressure in an information loop
IT data and IT machines accelerate drastically data change and data transfer speed man in the loop
boss manages data indicators and data administrator control data speed.
counterweight : human factors + network model man “at the nodes” + IT assistance model of large and shared engineering between partners, with management of product/process frontiers and contractual responsibilities.
data
BPR, 6 Sigma, CMM, QFD, TQM, ISO9000,
© EADS CCR 2003
Collaborative large engineering from IT dream to reality
• Last decades evolution from local to collective IT
• IT innovation in collective data flow
• Change in engineering new metaphors
• Large engineering practices concurrent engineering
© EADS CCR 2003
Distributed configuration managementDIECoM
Practices in large engineering.
1_ collaborative structures
• Large organisations combine : OBS WBS PBS (decision,activity,integration) trees
• collaboration control through nodes - invariant upper nodes contractual (partnership, work package, inv_conf_item),
- intermediate nodes managed variant (baseline & effectivity)
- lowest relatively free for change.
• life cycle evolution control through change propagation between trees
ENHANCE model
Digital product masterENHANCE
© EADS CCR 2003
Practices in large engineering.
2_ collaborative organisation
Product centric organisation temporary integrated teams
Domain assembled product development
Mission performance, cost and delays industrialisation
Collaboration : multi models sharing, fast convergence
Key technology : DMU/PDM.
meeting room
3Dreview room
skills area
Display areas
Walls
Printers
Management
DMU Frontiers
Support
meeting room
Plateau infrastructure and connexions
project area
Plateau lifecycle controlskill team product zone
local managerDMU manager, planner, logistic designers, calcul specialists (if) (aerodynamics, thermal, etc.)STG.
project team WP/ section
manager contract interfacesdocuments DMU integrator, PDM costs IT, methods supp etc.
© EADS CCR 2003
Practices in large engineering.
2_ collaborative organisation
Business Process centric organisation interlinked enterprise activity centres
Domain easy fast changes few impact building, testing supporting resources ex: electronic and software systems, light customisation
Mission optimisation of recurring work & expert involvement
Collaboration : immature data, anticipate change propagation ECM for synchro
Key technology : BPM (BPR CMMI, ABM/ABC), CM; MIL influence.
change request, impact study change proposal, modification evaluation, modification grouping, decision committees, change work notification
© EADS CCR 2003
Practices in large engineering.
2_ collaborative organisation
Skill centric organisation enterprise knowledge network
+ expensive or sophisticated resources factorisation
labs & calculation ! ROI pb
Domain critical or long cycle objects, common (cost, delay or performance) factors sophisticated manufacturing parts, high added value systems
Mission innovation, generic methods & tools, engineering backup, and exceptions handling
Collaboration : relation between a problem provider and an appropriate (net of) expert
Key technology : KM.
« centre of competences »
« industrial research »
© EADS CCR 2003
3_ Collaborative methods support
Practices in large engineering.
Key factors : size of the projects, number of partners, volume of produced data, wide net.
program management: contracts + metrics +milestones cooperation framework; project management : project reviews + engineering change management coordination mechanism event or differential management daily collaboration
large dedicated management & support teams existence
On line multimedia reporting
Functional work allocation
ConfiguredDMU
Computation
En
gin
eeri
ng
pro
du
cts
Design knowledge
Build & sp reference
Functional reference
© EADS CCR 2003
3_ Collaborative methods support
97 00 +106 hours
Practices in large engineering.
Key factors : size of the projects, number of partners, volume of produced data, wide net
huge set of methods :common rules and information exchange standards. (basic framework from military and space standards, & civil A/C practices
front wave effect many newcomers teaching & formal work methods (from some hundred designer in preliminary phases to thousands in core phases), have to learn
huge set of technical data : (mainly for product final integration and logistic)
- design activity a large data content editor, many update and releases- design activity a wide safe and fluent net user .
large dedicated management & support teams existence
© EADS CCR 2003
Conclusion and perspectives
an EADS product development thousand of people , several years.
Major evolution in collaborative large engineering combines IT innovation and management change
Success stories like the Airbus Concurrent Engineering demonstrate importance of sponsoring, communication and human factor efficient environments
© EADS CCR 2003
Conclusion and perspectives
Next decades challenge Virtual product within a Virtual enterprise
« full aerospace product »
Virtual product : multi view representation of product semantic, behaviour, and structure in operating, manufacturing and maintenance environments. Virtual enterprise: standards, interoperability, knowledge, global simulation. early processes (front loading effect), downstream people assisted by multimodal devices
DoD initiative in SBA (HLA/RTI), n-tiers distributed architectures, semantic web initiative
BPR, 6 Sigma, CMM, QFD, TQM, ISO9000,