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Review and New Piaget and Vygotsky

Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

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Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

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Page 1: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Review and New

Piagetand

Vygotsky

Page 2: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

JEAN PIAGET

Page 3: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA

ASSIMILATION

ACCOMMODATION

EQUILIBRIUM

DISEQUILIBRIUM

Page 4: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Constructivism:How knowledge is constructed in the human being when information comes into contact with existing knowledge (schema) that has been developed by experiences. According to Piaget, constructing knowledge involves a process of solving problems in order to eliminate disequilibrium. This is accomplished through assimilation, accommodation, and equilibrium (Snowman & Biehler, 34).

Page 5: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

SCHEMA

Organized units of

knowledge

Page 6: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 7: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Taking a new experience and trying to fit it

in with an existing schema.

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 8: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Experiencing something that is inconsistent with what you already

believe and know.

Page 9: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Constructivism: building knowledge

to eliminate disequilibrium

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 10: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Accommodation

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 11: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Accommodation Process Changing your existing schemeto accommodate

the new experience so

it fits in.

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 12: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

PIAGET’S 4

stages I. Sensorimotor (0-2)II. Preoperational (2-7)III. Concrete Operational (7-11)

IV. Formal Operational (11–adult)

Page 13: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive development in 4 stages:

•Children universally proceed through each stage in the same order but at varying rates. Not all attain the formal operational stage.

•Human beings use organization (to systemize and categorize) and adaptation (to connect new experiences to existing knowledge-schema).(Snowman & Biehler, 33,35).

Page 14: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

A balanced mental state in which you have1.) adapted to a new experienceand 2.) organized your schema

(Wood & Smith, 2012)

Page 15: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

PIAGET : Vocab.OBJECT

PERMANENCE

CONSERVATION

CHILD EGOCENTRISM

ADOLESCENT EGOCENTRISM

Page 16: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

OBJECT PERMANENCE

SENSORIMOTOR STAGE

Page 17: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

CONSERVATION

PREOPERATIONAL STAGE

Page 18: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

CONSERVATION

PREOPERATIONAL STAGE

Page 19: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

CONSERVATION

PREOPERATIONAL STAGE

Page 20: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

CONSERVATION

PREOPERATIONAL STAGE

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EGOCENTRISM

PREOPERATIONAL STAGE

Unable to see anotherperson’s point of view.

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ADOLESCENTEGOCENTRISM

Takes the other person’s point of view to an extreme degree.

So preoccupied with themselves and how

they appear to others.

They assume that peers and adults are equally interested in

what theythink or do.

(Snowman & Biehler, 40)

Page 23: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

PIAGET : Vocab.

SERIATION

CLASSIFICATION

FORMAL – ABSTRACT

Page 24: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

SERIATION

CONCRETE STAGE

Page 25: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

CLASSIFICATION

CONCRETE STAGE

Page 26: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

ABSTRACT , hypotheticalhigher level thinking

FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE

Page 27: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

PIAGET’S cognitive theoryof Constructionism:

Cognitive development makes social development possible.

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VYGOTSKY believed theopposite was true:

Social interaction isthe primary cause of

cognitive development.

(Snowman & Biehler, 47)

Page 29: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Cognitive Development

PIAGET : LEADS TO

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Page 30: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Social Development

VYGOTSKY:LEADS TO COGNITIVE

DEVELOPMENT

Page 31: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Social Developmentand

Social Constructivism

Lev VYGOTSKY

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VYGOTSKY

Socio-cultural theory:(both social and cultural)

Page 33: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

VYGOTSKY1896-1934•born the same

year as Piaget, but in

Russia

•died prematurely at

age 38 of Tuberculosis

•his theories gained

attention in the 1980’s

Page 34: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

VYGOTSKY“Through others,

we become ourselves.”

•Children gain knowledge and cultural tools that are handed down to them by others who are moreintellectually advanced.

Page 35: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Think of something youlearned to do because anolder person taught youby handing down theirknowledge and skills -

Perhaps a brother, sister,parent or grandparent?

Page 36: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

•how to play chess•set up a tent

•catch and clean a fish•build a doghouse

•sail a sailboat•do a jigsaw puzzle•how to fry chicken

Page 37: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Would you have possiblyfigured it out or learned howto do that skill by yourself when you were younger?

Or did you learn it primarilybecause you were taught bysomeone more advanced?

Page 38: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Social Development

VYGOTSKY: Vocab: •PSYCHOLOGICAL

or CULTURAL TOOLS

•ZONE OF PROXIMAL

DEVELOPMENT

•SCAFFOLDING

Page 39: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

Social Development

VYGOTSKY: Vocab: •SPONTANEOUS

CONCEPTS

•SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS

•EMPIRICAL LEARNING

•THEORETICAL LEARNING

Page 40: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

PSYCHOLOGICAL or CULTURAL TOOLS:

.

“The most important things a culture passes on to its members (and descendants) are these cultural tools. These are the cognitive devices and procedures with which we communicate and explore the world around us” (Snowman & Biehler, 46).

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PSYCHOLOGICAL or CULTURAL TOOLS:

.

•LANGUAGE, SPEECH , WRITING•GESTURES, NON-VERBAL SIGNALS•DIAGRAMS, MAPS•NUMBERS, CHEMICAL FORMULAS•RULES, MEMORY TECHNIQUES

Page 42: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

PSYCHOLOGICAL or CULTURAL TOOLS:

.

Page 43: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

PSYCHOLOGICAL or CULTURAL TOOLS:

.

•LANGUAGE, SPEECH , WRITING•GESTURES, NON-VERBAL SIGNALS•DIAGRAMS, MAPS•NUMBERS, CHEMICAL FORMULAS•RULES, MEMORY TECHNIQUES

Page 44: Cognitive Development JEAN PIAGET Cognitive Development PIAGET : Vocab. SCHEMA ASSIMILATION ACCOMMODATION EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM

“Children of Many Lands: Elida’s Story: My Home on the Amazon

River, Peru”(Discovery Education video, 1991)Answer the questions following the video:

1. What were the most important cultural tools being used by Elida and her family? How many different ways were they used?

2. Can you give examples from the video that shows how knowledge and skills were being passed down from older people to the younger? Do you believe that the younger children were advancing?

3. What are your thoughts about the social interaction and cultural influences going on with this family and their lifestyle? Compare this to your own lifestyle, cultural influences and social interactions.

4. Would you agree with Piaget’s theory that social development leads to cognitive development? Give a good example from the video.