Cognitive Computing: Augmenting Human Capability

Dr. Jeff Welser Vice President & Lab Director IBM Research – Almaden

Brazil

T.J Watson Almaden

Austin

Ireland Zurich

Haifa

Africa

India

China

Tokyo

Australia

3000 Global Researchers

IBM Research: Globally and Vertically Integrated

China

Watson Almaden

Austin

Tokyo Haifa Zurich

India

Dublin

Melbourne

Brazil

IBM Research labs Labs added since 2010

Kenya

future systems

nanotechnologies

processors/storage /switching

cloud

cybersecurity

analytics

industry expertise

Cognitive Computing Industry and Solutions

Computing as a Service Science & Technology

Research Strategies

Data

We are here

Sensors and Devices

Social Media

VoIP

Enterprise Data

2016

In just two days we now generate as much data as was generated in total through 2003

80% of all data is unstructured and growing 15 times the rate of structured data

Over 1 billion tweets are sent every 2 days

5 million trade events are clocked every day

2020

Percentage of uncertain data

The Role of Data Unstructured data volume grows substantially

Augmenting human intelligence

Understand multiple languages

Converse in spoken dialogue

Comprehend complex images

Interpret sensory perceptions

Develop domain knowledge

Derive new insights

DNA/RNA: Metagenomics for Food Safety

Data growth and gravity distorts and impacts every component of IT – and business

Data curation leads to optimal value

Compute must move to data

New IT platforms will emerge at the edge

Un-curated Diverse sources, resolutions, gaps, data types, update frequencies and uncertainty levels

Curated Creates an integrated up-to-date view of layered spatio-temporal data with industry-specific analytics

Roads Soil

Weather Land

Analyzing open spatio-temporal data at scale illustrates the power of curation

Data at the edge is changing how we look at data

90%

By 2017

Of data created over the last 10 years was never captured or analyzed

The collective computing and storage capacity of smartphones will surpass all worldwide servers

60%

2X

Of valuable sensory data loses value in milliseconds

Rate of data creation compared to the expansion of bandwidth over the past decade

Do not distribute

Sensory data: High velocity, variety and volume Value is maximized with real time reaction

Automotive •  1GB/s per car fully

instrumented •  React in 200 msec for

maximum value

Mobile •  >10 sensor types •  React in 200 msec for

maximum value •  Need to be always on

Cameras •  Continuous video streams,

always on •  React 1-5s for maximum

value

From A. Merolla et al., Science, Aug. 8, 2014

Demonstrated 1 million neurons, 256 million synapses, ~70mW, ~4cm2

An end-to-end ecosystem consisting of development boards; a simulator; a programming

language; an integrated programming environment; a library of algorithms as well as applications; firmware; deep learning tools; a teaching curriculum; and cloud enablement.

Energy-efficient and Homogeneously Scalable Architecture for Multi-sensory Integration

3 color, 30 fps, object recognition Mobile Camera

Hot Word Detection Live Logo Detection

Stationary Camera

Cognitive Computing Today

Cognition occurs in the “cloud”

Minimal sensory perception

Challenged in real-time cognition

Minimal Interaction with other devices

Cognitive Computing Tomorrow

Light Cognition on mobile devices

Enable Rich Sensory Perception

Enable Real-Time Reaction

Collaboration & Interaction between devices

Mobile Cognition Concept

Cloud Mobile Device Unreliable Channel

- Manufacturing - Healthcare - Public Safety - Autonomous Car - Military Drones - ...

Cognitive Services (heavy processing)

Cognitive Agent (light processing)

Secure, reliable, universal protocol

Cognitive Machines Today versus tomorrow: moving towards the edge

High Performance Computing + Cognitive Analytics

Discovery New materials New capabilities New solutions

What can be calculated Predictive models Simulations, statistics, correlations

What is known Papers, patents, reports Experiments, extraction, similarity

Cognitive Systems

Software Defined

Environment

Atomic and Nano-scale

Data-centric Systems

Visual Analytics and Interaction

Context and Learning

Cognitive Computing

Key technologies for the next era of computing