Climate Smart Technologies and Practices for Sustainable Agriculture in India

Intern. Conf. Scaling Up &Out Climate Smart Tech & Pract for SA, MAFF, Tokyo, Japan 5-7 Nov 2019

M. PrabhakarPrincipal Scientist

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE)Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW) Govt of India

▪ Large country with diverse climate (60 Agro Ecological sub regions)

▪ More than 60% population depend on agriculture Nearly half area (56%) rain dependent

▪ Long coast line (7,561 km)

▪ Majority farmer (86.2%) small & marginal land holdings (<2 ha), poor coping mechanisms

▪ Largest cattle population in the world (536 million)

▪ Increase in frequency of extreme weather events

2123

Frequency of Extreme Events in the Recent Past in India

2/23

Indi

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Sector wise GHG Emissions (CO2e) in India

GHG Emissions from Agriculture Sector (CO2e)

GHG Emission Scenario in India

▪ Successful implementation of INDC isestimated to cost an amount of $ 2.5trillion (at 2014 -15 prices) for meetingIndia’s climate change actions betweennow and 2030.

INDC

Components

ATARI

Unique project brings all sectors of agriculture viz., Crops,Horticulture, Livestock, Fisheries, NRM and ExtensionScientists on one platform.

Objectives

▪ To undertake strategic researchon adaptation and mitigation

▪ To validate and demonstrateclimate resilient technologies onfarmers' fields.

▪ To strengthen the capacity ofscientists and other stakeholdersin climate resilient agriculture

▪ To draw policy guidelines forw ide r s ca l e adop t i o n o fr e s i l i e n c e - e n h a n c i n gtechnologies and options

41 ICAR institutes, 46 Universities

Launched in 2011

3/23

National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)

A case study

Key Role of Research Institutes (in identifying and designing measures/policies/schemes for adoption and dissemination of new technologies)

(1976 - 2005)

Max Temp (actuals)

(2070 - 2099)(2040 - 2069)

(2010 - 2039)

CO2 Temperature gradient channels

Climate Change Research Infrastructure(7 ICAR core institutes)

(Elevated CO2, Temperature, GHG measurement etc.) 5/23

• Crops• Livestock• Fisheries• Soil • Water• Pests & diseases

Free air temperature enrichment (FATE)

Rainout shelter

High throughput plant phonemics

(1976 - 2005)

Rainfall(actuals)

(2010 - 2039)

(2040 - 2069) (2070 - 2099)

Rainwater harvesting

Climate change risk (RCP4.5, 2040-69)

District Level Risk Assessment due to Climate Change

▪Identified districts that are risk prone where investments can be targeted

▪Factors contributing to vulnerability provide directions to adaptation research

(CC Projections as per IPCC’s AR 5)

6/23

Climate Resilient Villages (CRVs) Enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity of farmers to Climate Variability

One cluster village each in151 climatically vulnerable districts

446 villages, 203,650 ha, 183,753 households

Methodology Adopted for Selection of Village

Impact Assessment

8/23

• Village carbon balance• GHG mitigation potential

Package of Technologies

9/23