Climate Corps Bay Area 2012 Training

CLIMATE CORPS BAY AREA 2012 TRAINING

Climate Corps Bay Area

2012 TrainingDay 3


RecapQuestions from yesterday

Logistics for today



Energy ConceptsKif Scheuer


What is Energy?The capacity to do work

comes in many formsTo do work energy converts from one form to another

5


How Hard Does Kif Work?Kif climbs a ladder in 10 seconds.Kif’s rate of work = 60kg * 1.5m * 10m/s^2 / 10s = 90 Watts

1.5 mladder

60 kgmass

~10 m/s^2 gravitational acceleration

Three 30-watt light bulbs


ENERGY VS. POWERWatts (W) and kilowatts (kW) measure

power, or the rate at which work is performed.

Watt-hours (Wh) and kilowatt-hours (kWh) measure energy, or the quantity of electricity used.

Demand is measured in watts, Consumption is measured in watt hours.


Power Vs. Energy

12:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:000

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Wat

ts

Time

Energy: ~12 kWh

Power: 2.1 kW


Powerful Definitions1 Ampere – A charge carrying 6.2 x 10^18

electrons per second.1 Volt – The difference in electric potential

across a wire when a current of one ampere dissipates one watt of power.

Watts = Volts x Amps


Ohm’s LawV (voltage) = I (current) X R (resistance)


Electricity Transmission


The Electricity GridLinks power plants to load

centersLinks transmission lines

togetherPower is ‘pooled’ in the

transmission system, and each distribution system draws from the pool

‘System’ has diversity of sources

150 computerized control centers to dispatch generators as needed

An electron is an electron!


Grid EfficienciesPower Plants

Old Coal 35%New Coal 60%Wind 45%Solar PV 15%

T&D6-8% loss$20 billion/yr


Categories of Power PlantsBase-load Power

plants – run all the time (nuclear)

Peaking power plants – run to meet peak loads (old coal or oil fired)

Intermediate power plants – meet constantly changing loads (Nat gas)


Power MixRenewable vs.

Non-renewable power

Climate Neutral power


Consumption

Source: U.S. EIA, Monthly Energy Review (March 2012)


Historical Trends

Source: U.S. EIA, Annual Energy Review 2010


Historical Consumption

Source: U.S. EIA, Annual Energy Review 2010


Energy Costs


How to Read your Energy BillElectricity

Baseline Usage: $0.11 per kWhTier 1: 30% above Baseline, $0.13 per kWhTier 2: 70% above Baseline, $0.23 per kWhTier 3: 100% above Baseline, $0.31 per kWhTier 4: 300%+ above Baseline, $0.36 per kWh


How We Use Energy

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Common Appliance Energy Use

Appliance Watts (W)

Average Hours

Used Per Month

EnergyUsed per

Month (kWh)

Average Cost per Month

($)*

CO2 Emissions per Month

(Lbs)**

Refrigerator/Freezer (Energy Star) 800 117 94 12 47Refrigerator/Freezer (Pre 1992) 600 215 129 17 65Flat Screen TV 120 120 14 2 7DVD Player 22 45 1 0 0Microwave 1,000 15 15 2 8Clothes Dryer - Electric 4,600 20 92 12 46*$0.13 per kWh

**0.5 lbs CO2 per kWh


Benefits of Energy EfficiencyImpacts from historical Investment in

Energy Efficiency in California versus US as a whole


Energy in California – Efficiency and Renewables

Robert MarcielPG&E Pacific Energy Center

Christine PrestellaPacific Gas & Electric Government and Community Partnerships


Lunch1 Hour


Energy BreakoutsBasic Energy Audits Benchmarking Tools

Solar Basics


Field TripTransit

Meeting location


Academy of Sciences55 Music Concourse Drive San Francisco,

CA 94118We are driving a 15 person van and 1

minivan (holds 6).If you want to leave from the Academy you

can. If you don’t travel with us meet up at the

back of the building at 330.


Documents

Climate Corps Bay Area 2012 Training